2024-2025学年新疆喀什地区英吉沙县多校高二上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1新疆喀什地区英吉沙县多校2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAucklandUniversityOnlineEducation—WhattoExpectMostAucklandUniversity(AU)onlineprogramsare100percentonlinesothatstudentsdonotcometotheschoolcampus.Instead,AUhasdesignedamedia-rich,easy-to-uselearningenvironmentthroughaLearningManagementSystem(LMS).·Discipline(纪律)Withdisciplinedworkhabits,youarelikelytosucceedasanonlinestudent.Itisuptoyoutologontoyourcourseandmeetyourowndeadlines.·TimeManagementInordertoearncompetitivegrades,planonspendingaminimumof20—25hoursaweekoneachcourse.AUcoursesoperateonaseven-weekschedule,withstartdatesinJanuary,March,May,July,SeptemberandNovember.Studentsareabletocompletetwocoursespersemesterbytakingoneseven-weekcourseatatime.·ProfessionalConnectionsManyoftheAUfaculty(教员)whoteachonlinehaveconnectionstoindustry,sotheonlinelearningenvironmentensuresaccesstodiverseexpertiseandpractice.Itincludesanextensivenetworkofprofessionalsinavarietyofindustries.“IworkasanITmanager.Andrightfromtheverybeginning,everyclassItookwasrelevanttowhatIwasdoingatwork.Thewiderangeofcoursesgavemeastrongfoundationformycareerdevelopment.”—JimHeilman,ComputerInformationSystemsgraduate·TechnologyItgoeswithoutsayingthattechnologyplaysavitalroleinonlinelearning.Youwillneedahigh-speedInternetconnectionandbasiccomputerskills.Forspecifics,pleaseclickheretovisitourTechnologypage.1.Howlongdoesittaketocompleteonecourse?A.Sevenweeks. B.Onesemester.C.Severalmonths. D.Atleast20—25hours.2.WhatisthepurposeofmentioningJimHeilman?A.Torecognizeanexcellentgraduate.B.Tosetagoodexampletootherlearners.C.Toprovebenefitsofprofessionalconnections.D.Toshoweffectivemethodsofonlinelearning.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Acoursebrochure. B.Acollegewebsite.C.Anacademicmagazine. D.Anonlineadvertisement.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了奥克兰大学开设的网上学习课程的基本信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据TimeManagement部分中“AUcoursesoperateonaseven-weekschedule,withstartdatesinJanuary,March,May,July,SeptemberandNovember.（奥克兰大学的课程安排为七周，开学日期为1月、3月、5月、7月、9月和11月。）”可知，学完一门课程的学习需要七周的时间。故选A项。【2题详析】推理判断题。根据JimHeilman说的话“IworkasanITmanager.Andrightfromtheverybeginning,everyclassItookwasrelevanttowhatIwasdoingatwork.Thewiderangeofcoursesgavemeastrongfoundationformycareerdevelopment.（我是一名IT经理。从一开始，我上的每一门课都与我的工作相关。广泛的课程为我的职业发展奠定了坚实的基础。）”可知，JimHeilman认为通过奥克兰大学提供的课程，他学到了与专业相关的知识，对职业发展很有帮助。由此推知，文章提到JimHeilman是为了证明课程与职业相联系的好处。故选C项。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了奥克兰大学开设的网上学习课程的基本信息。结合Technology部分中“Forspecifics,pleaseclickheretovisitourTechnologypage.（详情请点击这里访问我们的技术页面。）”可知，文章是展示在网页上的。由此推知，文章应该是出自大学的网页。故选B项。