高一上学期英语（必修一）《Unit4 Natural Disasters》同步练习题带答案

第页高一上学期英语（必修一）《Unit4NaturalDisasters》同步练习题带答案学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________考号：___________Part1单元词汇过关01-单元主题写作词汇积累--自然灾害词汇1.Environment

n.

环境2.powerful

adj.强大的

3.protect

vt.保护4.prevent

vt

防止

5.decrease

v.

减少

6.damage

n.

损害7.destroyvt毁灭

8.rescuevt拯救9.spoilvt破坏

10.constructvt建设

11.beautifyvt.美化

.12.earthquake

n.地震

13.typhoonn.台风

14.eruptvt.爆发15.eruptionn.爆发16.volcanon.火山

17.droughtn.干旱18.catastrophen.大灾难

19.disastern.灾难20.shockingadj.震惊的

精品句式1.Aterriblestormhit/struck...,killing..一个可怕的地震发生在….杀死了….2.Itwasacoolautumnnightwhentheearthquakehappened.Alargenumberofbuildingsfelldownandroadsweredestroyed,leavingagreatmanypeoplehomeless.地震发生在一个凉爽的秋夜。大量的建筑物倒塌，道路被毁,许多人无家可归。3.Withthehelpoftherescueteam,peoplewhowerethetrappedinthefloodweresaved.在救援队的帮助下，困在洪水中的人们得救了。4.Clearly/Obviously/Inmyopinion/Itseemedthatpeoplewereshocked.显然/在我看来/似乎人们震惊了。6.Thewholecitywasinruinsaftertheearthquake.地震后整个城市成了一片废墟。7.Humanactivityisanindispensablefactorcausingnaturaldisasters.人类自身的活动是造成自然灾害的一个不可或缺的因素。8.Inthepasthundredyears,therehavebeenfrequentnaturaldisasters,suchasfloods,droughts,earthquakes,andnewdeserts.在过去的几百年里，自然灾难不断，例如洪水，干旱，地震和沙漠化。9.Thedisastershavekilledmillionsuponmillionsofpeople,destroyedcountlesshomes,andwipedoutnumerouspiecesoffertileland.灾难杀死了无数人，损毁了很多房子，破坏了很多肥沃的土地。10.Nowmoreandmorepeoplebecomeawarethatthosedisastershavemuchtodowithwhatwehavedonetotheearth.现在越来越多的人意识到了灾难在很大程度上与我们人类的行为有关。02-单元重点词汇背记1．

adj.

最重要的；最高级别的n.

(公司或机构的)首领；酋长2．

adj.

附近的；邻近的adv.

在附近3．vi.

应在(某处)；适应4．

n.

地方；地点；位置5．

n.

战役；搏斗vi.&vt.

搏斗；奋斗6．

adj.

极有吸引力的；迷人的7．

n.

收费；指控；主管vt.

收费；控告；充电8．

n.

金额；数量9．

n.

方法；途径；接近vt.

接近；接洽；着手处理vi.

靠近10．vt.

保证；确保；担保11．

adj.

慷慨的；大方的；丰富的12．

n.

位置；姿态；职位13．

adj.

热切的；渴望的14．

n.

诗人15．

n.

风俗；习俗；习惯03-单元核心词形拓展1．dievi.死；死亡→n．死；死亡→adj.死去的→adj.致命的2．affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→n.

感情；喜爱3．effectn．影响；结果；效果→

adj.有效的→adv.有效地4．shockn．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→

adj.令人震惊的→

adj.震惊的5．electricityn．电；电能→

adj.

用电的；电动的→

adj.与电有关的6．breathn．呼吸→vi.&vt.呼吸7．wisdomn.

智慧；才智→

adj.

充满智慧的；明智的；英明的8．suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→

n．折磨；苦难9．survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→

n．幸存→

n．幸存者10．powern．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→

adj.有权势的；强有力的→

adj.无权的；无能力的11．delivervt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表→n．传送；递送；演讲方式12．longadj.长的→

n．长；长度→

v.(使)变长04-单元阅读词汇识记magnituden．2．evacuatevt.

