湖南省娄底市涟源市2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题 含解析

娄底市部分普通高中2025年上学期期末考试高一英语试卷（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoesthewomanwantDanieltodo?A.Watertheflowers. B.Cleanthegarden. C.Gooutwithher.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Daniel,Ihavetogooutthisafternoon.Theflowersinthegardenneedtobewatered.Canyouhelpmedothat?M:OK.I’lldoitataroundfiveo’clock.Itwon’tbesohotthen.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdoesthewomanloseweight?A.Byexercisinginthegym.B.Bygoingonadiet.C.Byrunningandwalkingoutdoors.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Youlookgreat.Youseemtobethinnerthanbefore.Areyouonadietorgoingtothegym?W:Neither.Ialwaysgorunningintheparkandkeepwalking5kilometerseveryday.NowIhavelost10kilograms.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wherearethespeakers?A.Ataparkinglot. B.Atagasstation. C.Athome.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Therearesomanycars.I’mafraidthere’snospaceleftforourcar.Weshouldhaveleftabitearlier.M:Don’tworry,honey.Oh,look.Thatcarisleaving.W:That’sgreat!4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Tellherfriendshe’llbelate.B.Setofftoherfriend’shomenow.C.Visitherfriendlaterintheafternoon.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hasn’tyourChinesefriendinvitedyoutohishousefordinner?There’sjusthalfanhourleft.Whydon’tyousetoffnow?W:Yes.Imustleave.M:Chinesepeopledon’tliketobelate.You’dbettergetthereontime.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theirfavoriteanimals. B.Theman’sbirthday. C.Chinesezodiacsigns.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:WhatareChinesezodiacsigns?W:Theyare12animalsChinesepeopleusetoshowtheyearwhenapersonwasborn.M:Sowhatisyourzodiacsign?W:Iwasbornintheyear1994,somineisdog.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhatisJim?A.Achemist. B.Adentist. C.Aneyedoctor.7.Whydoesthewomanneedanewpairofglasses?A.Theoldonesarebroken.B.Hereyesightbecomespoorer.C.Shewantstolookmuchsmarter.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】W:IsyourfriendJimaneyedoctororadentist?IthinkIneedtomakeanappointmentwithaneyedoctor.M:He’sachemist.YouarethinkingofRobert.He’saneyedoctor.Whydoyouneedtoseehim?W:Well,Ineedanewpairofglasses.M:What’swrongwithyourglasses?Aretheybroken?W:No.It’sjustthatmyeyesightisworseandIneednewones,sothatIcanseeclearly.Icanstilldriveandread,thoughit’snotasclearasI’dlike.M:Isee.I’llcallhimafterIfinisheatingmylunch.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whowillthemaneatwithtonight?A.Hisfriends. B.Hisrelatives. C.Hisfamily.9.Whenwillthemangettotherestaurant?A.Atabout6:00pm. B.Atabout6:30pm. C.Atabout7:00pm.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】W:Morning.ThisisLocalGreen.HowmayIhelpyou,please?M:Yes.ThisisMikeBrowncalling.I’dliketobookatableforthisevening.W:Howmanypeoplewouldyouliketomakeitfor?M:It’smywife’sbirthdaytoday.I’dliketocelebrateitwithherandourtwinsatyourrestaurant.Wedidn’tinvitefriendsorrelatives.W:Gotit.Wouldyouliketohaveacakebroughttoyourtable?M:Yes.Thatwouldbegreat.W:Whattimewouldyoulikeatablefor?M:We’llsetofffromhomeataround6:00pm.Iguesswecangetthereinhalfanhour.W:Good.