BIboughtseveralpacksofseeds,24smallplasticseedpots,plantfertilizerandpottingsoil.Imadesurethesoildidn'tcontainaddedfertilizer.IwantedsomethingthatIcouldgrowquickly,thatwouldn'ttakeupalotofspaceandthatwouldn'tgettoobig.IranthisexperimentinearlyfallinMaryland.SoIknewIneededaplantthatcouldgrowwhenit'scool.Ipickedradishes(小萝卜),whichgrowwellintheearlyfallorspring.Somevarietiescangrowafullradishinonly21days.Ikept12ofthepotsandonepackofseedsformyself.Igavetheother12potsandtheotherpacketofseeds—alongwithsomefertilizerandsoil—tomyeditor,Sarah.Thiswastoprovideanadditionalcontrolforlocation.Afterall,whatifmyyardjusthappenstobemuchbetterforgrowingplants?Whatifit'sworse?BydividingtheplantsupbetweenmyyardandSarah's,Ihopedtomakesurethatanydifferencewiththeplantscamefromthefertilizer.SarahandIplantedourseeds.Sometimes,seedsdon’tsprout(发芽).Sowecarefullyplantedfourevenly(相等地)spacedseedsineachpot.Sixofmypots(andsixofSarah’s)servedascontrols—potsthatwouldnotgetfertilizer.Ourothersixweretreatedwithfertilizer.Foreachofus,thisaddedupto24controlseeds,and24seedsthatwouldgetfertilizer.Wewateredalltheplantsequallywithcleanwatereveryotherday(unlessitrained).Onceaweek,weappliedfertilizertohalfthepots.Wealsotookpictureseveryday,sowecouldseetheplantschangeovertime.AsIexpected,manyofourseedsdidn'tsprout.Infact,onlyaboutafourthofminesprouted.Sarahhasagreenerthumb.Shesuccessfullygrewhalfofhers.4.Whydoestheauthorwanttogrowsuchaplant?A.Toenjoyit. B.Tomakeitverycool.C.Totakeupmorespace. D.Tomakeanexperiment.5.Indieauthor’sview,what’sthedifferenceofplantsSarahandshegrow?A.Fromthefertilizerused. B.Fromthedifferentway.C.Fromthedifferentsoil. D.Fromtheseedsused.6.Whatcanwegetfromparagraph3?A.Theexperimentissuccessful. B.Theauthorisrespectfultohereditor.C.Theauthorisconsiderate. D.Theprocessoftheexperimentiscomplex.7.WhatdoyouthinkofSarah?A.She'sfondofgrowingplants. B.She'ssmarterthantheauthor.C.Shehasagiftedforgrowingplants. D.She'sadevotedandfriendlywoman.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述在院子种植植物的全过程以及与同事萨拉的种植对比来说明自己要做的一个实验，并以此来说明科学种植的重要性。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“IranthisexperimentinearlyfallinMaryland.SoIknewIneededaplantthatcouldgrowwhenit’scool.(我在马里兰州的初秋做了这个实验。所以我知道我需要一种能在凉爽时生长的植物)”可知，作者种植这样一种植物是为了想要在秋季做实验，故选D项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“BydividingtheplantsupbetweenmyyardandSarah's,Ihopedtomakesurethatanydifferencewiththeplantscamefromthefertilizer.(通过把我的院子和萨拉的院子分开种植，我希望确保这些植物的不同来自于肥料)”可知，作者认为主要是肥料的使用带来差异。故选A项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段的描述“SarahandIplantedourseeds.Sometimes,seedsdon’tsprout(发芽).Sowecarefullyplantedfourevenly(相等地)spacedseedsineachpot.Sixofmypots(andsixofSarah’s)servedascontrols—potsthatwouldnotgetfertilizer.(莎拉和我种下了种子。有时，种子不会发芽。所以我们小心翼翼地在每个花盆里种了四颗均匀间隔的种子。我的六个花盆（还有萨拉的六个）作为对照——不施肥的花盆)”可知，作者与同事Sarah对种子进行了细致的分配，而且用两种方法进行种植。由此推知，作者是一个考虑周到的人。故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sarahhasagreenerthumb.(萨拉擅长种植)”可推知，作者的朋友萨拉在种植植物方面有一定的能力。故选C项。CThreescientistswhostudiedhowcellssenseandadapttooxygenlevelshavebeenawardedtheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine.WilliamG.Kaelin,Jr.oftheDana-FarberCancerInstituteandHarvardUniversity,SirPeterJ.RatcliffeofOxfordUniversityandtheFrancisCrickInstitute,andGreggL.SemenzaofJohnsHopkinsUniversitywerejointlyawardedtheprize.“Themeaningfuldiscoveriesbythisyear’sNobelwinnersshowedlife’smostadaptiveprocesses,”RandallJohnson,amemberoftheNobelAssemblyatSweden’sKarolinskaInstitutesaid.