卓越研究生英语（人文篇）综合教程2 课件 Unit 3 B2U3 Philosophy's pulse

Afterstudyingthisunit,youwillbeableto:illustratetheroleofphilosophyinlife,theinsightsofancientphilosophers,andtheessenceofChinesephilosophy;employthenote-takingmethodendorsedbyCornellUniversity;useamindmaptosynthesizeinformation;conductadebateonthebetterplacetolearnphilosophy.Whatarethebranchesofphilosophy?Brainstormandcompletethediagram.

Esthetics

Epistemology

Ethics

PhenomenologySocrates:AmanforourtimesWhatisphilosophyfor?

ThespiritofChinesephilosophyPhilosophywasoriginallyconcernedwitheverydaylifeanddiscussedhowpeopleshouldlive.Whatdoestheterm“philosophy”remindyouof?Watchthevideoandcompletethefollowingexercises.scripts1.Whatisthepurposeofphilosophy?CompletetheCornellnotesofthevideo.YoucanrefertotheAcademiclisteningskill.CuesNotesWhatisthemeaningofphilosophy?·Lovingwisdom·Attemptingto1)________________Whatarethefivethingsthat2)_____________________andwearenot?·Asking3)________________·Applyingreasoningto4)________________·Examiningourownminds·Makingourselveshappy·Recognizing5)__________________andwhatdoesn’tliveanddiewellphilosophersaregoodatbigquestionscommonsensewhatreallymatters1.Whatisthepurposeofphilosophy?CompletetheCornellnotesofthevideo.YoucanrefertotheAcademiclisteningskill.CuesNotesWhat

are

the

prospects

of

philosophy?·Gainingmorerecognition·Leadingustomeetmorephilosophersin6)________________SummaryPhilosophyisdedicatedtothepursuitofwisdomandbetterliving.Itencouragesdeepthinkingandself-exploration,andsuggestsahopefulfuture.dailylifeTheCornellnote-takingsystemwasinventedinthe1950sbyWalterPauk,aneducationprofessoratCornellUniversity.Itisspecificallydesignedtoprovideasystematicformatforcondensingandorganizingnoteswithoutlaboriousrecopying.TheCornellnote-takingsystemorganizesasinglepageintothreedistinctsections:Cues,Notes,andSummary.TheCuessectionispositionedontheleft-handsideofthepage,oppositetheNotessection.Thissectionisintendedforjottingdownquestionsthatyoudrawfromtheideasinyournotes,andthusshouldbefinishedwhenyoureviewwhatyou’verecorded.Writingquestionshelpsclarifymeanings,revealrelationships,establishcontinuity,andstrengthenmemory.TheCornellnote-takingsystemThelargerright-handsidesectionisusedduringthelecturetowritedowndetails,definitions,andothersignificantpointsinaformatthatmakessensetothenote-taker.Thenotesshouldbeconciseandmayincludebulletpoints,diagrams,orshorthand,dependingonwhatbestaidsunderstandingandrecall.AtthebottomofthepageistheSummarysection.Itisreservedforsummarizingtheentirepageofnotes.Afterthelecture,condensingthemainpointsandideasintoafewsentencescanhelpsolidifyunderstandingandquicklycommunicatetheessenceofthematerialcovered.TheCornellnote-takingsystem2.Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).1)（）Mostofusloseconfidenceinansweringbigquestionslike“What’sthemeaningoflife?”.2)（）Mostofthetimephilosophersareconcernedwiththelogicalbasisofaconcept,butsometimestheyacceptaconceptblindly.3)（）Wesometimesoverestimatethecontributionofthingslikegoingforawalk,whichindeedhasnothingtodowiththecharacterofexistence.4)（）TheStoicphilosopherZeno’sreactiontolosinghispossessionsexemplifiesthephilosophicalattitudeoffocusingonwhattrulymatters.5)（）Inthepastphilosophywasregardedasanunusual,esotericactivity,ratherthanasanormal,basicone.TFFTF3.