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhydidJohnmakeanapp?A.Tofinishaproject. B.Tomakemoney. C.Tohavefun.11.Whatistheadvantageoftheapp?A.Itprovidesteachingmaterial.B.Ithasmanyvideogames.C.Itgivesfunquizzes.12.WhatdoesJohnthinkoftheapp?A.It’scostly. B.It’sdifficult. C.It’spopular.【答案】10.A11.C12.C【解析】【原文】W:John,whendidyoucreateyourappGimkit?M:Ididthatintheyear2019.W:Whydidyoucreateit?M:Iwasinmyjunioryearatapublichighschoolthen.Myschoolrequiredustotakepartinprojects.Myprojectthatyearrequiredmetomakeanapp.W:Whatinspiredyoutomakesuchanapp?M:Backthensomeofmyclassmatescomplainedthattheydidn’tlikepreparingfortheirexams.Theyfounditboring.SoIwantedtocreateanappthatcouldmakelearningmorefun.IntheendIcreatedanappthatletsteacherscreateresourcesintheformofgame-stylequizzes.W:Isithelpful?M:Ithinkso.Studentsloveusingit.Nowitisusedbylearnersinmorethan100countriesacrosstheworld.Researchshowsthatitcanincreaselearningbyupto14%.W:I’llcertainlyintroduceittomyyoungerbrother.Ihopeitcanhelphimlearnbetter.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WheredoesGavinknowabouttheactivities?A.Onawebsite. B.Inamagazine. C.Fromhisbrother.14.WhatactivitywillMarkbeinterestedin?A.StoryBox. B.DiscoveryBox. C.AdventureBoxMAX.15.WhydoesGavinthinkTomwilllikeAdventureBox?A.Helovestakingadventures.B.Heloveslisteningtostories.C.Helovesdrawingforstories.16.OnwhichdaywillMarkandTomgototheactivities?A.July3rd. B.July10th. C.July17th.【答案】13.A14.B15.C16.B【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyoudoing,Gavin?M:I’mreadingaboutsomeactivitiesorganizedbyBayardMagazinesonitssiteW:Whatactivitiesareorganizedthisyear?M:Quiteafew.Theactivitiesaredesignedfordifferentagegroups.StoryBoxisforlittlereadersaged3to6yearsold.AdventureBoxisforchildrenaged6to9yearsold.AdventureBoxMAXisforfictionloversaged9to14yearsoldandDiscoveryBoxisforfactloversage9to14yearsold.W:IthinkMarkwillbeinterestedintheDiscoveryBox.Shouldwetellhimaboutit?M:Ofcourse.Iwanthimtohavesomefunthissummer.HecangowithTom.W:IsyourbrothercomingwithTomthissummer?M:Yes.They’llspendaweekhere.IthinkTomwilllikeAdventureBoxbest.W:Why?M:Becauseitallowschildrentolistentoaudiostories,drawpicturesforstoriesandmakeabookofsummeradventures.Tomlovesdrawingforstories.W:Whenwilltheactivitiestakeplace?M:They’llbeginonJuly3rdandwilltakeplaceeveryweek.Theycangothereonthefirstdayofthesecondweek.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhendidHariniLoganwinthecontest?A.Onhersecondtimeinit. B.Onherthirdtimeinit. C.Onherfourthtimeinit.18.HowmanywordsdidVikramRajumanagetospellinthespell-off?A.12. B.15. C.2l.19.HowdidHariniLoganprobablyfeelaboutthejudges’newdecision?A.Happy. B.Nervous. C.Upset.20.WhatdoesVikramRajudecidetodo?A.Donatehis$50,000bonus.B.Enterthecontestnextyear.C.Quitcompetinginthecontest.