&vi.

3．revivevt.&vi.

4．unifyvi.&vt.

5．contextn.

6．tapvi.&vt.

n.

7．pipen.

8．whistlevi.

n.

9．emergencyn.

10．kitn.

05-单元重点词块闪记1．

似乎；好像；仿佛2．严重受损；破败不堪3．

震惊；吃惊4．

结束；终结5．

挖掘出；发现6．

……的数目7．

仅仅；只是8．吹走9．

横穿10．

站起来11．

露天；在户外12．

执行；实施；贯彻；完成13．出于感激14．跌倒；倒塌15．

朝四面八方Part2单元核心词汇精讲精练考点1.affectvt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动[教材原句]82killed,500,000affected(P49)82人丧生,50万人受影响【拓展】(1)beaffectedby受……的影响；被……感动beaffected/infectedby感染……疾病(2)affectionn.喜爱show/have/feelmuch/anaffectionfor...(非常)喜欢……，(非常)喜爱……(3)effectn.作用；影响haveaneffecton/uponsth对……产生影响ineffect事实上;实际上;有效的comeintoeffect/takeeffect(法律、规划或制度)生效;实施ofnoeffect没有效果的;没有影响的sideeffect副作用put/bringsthintoeffect实施;实行;使生效causeandeffect因果(4)effectiveadj.有效的effectivelyadv.有效地;实际上【经典练】[写出下列句中affect的含义]Theplaceswherewelivecanaffectourthoughtsandbehaviours.__________(2)Deeplyaffectedbythefilm,theaudiencecouldn’tholdbacktears._____________(3)Alackofexerciseleavesyourbodyweakandeasilyaffectedbydisease.___________[单句语法填空](4)AsI_________bytheshowtheWhiteSnakeLegend,Ibegantodevelopadeep________forPekingOpera.(affect)(5)Sandstormsalsoreducevisibility,________(affect)airplanesandroadtransportation.(6)[2018·全国卷Ⅰ]Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysitismore__________(effect)atlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.(7)[2020·北京卷]Peoplewhoregularlypractisepositivethinkingtendtosolveproblemsmore________(effect).[写美](8)鲁迅一生创作了大量的小说，对中国文学产生了深远的影响。Duringhislifetime,LuXunwroteagreatnumberofexcellentnovels，_______________________________________．(9)IwasdeeplyaffectedbythefilmHiMomandcouldn'tholdbacktears.→______________________，Icouldn'tholdbacktears.(分词短语作状语)[小话题写作](10)交通问题不仅影响着我们的日常生活,而且也可能威胁到人们的生命。Thetrafficissuenotonly____________________,butmayalsothreatenpeople’slives.考点2.buryvt.埋葬；安葬[教材原句]Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。(1)bury...in...把……埋到……里；使……沉浸于……buryone'sfaceinone'shands双手掩面(2)beburiedin...=Buryoneselfin(doing.)...埋头于；专心于；沉浸于【经典练】单句语法填空①Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark,________(bury)herselfinthebook.②Though_________(bury)intheruinsforabout70hoursaftertheearthquake,themanmanagedtosurvive.[写美句]——句式升级Becauseheburiedhimselfinplayingtheflute,hedidn'tknowitwasraining.→③______________playingtheflute,hewasnotawareitwasraining.(现在分词短语作状语)→④__________playingtheflute,hewasnotawareitwasraining.(过去分词短语作状语)[佳句]⑤He_______________________________whenhisteamlostthegame.当他的球队输掉比赛时，他掩面而泣。表示“专心于；致力于”的短语还有：①beabsorbed/engagedin②bedevotedto=devoteoneselfto③belostin=loseoneselfin④focus/concentrateon⑤beimmersedin沉浸在⑥fix/concentrateone'sattentionon考点3.effortn.努力;艰难的尝试;尽力[教材原句]Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity’speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.(P50)在政府的大力支持和全市人民的不懈努力下,一个崭新的唐山在地震废墟上崛起。【拓展】withgreateffort努力withouteffort毫不费力地inanefforttodosth为了做某事puteffortinto(doing)sth努力做某事sparenoefforttodosth不遗余力地做某事ittakesefforttodosth做某事需要努力makeeveryefforttodosth尽全力做某事makeaneffort/effortstodosth努力做某事【经典练】【单句语法填空】①Agoodenvironmentdependsonthe______(effort)madebyeveryone.②Noonecanachieveanything_______effort.[完成句子](3)父母为孩子安排好一切,不遗余力地为他们的成功铺路。Parentsarrangeeverythingfortheirchildrenand______________pavethewayfortheirsuccess.(4)我厌恶那些不努力的人。Idislikepeoplewhodon’t______________.(5)公司为节省资金解雇了150名工人。Thecompanyhaslaidoff150workers____________________savemoney.(6)He_________________________________________(不遗余力地练习说英语)everyday.