“Thethreephysiciansfoundthemolecularswitch(分子开关)thatregulateshowourcellsadaptwhenoxygenlevelsdrop.”“Cellsandtissuesareconstantlyexperiencingchangesinoxygenavailability,”Johnsonsaid.“Asanembryo(胚胎)growsanddevelops,andasmuscleswork,theoxygenavailablechangesasthetissuesthemselveschange.Cellsneedawaytoadjusttotheamountofoxygentheyhave,whilestilldoingtheirimportantjobs.”Thecommitteesaidthatthediscoveriesarevitalforphysiologyandcouldexploitnewstrategiestofightanemia,cancerandmanyotherdiseases.KaelinwasborninNewYorkandreceivedanM.D.fromDukeUniversity.HedidhisspecialisttrainingininternalmedicineandoncologyatJohnsHopkins,Baltimore,andattheDana-FarberCancerInstitute,Boston.RatcliffewasborninLancashire,theUnitedKingdom,andstudiedmedicineatGonvilleandCaiusCollegeatCambridgeUniversityanddidhisspecialisttraininginnephrologyatOxford.HeisthedirectorofclinicalresearchattheFrancisCrickInstituteinLondonandamemberoftheLudwigInstituteforCancerResearch.SemenzawasborninNewYork.HeobtainedaB.A.inbiologyfromHarvardandhisM.D.fromtheUniversityofPennsylvania.HedidhisspecialisttraininginpediatricsatDukeUniversity.HeisthedirectoroftheVascularResearchProgramattheJohnsHopkinsInstituteforCellEngineering.8.Whatcanweknowaboutthethreescientists?A.Theystudieddifferentfields.B.Theysharedoneprize.C.Theyresearchedheartdisease.D.Theyfoundthefunctionofembryos.9.WhatdidJohnsonthinkofthediscoveries?A.Important. B.Meaningless.C.Interesting. D.Disappointing.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exploit”inparagraph4mean?A.Develop. B.Handle. C.Stress. D.Follow.11.Whatdothelastthreeparagraphsmainlytalkabout?A.Thethreescientists’achievements.B.Theinfluenceofthediscoveries.C.Theexamplesetbythethreescientists.D.Theintroductionofthethreescientists.【答案】8.B9.A10.A11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的三位科学家。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据首段首句“ThreescientistswhostudiedhowcellssenseandadapttooxygenlevelshavebeenawardedtheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine.”（三位研究细胞如何感知和适应氧气变化机制的科学家被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖）可知，三位科学家共享了诺贝尔奖，故选B项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段首句““Themeaningfuldiscoveriesbythisyear’sNobelwinnersshowedlife’smostadaptiveprocesses,”RandallJohnson”（RandallJohnson说：“今年诺贝尔奖获得者的重大发现显示了生命最具适应性的过程”）可知，他认为这项发现是重要的，故选A项。【10题详析】词义猜测题。根据第四段“Thecommitteesaidthatthediscoveriesarevitalforphysiologyandcouldexploitnewstrategiestofightanemia,cancerandmanyotherdiseases.”（委员会说这项发现对生理学至关重要，能够exploit新的策略来对抗贫血、癌症和其他疾病）可知，此处表示“产生新的方法”之意，develop“开发”符合，故选A项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。纵观最后三段可知，主要介绍了三位科学家的出生地、求学和工作等相关信息，故选D项。DDevelopedbyUScompanyOpenAI,ChatGPThasgotviral,winning100millioninternetuserssinceitcameoutinNovember2022.Peoplecanasktherobottowritestoriesandemails,createinstructionsforcookingacertainfood,translatelanguages,andanswerallkindsofquestions.Initsownwords,itis“alanguagemodeltrainedinalargeamountofinternettexttohelpusersgethuman-liketext.”Therearemanybenefitsofdrinkingplentyoffluids,butthekeybenefitswhenitcomestoyourfitnessare:keepingyourbodyatpeakperformance,deliveringnutrientstoyourbodyandregulatingyourComparedwithSiriorotherchatbots,ChatGPTusesamuchbiggerinformationcenterfortraining.Italsousesstrongersoftwareandhardwaretolearnthingsbyitself.Forexample,ifitprovidesawronganswertoyourquestion,youcantellittherightoneanditwillcorrectitself.