Answerthequestions.Regardingthefivethingsthatphilosophersaregoodatandwearenot,whichoneisthemostcriticalinthecontemporaryworld?Why?Doyouagreewiththestatementthat“Beingwisemeansattemptingtoliveanddiewell”?Whyorwhynot?1.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewords.Wordsandphrases

irrelevantsubmitunderestimateencumberedabnormaloptional1)Lastweekthephilosopher_____________hisgroundbreakingtheoryonexistentialismtotheacademicjournalforpeerreviewandpublication.2)Variousphilosophicalissuesthatmightinitiallyappear_____________canoftenrevealdeeperinsightsintohumannature.3)Theirstudydelvesintothe_____________aspectsofhumanexistence,exploringthemesofalienationandthesearchformeaninginanabsurdworld.submittedirrelevantabnormal1.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewords.Wordsandphrases

irrelevantsubmitunderestimateencumberedabnormaloptional4)Philosophyprovidesuswiththe_____________toquestionsocietalnorms,promptingustocriticallyexamineourbeliefsandvalues.5)_________________thecontributionsofancientphilosophycancauseonetomisscrucialinsightsintohumannature.6)Engagingwithphilosophymayattimesbe_____________,butperseveringthroughthesechallengesmayleadtopersonalgrowth.optionUnderestimatingencumberedSocrates:AmanforourtimesSocrateshasalwaysbeenregardedasanepoch-makingfigureinthehistoryofancientGreekphilosophy.Whatdoyouknowaboutthismanandhisphilosophy?Forcloseonhalfacenturythismanwasallowedtophilosophizewithoutrestrictiononthestreetsofhishometown.(Para.2)Meaning:Foralmost50years,thismanenjoyedthefreedomtosharehisthoughtsonthestreetsofhishometown.closeon:almost几乎，差不多Researchersarecloseonfindingacommongroundbetweendeontologicalandconsequentialistethicaltheories.philosophize:vi.(~about/onsth.)totalkaboutsth.inaseriousway,esp.whenotherpeoplethinkthisisboring高谈阔论；郑重论述Duringtheseminar,studentswereencouragedtophilosophizeabouttherelationshipbetweenfreewillanddeterminisminhumanactions.2.Andsuddenlythephilosopher’sbrightideas,hiseternalquestions,hisuniqueandunusualways,startedtojar.(Para.2)Meaning:Suddenly,peoplestartedfeelingbotheredbythephilosopher’scleverideas,constantquestions,andstrangebehavior.jar:v.

(~onsth.)

tohaveanunpleasantorannoyingeffect（对…）产生不快的影响；使烦躁Thenewinterpretationofmetaphysicalprinciplesseemedtojarontheclassicalviewsheldbymanyscholars.3.Puttingasidehispersistentpositionintheglobalroll-callofcivilization’sgoodandgreat,whyshouldwecareaboutthiscurious,clever,condemnedGreek?(Para.5)Meaning:Let’signorehisfamousplaceintheworldhistory.ThenwhyshouldwebeinterestedinthisGreek?Heiscuriousandclever,butoftenfacescriticismfromothers.put