【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】W:HariniLoganisa14-year-oldstudentfromSanAntonio,Texas.ShefinallywontheScrippsNationalSpellingBeeaftershefailedtowinforthreetimes.HariniLogan’swinningcamelateThursday.Shespelled21wordscorrectlyduringthe90-secondspell-off.Hercompetitor,12-year-oldVikramRajuofAurora,Coloradojustmanagedtospell15wordscorrectly.Beforethespell-off,Loganthoughtshehadlostthecompetition,becauseshewastoldshehadansweredaquestionincorrectlyduringthevocabularyroundofthespellingbee.Afewminuteslater,headjudgeMaryBrookssaidthejudgesstudiedheranswer.Theydecidedtochangetheirdecision.Itturnedoutheranswertothatquestionwascorrect.Becauseofthat,shecouldcompeteinthespell-offandfinallywon.Hariniwon$50,000inprizes.TheScrippsNationalSpellingBeetakesplaceinWashington,D.C.Itbeganin1925.Itisheldonceayear.VikramRajucameinsecond.Hehopestoreturnnexttime.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALikereading?InterestedinChineseclassicalnovels?HavealookatthefollowingfourbookswhichareweknowntomostChineseasFourMasterpieces.TheWaterMarginTheWaterMargin,alsoknownasAllMenAreBrothersinPearlBuck’stranslation,ShuiHuZhuaninChinese,isalongchapternovelwiththeSongJiangUprisinginthelateNorthernSongDynastyasthemainbackgroundandtypeofheroiclegend.Itisanimmortal(不朽的)novelandhasinspiredmanystorytellers.TheauthorofthenovelisgenerallyregardedasShiNai’an(1296~1371).RomanceoftheThreeKingdomsRomanceoftheThreeKingdomsisthefirstfull-lengthhistoricalromancenovelinChina.ItsauthorisLuoGuanzhong(about1330~1400),afamousnovelistinthelateYuanDynastyandtheearlyMingDynasty.CharacterssuchasLiuBei,CaoCao,GuanYu,ZhangFeiandZhugeLianghavebecomehouseholdnamesamongtheChinese.JourneytotheWestJourneytotheWestisthefirstromanticchapternovelaboutgodsanddevilsinancientChina.Thereare100copiesofJourneytotheWestintheexistingMingPublicationswithouttheauthor’ssignature.WuYuxuan,ascholaroftheQingDynasty,firstproposedthattheauthorofJourneytotheWestwasWuCheng’en(1500~1582)oftheMingDynasty.TheDreamoftheRedChamberTheDreamoftheRedChamber,alsocalledTheStoryoftheStone,issaidtobethegreatestmasterpieceofChinesefiction.ItisgenerallybelievedtobewrittenbyCaoXueqin(about1715~1763),awriteroftheQingDynasty.Withhundredsofpersonsandtheirstories,thestoryisverycomplexbutalsoveryinterestingforitsencyclopediccharacter(百科全书式的人物).21.WhichbookshouldpeoplereadiftheywanttoknowsomethingaboutthecharacterSongJiang?A.TheWaterMargin. B.RomanceoftheThreeKingdoms.C.JourneytotheWest. D.TheDreamoftheRedChamber.22.Wholivedinthe16thcentury?A.ShiNai’an. B.LuoGuanzhong. C.WuCheng’en. D.CaoXueqin.23.Whatcolumn(专栏)inamagazinemightthepassagecomefrom?A.Health. B.Literature. C.Sports. D.Science.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了中国四大名著。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据TheWaterMargin部分中“TheWaterMargin,alsoknownasAllMenAreBrothersinPearlBuck’stranslation,ShuiHuZhuaninChinese,isalongchapternovelwiththeSongJiangUprisinginthelateNorthernSongDynastyasthemainbackgroundandtypeofheroiclegend.