“It’satotallydifferentchatbot,”computerscientistLiuXiaoguangfromNankaiUniversitysaid.“TheknowledgelevelChatGPTshowsisthesameasauniversitystudent.That’swhyitshockedtheworld.”ButonebigproblemwithChatGPTisthatitmakesmistakesorevengivesfalseinformation.WhenRezza,a28-year-oldfromIndonesia,usedtherobottowriteanpassage,it“gaveoutmanyexampleswhichotherwritersactuallyhadn’tmentionedatall”,hetoldalocalnewspaper.Sincetherobotistrainedusingwordsfromtheinternet,itcanalsopickupbiases(偏见)aboutcertaingroups.Theseareallthingsthatneedtobedealtwith.12.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartmeaninParagraph1?A.Doneharmtotheinternet. B.Broughtstrongwindandheavyrain.C.Becomepopularovernight. D.Causedseriouschangesoftheweather.13.WhydidChatGPTshocktheworld?A.Itcanfindmistakesbyitself.B.Itworksdifferentlyfromotherchatbots.C.ItsinformationcenteriseasiertocontrolthanSiri’s.D.Itsknowledgelevelisashighasauniversitystudent.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.ChatGPTneedsimprovement. B.Anybodymaygivefalseinformation.C.Anybodycanmakemistakes. D.ChatGPTcan’tgetonwellwithhumans.15.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?A.ChatGPTisComing! B.ChatGPTisCatchingtheWorld’sEyes!C.CanChatGPTTakethePlaceofHumans? D.CanChatGPTAvoidBiasesProperly?【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了聊天机器人ChatGPT自推出以来已经席卷了互联网，赢得了1亿用户，还介绍了它的功能和存在的问题。【12题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“winning100millioninternetuserssinceitcameoutinNovember2022.(自2022年11月推出以来，已经获得了1亿互联网用户)”可知，由美国公司OpenAI开发的ChatGPT在网络上获得了巨大的成功，由此可推知，gotviral与C项“一夜成名”意思相近。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“TheknowledgelevelChatGPTshowsisthesameasauniversitystudent.That’swhyitshockedtheworld.(ChatGPT显示的知识水平与大学生相同。这就是它震惊世界的原因)”可知，ChatGPT震惊世界的原因是它的知识水平和一个大学生一样高。故选D。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ButonebigproblemwithChatGPTisthatitmakesmistakesorevengivesfalseinformation.(但ChatGPT的一个大问题是它会出错，甚至给出错误的信息)”和“ Theseareallthingsthatneedtobedealtwith.(这些都是需要处理的问题)”可知，从最后一段我们可以知道ChatGPT需要改进。故选A。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“DevelopedbyUScompanyOpenAI,ChatGPThasgotviral,winning100millioninternetuserssinceitcameoutinNovember2022.(ChatGPT由美国公司OpenAI开发，自2022年11月推出以来，走红网络，已经获得了1亿互联网用户)”以及文章主要介绍了聊天机器人ChatGPT自推出以来已经席卷了互联网，获得了巨大的成功，还介绍了它的功能和存在的问题。由此可知，B项“ChatGPT正在吸引全世界的目光！”是最好的标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everynewpersonaddedtotheplanetneedsfood,water,clothes,andsoon.___16___Thosethingsrequireextranaturalresources，includinglandandwater.ButEarth’srichesarelimited.Lessthan1percentofEarthswatercanbeusedfordrinkingandwashing.Oneoutofeverythirteenpeoplearoundtheworlddoesnotalwayshaveenoughcleanwater.___17___.Toomanypeopleareusingtoomuchwater,especiallyinthealreadydryareasofthesouthwesternUnitedStates.Foodshortages(不足)areevenmorecommon.Worldwide,oneoutofeverysevenpeopledoesnotgetenoughtoeat.