《质量员》课件-材料及机械的质量控制

质量员QualityOfficer材料及施工机械的质量控制QualitycontrolofmaterialsandconstructionmachineryCONTENTS01材料控制的重点Materialcontrolfocus材料质量控制的内容Contentofmaterialqualitycontrol02施工机械设备的控制Controlofconstructionmachineryandequipment031、材料控制的重点

Materialcontrolfocus材料包括原材料、成品、半成品、构配件、仪器仪表、生产设备等，是工程项目的物质基础，也是工程项目实体的组成部分。要求对涉及安全、节能、环境保护和主要使用功能的重要材料、产品进行复检。材料控制的重点如下：Materialsincluderawmaterials,finishedproducts,semi-finishedproducts,components,instruments,productionequipment,etc.,whicharethematerialbasisoftheprojectandpartoftheprojectentity.Itisrequiredthatimportantmaterialsandproductsinvolvingsafety,energysaving,environmentalprotectionandmainusefunctionsbere-inspected.Thefocusofmaterialcontrolisasfollows:1、材料控制的重点

Materialcontrolfocus1、收集和掌握材料的信息，通过分析论证优选供货厂家,以保证购买优质、廉价、能如期供货的厂家。1、Collectandgrasptheinformationofmaterials,throughtheanalysisanddemonstrationofthepreferredsupplymanufacturers,inordertoensurethepurchaseofhighquality,cheap,canbedeliveredasscheduledmanufacturers.1、材料控制的重点

Materialcontrolfocus2、合理组织材料的供应,确保工程的正常施工。施工单位应合理地组织材料的采购订货、加工生产、运输、保管和调度,既能保证施工的需要，又不造成材料的积压。2.Organisethesupplyofmaterialsreasonablytoensurethenormalconstructionoftheproject.Theconstructionunitshouldreasonablyorganizethepurchaseofmaterials,processingandproduction,transportation,storageandscheduling,toensurethattheconstructionneeds,butalsodoesnotcauseabacklogofmaterials.3、严格检查材料的验收,确保材料的质量。3、Strictlychecktheacceptanceofmaterialstoensurethequalityofmaterials.5、严格按标准的要求组织材料的检验，材料的取样、试验操作均应符合标准要求。5、Strictlyaccordingtothestandardrequirementsoftheorganizationofmaterialinspection,materialsampling,testoperationsshouldbeinlinewiththestandardrequirements.材料控制的重点Materialcontrolfocus4、实行材料的使用认证，严防材料的错用、误用。4、Implementthecertificationoftheuseofmaterialsandpreventthemisuseandmisapplicationofmaterials.3、严格检查材料的验收,确保材料的质量。3、Strictlychecktheacceptanceofmaterialstoensurethequalityofmaterials.5、严格按标准的要求组织材料的检验，材料的取样、试验操作均应符合标准要求。5、Strictlyaccordingtothestandardrequirementsoftheorganizationofmaterialinspection,materialsampling,testoperationsshouldbeinlinewiththestandardrequirements.4、实行材料的使用认证，严防材料的错用、误用。4、Implementthecertificationoftheuseofmaterialsandpreventthemisuseandmisapplicationofmaterials.材料控制的重点Materialcontrolfocus3、严格检查材料的验收,确保材料的质量。3、Strictlychecktheacceptanceofmaterialstoensurethequalityofmaterials.5、严格按标准的要求组织材料的检验，材料的取样、试验操作均应符合标准要求。5、Strictlyaccordingtothestandardrequirementsoftheorganizationofmaterialinspection,materialsampling,testoperationsshouldbeinlinewiththestandardrequirements.4、实行材料的使用认证，严防材料的错用、误用。4、Implementthecertificationoftheuseofmaterialsandpreventthemisuseandmisapplicationofmaterials.材料控制的重点Materialcontrolfocus1、材料质量标准：是用以衡量材料质量的尺度。不同材料有不同的质量标准。例如，水泥的质量保证有：细度、标准稠度用水量、凝结时间、体积安定性、强度等级等。1、Materialqualitystandard:Itisthemeasureusedtomeasurethequalityofthematerial.Differentmaterialshavedifferentqualitystandards.Forexample,thequalityassuranceofcementincludes:fineness,standardconsistencyofwaterconsumption,settingtime,bulkstability,strengthgrade,etc.2、材料质量的检验：是通过一系列的检测手段，将所取得的材料质量数据与材料的质量标准相对照，借以判断材料质量的可靠性,能否使用于工程中；同时，还有利于掌握材料的质量信息。2,materialqualityinspection:isthroughaseriesoftestingmeans,thematerialqualitydataobtainedandthematerialqualitystandards,soastodeterminethereliabilityofthequalityofmaterials,canbeusedintheproject;atthesametime,alsoconducivetomasteringthequalityofmaterialinformation.材料质量控制的内容Contentofmaterialqualitycontrol1、材料质量标准：是用以衡量材料质量的尺度。不同材料有不同的质量标准。例如，水泥的质量保证有：细度、标准稠度用水量、凝结时间、体积安定性、强度等级等。1、Materialqualitystandard:Itisthemeasureusedtomeasurethequalityofthematerial.Differentmaterialshavedifferentqualitystandards.Forexample,thequalityassuranceofcementincludes:fineness,standardconsistencyofwaterconsumption,settingtime,bulkstability,strengthgrade,etc.2、材料质量的检验：是通过一系列的检测手段，将所取得的材料质量数据与材料的质量标准相对照，借以判断材料质量的可靠性,能否使用于工程中；同时，还有利于掌握材料的质量信息。2,materialqualityinspection:isthroughaseriesoftestingmeans,thematerialqualitydataobtainedandthematerialqualitystandards,soastodeterminethereliabilityofthequalityofmaterials,canbeusedintheproject;atthesametime,alsoconducivetomasteringthequalityofmaterialinformation.材料质量控制的内容Contentofmaterialqualitycontrol2、材料质量控制的内容