(《水浒传》是一部以北宋末年宋江起义为主要背景和英雄传奇类型的长篇小说，在赛珍珠的译名《水浒传》中又称“天下皆兄弟”。)”可知，如果读者想要了解关于宋江的故事，可以阅读《水浒传》。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据TheDreamoftheRedChamber部分中“TheDreamoftheRedChamber,alsocalledTheStoryoftheStone,issaidtobethegreatestmasterpieceofChinesefiction.ItisgenerallybelievedtobewrittenbyCaoXueqin(about1715~1763),awriteroftheQingDynasty.

(《红楼梦》，也叫《石头记》，据说是中国小说中最伟大杰作。一般认为是清代作家曹雪芹(约1715~1763)所著。)”可知，清代作家曹雪芹生活在16世纪。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了中国四大名著，因此推断文章出自于杂志的文学专栏。故选B。BInAmericanschoolsthereissomethingcalledHomecomingDay.Manyhighschoolsandcollegeswithafootballteamhaveahomecominggame.Thiscanbethemostimportanteventoftheyearexceptgraduationday.StudentsplanHomecomingDayformanyweeksinadvance.SeveraldaysbeforeHomecoming,studentsstarttodecoratetheschool.Therearesignstowishlucktotheteam,andmanyothersignstowelcomeallthegraduates.Themembersofschoolclubsbuildbooths(摊位)andselllemonade,applesandsandwiches.Someclubshelptowelcomevisitors.Duringthedayalumniwillgatherattheschool.Theyliketolookforteachersthattheyremember.Oftentheyseeoldfriendsandtheytalktogetheraboutthosehappyyearsinschool.ManypeoplestillcometoHomecomingtwentyorthirtyyearsaftertheirgraduation.Everyonesooncomestowatchthefootballgame.Whenthegameishalfover,abandcomesontothefieldandplaysschoolsongs.AnotherimportantmomentiswhentheHomecomingQueenorKingappears.AllthestudentsvotethemostpopularstudentHomecomingQueenorKing.Itisagreathonortobechosen.Homecomingisahappyday,butitisnotperfectunlessthefootballteamwinsthegame.Evenifthegameloses,thestudentsstillenjoyHomecoming.Somestayattheschooltodanceandothersgotoaparty.Foreveryoneitisadayworthremembering.24.WhatarestudentsbusydoingbeforeHomecomingDay?A.Makingafootballteam. B.Decoratingtheschool.C.Takingtheirexams. D.Preparingforgraduation.25Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alumni”inPara3referto?A.Parents. B.Teachers. C.Managers. D.Graduates.26.WhichofthefollowingisNOTdonebygraduatesonHomecoming?A.Tojoininafootballmatch. B.Toseetheiroldfriends.C.Towatchthefootballgame. D.Tovisitteacherstheyremember.27.HowdoesHomecomingQueenorKingcomeabout?A.Votedbyalltheparents. B.Chosenfromthebestteachers.C.Electedbyallthestudents. D.Giventothebestfootballplayer.【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在美国的学校里有一种校友返校日的活动，以及学生们为这天所做的准备和这一天所发生的活动。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“SeveraldaysbeforeHomecoming,studentsstarttodecoratetheschool.(返校前几天，学生们开始装饰学校)”可知，返校节前学生们开始忙于装饰学校。故选B。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段“Theyliketolookforteachersthattheyremember.Oftentheyseeoldfriendsandtheytalktogetheraboutthosehappyyearsinschool.ManypeoplestillcometoHomecomingtwentyorthirtyyearsaftertheirgraduation.(他们喜欢寻找他们记得的老师。他们经常看到老朋友，他们一起谈论那些快乐的学校岁月。许多人在毕业二、三十年后仍然参加返校节)”可推测，返回的这些人看望老师，同学，回忆当年的美好岁月，故划线词alumni指的是毕业生。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Duringthedayalumniwillgatherattheschool.Theyliketolookforteachersthattheyremember.Oftentheyseeoldfriendsandtheytalktogetheraboutthosehappyyearsinschool.(白天校友们会聚集在学校。他们喜欢寻找他们记得的老师。