___18___.Overtime,thesoillosesitsnutrients(营养）andthefarmlandbecomesuselessforgrowingfood.Astheworldbecomesmorecrowded(拥挤的），morelandisneededtomakewayforgrowingcities.___19___.That’saproblembecausetreeshelptakeinagascalledcarbondioxide.Humansproducecarbondioxidebyburningcoalandoil.Fewertreesmeanmorecarbondioxideintheatmosphere.ThebuildupofcarbondioxidetrapsheatandpollutionaboveEarth.___20___,althougheverypersonusestheplanet'sresources.Therichestbillionpeople,Americansespecially,usethemostresources.Theyalsoproducethemostwaste.A.ForestsareclearedawayB.SomepeopleusealotmorethanothersC.WatershortageshavehitmanypartsoftheworldD.WaterpollutionisaseriousprobleminsomeareasE.MoretreesshouldbeplantedtohandleairpollutionF.HugeneedsforfoodforcefarmerstooverusetheirlandG.Morepeoplemeanmorecars,roads,schools,hospitals,andstores【答案】16.G17.C18.F19.A20.B【语篇解读】本文为议论文。主要论述了世界上由于人口的增加，对自然资源的需求也增加，导致粮食短缺在世界非常普遍。【16题详析】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。空格的上句“每个新出生的人都需要食物、水、衣服等等”以及下句“这些东西需要额外的自然资源，包括土地和水”。分析选项，可知“与需要自然资源，包括土地和水”有关的选项是G项（更多的人意味着更多的汽车、道路、学校、医院和商店）。更多的汽车、道路、学校、医院和商店意味着需要更多的自然资源，包括土地和水。因此G项与本空格内容一致。故选G。【17题详析】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。空格的上句“世界上每十三个人中就有一个人并不总是有足够的干净的水用”以及空格的下句“太多的人正在使用太多的水，特别是在美国西南部已经干旱的地区。”可知，水资源非常短缺会影响到世界许多地方，尤其是干旱地区。分析选项可知C项（水资源短缺已经影响到世界许多地方）与此意义一致，故选C。【18题详析】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。本空所在的第二段的第一句是中心句“Foodshortages(不足)areevenmorecommon”。分析选项可知F项与本段有词的复现“Food”，与粮食需要有关。以及空前的“Worldwide,oneoutofeverysevenpeopledoesnotgetenoughtoeat.”可知，粮食短缺，有许多人吃不饱。因此农民过度使用土地以增加对粮食的需求。分析选项可知F项（对粮食的巨大需求迫使农民过度使用土地）符合题意，故选F项。【19题详析】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空后的“That’saproblembecausetreeshelptakeinagascalledcarbondioxide…Fewertreesmeanmorecarbondioxideintheatmosphere.”可知，森林减少了，吸收的二氧化碳就少了。分析选项可知A项（森林被清除了）符合题意，故选A。【20题详析】考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。根据空后的“althougheverypersonusestheplanet'sresources.Therichestbillionpeople,Americansespecially,”尽管每个人都使用地球的资源，但最富有的人尤其是美国人用的最多。可知，世界上有些人比其他人用的更多。分析选项可知B项（有些人比其他人使用更多）符合题意，故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lastweek,Tomandhismotherwenttoarestauranttocelebratehisfifthbirthday.Whenheandhismotherweretalkingthere,awaitress____21____curiouslyfromadistance.Eventually,thewaitressrealizedthatthemomwastalkinginsignlanguagetoherlittleboywhoalsohad____22____aidsinhisears.Whenthewaitress____23____thatitwasTom’sbirthday,shedecidedtogivetheboyaspecialgift.ShewenttotheInternetand____24____howtosay“happybirthday”insignlanguage.Shequicklygotalltherulesdown.Then,shewentuptoTom’stableand____25____tohim,“Happybirthdaytoyou!”Tomandhismotherwerereally____26____Later,Tom’smomsaidthiswasthefirsttimehehad____27____insignlanguagewithpeopleotherthanherandhisteacher.Itwasasimplephrase____28____itwasanimportantgiftforTom.Sheaddedthatthe____29____fromthewaitressmadeherverymoved.“Thankstothe_____30_____waitress,hisfifthbirthdayisonethatwewill_____31_____foralifetime,”themomsaid.