Contentofmaterialqualitycontrol材料质量检验的方法有:书面检验、外观检验、理化检验、无损检验等.根据材料质量信息和保证资料的具体情况，其质量检验程度分为免检、抽检和全部检查等三种。根据材料质量检验的标准，对材料的相应项目进行检验，判断其是否合格。Themethodsofmaterialqualityinspectionare:writteninspection,appearanceinspection,physicalandchemicalinspection,non-destructiveinspection,etc.Accordingtothespecificsituationofmaterialqualityinformationandguaranteeinformation,thequalityinspectiondegreeisdividedintothreekindsofexemptions,randominspectionandallinspection.Accordingtothestandardsofmaterialqualityinspection,thecorrespondingitemsofthematerialareinspectedtodeterminewhethertheyarequalified.2、材料质量控制的内容

Contentofmaterialqualitycontrol3、材料的选用：其选择和使用的不当，均会严重影响工程质量或造成质量事故。为此，必须针对工程特点,根据材料的性能、质量标准、适用范围和对施工要求等方面进行综合考虑，慎重地选择和使用材料。3.Selectionofmaterials:Improperselectionanduseofmaterialscanseriouslyaffectthequalityoftheprojectorcausequalityaccidents.Forthisreason,itisnecessarytoselectandusematerialscarefullyaccordingtothecharacteristicsoftheproject,theperformanceofthematerials,thequalitystandards,thescopeofapplicationandtherequirementsforconstruction.施工机械是实施工程项目施工的物质基础，是现代化施工必不可少的设备。施工机械设备的选择是否适用、先进和合理，将直接影响工程项目的施工质量和进度，所以应结合工程项目的布置、结构型式、施工现场条件、施工程序、施工方法和施工工艺,控制施工机械型式和主要性能参数的选择，以及施工机械的使用操作,制定相应的使用操作制度并严格执行。Constructionmachineryisthematerialbasisfortheimplementationofconstructionprojectsandisanessentialequipmentformodernconstruction.Thechoiceofconstructionmachineryandequipmentissuitable,advancedandreasonable,willdirectlyaffecttheconstructionqualityandprogressoftheproject,soitshouldbecombinedwiththelayoutoftheproject,structuraltype,constructionsiteconditions,constructionprocedures,constructionmethodsandconstructiontechniques,controlthechoiceofconstructionmachinerytypeandmainperformanceparameters,aswellastheuseofconstructionmachineryoperation,thedevelopmentofthecorrespondinguseofoperationalsystemsandstrictimplementation.3、施工机械设备的控制