【写作佳句】IfIamluckyenoughtobeelected,_________________________________serveforthebenefitofstudentsandourclub.如果我有幸当选,我将尽最大努力为同学们和俱乐部的利益服务。考点4.supplyn.[pl.]补给品;供应(量);补给vt.供应;供给[教材原句]Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.(P52)向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集来的。【拓展】(1)watersupply供水beinshortsupply供不应求asupply/suppliesof...……的供应supplyanddemand供求关系medicalsupplies医疗用品(2)supplysb/sthwithsth=supplysthtosb/sth给……提供某物[联想]表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有：providesb.withsth.＝providesth.forsb.offersb.sth.＝offersth.tosb.giveawaysth.tosb.【经典练】[单句语法填空](1)Theyusedthemoneytosupply(supply)theschoolwithnewtextbooks.

(2)Whenevershegoesoutwithherbaby,shealwaystakesalargesupplyofbabyfoodwithher.(3)Foodsupplies(supply)intheflood-strickenareaarerunningout.(4)Duringtheoutbreakoftheepidemic,medicalmaskswere____shortsupplyineveryarea.(5)[2021·全国乙卷]Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddata________(supply)bytheWorldAtlaslistsofar.[写美]——一句多译政府在地震后已经向当地人民提供了大量的食物和衣物。(supply)(6)Thegovernment____________________________thelocalpeoplesincetheearthquakeoccurred.(7)Thegovernment________________________________________sincetheearthquakeoccurred.考点5.shockn.震惊;令人震惊的事;休克vt.(使)震惊[教材原句]Peoplewereinshock—andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.(P50)人们惊呆了——接着,在那天下午晚些时候,另一场大地震再次震撼了唐山。【拓展】(1)beashockto...使……吃惊inshock 震惊；吃惊(2)shockedadj.震惊的；惊讶的beshockedat/by 对……吃惊beshockedtodosth.做某事很吃惊(3)shockingadj. 令人震惊的(4)culturalshock 文化冲突[名师点津]shock表示“吃惊;震惊;令人震惊的事情”时是可数名词,表示“(身心受到的)打击;震惊”和“休克”时是不可数名词。【经典练】[单句语法填空](1)Everyoneinthestreet________(shock)whentheyheardthenews.(2)________(shock)bytheexplosion,peopleranaboutinthestreet.(3)Hisnotpassingthefinalexamwasagreatshock________hisparents.(4)Iwasshocked________(hear)thatourfactorywouldhavetoclose.

