山东省菏泽市牡丹区2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末考试英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省菏泽市牡丹区2024-2025学年高二下学期7月期末英语试卷第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWalkingaroundlargecitiesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates,you’dbeforgivenforthinkingthatwe’relivinginaworldofaffordableandeffortlessmobilityforall,withthesmartphoneinyourpocket,withavarietyofsharedmobility—sharedbikesandelectriccars,andanUberorLyftnevermorethanfiveminutesaway.However,theaccesstosharedmobilityisn’tequal.Ifyou’redisabledorelderly,livinginalow-incomearea—orwithoutasmartphoneorcreditcard,usingthesesharedmobilityservicesbecomesalotmoredifficult.Theytendtogatherinurbanareas,andareofteninaccessibletopeoplewithreducedmobilityorthosetravelingwithyoungchildrenneedingchildseats.Tobemosteffective,itneedstoincludeeveryone.For-profitsharedmobilityprovidershavelargelyfailedtodeliveronthis.Butprojectsarefindingcreativesolutionstoreachunderservedcommunities.Thelocalgovernmentshaveprovidedfundsforlow-incomeresidents,whichhaveshownpromiseinincreasingtheuseofsharedmobilitywhiledecreasingtheuseofpersonalvehicles.NonprofitSharedMobilityInc.inNewYorklaunchedTheE-BikeLibrarymodelhelpingunderservedcommunitysetupe-bikelibraries.Carshares,bikesharesandthelikeareapositivefortheenvironment.Theycouldbeakeypartofamoresustainabletransportationsystem.On-demandsharedmobilitycouldreducethenumberofvehiclesinsomecitiesby90percentandcuttransportationemissionsby50percent—butonlyifitlargelyreplacesprivatecaruse.“Thecarhastobeaguest,notthemainactor,”saysLuisMartinez,whocoauthoredapaperonsharedmobilityandsustainabilityinthe2024AnnualReviewofEnvironmentandResources.1.Whatproblemdoessharedmobilityface?A.Safetyrisksforelectriccars. B.Unequalaccessforcertaingroups.C.Highcostsinmostcommunities. D.Lackofsmartphoneappsforoldpeople.2.Whathavelocalgovernmentsdonetohelpunderservedcommunities?A.Offeredfreerides. B.Setupe-bikelibraries.C.Providedfinancialsupport. D.Increasedsharedmobilityprices.3.WhatdoesLuisMartinezsuggestaboutsharedmobility?A.Itshouldbeaguest. B.Itneedsfurtherstudy.C.Itwillreplaceprivatecars. D.Itshouldbeencouraged.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了共享出行在表面便利下存在的访问不平等问题、解决措施以及共享出行在可持续发展中的作用。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“However,theaccesstosharedmobilityisn’tequal.Ifyou’redisabledorelderly,livinginalow-incomearea—orwithoutasmartphoneorcreditcard,usingthesesharedmobilityservicesbecomesalotmoredifficult.(然而，共享出行的机会并不平等。如果你是残疾人或老年人，生活在低收入地区，或者没有智能手机或信用卡，使用这些共享出行服务就会变得更加困难。)”可知，共享出行面临某些群体的获取机会不平等的问题。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thelocalgovernmentshaveprovidedfundsforlow-incomeresidents,whichhaveshownpromiseinincreasingtheuseofsharedmobilitywhiledecreasingtheuseofpersonalvehicles.(地方政府为低收入居民提供了资金，这显示出在增加共享出行使用的同时减少个人车辆使用的潜力。)”可知，地方政府为帮助服务不足的社区提供了财政支持。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Thecarhastobeaguest,notthemainactor,’saysLuisMartinez,whocoauthoredapaperonsharedmobilityandsustainabilityinthe2024AnnualReviewofEnvironmentandResources.