河南省郑州外国语中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试（1-7班）英语试卷（含答案）

第第页河南省郑州外国语中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末考试（1-7班）英语试卷一、阅读理解(20小题,每小题2分,共40分)根据材料内容选择最佳答案。www.rosiebridgeschool.orgItisnecessaryformiddleschoolstudentstolearnsometeamskillslikedevelopingrelationships,communicatingwellwithothersandworkingoutproblems.Herearetwofunteamactivitiesforstudentstodeveloptheirteamskills.Activity1:WaterRelay(接力赛)Tools:Twolargebucketsareusedtoholdwater.Oneisatthefrontandtheotherisattheback.Eachteammemberneedsasmallbucket.Instructions:Fillonelargebucketwithwater;Makeholesatthebottomofthesmallbuckets;Teammemberslineupbetweenthetwolargebuckets;Usesmallbucketstopassthewaterfromonelargebuckettotheother.TrytokeepasmuchwateraspossiblewithinagiventimeWhyitisFUN:Itisfuntoworkoutawaytoloseaslittlewateraspossible.Itiswater!Isn'titfuntogetwetonahotsummerday?Activity2:TruthandLieTools:Notoolsarerequired.Instructions:Teammemberssittogether.Haveeachteammemberthinkofthreepiecesofinformationaboutthemselves,andoneofthemisalie.Eachteammembertellsthegroupallthethreepiecesofinformation.Lettheotherteammembersguesswhichisthelie.WhyitisFUNStudentslovetalkingaboutthemselvesandthisgivesthemachancetodoso.Memberscanlearnabouteachother.Memberswillbesurprisedatsomefactsaboutthespeakers.Ifyouareinterestedinthegames,clickhereandjoinus.1．Whowillprobablytrytheseactivities?A．Sally,aged3,beingcrazyaboutwatergamesB．Monty,aged13,beinggoodatrunningC．Tony,aged33,beinggoodatcommunicatingD．Mike,aged53,beinginterestedinwritingteenstories2．Iftwoteamsofsixstudentstakepartinthewaterrelaytogether,howmanysmallbucketsdotheyneedintotal?A．8. B．12 C．14. D．16.3．WhichisNOTmentionedabouttheactivityofTruthorLie?A．Theycanlearnhowtotelllies.B．Theycantalkaboutthemselves.C．Membersmaygettoknoweachotherbetter.D．Membersmayfindsomethingunexpectedaboutothers.4．Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromthepassage?A．Summerisagoodtimetohavethewaterrelay.B．Studentshavenoteamskills.C．Studentstelllotsoflies.D．Peoplehavetogotoclassestolearntodotheseactivities.5．Wherecanyoumostprobablyfindthisarticle?A．Inalocalnewspaper. B．Onateenwebsite.C．Inasportsmagazine D．Onaschoolposter根据材料内容选择最佳答案。OnMonday,IstoppedmycarinfrontofmydaughterJuliet'smiddleschool.Shejumpedinthefrontseat,feelingdown.Sheaskedmetohelpherstudyforhersciencetest."Dad,Ineedtomemorize(记住)aunitabouttheReproductiveCycleofPlants.AndIcanhardlymakeit.""Youknowmemorizingseemslikethebestwaytostudy,butinfactyoucandobetterintestsifyouworkontryingtounderstandthematerial(材料)."Julietwasopentomyadvice.ItwasMondayafternoonandwehadtwonightstostudybeforethetestonWednesday.Isuggestedaplan."Tomorrownight,youaregoingtoteachthematerialtome.Tonight,readtheunit.Preparetoteach."AskinghertoteachmewasanunusualideabutIdecidedtodoit.Studiesshowteachingsomebodyelseisaveryusefulwaytolearn.Evenifyoudon'tdotheteaching,theactofpreparingtoteachleadstomoreleaningthanjusttryingyourbesttomemorizethematerial.OnTuesdayafternoon,Julietsatdownwithhersciencebookfacingmeandsaid,"OkayDad,let'sstudy."Iwantedhertoteachme.Butfalsestarts(起步失误)happened.Icouldn'tbetoohardonher.Soinsteadwestartedwithmeaskinghersomesimplequestions.Sheknewsomebutnotothers.Whenshedidn'tknowtheanswers,Iencouragedhertocheckthebook.Shestartedcheckingthingsthatshedidn'tunderstand.Andshewasactivelytryingtotestherunderstanding.Iwashappytoseeit.Shewasn'tmemorizing,shewastryingtounderstandthings,whichwasexactlywhatIhadhopedshewoulddo.6．