“Myboywasalwaysworriedthathewouldappearvery_____32_____whenhewastalkinginsignlanguage.Today,hesawthatsomeone_____33_____triedtotalktohiminhis_____34_____language.It’svery_____35_____forhim.”21.A.commented B.sang C.concluded D.watched22.A.walking B.reading C.hearing D.speaking23.A.admitted B.learned C.expected D.imagined24.A.adjustedto B.lookedup C.reflectedon D.wentwith25.A.signed B.pretended C.shouted D.whispered26.A.frightened B.hurt C.confused D.impressed27.A.studied B.taught C.talked D.settled28.A.and B.so C.or D.but29.A.gift B.apology C.benefit D.explanation30.A.silly B.impatient C.kind D.clever31.A.work B.celebrate C.enjoy D.remember32.A.noisy B.funny C.cool D.excited33.A.angrily B.actually C.shyly D.casually34.A.special B.formal C.secret D.official35.A.difficult B.free C.important D.useless【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.B25.A26.D27.C28.D29.A30.C31.D32.B33.B34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位好心的餐馆服务员为了给有听力障碍的五岁男孩Tom一个特殊的生日祝福而临时学习手语的故事【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他和母亲在那里谈话时，一个女服务员在远处好奇地观察着。A.commented评论；B.sang唱；C.concluded总结；D.watched观察。根据下文“Eventually,thewaitressrealizedthatthemomwastalkinginsignlanguagetoherlittleboywhoalsohad________aidsinhisears.(最后，女服务员意识到这位母亲是在用手语和她的小儿子说话，而他的耳朵上也戴着助听器)”可知，Tom听力有障碍，不能用正常的语言交流，所以用手语和母亲交谈，服务员很好奇地观察（watched）他们。故选D项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，女服务员意识到这位母亲是在用手语和她的小儿子说话，而他的耳朵上也戴着助听器。A.walking走路；B.reading阅读；C.hearing听力；D.speaking说话。根据句中的signlanguage和inhisears可知，Tom用手语交流，耳朵里戴有助听器(hearingaid)。故选C项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当女服务员得知今天是汤姆的生日时，她决定给这个男孩一份特别的礼物。A.admitted承认；B.learned得知；C.expected预期；D.imagined想象。根据第一段中“Lastweek,Tomandhismotherwenttoarestauranttocelebratehisfifthbirthday.(上周，汤姆和他妈妈去一家餐馆庆祝他的五岁生日)”以及本句中shedecidedtogivetheboyaspecialgift可知，女服务员得知（learned）那天是Tom的生日，所以决定给他一份礼物。故选B项。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她上网查找如何用手语说“生日快乐”。A.adjustedto调整到；B.lookedup查找；C.reflectedon反省；D.wentwith陪伴。根据下一句“Shequicklygotalltherulesdown.(她很快就把所有的规则都记下来了)”可知，女服务员上网学习手语，查找（lookedup）并记住了“生日快乐”的手语表达。故选B项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，她走到汤姆的桌子前，用手势对他说：“祝你生日快乐！”A.signed打手语；B.pretended假装；C.shouted大喊；D.whispered低语。根据上文“ShewenttotheInternetand________howtosay‘happybirthday’insignlanguage.Shequicklygotalltherulesdown.(她上网查询如何用手语说‘生日快乐’。她很快就把所有的规则都记下来了)”可知，因为Tom用手语和人交流，女服务员来到Tom的桌前用手语说（signed）：“祝你生日快乐！”故选A项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：汤姆和他的母亲对此印象深刻。A.frightened受惊的；B.hurt受伤的；C.confused困惑的；D.impressed印象深刻的。根据下文“Later,Tom’smomsaidthiswasthefirsttimehehad________insignlanguagewithpeopleotherthanherandhisteacher.(后来，汤姆的妈妈说，这是他第一次和除了她和老师之外的人用手语交谈)”可知，用手语和Tom交流的人只有老师和母亲，第一次有其他人用手语和Tom交流，还祝福Tom生日快乐，所以母子俩人对此印象深刻（impressed）。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，汤姆的妈妈说，这是他第一次和除了她和老师之外的人用手语交谈。A.studied学习；B.taught教；C.talked谈话；D.settled定居。根据句中的insignlanguagewithpeople可知，此处表示用手语与他人交谈（talked）。故选C项。【28题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：这是一个简单的短语，但对汤姆来说却是一份重要的礼物。A.and和；B.so所以；C.or或；D.but但。上下文形成转折关系，需用but连接。故选D项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，服务员送的礼物让她很感动。A.gift礼物；B.apology道歉；C.benefit好处；D.explanation解释。根据上文“Itwasasimplephrase________itwasanimportantgiftforTom.