(5)Thegreatfirewas_____greatshocktousall.(6)Weare_________(shock)thatsomanypeoplewereinjuredordiedintheWenchuanearthquake.(7)Iwasshocked________(hear)thatalargenumberofpangolins(穿山甲）werebeingkilledfortheirmedicalvalue.(8)Thenewsofhissuddendeathisso_______thateveryoneisverymuchshockedatit.(shock)[完成句子](9)他们在过去的几年里取得了惊人的成就,令许多人震惊。____________________________________________________.考点6.suffervt.遭受;蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦[教材原句]Somewerefoundalive,thoughtheyweresufferingfromterribleinjuries,butothershadalreadystoppedbreathingwhentheywerediscovered.(P51)有些人被发现时还活着,虽然他们受了重伤,但其他人被发现时已经停止了呼吸。【拓展】(1)sufferpain/defeat/hardship/damage 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏sufferfrom 受……折磨；患……病(2)sufferingn. 痛苦；苦恼；让人痛苦的事sufferern. 受难者；患病者【经典练】单句语法填空(1)Amongobesechildren,about30percentalsosuffer________highlevelsofbloodsugarandfat.(2)Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughvarietiesof________(suffer)duringthewar.(3)Shortlyafter________(suffer)fromamassiveearthquakeandbeingreducedtoruins,thecitytookonanewlook.(4)Relieffoodandclothingshouldbequicklysenttothe________(suffer)fromthegreatfire.[小话题写作](5)尽管遭受如此严重的自然灾害,但只要不灰心,我们终会克服困难。______________________________________________________________________________.考点7.cometoanend结束；终结【拓展】attheendof在……尽头；在……末端bytheendof到……结束时；到……时候为止(常与完成时态连用) intheend 最后；终于 beatanend结束(2)put/bring...toanendputanendto... 使……结束cometoanend 完成；结束(3)make(both)endsmeet使收支相抵；量入为出(4)endupwith 以……结束endupdoing 最终在做某事【经典练】1.Atfirstsherefusedtoadmithermistake,butsheendedup___________(apologize)tothepublic．Therewasnodoubtthatheractingcareer___________________(即将结束）.2.Whenourday’sworkwas________________,everybodyfelttiredandhungry.当一天工作结束时，大家觉得又累又饿。3.__________________________wehadsoldover2000tickets.到本周末为止，我们已经售完2000张票。Hetriedmanytimestopasstheexamand_____________hesucceeded.他尝试了许多次，最后终于成功通过了。考点8.inruins严重受损；破败不堪；成为废墟；毁灭[教材原句]Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.(P50)不到一分钟,一座大城市化为了废墟。【拓展】(1)ruinoneself自我毁灭ruinone’shope/chance/fame/future毁坏某人的希望/机会/名誉/未来(2)inruins严重受损;破败不堪be/lieinruins成为废墟;毁灭fallintoruins成为废墟bring...toruin使……毁灭;使……没落【经典练】(单句语法填空)1.Shortlyaftersufferingfromanearthquakeandbeingreducedto______(ruin),thecitytookonanewlook.2.Thewholetown________(ruin)bytheterriblehurricanelastnight.3.Havinggonethroughtwoworldwars,thecastlehasfallen______ruin.经历了两次世界大战，那座城堡已经破败不堪了。[完成句子](4)地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟,这让我们彻夜未眠。Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake,whichmadeusawakeallnight.(5)我们的假期被台风给毁了。Ourvacation________bythetyphoon.(6)宫殿被彻底摧毁了,而不是轻微受损,无法修复,留下的只是废墟。Thepalacewasdestroyedcompletelyratherthanwasslightlydamaged,whichcan’tberepaired,____________.Part3单元重点句型精讲精练考点1.asif似乎;好像;仿佛Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!仿佛世界末日即将来临！【拓展】(1)asif表示“仿佛,好像”,在句中引导表语从句,其意义和用法与asthough相同。常跟在特定动词后面,如seem、look、taste、sound、feel等。(2)asif引导方式状语从句时,常置于行为动词之后。(3)asif/asthough引导从句的语气:①当从句所表达的情况有明显的依据或实现的可能性比较大时,asif引导的从句要用陈述语气。①Hurryup!Itlooksasifthetrainisgoingtomove.快点！看起来好像火车要开了。②当从句所陈述的是不真实的或不可能发生(存在)的情况时，从句谓语常用虚拟语气，结构如下：与现在事实相反从句谓语动词用过去时(be动词用were)与过去事实相反从句谓语动词用过去完成时(haddone)与将来事实相反从句谓语动词用would/could/mightdo②ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhaddoneit?打破窗户的是约翰。为什么你对我说好像是我打破的似的？[名师点津]如果asif引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同,且含有be动词,可省略从句主语和be动词,这样asif后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。【经典练】单句语法填空①Hedescribedthecharactersinthenovelasifhe_______(meet)themfacetoface.

②Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasif_________________________(好像发生在昨天).

③Itseemedasifthey_______________________(决不会有)thechanceofworkingagain.

④Heopenedhismouthasif____________(say)something.⑤Thechildtalkstousasifhe______(be)agrown­up.⑥Hetalksbig_______________________________.他夸夸其谈，好像什么都知道似的。⑦Mary’sdescriptionofthepartywassovividthatIfeltasifI________(be)there.玛丽对晚会的描述很生动,以至于我感觉好像我在那里一样。⑧Lookatthecloudsinthesky!Itlooks____________________________.看看天上的云彩！看起来要下雨。[写美]——读后续写佳句⑨[2021·浙江卷6月，读后续写]靠近房子的时候，我注意到爸爸妈妈站在那辆旧卡车旁边，一脸悲伤。好像发生了什么不愉快的事情。Uponapproachingthehouse,Inoticedmydadandmomstandingbesidetheoldtruck,lookingsad.____________________________.考点2.句型：bedoingsth.when...正在做某事，这时(突然)……(教材原句)Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，突然水开始涌入家中。【拓展】beabouttodo...when...正要做……这时(突然)……beonthepointofdoing...when...正要做……这时(突然)……hadjustdone...when...刚做完……这时(突然)……【经典练】单句语法填空1.Shehadjustfinishedherhomework________hermotheraskedhertoplaythepiano.2.Iwasabouttogiveup________mybestfriendencouragedmetogoon.[完成句子]3.约翰正在房间里学习,突然听到了一声尖叫。John________inhisroom______heheardascream.4.我正要放弃,这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。I____________________________mybestfriendencouragedmetogoon.5.她刚刚做完作业,妈妈就让她练习弹钢琴。She_____________________________hermotheraskedhertopractiseplayingthepiano.[写美句]——应用文佳句6.[浙江卷，写作]上周一，我正在街上散步，这时突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。LastMonday,I____________________________Isuddenlysawanoldmanfalloffhisbicycle.7.2001年的一天，贾晓玲和她的母亲在骑自行车时被一辆车撞倒。Onedayin2001,JiaXiaolingandhermom______________________________________.Part4单元核心词汇+句型即时跟踪检测单词拼写1.Everyonewasshouting;itwasdifficulttokeep__________（冷静的）inthatcondition.2.Ilikegettingupearlyinthemorningbecausethemorningairisgoodto______________(呼吸).3.Itisassumedthatacomet

（撞击）

intotheearthlongago,thuscausingthedisappearanceofdinosaurs.4.Thereisafire____________

(通道)oneachfloorofthebuilding.5.It'sourhopethatwewillplayanincreasinglygreaterroleinthemarketplaceand,therefore,______（提供）morejobs.6.Youcanguessthemeaningofthewordformthe______(上下文).7.Smokingwillcause___________（损害）toourhealth,whichreallymattersalot.8.Theaccidentresultingfromhercarelessdrivingledtothree___________(死亡).9.Thevolunteerswillgetallthesupplies___________(派送)totheflood-hitarea.10.Manypeoplewerea______________(影响)bythevirusandeveryonehopedthedisasterwouldcometoanend.11.Theminerswere__________（陷入困境）deepunderground.12.Weareverymuchawareofthelack（缺少）offood______________（供应，储备）.13.WhenIwas50,myweightproblembeganto