WhydidJulietfeeldown?A．Becauseshefailedhersciencetest.B．Becauseshehadtroublememorizingaunit.C．Becausesheknewnothingaboutplanting.D．Becauseshecouldn'tunderstandherteacher.7．Inthewriter'sopinion,whichwasthekeytobestlearning?A．Memorizing B．Testing C．Questioning. D．Understanding8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph5referto?A．makinghercheckthebookB．usingsimplequestionstotestherC．encouraginghertoreadtheunitD．askinghertoteachmetheunit9．Howdidthefatherfeelwhenfalsestartshappened?.A．patient B．worried C．nervous D．tired10．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AHardworkingFather B．AnUnexpectedTestC．LearningfromTeaching D．PreparingforTeaching根据材料内容选择最佳答案。Timeflieswhenyouplayonyoursmartphone.Butwhenyougetdowntotherealbusinessofworkandstudy,onehourfeelslikeayear.Whyarewesoattractedbysmartphonesbuteasilyboredbystudying?Itallboilsdowntosomethingsmallandhardtosee:dopamine(多巴胺).Dopamineisa"pleasurechemical"thatmakespeoplefeelgood.Ourbrainsgiveitoutwhenweeatyummyfood,afterweexerciseorwhenwegetaprize.Comparedwithstudying,playingonsmartphonescausesourbrainstogiveoutmoredopamine.Forexample,checkingyourphoneforatextleadstoa400%increaseindopamine.Butwhy?Whenwevisitsocialmediaonthephone,wedon'tknowwhatwe'llseenext,orwhowillgiveopinionsaboutthingswepost(发布).This"magicofmaybe",makesthedopaminesystemactive.Wegetexcitedwonderingifwehavemessagesfromourfriends.Whenourexpectationsaremet,dopamineisgivenout.Andtofindmoredopamine,wecontinuecheckingourphones.Studyingdoesn'tprovidesuchmagic.Withoutthisexcitement,wegetboredmuchmoreeasily.Canwedosomethingtochangethat?Accordingtoscientists,appscanbecomelessattractiveifweturnoffnotifications(通知)orchangethescreencolorstoblackandwhite.Wecanalsosettimelimits(限制)onappstoavoidusingthemtoomuch.Asforstudying,youcouldcheckyourprogressdailyorweeklyandreward(奖励)yourselfforit,saidDanielWong,writerofTheHappyStudent.Youcouldalsosearchforinterestingtopicsconnectedwithyourtextbook.Usewhatyou'velearnedtomakeaninfluenceintherealworld.Thiswillmakeknowledgemuchmoreinterestingtolearn.11．Accordingtothearticle,whatarestudentslikewhentheystudy?A．Theygetveryattracted.B．Theyaregettinghappier.C．Theyfeeltimepassmoreslowly.D．Theirbraingivesoutmoredopamine.12．Whatmightthephrase"boilsdownto"meaninParagraph2?A．worksout B．findsout C．leadsto D．resultsfrom13．Whendopeoplehavemoredopamine?A．Whentheyknowwhatwillhappennext.B．Whentheystayinafamiliarenvironment.C．Whentheirexpectations(期望)aremet.D．Whentheysleepinbed.14．WhatisParagraph4about?A．Itintroducesawaytogetmoremessagesfromourfriends.B．