(这是一个简单的短语，但对汤姆来说却是一份重要的礼物)”可知，此处为gift的复现。故选A项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“多亏了这位好心的服务员，他的五岁生日是我们一辈子都会记得的，”这位母亲说。A.silly愚蠢的；B.impatient不耐烦的；C.kind好心的；D.clever聪明的。根据上文“Whenthewaitress________thatitwasTom’sbirthday,shedecidedtogivetheboyaspecialgift.ShewenttotheInternetand________howtosay‘happybirthday’insignlanguage.Shequicklygotalltherulesdown.Then,shewentuptoTom’stableand________tohim,‘Happybirthdaytoyou!’(当女服务员得知今天是汤姆的生日时，她决定给这个男孩一份特别的礼物。她上网查询如何用手语说‘生日快乐’。她很快就把所有的规则都记下来了。然后，她走到汤姆的桌子前，用手势对他说‘祝你生日快乐！’)”可知，女服务员得知有听力障碍的Tom过生日，特意学习手语祝他“生日快乐”，她是一个好心人。故选C项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“多亏了这位好心的服务员，他的五岁生日是我们一辈子都会记得的，”这位母亲说。A.work工作；B.celebrate庆祝；C.enjoy享受；D.remember记得。根据上文“Tomandhismotherwerereally________(汤姆和他的母亲对此印象深刻)”以及本句中的foralifetime可知，Tom在五岁生日时接收到的这份祝福将是母子俩一辈子都会记得（remember）的美好经历。故选D项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我儿子总是担心自己用手语说话时会显得很滑稽。A.noisy吵闹的；B.funny滑稽的；C.cool酷的；D.excited兴奋的。根据上文“Later,Tom’smomsaidthiswasthefirsttimehehad________insignlanguagewithpeopleotherthanherandhisteacher.(后来，汤姆的妈妈说，这是他第一次和除了她和老师之外的人用手语交谈)”可知，平时用手语和Tom交流的人只有老师和母亲，Tom与他人不用手语交流，是因为自己决定手语会让他看起来很滑稽（funny），这是令他担心的事。故选B项。【33题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：今天，他看到有人竟然试图用他的特殊语言和他说话。A.angrily生气地；B.actually竟然；C.shyly害羞地；D.casually随便地。根据语境，表示想法与事实不一致因而惊奇，可用actually表达，意为“竟然”。故选B项。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：今天，他看到有人竟然试图用他的特殊语言和他说话。A.special特殊的；B.formal正式的；C.secret秘密的；D.official官方的。Tom用的手语，特殊的（special）语言，为听力障碍人士所用。故选A项。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对他来说非常重要。A.difficult困难的；B.free免费的；C.important重要的；D.useless无用的。根据上文“Later,Tom’smomsaidthiswasthefirsttimehehad________insignlanguagewithpeopleotherthanherandhisteacher.(后来，汤姆的妈妈说，这是他第一次和除了她和老师之外的人用手语交谈)”以及“Myboywasalwaysworriedthathewouldappearvery________whenhewastalkinginsignlanguage.Today,hesawthatsomeone________triedtotalktohiminhis________language.(我儿子总是担心自己用手语说话时会显得很滑稽。今天，他看到有人真的试图用他的特殊语言和他说话)”可知，女服务员用手语和Tom交流，颠覆了Tom以往的认知，所以这一点对他而言非常重要（important）。故选C项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。StephenHawkingisregardedasthemostbrilliantphysicist,cosmologist,authorand____36____(direct)ofresearchsinceEinstein.Disabledasheis,heisoptimisticaboutlife.____37____(bear)in1942inBritain,hehadtositinthewheelchairattheageof21withonlythreeof____38____(he)fingersandtwoeyes____39____(move)freely.In1963,Hawkingcontractedmotorneuronedisease(运动神经元疾病)andwasjustgiventwoyears____40____(live).YethewentontoCambridgetobecome____41____brilliantresearcherandProfessorialFellowatGonville&CaiusCollege.In1985,he____42____(lose)hisspeakingabilityduetoanoperation.However,Hawkinghasmadegreatcontributions____43____scienceovertheyearsinthewheelchair.____44____impressesmemostishisfamoussaying,“Lifewouldbetragicifitweren’tfunny.”Fromhisexperience,IrealizeIwouldcherishwhatIhavegotandfaceoncomingchallenges_____45_____(brave).That’sall.Thanksforlistening.【答案】36.director37.Born38.his39.moving40.tolive41.a42.lost43.to44.What45.bravely【语篇解读】这是一篇发言稿。文章介绍了史蒂芬·霍金虽然身体残疾，但是通过努力，最终成为自爱因斯坦以来最杰出的物理学家、宇宙学家、作家和研究主任的故事。【36题详析】考查名词。