aside:totrytostopthinkingaboutaproblem,argument,ordisagreement,becauseyouwanttoachievesth.忘记；不考虑；搁置Putasidethethoughtofunfinishedtasksforamoment,andlet’sappreciatethebeautyofthesunsetfromanaestheticperspective.roll-call:n.[C,U]theactofreadingoutanofficiallistofnamestocheckwhoisthere点名Atthestartofeachphilosophyclass,theteacherconductsaroll-calltomarktheattendanceofstudents.4.Althoughsomeintheregionwillinglytookupthisnewideaofdemocraticpolitics,otherswereforcedbyAthenstoloveitatthepointofasword.(Para.6)Meaning:Somepeopletherelikedthenewdemocraticidea,butothersaccepteditunderpressurefromAthens.atthepointofasword:throughtheuseofthreatoractualforce在剑尖的威胁下；在武力威胁下Duringthattime,ethicalprinciplesweredefendedatthepointofasword,withtheethicistaddressingmoraldilemmasunderthreat.5.Whenpsychologiststodaytalkofthedangerforthenextgenerationoftoomuchkeyboardandtextingtime,Socrateswouldhaveflashedoneofhisfrustrating“Itoldyouso”smiles.(Para.10)Meaning:Ifpsychologiststodaywarnaboutthedangeroftoomuchkeyboardandtextingtimeforthenextgeneration,Socrateswouldprobablysmileandsay,“Itoldyouso.”flashasmile(atsb.):tosmileatsb.quicklyandforashorttime向…微微一笑Whenheentered,sheflashedasmile,sparkingthoughtsabouttheessenceofontologyinhishead.6.AndalthoughAthensadoredthenotionoffreedomofspeech,thepopulationhadyettoresolvehowfarfreedomofexpressionratifiedafreedomtooffend.(Para.11)Meaning:Athenslovedfreedomofspeech.Buttowhatdegreedidfreedomofspeechincludetherighttoupsetothers?Theydidn’tsettlethisissue.resolve:vt.(fml.)tofindanacceptablesolutiontoaproblemordifficulty解决（问题或困难）Theteamvowedtoresolvethecomplexitiesofphenomenologybystudyingthestructuresofexperienceandconsciousness.ratify:vt.tomakeanagreementofficial正式批准；使正式生效Thephilosophyassociationhasratifiedcomprehensivemoralguidelines,incorporatingthemintotheirethicalstandards.7.Nottohidebehindthehatredoftheherd,theroarofthecrowd,buttoaim,hardasitmightbe,towardthegoodlife.(Para.14)让步状语从句hardasitmightbeMeaning:Donothidewiththegroup’shateorlistentotheloudcrowd.Striveforagoodlife.Itmaybedifficult,butitistheintendedgoal.herd:n.[C](usu.disapproving)alargegroupofpeopleofthesametype人群；芸芸众生Aherdoftouristswerediscussingtheethicalimplicationsofpreservinghistoricallandmarksamidsturbandevelopment.NotesTheconcessiveclause“hardasitmightbe”providesadditionalinformationabouttheaction“toaim.”Itmeans“eventhoughitisverydifficult”or“acknowledgingthehighlevelofdifficultyinvolved.”Readingandunderstanding1.Socratestirelesslypursuedtheessenceofexistence,andhisphilosophicalcontributionsstillprovidedeepinsightsfortoday’sworld.Readthetextandcompletethemindmap.YoucanrefertotheAcademicreadingskill.Socrates:AmanforourtimesInspiringyoungmentoimitatehis1)____________________anddrawingpeoplefromallwalksoflifeTalkingabouthisideasfreelyonthestreetsArguablybeingthetruefatherof2)____________________BeingthesonofastonemasonandgrowingupinasuburbofAthensBeing3)_________________,witharoundbelly,swivelingeyes,andhairyhandsProbablysufferingfromcatalepsystrictandsimplehabitsWesternthought(disturbingly)uglyReadingandunderstanding1.Socratestirelesslypursuedtheessenceofexistence,andhisphilosophicalcontributionsstillprovidedeepinsightsfortoday’sworld.Readthetextandcompletethemindmap.YoucanrefertotheAcademicreadingskill.Socrates:AmanforourtimesQuestioning4)_______________toanideologywhentheideaofdemocraticpoliticswasintroducedExpressingdeepregretwhen5)________________convictedhisguiltValuing6)_____________________asvitalastheairwebreatheExploringthemeaningoflifeand7)_________________________Understandingandlovingtheworld,insteadofmerelycatalogingitStrivingtoknowourselvesandaimtoward8)____________blindobediencerumorandgossipthepursuitofknowledgethemeaningofourownlivesthegoodlifeAmindmapisapowerfultechniquethathelpsindividualssynthesizeinformation.Itcancondensecomplexdetailsintoaclearvisualformat.Youmayrefertothefollowingguidelines.HighlightandannotatekeypointsSearchforthekeyfacts,arguments,orotherimportantideaspresentedbytheauthor.Useahighlightertomarktheseelements.Atthesametime,writeconcisenotesinthemarginandsummarizethesekeypointsinyourownwords,annotatingthetextwithyourpersonalreactionsorthoughts.UsingamindmaptosynthesizeinformationMakeconnectionsIdentifyrelevantthemes,patterns,claims,oroutcomes,aswellasanyvariances.Considerhowtheseideasmightrelatetoeachother,usingyourannotationasaguide.Askyourselfsomequestions:Doesoneideasupportorcontradictanother?Doesonepointleadtotheconclusionorrecommendationmadeinthetext?Aredifferentpointsraisedtoprovidedifferentperspectivesonthesameissue?Drawarrowsorlinestovisuallylinkrelatedideas.DrawamindmapPlacethecentralideaatthecenterandtherelatedsubtopicsaroundit,linkedbybranches.Addmorespecificdetailsundereachsubtopic,branchingoutfurther.Usedifferentcolors,symbols,arrows,orimagestodistinguishbetweendifferenttypesofinformation.Usingamindmaptosynthesizeinformation2.Decideonthebestchoiceforeachquestion.______1)WhydidSocratesbecomefamousthroughouttheMediterranean?A)Herefusedtocooperatewiththelocalauthorities.B)Hehadlonghair,torncloaks,andswivelingeyes.C)Hechallengedthecustomsandtraditionsofhiscity-state.D)Hisquestwasradical,charismatic,andcounterintuitive.D2.Decideonthebestchoiceforeachquestion.2)WhatdidSocratesrelyonforhispersonalpiety?A)Otherphilosophers’advice.B)Publicreligiousrituals.C)His“innervoice.”D)TraditionalgodsofAthens.______C2.Decideonthebestchoiceforeachquestion.3)WhatsocietalchangeswasAthensundergoingduringthetimeofSocrates?A)Scientificandtechnologicalrevolution.B)Asuddendeclineinreligiousproprieties.C)Beingoverrunbyitsenemies.D)Experiencingrapidurbanization.