Itgivesanexampleofspendingtimehappilyonsocialmedia.C．Itdescribeshowscientistsdiscoverthewaydopamineworks.D．Itexplainswhyplayingonsmartphonescausesmoredopamine.15．What'sDanielWong'sadviceonmakinglearninginteresting?A．Settingtimelimitsoneverythingyoudo.B．Stoppingplayingonyoursmartphone.C．Usingwhatyoulearnfromtextbookstodothingsinreallife.D．Readingtheinterestingpartinyourtextbooksbeforereadingtheothers.根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整。Wemayfeelangryorguilty(内疚的)aboutthethingswedidordidn'tachieve,aboutthethingswecan'thave,andmanyotherthings.16．Overtime,theycanbeheavyweightsonourshoulders.Thesebademotionsdon'tdoanythinggoodforusatall.Soyoumightaskyourself-isitpossibletoputdownthisheavyweightandgiveyourselfabreak?Itisquitepossible.17．Howdotheygetinsideofus?Whydowecarrythemforsolonginsteadofputtingthemdown?Canwelivewithoutthem?Bythinkingaboutourbademotions,wecanfindhealthywaystodealwiththem.Unhealthybehaviors(行为)arenotthewaytodothis.Theyprovidenobetterfeelings.18．Oneofthebestwaysisforgiveness(原谅).19．Weshouldforgiveourselvesfirstandthenforgiveotherswhohavemadeusguiltyorangry.Thisisnotalwayseasy.Butwhenwelearntoforgiveourselves,itbecomeseasiertoforgiveothersaswell.Thereisnothinggoodaboutcarryingyearsofemotionalweights.Byforgivingourselvesandothers,wecandropourheavinessandfeelbetteraboutourselves.20．Andyou'llbemuchhappierwithyourlife.A.Forgivenessisagreattool.B.Instead,therearebetterwaystofacethem.C.Butguiltcannothelpus,angercan't,either.D.Startbylookingatyourfeelingshonestly.E.Themomentyoudothis,you'llfeelmuchlighter.二、完形填空(15小题,每小题1分,共15分)先通读短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。Onthewayhomefromschool,Jackalwayspassesapark.Hismothersaiditwas21．.topassbytheparkatnight,butitisthefastestwayhome.WheneverJackfeels22．.followinghim,healwaysrunsasfastashecan.Today,afterfinishingsoccerpractice,Jackwaswalking23．.theparkgateasusual.Suddenly,Jackheardsomeone24．him,"Excuseme!"Jackturnedaround,andtherewasanoldwoman."Yes,ma'am."Jackansweredpolitely."Don'tpassbytheparktonight."Hervoicewasweakand25．."Okay,ma'am,"saidJackcarelessly.TheoldwomanheldJack'shandstrongly,andsaid,"I26．.it!"Jackfeltthe27．onhisneckstandup.Assoonastheladyletgoofhishand,hestartedtorun.Thistime,heransofastthathedidn'thavetimetothink28．hewasgoing.Whenhestopped,he29．hewasinthemiddleofthepark.Herememberedwhattheoldwomanhadsaid.30．itwastoolate.Hethought,"ItwouldbeokayifIrunreallyfast."Suddenly,heheardsomeonescream(尖叫).Jackwastoofrightenedtowonderwho31．was.Hebreathedasdeepaspossible.Thescreamingcontinued.Heheardsomefastfootstepscomingnear,sohe32．.Itwastheoldlady!Shewalkedtowardhim,andshouted"Itoldyounottocomehere!"Frightenedtodeath,Jackscreamed33．andranhomelikeanarrow(箭).Hethoughtheheardnotonlytheoldlady,butalsosomeotherpeopleshoutingathim,anditmadehimmore34．.AssoonasJacksawhismother,Jacksaid,"Mom!Doyouknowwhatjusthappenedatthepark?"Jack'smother35．andsaid,"Yes,Iknow.Agroupofpeoplearemakingamovietonightinthepark"21．A．strange B．dangerous C．funny D．interesting22．A．someone B．anyone C．