______(影响)

meseriously.14.Shehadanaccidentandwastrappedinhercar.Luckilytwopassers-bycametohera（帮助）.15.Leafletshavebeen

d（递送）

toeveryhousehold.16.In1972hewasgivenaspecialOscarforhislifetimeoutstanding______(成就).17.Wemustmake___________(安排)forthemeeting.18.Wehave_________（帮助）himinfinishingtheworkaheadoftime.19.Itwasdifficulttocomprehend（理解）thefullscaleofthe__________（灾难）.20.Thegreatsuccessisachievedthroughour________（努力）.单句语法填空1.MountKilaueaisoneofthemostactivevolcanoesinHawaii.The____________(erupt)ofitisalwaystakingpeoplebysurprise.2.Localpeopleexpectthe___________(revive)ofthisoldtradition.3.Whattheyhavedoneleadstothedevelopmentof________________(electricity)engineering.4.Itisnotalwayseasytotellwhetheryouarefacedwithareal_____________(emergent).5.Peopleinearthquake-hitareasbegantorecoverslowlyfromtheirnightmareofpainand_________(suffer).6.It

(strike)Tomthatwhathe'dsaidaboutHelenappliedtohimtoo.7.Agreatmanyhouses______(destroy)intheearthquakeandmanypeoplebecamehomeless.8.Iwascompletely________(breath)whenIgottothetopofthemountain.9.Theplane____________(crash)intothemountain,butluckilythepilotsurvived.10.Hetooka

deep______(breathe)anddivedintothepool.11.Hisparentsalwayshadhimweedingthegarden,carryingoutthegarbageand______(deliver)newspapers.12._____________(bury)inhiswork,Jimsimplyforgotfoodandsleep.13.Thesmellisprovingtobeanincreasingly________________(power)toolinencouragingpeopletobuy.14.Thesoldiersdidalltheycouldtorescuetheonly__________(survive)regardlessofthedangerofaftershock.15.Heisnotsuchafoolashelookslike.Infact,he'samanofgreat_____________(wise)whoseemsstupid.完成句子4.Theoldman5.Hebehavednothin9.Nowthen,usewhatyouhaveto10.Themovie参考答案Part1单元词汇过关01-单元主题写作词汇积累--自然灾害词汇1.Environment

n.

环境2.powerful

adj.强大的

3.protect

vt.保护4.prevent

vt

防止

5.decrease

v.

减少

6.damage

n.

损害7.destroyvt毁灭

8.rescuevt拯救9.spoilvt破坏

10.constructvt建设

11.beautifyvt.美化

.12.earthquake

n.地震

13.typhoonn.台风

14.eruptvt.爆发15.eruptionn.爆发16.volcanon.火山

17.droughtn.干旱18.catastrophen.大灾难

19.disastern.灾难20.shockingadj.震惊的

精品句式1.Aterriblestormhit/struck...,killing..一个可怕的地震发生在….杀死了….2.Itwasacoolautumnnightwhentheearthquakehappened.Alargenumberofbuildingsfelldownandroadsweredestroyed,leavingagreatmanypeoplehomeless.地震发生在一个凉爽的秋夜。大量的建筑物倒塌，道路被毁,许多人无家可归。3.Withthehelpoftherescueteam,peoplewhowerethetrappedinthefloodweresaved.在救援队的帮助下，困在洪水中的人们得救了。4.Clearly/Obviously/Inmyopinion/Itseemedthatpeoplewereshocked.显然/在我看来/似乎人们震惊了。6.Thewholecitywasinruinsaftertheearthquake.地震后整个城市成了一片废墟。7.Humanactivityisanindispensablefactorcausingnaturaldisasters.人类自身的活动是造成自然灾害的一个不可或缺的因素。8.Inthepasthundredyears,therehavebeenfrequentnaturaldisasters,suchasfloods,droughts,earthquakes,andnewdeserts.在过去的几百年里，自然灾难不断，例如洪水，干旱，地震和沙漠化。9.Thedisastershavekilledmillionsuponmillionsofpeople,destroyedcountlesshomes,andwipedoutnumerouspiecesoffertileland.灾难杀死了无数人，损毁了很多房子，破坏了很多肥沃的土地。10.Nowmoreandmorepeoplebecomeawarethatthosedisastershavemuchtodowithwhatwehavedonetotheearth.现在越来越多的人意识到了灾难在很大程度上与我们人类的行为有关。02-单元重点词汇背记1．

adj.

最重要的；最高级别的n.

(公司或机构的)首领；酋长2．

adj.