他们经常看到老朋友，他们一起谈论那些快乐的学校岁月)”以及第四段“Everyonesooncomestowatchthefootballgame.(每个人很快都来观看足球比赛)”可知，A项在文章中未提及。故选A。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“AnotherimportantmomentiswhentheHomecomingQueenorKingappears.AllthestudentsvotethemostpopularstudentHomecomingQueenorKing.(另一个重要的时刻是返校节女王或国王出现的时候。所有学生投票选出最受欢迎的学生为返校节皇后或国王)”可知，HomecomingQueenorKing是由学生们投票选出的。故选C。CParentsonceshouted,“Don’tgetdirty!”,astheyangrilywatchedtheirchildrenspoiltheirbestclothes,theirwhitesturningintobrownbeforethedaywasover.Today,manyparentsmaysecretlywishtheirchildrenhadthechancetopickupabitofdirt.Withtheriseofurbanism(城市化),andexcitingvideogamesandsocialmedia,contactwithnatureismuchrarerthaninthepast.Formany,thereissimplynochancetogetmuddy(沾满泥的).Accordingtorecentresearch,thedirtoutsideisteamingwithfriendlymicroorganismsthatcantraintheimmunesystemandbuildresistance(抵抗力)tomanyillnesses,includingallergies,asthmaandevendepressionandanxiety.Thesefindingsshowthatoutdoorexerciseisnotonlybeneficialbecauseofthechancetowanderfree—butthatcertainnaturalmaterials,suchassoilandmud,alsocontainsurprisinglypowerfulmicroorganismswhosepositiveimpactonchildren’shealthweareonlybeginningtofullyunderstand.Outdoorplaycanalsooffervaluablelearningexperiences.Forexample,theactofplayingmudorsandcanhelpchildrendevelopthewaytheirsensesandmovementinteract.Suchactivities—awayfromthehouseorclassroom—mayalsohelpchildrentofindwaystodealwithemotionsthatmaybehardtoexploreinotherenvironments.So-called“sandtraytherapy”,whichinvolvesusingsandandsmallstatuestoexpressone’sthoughtsandfeelings,isanacceptedformofguidanceforchildrenwhoarestrugglingtoexpresstheiremotionalstate.Clearly,peoplewhospentmosttheirchildhoodinthecountrysidetendtoshowabetterresponsetostressfuleventslikepublicspeakingcomparedwiththosewhohadgrownupincities.“Thepeoplewhogrewupincitiesarekindof‘walkingtimebombs’whenfacingthestresswemeettoday.However,peoplesincechildhoodwhospentlotsoftimeinnaturearegenerallymorepositive.”saysChristopherLowry,aprofessorofintegrativephysiology.28.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Byprovidingaresearch. B.Bygivingadefinition.C.Bymakingacomparison. D.Byansweringaquestion.29.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthebenefitofoutdoorexercise?A.Improvingtheimmunesystem. B.Expressingemotionsinproperways.C.Gainingvaluablelearningexperiences. D.Teamingwithfriendlymicroorganisms.30.Whyaresomepeople“walkingtimebombs”?A.Becausetheyareharmfultothepublic. B.Becausetheyaregoodatpublicspeaking.C.Becausetheyaremoreeasilyhurtbystress. D.Becausetheyalwaysstaypositiveandenergetic.31.Whatmessagedoesthepassagemainlyconvey?A.Gettingdirty?—Muddypuddlesareactuallygood.B.Outdooractivitiesarefarmorepopularthanbefore.C.Childrenwillhavenostressiftheyliveinthecountryside.DIllnessescanbeavoidedifchildrenareconfidentandpositive.【答案】28.C29.D30.C31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明，户外运动有许多好处，与在城市长大的人相比，童年大部分时间在农村度过的人往往对公众演讲等压力大的事件表现出更好的反应。