noone D．everyone23．A．in B．across C．past D．toward24．A．helping B．watching C．stopping D．calling25．A．sweet B．dry C．pleasing D．exciting26．A．show B．make C．mean D．say27．A．hairs B．dirt C．scarf D．button28．A．how B．what C．where D．why29．A．realized B．learned C．forgot D．imagined30．A．or B．but C．and D．so31．A．he B．she C．it D．thevoice32．A．camearound B．hungaroundC．ranaround D．turnedaround33．A．sharply B．slowly C．angrily D．softly34．A．excited B．surprised C．scared D．tired35．A．nodded B．refused C．wondered D．agreed三、语篇填空(15小题,每小题1分,共15分)第一节阅读短文,从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。阅读短文,从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。turn,before,success,tell,close,compete,well,try,be,run,Iwascyclingandsawapersonabout250metersaheadofme.Icould36．hewascyclingalittleslowerthanmeandIdecidedtotrytocatchupwithhim.Ihadaboutakilometertogoontheroad37．Iturnedofftheroad.Istartedcyclingfasterandfaster,soIgotjustalittlebit38．tohim.AfterafewminutesIwasonlyabout100metersbehindhim,soIreallypickedupthepace(速度)and39．mybest.Finally,Icaughtupwithhimandpassedhim.Ontheinside,Ifeltsogood.I"beathim",buthedidn'tevenknowwe40．racing.AfterIpassedhim,IfoundthatIhadmissedmy41．,hadgonesixblockspastitandhadtoturnaroundandgoallthewayback.Isn'tthatwhathappensinlifewhenweracewithothers,tryingtooutdothemortryingtoshowthatwearemore42．ormoreimportant?Wespendourtimeandenergy43．afterthemandwemissoutonourownpaths.Theproblemwithunhealthy44．isthatit'sanever-endingcycle.Therewillalwaysbesomebodyaheadofyouinonewayoranother.Whatyoushoulddoisjusttorunyourownraceandwishothers45．.Whereveryougo,nomatterwhattheweatherislike,alwaysbringyourownsunshine.四、语篇填空(15小题,每小题1分,共15分)第二节阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一次。阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一次Pinyinisamoderninvention.Itwasinventedin195846．helpilliterate(不识字的)Chineselearnhowtoread.Itworkedoutquitewell.Lotsofpeoplelearnedtoreadquicklywiththehelpofpinyin.Pinyinhasbeenuseful47．otherways,too.IthelpstodeveloptheuseofstandardChinese,orMandarin,sothatpeoplewhospeakdifferentdialects(方言)canstillunderstandeachother.Italsomakes48．mucheasiertotypeChinesecharactersoncomputersandcellphones.Pinyinisalsofindingitsplaceinotherlanguages.TheOxfordEnglishDictionarynowincludesmorethan100pinyinexpressions,suchasjiaozifor"dumplings"49．zhongguomengfor"Chinesedream".ForeignmediasometimesusepinyininreportsaboutChina.Now,pinyinisnotonlyalanguagetool,butalso50．culturalbridgethatconnectsChinatotheworld.五、补全对话(5小题,每小题2分,共10分)根据下面的对话情景,在每个空白处填上一个合适的句子,使对话的意思连贯、完整。A:Whatseemstobetheproblem,kid?B:I'vegotasorethroat,arunnynose,andaheadache.A:51．?B:Fortwodays,maybe,sinceIfinishedschoolthedaybeforeyesterday.A:Openyourmouthandsay"ah…".B:52．?A:No,nothingserious,justacold.53．.B:Thanks.ButI'malwaysweak,canyougivememoreadvice?A:54．?B:Thatsoundswonderful,I'llhaveatry.A:Great!Holdontoit,andyoumaybecomestronger.B:Thankyouforyouradvice.A:55．.六、书面表达(20分)56．某英语杂志社以"我做家务，我快乐"为主题向中学生开展征文活动。请你根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，进行投稿。要点：