附近的；邻近的adv.

在附近3．vi.

应在(某处)；适应4．

n.

地方；地点；位置5．

n.

战役；搏斗vi.&vt.

搏斗；奋斗6．

adj.

极有吸引力的；迷人的7．

n.

收费；指控；主管vt.

收费；控告；充电8．

n.

金额；数量9．

n.

方法；途径；接近vt.

接近；接洽；着手处理vi.

靠近10．vt.

保证；确保；担保11．

adj.

慷慨的；大方的；丰富的12．

n.

位置；姿态；职位13．

adj.

热切的；渴望的14．

n.

诗人15．

n.

风俗；习俗；习惯1．chief

adj.

最重要的；最高级别的n.

(公司或机构的)首领；酋长2．nearby

adj.

附近的；邻近的adv.

在附近3．belongvi.

应在(某处)；适应4．location

n.

地方；地点；位置5．battle

n.

战役；搏斗vi.&vt.

搏斗；奋斗6．fascinating

adj.

极有吸引力的；迷人的7．charge

n.

收费；指控；主管vt.

收费；控告；充电8．amount

n.

金额；数量9．approach

n.

方法；途径；接近vt.

接近；接洽；着手处理vi.

靠近10．ensurevt.

保证；确保；担保11．generous

adj.

慷慨的；大方的；丰富的12．position

n.

位置；姿态；职位13．eager

adj.

热切的；渴望的14．poet

n.

诗人15．custom

n.

风俗；习俗；习惯03-单元核心词形拓展1．dievi.死；死亡→n．死；死亡→adj.死去的→adj.致命的2．affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→n.

感情；喜爱3．effectn．影响；结果；效果→

adj.有效的→adv.有效地4．shockn．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→

adj.令人震惊的→

adj.震惊的5．electricityn．电；电能→

adj.

用电的；电动的→

adj.与电有关的6．breathn．呼吸→vi.&vt.呼吸7．wisdomn.

智慧；才智→

adj.

充满智慧的；明智的；英明的8．suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→

n．折磨；苦难9．survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→

n．幸存→

n．幸存者10．powern．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→

adj.有权势的；强有力的→

adj.无权的；无能力的11．delivervt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表→n．传送；递送；演讲方式12．longadj.长的→

n．长；长度→

v.(使)变长1．dievi.死；死亡→deathn．死；死亡→deadadj.死去的→deadlyadj.致命的2．affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→affectionn.

感情；喜爱3．effectn．影响；结果；效果→

effectiveadj.有效的→effectively

adv.有效地4．shockn．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→

shockingadj.令人震惊的→

shockedadj.震惊的5．electricityn．电；电能→

electricadj.

用电的；电动的→

electricaladj.与电有关的6．breathn．呼吸→

breathevi.&vt.呼吸7．wisdomn.

智慧；才智→

wiseadj.

充满智慧的；明智的；英明的8．suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering

n．折磨；苦难9．survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival

n．幸存→

survivorn．幸存者10．powern．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→

powerfuladj.有权势的；强有力的→

powerlessadj.无权的；无能力的11．delivervt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表→

deliveryn．传送；递送；演讲方式12．longadj.长的→

lengthn．长；长度→

lengthenv.(使)变长04-单元阅读词汇识记magnituden．2．evacuatevt.

&vi.

3．revivevt.&vi.

4．unifyvi.&vt.

5．contextn.

6．tapvi.&vt.

n.

7．pipen.

8．whistlevi.

n.

9．emergencyn.

10．kitn.

1．magnituden．(地)震级；重大2．evacuatevt.

疏散；撤出vi.

撤离3．revivevt.&vi.

复活；(使)苏醒4．unifyvi.&vt.

统一；(使)成一体5．contextn.

上下文；语境；背景6．tapvi.&vt.

轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n.

水龙头；轻叩；轻敲7．pipen.

管子；管道8．whistlevi.

吹口哨；发出笛声vt.

吹口哨n.

哨子(声)；呼啸声9．emergencyn.

突发事件；紧急情况10．kitn.