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Parentsonceshouted,“Don’tgetdirty!”,astheyangrilywatchedtheirchildrenspoiltheirbestclothes,theirwhitesturningintobrownbeforethedaywasover.(父母们曾经大喊：“不要弄脏!，他们愤怒地看着孩子们弄脏了他们最好的衣服，一天还没结束，他们的白衣服就变成了棕色)”以及第二段“Today,manyparentsmaysecretlywishtheirchildrenhadthechancetopickupabitofdirt.(今天，许多父母可能暗自希望他们的孩子有机会捡起一点污垢)”结合下文介绍在户外的好处和“沙盘疗法”可推知，作者通过比较引入主题。故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Accordingtorecentresearch,thedirtoutsideisteamingwithfriendlymicroorganismsthatcantraintheimmunesystemandbuildresistance(抵抗力)tomanyillnesses,includingallergies,asthmaandevendepressionandanxiety.(根据最近的研究，室外的污垢与友好的微生物结合在一起，可以训练免疫系统，增强对许多疾病的抵抗力，包括过敏、哮喘，甚至抑郁和焦虑)”，第三段“Thesefindingsshowthatoutdoorexerciseisnotonlybeneficialbecauseofthechancetowanderfree—butthatcertainnaturalmaterials,suchassoilandmud,alsocontainsurprisinglypowerfulmicroorganismswhosepositiveimpactonchildren’shealthweareonlybeginningtofullyunderstand.Outdoorplaycanalsooffervaluablelearningexperiences.Forexample,theactofplayingmudorsandcanhelpchildrendevelopthewaytheirsensesandmovementinteract.(这些发现表明，户外运动不仅因为有机会自由漫步而有益，而且某些天然材料，如土壤和泥浆，也含有令人惊讶的强大微生物，它们对儿童健康的积极影响，我们才刚刚开始完全了解。户外活动也能提供宝贵的学习经验。例如，玩泥巴或沙子的行为可以帮助孩子们发展他们的感官和运动相互作用的方式)”以及第四段“Suchactivities—awayfromthehouseorclassroom—mayalsohelpchildrentofindwaystodealwithemotionsthatmaybehardtoexploreinotherenvironments.(这样的活动——远离家或教室——也可以帮助孩子们找到处理情绪的方法，这些情绪在其他环境中可能很难探索)”可知，与友好微生物合作不是户外运动的好处。故选D。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Clearly,peoplewhospentmosttheirchildhoodinthecountrysidetendtoshowabetterresponsetostressfuleventslikepublicspeakingcomparedwiththosewhohadgrownupincities.“Thepeoplewhogrewupincitiesarekindof‘walkingtimebombs’whenfacingthestresswemeettoday.(显然，与在城市长大的人相比，童年大部分时间在农村度过的人往往对公众演讲等压力大的事件表现出更好的反应。“面对我们今天所面临的压力，在城市长大的人有点像‘行走的定时炸弹’)”可知，有些人是“行走的定时炸弹”因为他们更容易受到压力的伤害。故选C。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第二段“Accordingtorecentresearch,thedirtoutsideisteamingwithfriendlymicroorganismsthatcantraintheimmunesystemandbuildresistance(抵抗力)tomanyillnesses,includingallergies,asthmaandevendepressionandanxiety.(根据最近的研究，室外的污垢与友好的微生物结合在一起，可以训练免疫系统，增强对许多疾病的抵抗力，包括过敏、哮喘，甚至抑郁和焦虑)”可知，文章主要说明了研究表明，户外运动有许多好处，与在城市长大的人相比，童年大部分时间在农村度过的人往往对公众演讲等压力大的事件表现出更好的反应。可知，A选项“变脏了？——泥泞的水坑其实很好”最符合文章标题。故选A。DDoyouknowthattheoldesttreeisa5,000-yearoldbristleconepine(狐尾松)locatedintheforestsofNevada?Unfortunately,manyofthesepreciousold-growthtreesarestartingtodisappearfromourplanet.Thetermold-growthreferstotreesthatare150yearsorolder.ThismeansthatmanyofthetreesontheEarthtodayareyounger,smaller,andhaveshorterlifespans.AstheEarth’stemperaturewarmsupduetoclimatechange,itishavingunintendedeffectsontheworld’sforests.Whentemperaturesrise,treesclosetheirpores(气孔)topreventthelossofmoisture,andthis,inturn,slowsdowntheprocessofphotosynthesis(光合作用).Asaresult,thesetreesareshorterandgrowslowly,aswellashaveahighdeathrate.Climatechangealsoincreasesthepossibilityofdroughtsandwildfires.Afterwildfires,ittakesawhilefortheforestecosystemstorecover,andinsomecases,theforestsarelostpermanently.Treesthatarestressedarealsosusceptible(易受影响的)toattacksbybacteria(细菌).Finally,humanshavechangedtheforestlandscapethroughlogging(伐木).TherearesomewhoclaimthatincreasedgreenhousegasemissionishelpingtreesgrowfasterbecauseCO2,isneededforphotosynthesis.Whilesomeyoungertreesmaybenefitfromthis,weareseeingsignificantlymorelossofforeststhangain.Old-growthforestsareastorehouseofcarbon,andwhentheydie,thestoredCO2,isreleasedintotheairworseningthegreenhouseeffect.Olderforestshavehigherbiodiversity,whichisbeneficialaseachorganismhasaroletoplayandthereisawidevarietyofspecies.Astheseforestsdisappear,speciesthatoncecalledthem“home”areforcedtorelocate,affectingthebiodiversityofthoseecosystems.Unfortunately,someendangeredspeciesareunabletoadaptandgoextinct.Withtreesdyingcontinuously,willfuturegenerationsmissoutonthewondersofforests?32.Whatisthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?A.Whybacteriamayattackoldtrees. B.Whatleadstotherisingtemperatures.C.Whyold-growthforestsaredisappearing. D.Howglobalwarmingcausesnaturaldisasters.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph4referto?A.Species. B.Olderforests. C.Organisms. D.Rolesorganismsplay.34.Thelastsentenceofthetextisactually____________.A.adoubt B.awarning C.ablame D.asuggestion35.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthistext?A.Tourgepeopletoreducegasemission. B.Toexplainthegreenhouseeffectontrees.C.Tointroducetheprocessofphotosynthesis. D.Tocallonpeopletoprotectold-growthtrees.【答案】32.C33.B34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了古树正在消失，今天地球上的许多树木都更年轻，更小，寿命更短。文章解释了为什么古老森林正在消失以及古老森林的重要性。【32题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“AstheEarth’stemperaturewarmsupduetoclimatechange,itishavingunintendedeffectsontheworld’sforests.Whentemperaturesrise,treesclosetheirpores(气孔)topreventthelossofmoisture,andthis,inturn,slowsdowntheprocessofphotosynthesis(光合作用).Asaresult,thesetreesareshorterandgrowslowly,aswellashaveahighdeathrate.Climatechangealsoincreasesthepossibilityofdroughtsandwildfires.Afterwildfires,ittakesawhilefortheforestecosystemstorecover,andinsomecases,theforestsarelostpermanently.Treesthatarestressedarealsosusceptible(易受影响的)toattacksbybacteria(细菌).Finally,humanshavechangedtheforestlandscapethroughlogging(伐木).(由于气候变化导致地球温度升高，这对世界森林产生了意想不到的影响。当温度升高时，树木会关闭气孔以防止水分流失，而这反过来又会减缓光合作用的过程。因此，这些树较矮，生长缓慢，死亡率也很高。气候变化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性。野火过后，森林生态系统需要一段时间才能恢复，在某些情况下，森林会永久消失。受到压力的树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。最后，人类通过伐木改变了森林景观)”可知，第二段的主旨是为什么古老森林正在消失。故选C。【33题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Olderforestshavehigherbiodiversity,whichisbeneficialaseachorganismhasaroletoplayandthereisawidevarietyofspecies.(古老森林具有更高的生物多样性，这是有益的，因为每种生物都可以发挥作用，而且此处物种种类繁多)”可知古老森林是许多物种的家园，以及划线词所在句“Astheseforestsdisappear,speciesthatoncecalledthem“home”areforcedtorelocate,affectingthebiodiversityofthoseecosystems”可知，随着古老森林的消失，曾经把古老森林称为“家园”的物种被迫搬迁，影响了这些生态系统的生物多样性。故划线词指的是“古老森林”。