1.分享你最难忘的一次做家务的经历以及这次劳动后的感受；

2.表达你对家务劳动的认识(至少两点)并发出倡议。要求：

1.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名；

2.词数90左右。

答案解析部分【答案】1．B2．B3．A4．D5．B【解析】【分析】本文介绍了发展中学生团队技能的两项有趣的团队活动。

【点评】考查阅读理解。注意先通读全文，理解文章大意，然后阅读题目，再返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。1．推理判断题。根据Itisnecessaryformiddleschoolstudentstolearnsometeamskills…Herearetwofunteamactivitiesforstudentstodeveloptheirteamskills.可知，本文介绍了发展中学生团队技能的两项有趣的团队活动。由此可推知，可能尝试这些活动的是13岁的Monty。故选B。2．数字计算题。根据文章Activty1一栏下Tools部分第一句和第三句Twolalrgebucketsareusedtoholdwater.Eachteammemberneedsasmalbucket.可知，两个大桶用来装水，每个队员都需要一个小桶。所以一个六人队需要6个小桶，两个六人队总共需要12个小桶。故选B。3．细节理解题。根据文章Activty2一栏下WhyitisFUN部分Studentslovetalkingaboutthemselves可知，他们可以谈论自己，因此排除选项B；根据Memberscanlearnabouteachother.可知，成员可以相互了解，故排除选项C；根据Memberswillbesurprisedatsomefactsaboutthespeakers.可知，成员们会发现一些意想不到的事实而感到吃惊，因此排除选项D。而选项A"他们能学会怎样撒谎"，文中未提及。故选A。4．推理判断题。根据Itisnecessaryformiddleschoolstudentstolearnsometeamskillslikedevelopingrelationships,communicatingwellwithothersandworkingoutproblems.Herearetwofunteamactivitiesforstudentstodeveloptheirteamskills.可推断出，中学生要学习团队技能，得报班参加团队活动。故选D。5．文章出处题。根据www.rosiebridgeschool.org以及Ifyouareinterestedinthegames,clickhere…可知，这篇文章来自于一家网站。故选B。【答案】6．B7．D8．D9．A10．C【解析】【分析】文章主要介绍了作者的女儿在学习中遇到了困难，他决定让女儿教他，用这种方法帮助他识记一个单元的内容。