______C2.Decideonthebestchoiceforeachquestion.4)WhichofthefollowingcorrespondswithSocrates’view?A)Lifeisnotworthlivingifitisunexamined.B)Thepurposeoflifeistoachievesuccess.C)TheMediterraneanisthebestplacetofindbreadandwine.D)Lifeismoreaboutpersonalhappinessthananythingelse.______A3.Answerthequestions.Howdoyouunderstand“themeaningoflife”and“themeaningofourownlives?”ThetextprovidesuswithavividportraitofSocrates.Inwhatwayisitdifferentfromorsimilartoyourimaginationofthephilosopher?ThinkofthemeaningofSellars’claimandshareyourideas.ThinkingbeyondWilfridStalkerSellarswasasystematic,original,andprofoundAmericanphilosopher.Hewasbestknownforhiscritiqueoftraditionalphilosophicalconceptionsofmindandknowledge.Inhisessay“PhilosophyandtheScientificImageofMan,”heclaimedthattoachievesuccessinphilosophywouldbeto“knowone’swayaround”withrespecttoallthethings.HowdoyouthinkthestoryofSocratesillustratesthisclaimmadebySellars?1.Fillintheblanksbyselectingsuitablewordsfromthewordbank.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsmorethanonce.Makechangeswherenecessary.BankedclozePhilosophy,withitsricharrayofideasandprofoundinquiries,captivatesthecuriousmind.Itgoesbeyondthelimitsoftraditionalthinking,challengingustodelvebeneaththesurfaceandunravelthemysteries.Navigatingthetreacherousterrainofknowledgeandunderstanding,philosophy,likea(n)1)_____________guide,beckonsustoembarkonajourneyofknowledgeexploration.exhortationobsessedswampdebilitatingglitteringcrumbleadorechaoscharismaticplagueprovocativelyconvicttraumatizearguablysinistercharismatic1.Fillintheblanksbyselectingsuitablewordsfromthewordbank.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsmorethanonce.Makechangeswherenecessary.BankedclozeThroughphilosophy,weconfrontthecomplexitiesofhumannatureandstrivetoresolvethemoralquandariesthat2)_____________ourworld.Itoffersusalensthroughwhichwecanengagewithvariousideologiesandexamineourownbeliefs,values,andbiases,articulatingacoherentworldviewthatcorrespondswithreasonandcompassion.Philosophyencouragesusto3)_____________wisdomandtruth,urgingustotranscendsuperficialityandembracethedepthsofintellectualinquiry.Wemaybecome4)_____________withunderstandingthefundamentalprinciplesthatgovernourexistence,constantlyseekingtounravelthe5)_____________tapestryofknowledgethatphilosophyreveals.exhortationobsessedswampdebilitatingglitteringcrumbleadorechaoscharismaticplagueprovocativelyconvicttraumatizearguablysinisterplagueadoreobsessedglittering1.Fillintheblanksbyselectingsuitablewordsfromthewordbank.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsmorethanonce.Makechangeswherenecessary.BankedclozePhilosophydoesnotexistinisolation.Itexistswithinthebroadercontextofsociety,wherepolitical,social,andeconomicforcesoften6)_____________thepursuitoftruth.Inthissocietalframework,thedriveforunderstandingcansometimesclashwiththeseforces.Thequestforknowledgecanbeovershadowedbytheallureofpower,wealth,andinstantgratification.Withthepillarsofsociety7)_____________undertheweightoftheirowncontradictions,philosophybecomesallthemorecrucial,guidingustowardapathofintrospectionandcriticalthinking.exhortationobsessedswampdebilitatingglitteringcrumbleadorechaoscharismaticplagueprovocativelyconvicttraumatizearguablysinisterdebilitatecrumbling1.Fillintheblanksbyselectingsuitablewordsfromthewordbank.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsmorethanonce.Makechangeswherenecessary.BankedclozeBycourtesyofphilosophy,wedevelopthetoolsnecessarytotraversethemazeofconflictingideologiesandfindclarityamidstthe8)_____________.Itequipsuswiththeskillstoanalyzearguments,challengeassumptions,andavoidbeing9)_____________byconventionalideas.Philosophyempowersustoconstructasturdyintellectualframework,allowingustoexploretheever-changinglandscapeofhumanthought.Inanutshell,throughphilosophyweilluminatethepathtowardwisdom,cultivatingadeeperunderstandingofourselves,ourworld,andourplacewithinit,10)_____________becomingmoremindfulandenlightenedindividualsintheprocess.exhortationobsessedswampdebilitatingglitteringcrumbleadorechaoscharismaticplagueprovocativelyconvicttraumatizearguablysinisterchaosswampedarguably2.Rewritethefollowingsentencesbyusing“whereas.”Structure1)Manyseephilosophyasabstractandtheoretical.Philosophyoftenhaspracticalapplicationsinethicsandlaw,influencingsocietalnormsandlegislation.(emphasizethelattersentence)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Model:AllreligionwaspublicinAthens.Socratesseemedtoenjoyapeculiarkindofprivatepiety,relyingonwhathecalledhis“innervoice.”(emphasizethelattersentence)WhereasallreligionwaspublicinAthens,Socratesseemedtoenjoyapeculiarkindofprivatepiety,relyingonwhathecalledhis“innervoice.”_______________Whereasmanyseephilosophyasabstractandtheoretical,itoftenhaspracticalapplicationsinethicsandlaw,influencingsocietalnormsandlegislation.Structure2)Epistemologytreatsknowledgeasafluidconcept,subjecttocontinuousrefinementandreevaluation.Traditionalthoughtmightviewknowledgeasastaticentity.(emphasizetheformersentence)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3)Popularmoralitymightjudgeactionsbyintent.Consequentialistethicaltheoriesproposethatonlyanaction’soutcomesdeterminetheirmorality.(emphasizethelattersentence)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Whereastraditionalthoughtmightviewknowledgeasastaticentity,epistemologytreatsitasafluidconcept,subjecttocontinuousrefinementandreevaluation.Whereaspopularmoralitymightjudgeactionsbyintent,consequentialistethicaltheoriesproposethatonlyanaction’soutcomesdeterminetheirmorality.