成套工具；成套设备05-单元重点词块闪记1．

似乎；好像；仿佛2．严重受损；破败不堪3．

震惊；吃惊4．

结束；终结5．

挖掘出；发现6．

……的数目7．

仅仅；只是8．吹走9．

横穿10．

站起来11．

露天；在户外12．

执行；实施；贯彻；完成13．出于感激14．跌倒；倒塌15．

朝四面八方1．as_if

似乎；好像；仿佛2．in_ruins

严重受损；破败不堪3．in_shock

震惊；吃惊4．come_to_an_end

结束；终结5．dig_out

挖掘出；发现6．the_number_of

……的数目7．nothing_but

仅仅；只是8．blow_away

吹走9．cut_across

横穿10．get_up_on_one's_feet

站起来11．in_the_open_air

露天；在户外12．carry_out

执行；实施；贯彻；完成13．out_of_gratitude

出于感激14．fall_down

跌倒；倒塌15．in_all_directions

朝四面八方Part2单元核心词汇精讲精练考点1.affectvt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;深深打动[教材原句]82killed,500,000affected(P49)82人丧生,50万人受影响【拓展】(1)beaffectedby受……的影响；被……感动beaffected/infectedby感染……疾病(2)affectionn.喜爱show/have/feelmuch/anaffectionfor...(非常)喜欢……，(非常)喜爱……(3)effectn.作用；影响haveaneffecton/uponsth对……产生影响ineffect事实上;实际上;有效的comeintoeffect/takeeffect(法律、规划或制度)生效;实施ofnoeffect没有效果的;没有影响的sideeffect副作用put/bringsthintoeffect实施;实行;使生效causeandeffect因果(4)effectiveadj.有效的effectivelyadv.有效地;实际上【经典练】[写出下列句中affect的含义]Theplaceswherewelivecanaffectourthoughtsandbehaviours.__________(2)Deeplyaffectedbythefilm,theaudiencecouldn’tholdbacktears._____________(3)Alackofexerciseleavesyourbodyweakandeasilyaffectedbydisease.___________[单句语法填空](4)AsI_________bytheshowtheWhiteSnakeLegend,Ibegantodevelopadeep________forPekingOpera.(affect)(5)Sandstormsalsoreducevisibility,________(affect)airplanesandroadtransportation.(6)[2018·全国卷Ⅰ]Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysitismore__________(effect)atlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.(7)[2020·北京卷]Peoplewhoregularlypractisepositivethinkingtendtosolveproblemsmore________(effect).[写美](8)鲁迅一生创作了大量的小说，对中国文学产生了深远的影响。Duringhislifetime,LuXunwroteagreatnumberofexcellentnovels，_______________________________________．(9)IwasdeeplyaffectedbythefilmHiMomandcouldn'tholdbacktears.→______________________，Icouldn'tholdbacktears.(分词短语作状语)[小话题写作](10)交通问题不仅影响着我们的日常生活,而且也可能威胁到人们的生命。Thetrafficissuenotonly____________________,butmayalsothreatenpeople’slives.答案:(1)影响(2)(感情上)深深打动(3)(疾病)侵袭,使感染(4)wasaffectedaffection(5)affecting(6)effective(7)effectively(8)allofwhichhaveaprofoundeffectonChineseliterature(9)DeeplyaffectedbythefilmHiMom(10)affectsoureverydaylife考点2.buryvt.埋葬；安葬[教材原句]Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中抢救出来，并掩埋了死者。(1)bury...in...把……埋到……里；使……沉浸于……buryone'sfaceinone'shands双手掩面(2)beburiedin...=Buryoneselfin(doing.)...埋头于；专心于；沉浸于【经典练】单句语法填空①Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark,________(bury)herselfinthebook.②Though_________(bury)intheruinsforabout70hoursaftertheearthquake,themanmanagedtosurvive.[写美句]——句式升级Becauseheburiedhimselfinplayingtheflute,hedidn'tknowitwasraining.→③______________playingtheflute,hewasnotawareitwasraining.(现