【点评】考查阅读理解。首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。6．细节理解题。根据第二段"Dad,Ineedtomemorize(记住)aunitabouttheReproductiveCycleofPlants.AndIcanhardlymakeit."可知，朱丽叶感到沮丧因为她记住一个关于植物生殖周期的单元有困难。故选B。7．细节理解题。根据第三段"Youknowmemorizingseemslikethebestwaytostudy,butinfactyoucandobetterintestsifyouworkontryingtounderstandthematerial(材料)."可知，作者认为学习最好的方法是理解材料。故选D。8．代词指代题。根据AskinghertoteachmewasanunusualideabutIdecidedtodoit.可知，要求她教我是一个不寻常的想法，但我决心去做。由此可知it指代askinghertoteachme。故选D。9．推理判断题，根据倒数第二段中Butfalsestarts(起步失误)happened.Icouldn'tbetoohardonher.Soinsteadwestartedwithmeaskinghersomesimplequestions.Sheknewsomebutnotothers.Whenshedidn'tknowtheanswers,Iencouragedhertocheckthebook.可知，当错误发生了，作者没有对她太苛刻．而是问她一些简单的问题，她不知道答案时，作者鼓励她检查课本。由此可以推断出，作者很有耐心。故选A。10．标题选择题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了作者的女儿在学习中遇到了困难，他决定让女儿教他，用这种方法帮助他识记一个单元的内容。即通过教来学。故选C。【答案】11．C12．D13．C14．D15．C【解析】【分析】本文主要解释了为什么我们对智能手机如此着迷，却很容易对学习感到厌倦。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解、词义猜测、和段落大意三个题型的考査，注意在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。11．细节理解题。根据第一段中Butwhenyougetdowntotherealbusinessofworkandstudy,onehourfeelslikeayear.(但当你开始真正的工作和学习时，一小时就像一年。)可知，学生学习的时候觉得时间过得很慢。故选C。12．词句猜测题。根据第二段中Dopamineisa"pleasurechemical"thatmakespeoplefeelgood.Ourbrainsgiveitoutwhenweeatyummyfood,afterweexerciseorwhenwegetaprize.可知，多巴胺是一种让人感觉良好的"快感化学物质"。当我们吃到美味的食物、锻炼后或获奖后，我们的大脑就会发出这种信号。再结合第一段中Whyarewesoattractedbysmartphonesbuteasilyboredbystudying?可知，此处是介绍为什么我们对智能手机如此着迷，却很容易对学习感到厌倦的原因，所以bollsdownto和resultsfom"起因于"意思相近，故选D。13．细节理解题。根据第四段中Whenourexpectationsaremet,dopamineisgivenout.可知，当人们的期望得到满足时，就会有更多的多巴胺被释放出来，故选C。14．段落大意题。根据第三段中Comparedwithstudying,playingonsmartphonescausesourbrainstogiveoutmoredopamine.…Butwhy?以及第四段内容可知，第四段解释了为什么玩智能手机会产生更多的多巴胺。故选D。15．细节理解题。根据最后一段中…saidDanielWong,writerofTheHappyStudent.Youcouldalsosearchforinterestingtopicsconnectedwithyourtextbook.Usewhatyou'velearnedtomakeaninfluenceintherealworld.Thiswillmakeknowledgemuchmoreinterestingtolearn.可知，DanielWong建议用你从课本上学到的东西在现实生活中做事情，能使学习变得更有趣。故选C。【答案】16．C；17．D；18．B；19．A；20．E【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述摆脱不良情绪很重要，通过原谅自己和他人能让我们活得更开心。

A.Forgivenessisagreattool.原谅是伟大的工具。

B.Instead,therearebetterwaystofacethem.相反，有更好的方式来面对它们。

C.Butguiltcannothelpus,angercan't,either.但是内疚不能帮助我们，愤怒也不能。

D.Startbylookingatyourfeelingshonestly.从真正审视自己的感受开始。

E.Themomentyoudothis,you'llfeelmuchlighter.你一这样做，就会感觉轻松多了。

【点评】考查任务型阅读。先通读全文，理解文章大意，把握主题，然后扫读每个小题的题目和所涉及到的段落，寻找关键词，根据题目中的要求，进行针对性的阅读，注意选项的差异，进行精准答题。16．根据空格前一句可知，我们可能对实现不了的事情和无法拥有的东西感到愤怒或内疚。又根据空格后一句可知，随着时间的推移，愤怒或内疚这些坏情绪可能会成为我们沉重的负担。所以空格处应该表示"愤怒或内疚这些坏情绪不能帮助我们"。结合选项可知，选项C符合语境，故选C。17．根据第二段中Soyoumightaskyourself—isitpossibletoputdownthisheavyweightandgiveyourselfabreak?可知，作者问有没有可能放下沉重的负担。根据第三段中Itisquitepossible.可知，放下沉重的负担是可能的。接下来应该说如何开始放下。结合选项可知，选项D符合语境，故选D。18．根据第四段中Unhealthybehaviors(行为)arenotthewaytodothis.Theyprovidenobetterfeelings.可知，不健康的行为不是我们对付坏情绪的办法。接下来应该说"好的办法"。结合选项可知，选项B符合语境，故选B。19．根据上文Oneofthebestwaysisforgiveness(原谅).以及下文Weshouldforgiveourselvesfirstandthenforgiveotherswhohavemadeusguiltyorangry.可知，这里谈论"原谅"。结合选项可知，选项A符合语境，故选A。20．根据Byforgivingourselvesandothers,wecandropourheavinessandfeelbetteraboutourselves.可知，通过原谅自己和他人，我们可以减少负担，自我感觉更好。又根据Andyou'llbemuchhappierwithyourlife.可知，空格处应该表示"原谅"带来的结果。结合选项可知，选项E符合语境，故选E。【答案】21．B；22．A；23．D；24．D；25．B；26．C；27．A；28．C；29．A；30．B；31．C；32．D；33．A；34．C；35．A【解析】【分析】文章记述了杰克在放学路上经过公园时的"离奇"经历，在黑暗中他被神秘的老妇人和声音惊吓，原来是一群人正在那儿拍电影。