句意：史蒂芬·霍金被认为是自爱因斯坦以来最杰出的物理学家、宇宙学家、作家和研究主任。由并列and可知空处要使用表示职业或头衔的名词与上文physicist、cosmologist和author并列。故填director。【37题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1942年出生于英国，21岁时，他不得不坐在轮椅上，只有三根手指和两只眼睛可以自由移动。分析句子结构，空处需要填非谓语动词，表被动，即“被生于”，故需要用bear的过去分词形式。故填born。【38题详析】考查代词。句意：1942年出生于英国，21岁时，他不得不坐在轮椅上，只有三根手指和两只眼睛可以自由移动。分析句子，空处需要用形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰其后的名词fingers。故填his。【39题详析】考查非谓语动词，句意：1942年出生于英国，21岁时，他不得不坐在轮椅上，只有三根手指和两只眼睛可以自由移动。空处为非谓语动词作with复合结合中宾语补足语，与其逻辑主语twoeyes之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词表主动。故填moving。【40题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1963年，霍金患上运动神经元病，只能再活两年。分析句子可知，wasgiven是本句谓语，故空处要用非谓语动词作定语，表将来，故需要填提示词的不定式形式。故填tolive。【41题详析】考查冠词。句意：然而，他去了剑桥，成为了一名杰出的研究员和网维尔凯斯学院的教授研究员。可数名词researcher在句中表示“一名研究员”，泛指，用不定冠词修饰，又因brilliant发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a限定。故填a。【42题详析】考查动词时态。句意：1985年，由于一次手术，他失去了说话的能力。提示词是句中谓语动词，与主语之间是主动关系，由时间状语“In1985”可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。故填lost。【43题详析】考查介词。句意：然而，多年来霍金在轮椅上为科学做出了巨大贡献。makecontributionstosth.为固定搭配，意为“为……做出贡献”。故填to。【44题详析】考查主语从句。句意：给我印象最深的是他的名言，“如果生活不是有趣的，那它将是悲剧”。分析句子结构可知，“impressesmemost”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“(给我印象最深的)的事情”，应用连接代词what引导该从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填What。【45题详析】考查副词，句意：从他的经历中，我意识到我会珍惜我所拥有的，勇敢地面对即将到来的挑战。空处修饰动词face用副词bravely，意为“勇敢地”。故填bravely。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假如你是李华，你的英国朋友杰克（Jack）将要来中国留学，因此想了解一些中国的肢体语言。请你用英语给他写封邮件，介绍一些日常的肢体语言。要点如下：1、表达“你好”或“再见”的肢体语言；2、表达“是”和“否”的肢体语言；3、表达“感谢”和“尊重”的肢体语言。注意：1．词数80字左右；2．不要逐字翻译要点；3．请顺着所提供的开头语，开始你的写作。DearJack,HearingthatyouwillcometoChina,I’mwritingtoextendmywarmestwelcomeand___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【参考范文】DearJack,HearingthatyouwillcometoChina.I’mwritingtoextendmywarmestwelcomeandsharesomethingaboutbodylanguageinChinawithyou.InChina,wewaveourhandstosay“hello”or“goodbye”,andweusuallygreetourguestsbyshakinghandswiththem.Likeinmanycountries,wenodourheadstosay“yes”andshakeourheadstosay“no”.Webowtoshowgreatthankstoothers.AndmakingeyecontactwhiletalkingwithothersisasignofrespectinChina.Ihopetheinformationabovewillbehelpfultoyou.Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Oneafternoonafterschool,Maryandherbrother,Keith,wereeatingatacafeneartheirhome.Thatafternoon,theyhadtosharetheirtablewithanotherperson.Thatpersonwasayoungladyinhertwenties.Aftereating,shewenttotherestroom.Withoutrealizing,shehadlefthercellphoneonthetable.Fiveminuteslater,shecameoutandwalkedoutofthecafewithoutlookingback.Marysawthecellphoneonthetable.ShequicklytoldKeith,“Keith,thegirlleftbehindhercellphone.”Keithlookedatthecellphone.Ittookhisbreathaway.Itwasoneofthelatestmodelsonthemarket.Keithhadalwayswantedacellphone.Buthisparentshadtoldhim,“Youdon’tneedone.Youcanalwaysusethehousephone.”Hestaredatitforsomeminutes.Then,hesaidslowly,pausingoneveryword,“Iwanttotakethecellphone.”Marycouldnotbelieveherears.Sheonlystaredatherbrother,“Youcan’t!Whatiftheownercomestolookforit?”Aftermakingthedecision,Keithquicklygotthecellphoneandputitinhisschoolbag.Then,hetookMar