Controlofconstructionmachineryandequipment对生产机械设备的控制，主要是控制设备的检查验收、安装质量和试车运转。要求按设计选型购置设备；设备进场时，要按设备的名称、型号、规格、数量的清单逐一检查验收；设备安装要符合有关设备的技术要求和质量标准；试车运转正常,要能配套投产。Thecontrolofproductionmachineryandequipmentismainlytocontroltheinspectionandacceptance,installationqualityandcommissioningoftheequipment.Itisrequiredtopurchasetheequipmentaccordingtothedesign;whentheequipmentisdelivered,itshouldbecheckedandacceptedaccordingtothelistofthename,model,specificationandquantityoftheequipment;theinstallationoftheequipmentshouldcomplywiththetechnicalrequirementsandqualitystandardsoftheequipment;thetestrunshouldbenormalanditshouldbeabletobeputintoproduction.3、施工机械设备的控制

Controlofconstructionmachineryandequipment生产设备的检验要求如下：Theinspectionrequirementsforproductionequipmentareasfollows:3、施工机械设备的控制

Controlofconstructionmachineryandequipment1、对整机装运的新购机械设备，应进行运输质量和供货情况的检查。1.Fornewlypurchasedmachineryandequipmentshippedasawhole,thequalityoftransportandsupplyshouldbechecked.3、施工机械设备的控制

Controlofconstructionmachineryandequipment对有包装的设备，应检查包装是否受损；对无包装的设备,则可直接进行外观检查及附件、备品的清点。对进口设备，则要进行开箱全面检查，若发现设备有较大损伤,应作好详细记录或照相,并尽快与运输部门或供货厂家交涉处理。Forequipmentwithpackaging,itshouldbecheckedwhetherthepackagingisdamaged;forequipmentwithoutpackaging,itcanbedirectlyinspectedvisuallyandtheinventoryofaccessoriesandspareparts.Forimportedequipment,afullinspectionshouldbecarriedout,andiftheequipmentisfoundtobedamaged,detailedrecordsorphotographsshouldbetakenanddealtwithassoonaspossiblewiththetransportdepartmentorthesupplier.2、对解体装运的自组装设备，在对总成、部件及随机附件、备品进行外观检查后，应尽快组织工地组装并进行必要的检测试验。因为该类设备在出厂时抽样检查的比例很小，一般不超过3%左右，其余的只做部件及进口设备6—12个月；有合同规定者按合同执行。对进口设备,应力争在索赔期的上半月或至迟在9个月内安装调试完毕,以争取3—6个月的时间内进行生产考验，以便发现问题及时提出索赔.2.Forself-assembledequipmentdisassembledandshipped,afterthevisualinspectionofassemblies,componentsandrandomaccessoriesandspareparts,siteassemblyshouldbeorganizedassoonaspossibleandthenecessarytestingshouldbecarriedout.Becausetheproportionofthiskindofequipmentinthefactorysamplinginspectionisverysmall,generallynotmorethan3%,therestonlydopartsandimportedequipment6-12months;therearecontractualprovisionsaccordingtothecontractimplementation.Forimportedequipment,effortsshouldbemadetocompleteinstallationandcommissioninginthefirsthalfoftheclaimperiodoratthelatestwithin9months,inordertotestproductionwithin3-6months,sothatproblemscanbeidentifiedandclaimsmadeintime.3、施工机械设备的控制

Controlofconstructionmachineryandequipment3、工地交货的机械设备，一般都由制造厂在工地进行组装、调试和生产性试验,自检合格后才提请订货单位测试验收,待试验合格后，才能签署验收.3.Themechanicalequipmentdeliveredtotheconstructionsiteisgenerallyassembled,debugged,andtestedforproductionbythemanufacturingfactoryontheconstructionsite.Afterpassingtheselfinspection,itissubmittedtotheorderingunitfortestingandacceptance.Onlyafterpassingthetestcanitbesignedforacceptance生产设备的检验要求如下：Theinspectionrequirementsforproductionequipmentareasfollows:4、调拨的旧设备的测试验收，应基本达到“完好机械”的标准。全部验收工作，应在调出单位所在地进行，若测试不合格就不装车发运。4.Thetestingandacceptanceoftheallocatedoldequipmentshouldbasicallymeetthestandardof"intactmachinery".Allacceptanceworkshouldbecarriedoutatthelocationofthedispatchingunit.Ifthetestfails,itwillnotbeloadedandshipped.生产设备的检验要求如下：Theinspectionrequirementsforproductionequipmentareasfollows:5、对于永久性或长期性的设备改造项目，应按原批准方案的性能要求，经一定的生产实践并经鉴定合格后才予验收。5.Fo