【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。21．句意：他的妈妈说夜晚经过这个公园是很危险的，但是这是回家最近的路。strange奇怪的；dangerous危险的；funny滑稽的；interesting有趣的。根据topassbytheparkatnight,可知，"dangerous危险的"符合语境，故选B。22．句意：无论何时杰克感觉有人在跟着他，他总是尽快地跑。someone某人；anyone任何人；noone没有人；everyone每个人。根据…healwaysrunsasfastashecan可知，是有人在跟踪他。"someone某人"符合语境，故选A。23．句意：今天，足球训练结束后，杰克在像往常一样走向公园大门。in在……里面；across穿过，横穿；past经过；toward朝，向。根据afterfinishingsoccerpractice可知，足球训练结束了，所以杰克走向公园大门要回家。"toward朝，向"符合语境，故选D。24．句意：突然，杰克听到有人在叫他，"对不起！"helping帮助；watching观看；stopping阻止，停止；calling呼叫。根据"Excuseme!"可知，是有人在呼叫杰克。"calling呼叫"符合语境，故选D。25．句意：她的声音很虚弱且干涩。sweet甜的；dry干的；pleasing令人高兴的；exciting激动人心的。根据Hervoicewasweakand…可知，空格处应该表示声音"干涩的"，故选B。26．句意：这位老太牢牢地抓住杰克的手，并说"我是说真的！"show展示，表明；make制造；mean当真，说到做到；say说。Imeanit!"我是当真的！"，固定表达，符合语境，故选C。27．句意：杰克感觉他脖子上的汗毛竖了起来。hairs毛发；dirt污垢，尘土；scarf围巾；button纽扣，按钮。根据Jackfeltthe…onhisneckstandup.可知，这里表示"脖子上的汗毛"，故选A。28．句意：这一次，他跑得很快以致于没有时间思考他正去哪里。how怎样；what什么；where哪里；why为什么。根据heransofastthathedidn'thavetimetothink可知，他没有时间考虑去哪里。"where哪里"符合语境，故选C。29．句意：当他停下来的时候，他意识到他在公园的中间。realized意识到；learned学习；forgot忘记；imagined想象。根据Whenhestopped,和hewasinthemiddleofthepark可知，他是意识到他在公园的中间。故选A。30．句意：他记起来老太太说过的话，但是太迟了。or或者，否则；but但是；and和；so所以。根据前后逻辑可知，这里表示转折关系，故选B。31．句意：杰克太害怕了而不想知道那是谁。he他；she她；it它，指物；可指代身份不明的人，经常在不知道这个人的性别时使用；thevoice声音。根据上文Suddenly,heheardsomeonescream(尖叫).可知，他只是听到有人尖叫，并不知道那人是男的还是女的。故选C。32．句意：他听到一些很快的脚步正靠近，所以他转过身。camearound来临；hungaround闲逛；ranaround四处奔波；turnedaround转过身。根据后面一句Itwastheoldlady!可知，"他转过身"后发现了这位老太太。故选D。33．句意：杰克吓得要死，尖叫着像箭一样跑回家。sharply尖锐地；slowly缓慢地；angrily生气地；softly轻声地，柔和地。根据Jackscreamed…可知，杰克吓得尖叫起来。"sharply尖锐地"符合语境，故选A。34．句意：他想他不仅听到老太太而且听到其他一些人在朝他大喊，这使得他更害怕了。excited激动的；surprised惊讶的；scared害怕的；tired疲劳的。前面提到"杰克吓得要死"，此处说杰克听到多人在朝他大喊，所以他更害怕了。故选C。35．句意：杰克的妈妈点点头说："是的，我知道。一群人今晚正在公园拍电影。"nodded点头；refused拒绝；wondered想知道；agreed同意。根据杰克问妈妈的话"Mom!Doyouknowwhatjusthappenedatthepark?"以及妈妈的回答"Yes,Iknow.Agroupofpeoplearemakingamovietonightinthepark"可知，这里是妈妈点头表示知道这回事。故选A。【答案】36．tell；37．before；38．closer；39．tried；40．were；41．turn；42．successful；43．running；44．competition；45．well【解析】【分析】文章主要讲述了作者在一次骑车时，发现有一个人在自己前面骑，作者想要超过他，后来尽自己最大努力超过了他，但是却走错了路，不得不返回去。作者通过这件事得到启示：不要和他人比，尽自己的努力走自己的路享受自己的风景。