故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Withtreesdyingcontinuously,willfuturegenerationsmissoutonthewondersofforests?(随着树木的不断死亡，子孙后代会错过森林的奇观吗？)”结合文章主要说明了古树正在消失，今天地球上的许多树木都更年轻，更小，寿命更短。文章解释了为什么古老森林正在消失以及古老森林的重要性。可推知，作者通过文章最后一句反问来警告人们失去古树的后果。故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Unfortunately,manyofthesepreciousold-growthtreesarestartingtodisappearfromourplanet.(不幸的是，许多珍贵的古树正开始从我们的星球上消失。)”和倒数第二段“Old-growthforestsareastorehouseofcarbon,andwhentheydie,thestoredCO2,isreleasedintotheairworseningthegreenhouseeffect.(古老森林是碳的仓库，当它们死亡时，储存的二氧化碳被释放到空气中，加剧了温室效应)”结合文章主要说明了古树正在消失，今天地球上的许多树木都更年轻，更小，寿命更短。文章解释了为什么古老森林正在消失以及古老森林的重要性。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁人们保护古树。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Way’stoMakeaGreatFirstImpressionYou’vehearditamilliontimesalready,butitreallytakesafewsecondstomakeagoodfirstimpression.Herearesomeeasywaysforyoutoimpressyourclassmatesorteachers.___36___Beforeyoushakehandswithsomebody,makesurethatyourhandsareclean.Thehandshakeshouldnotbetoostrongorweak.Mostpeopleusetheirrighthands,unlesstheyhaveareasontousetheleft.___37___BeontimeWhenmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,arrivingontimeisveryimportant.Youmayhaveanexcuse,butthatwillleavethepersonwithabadimpression.___38___It’sbettertobealittleearlierthanbelate.IntroduceyourselfandaskfornamesMakesureyouproperlyintroduceyourself.Askfortheirnamesinapoliteway.___39___Thiswillincreasethechancesoftheirrememberingyournameinthefuture.Alwaysremembertostandupwhengreetingsomeoneandbesuretointroducethemtoanyoneyou’rewith.MakegoodconversationTogetthemostoutofyourdiscussion,trytofindsomethingcommonbetweenthetwoofyou.___40___Apersonwillfeelmorecomfortablewithsomeonetheycanrelateto(产生共鸣).A.Usebodylanguage.B.Haveaproperhandshake.C.Repeatthenameanduseitlaterinconversation.D.Asageneralrule,plantoarriveabout30minutesearly.E.Itcouldbeasimilartasteinclothesoracommonhobby.F.You’llbeinserioustroubleifyouleavethemwithabadimpression.G.However,don’thaveyourlefthandinyourpocketbecausethisappearsimpolite.【答案】36.B37.G38.D39.C40.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了如何给人留下美好的第一印象。【36题详解】空格处是本段小标题，根据下文“Beforeyoushakehandswithsomebody,makesurethatyourhandsareclean.Thehandshakeshouldnotbetoostrongorweak.(在你和别人握手之前，确保你的手是干净的。握手不应该太用力或太弱。)”可知，这段主要介绍握手的方式。B项“Haveaproperhandshake.(握手要得体。)”说明了握手要得体，是讲的握手的方式，概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，选项中的“handshake”和下文中的“shakehands”，“handshake”内容一致。故选B。【37题详解】根据前句“Mostpeopleusetheirrighthands,unlesstheyhaveareasontousetheleft.(大多数人使用右手，除非他们有理由使用左手。)”可知，空格处应该承接前句中提到的theleft。G项“However,don’thaveyourlefthandinyourpocketbecausethisappearsimpolite.(但是，不要把左手放在口袋里，因为这显得不礼貌。)”提到了和左手相关的内容，选择项中的“lefthand”和前句中的“theleft”保持一致，且前后句之间为转折关系，因此G选项承接上文，符合语境。故选G。【38题详解】根据后句“It’sbettertobealittleearlierthanbelate.(早一点到总比迟到好。)”可知，前句建议要提前到达。D项“Asageneralrule,plantoarriveabout30minutesearly.(一般来说，计划提前30分钟到达。)”说明了要提前到达，选择项中的“early”和后句中的“earlier”保持一致，因此D选项承上启下，符合语境。故选D。【39题详解】根据前句“Askfortheirnamesinapol