ThespiritofChinesephilosophyExploringtherichhistoryofChina,wefinditteemingwithbrilliantmindsthathaveprofoundlyinfluencedthecountry.CanyoulistsomesignificantChinesephilosophersanddiscusstheirphilosophicalthoughts?ToWesterners,whoseethelifeoftheChinesepeopleasbeingpermeatedwithConfucianism,itappearsthatConfucianismisareligion.(Para.2)Meaning:WesternersoftenseeChineselifeasbeingdeeplyinfluencedbyConfucianism,viewingitalmostasareligion.bepermeatedwith:tobethoroughlypenetrated,infused,orsaturatedwithanotherelement,substance,orquality渗透；充满Theairwaspermeatedwiththefreshscentofpinetrees,creatingacalmingandaestheticallypleasingatmosphere.2.WhatIcallphilosophyinvolvessystematicallyandthoughtfullyreflecting

onlife.(Para.3)Meaning:Philosophy,tome,meansthinkingcarefullyanddeeplyaboutlife.involve:vt.tohaveasanecessaryfeature涉及；包含Asuccessfulprojectinvolvesethicaldecision-makingandresponsiblebehavior,ensuringallteammemberscontributefairlyandtransparently.reflecton:tothinkcarefullyanddeeplyaboutsth.认真思考Afteralongdayatwork,sheenjoyssittingquietlytoreflectonherlife’seventsandtheirdeepermeaning.3.Theyearningforsomethingthattranscendsthepresent,actualworldisoneoftheinnatedesiresofmankind,andtheChinesepeoplearenoexceptiontothisprecept.(Para.6)Meaning:Peoplenaturallylongforsomethingbeyondtheircurrentreality.TheChinesepeoplesharethisuniversalfeelingtoo.yearning:[C,U](fml.)(~forsb./sth.)(~todosth.)astrongandemotionaldesire渴望；向往Thephilosophersfeltadeepyearningforadventureanddreamedoftravelstoplacestheyhadneverbeenbefore.3.Theyearningforsomethingthattranscendsthepresent,actualworldisoneoftheinnatedesiresofmankind,andtheChinesepeoplearenoexceptiontothisprecept.(Para.6)transcend:vt.