选词意思：turn（道路的）转弯处；before在……之前；success成功；tell告诉，判断；close近的；compete竞争；well好；try努力；be是；run跑。

【点评】考查选词填空。考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力，关键在于理解，注意理解上下文和句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。36．句意：我能判断他骑得比我稍慢一点，我决定努力赶上他。分析句子可知缺少谓语动词，结合hewascyclingalittleslowerthanme可知作者判断出前面的人骑得稍慢一点，用tell"告诉，判断"，could后跟动词原形，故填tell。37．句意：我在转弯前大约有一公里的路程。根据空格前后是两个分句可知，空格处应该是连词，结合选词和句意可知，before"在……之前"符合语境，故填before。38．句意：我开始骑得越来越快，所以我更靠近他一点了。我骑得越来越快的结果是我离前面的人更近了。close"近的"，符合语境；又根据fasterandfaster，所以alittlebit后接比较级，故填closer。39．句意：过了一会我只在他后面大约100米了，所以我真的加快速度并且尽了最大努力。tryone'sbest"尽某人最大的努力"，固定搭配，符合语境；又根据picked，可知时态是一般过去时，故填tried。40．句意：我战胜了他，但是他甚至不知道我们在比赛。分析句子结构可知，we…racing是宾语从句；又根据主句时态是一般过去时以及racing可知，宾语从句的时态应该是过去进行时was/were+现在分词；主语是we，故填were。41．句意：我超过他后发现我错过了转弯的机会，多骑了六个街区，不得不掉头往回走。根据hadgonesixblockspastitandhadtoturnaroundandgoallthewayback可知，作者没有及时转弯，也就是错过了转弯的机会。turn"（道路的）转弯处"，符合语境，故填turn。42．句意：在生活中当我们与他人竞争试图超过他们或试图表明我们更成功或更重要时，不就是这样吗？根据more…ormoreimportant可知，空格处应该是个多音节的形容词；结合选词和语境，名词success"成功"的形容词successful"成功的"符合语境。故填successful。43．句意：我们花费时间和精力追赶他们而错过了自己的道路。句中含两个固定搭配：spendtimedoingsth"花时间做某事"；runafter"追赶"。run的动名词是running，故填running。44．句意：不良竞争的问题在于它是一个永无止境的循环。根据Theproblemwithunhealthy…可知，空格处应该用名词；根据上文whenweracewithothers可知，我们和别人比赛；结合选词可知，动词compete"竞争"的名词competition符合语境，故填competition。45．句意：你应该做的就是走自己的路并且祝福别人。wishsbwell"祝福某人一切顺利"，固定表达，符合语境，故填well。【答案】46．to；47．in；48．it；49．and；50．a【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了拼音的发明及其作用。

【点评】考查短文填空。注意首先通读全文，了解文章大意，然后根据上下文语境，运用语法和固定搭配等知识，反复推敲以求得正确答案。46．句意：它是1958年被发明的，用来帮助不识字的中国人学习如何阅读。根据语境可知，发明拼音的目的是为了帮助不识字的中国人学习如何阅读，所以用不定式表示目的，故填to