(fml.)tobeorgobeyondtheusuallimitsofsth.超出，超越（通常的界限）Truecreativityhasthepowertotranscendboundaries

byencouragingdialecticalthinkingandbridgingdiverseviewpoints.precept:n.[C,U](fml.)aruleabouthowtobehaveorwhattothink（思想、行为的）准则，规范Thegoldenrule“treatothersasyouwanttobetreated”isatimelesspreceptguidingmoralbehaviorinmanycultures.4.ThepurposeoftheformeriswhatIcalltheincreaseofpositiveknowledge;thatofthelatteristheelevationofthemind.(Para.7)Meaning:Theformerisaboutgainingmoreusefulinformation;thelatterisaboutimprovingone’smentalcapabilities.elevation:n.[C,U]

(fml.)anincreaseintheamountorlevelofsth.Theconsistenteffortinherstudiesledtoanelevationinheracademicperformance,securingheraplaceamongthetoprankholders.5.AccordingtoChinesephilosophers,itisnothinglessthanbeingasage,andthehighestachievementofasageistheidentificationoftheindividualwiththeuniverse.(Para.9)Meaning:AccordingtoChinesephilosophers,beingasageisthehighestgoalforaman,andthehighestgoalforasageismergingwiththeuniverse.nothing

less

than:quitethesameas与…完全相同Standingatopthemountain,theadventurerfeltnothinglessthanaprofoundspiritualawakeningasthesunrisepaintedthesky.identification

with

sb./sth.：theprocessofmakingacloseconnectionbetweenonepersonorthingandanother密切关联；紧密联系Theartist’sworkreflectsastrongidentificationwithnature,capturingitsserenityandpowerineverybrushstrokeanddetail.6.SomeadherentsofDaoismbelievethatlifeisanexcrescence,andthusdeathistobetakenasthebreakingoftheexcrescence.(Para.9)Meaning:SomeDaoismbelieversseelifeasatumor.Theyseedeathasthebreakingofthetumor.adherent:n.[C](fml.)apersonwhosupportsaparticularsetofideas（思想的）拥护者，追随者，信徒AsanadherentofStoicism,thewomanpracticesself-controlandresilience,findingpeaceinacceptinglife’schallenges.excrescence:n.[C](fml.)sth.thatisbad,unnecessaryorugly累赘；多余物Toenhancespiritualgrowth,thementoradvisedremovinganymentalexcrescenceandfocusingoninnerpeace.7.Alltheseideasrepresentaviewwhichentailsseparationfromwhatmaybecalledtheintricatenetofthematter-corruptedworld;andtherefore,ifthehighestachievementofasageistoberealized,thesagehastoabandonsocietyandevenlifeitself.(Para.9)Meaning:Accordingtotheseideas,wisepeopleneedtoseparatethemselvesfromthemessy,materialworld.Inordertoachievethehighestwisdom,wisepeoplemustleaveeveryoneandeverything,evenlife.entail:vt.toinvolvesth.thatcannotbeavoided需要；使必要；牵涉Studyingdialecticsentailsdiscussionsandanalysestounderstandthecontradictionsanddynamicswithinideasandphenomena.matter-corrupted:a.

notgoodorpurebecauseoftoomuchfocusonphysicalstufforwrongvalues被物欲腐化的Thegirlfeltoverwhelmedbythechaosofthematter-corruptedcity,yearningforthesimplicityandtranquilityofnature.AnalysisofChinesephilosophyInfluence·PhilosophytoChinesecivilizationisas1)__________________________.·Philosophyhasbeenaconcernfor2)___________________,fromancienttimestotodayConfucianismandDaoism·Philosophyinvolves3)____________________________thatgeneratestheoriesoflife,theuniverse,andknowledge.·Religioninitsessenceisaphilosophywithsome4)________________,suchasdogmasandrituals.·Confucianismisnotareligion.·Daoismcanworkeitherasaphilosophy(daojia)orareligion(daojiao).1.ChinesephilosophyembodiesthewisdomofChinesecivilization.Readthetextandcompletethediagram.reflectiveness/reflectivethinkingsuperstructurereligiontoothercivilizationseveryeducatedpersonAnalysisofChinesephilosophy5)_________·Chinesephilosophyservesfor6)_______________________:transcendingthepresentworldandfosteringhighervalues.Tasks·Other-worldlyphilosophyseeks7)________________fromthematerialworldandthis-worldlyphilosophydiscussesonly8)________________;Chinesephilosophystrivesto9)_____________________outofthesetwopersp