(‘汽车必须是一个客人，而不是主角，’LuisMartinez说，他与他人合著了一篇关于共享出行和可持续性的论文，发表在2024年《环境与资源年度评论》上。)”可知，LuisMartinez认为汽车必须是一个客人，而不是主角，也就是说，他建议应该鼓励共享出行，减少私家车的使用。故选D。BInAntarctica,myteamreallywantedtocapturethemomentwhenemperorpenguin(企鹅)chicksjumpintotheoceanfortheirfirstswim.WehadbeeninAntarcticafortwomonthsbeforeitwastimeforthesechickstofledge.Fledgingiswhenbirdsgrowfeathersthat,helpthemflyor,inthecaseofpenguins,swim.MomandDadhaveheadedouttoseaforgood,andthefive-month-oldchicksarerealizingtheirparentsaren’tcomingback:Theymusthuntforthemselves.Sothesepenguin“teenagers”formlittlegroupsandstartwaddling(摇摆)towardtheseatogether.Theyoungpenguinslookmessyastheyshedthesoftfeathersthatkeepthemwarmandgrowouttheiradultswimmingfeathers.Eachhasauniqueboy-band-stylehaircut.Thepenguinsmustwalkabout15milesfromthehomeatopanenormousiceshelftoreachthewater’sedge.Wefollowthebirdsfromafaronsnowmobiles.Theycrowdtogetherattheendofthepathandstaredownlike,“what’sthat?”They’veneverseentheoceanbefore!Tomyamazement,Iseeseveralhundredchicksgatherattheedgeofa50-footicecliff!Theystandtogetherforfourhours,staringattheroughwaterbelow.Finallyonechickstepsinfrontoftheothers,waddlestotheedgeofthecliffanddivesofftheside.Iwatchinfear,afraidthebirdwon’tresurfaceinthewaterafterthelongfall.Butthenitmakesit,backup!Itswimsfartherouttosea,neverlookingback.Atfirsttheotherpenguinsarelike“Ohmygosh,whatdidStevejustdo?”Butthentheyrealizeit’ssafetojump.Theybegintopouroffthecliff,severallittlesoftballsatatime.Somejumpoffstylishly,andothersslipandfallbackward.Someevenflaptheirwingsasifthey’llfly.Thisdiveistheirentranceintoadulthood.They’llswimouttoseaandwon’treturntothehomeforseveralyears.Howluckywearetoseethishugemomentintheirlives.4.Whatdoesfledgingmeanforpenguins?A.They’llflylikeotherbirds. B.They’lllookfortheirparents.C.They’lllookcoolerthanever. D.They’llliveanindependentlife.5.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouttheyoungpenguinsatthecliff?A.Frightened. B.Concerned. C.Excited. D.Confused.6.Whodoes“Steve”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Thefatherpenguin. B.Theauthor.C.Thefirstpenguintodive. D.Theauthor’steammate.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.DiveintoAdulthood. B.LegendsofPenguins.C.SceneryinAntarctica. D.AdventuresinAntarctica.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在南极洲观察帝企鹅幼鸟第一次跳入海洋游泳的情景，展现了企鹅成长过程中的一个重要时刻。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Fledgingiswhenbirdsgrowfeathersthat,helpthemflyor,inthecaseofpenguins,swim.MomandDadhaveheadedouttoseaforgood,andthefive-month-oldchicksarerealizingtheirparentsaren’tcomingback:Theymusthuntforthemselves.(幼鸟长出飞羽是鸟类长出能够帮助它们飞行的羽毛的阶段，而对于企鹅来说，则是长出能够帮助它们游泳的羽毛。爸爸妈妈已经永远地出海了，五个月大的小企鹅意识到它们的父母不会回来了：它们必须自己捕猎。)”可知，对于企鹅来说，长出飞羽意味着它们必须自己捕猎，过上独立的生活。故选D。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Tomyamazement,Iseeseveralhundredchicksgatherattheedgeofa50-footicecliff!Theystandtogetherforfourhours,staringattheroughwaterbelow.Finallyonechickstepsinfrontoftheothers,waddlestotheedgeofthecliffanddivesofftheside.

Iwatchinfear,afraidthebirdwon’tresurfaceinthewaterafterthelongfall.(令我惊讶的是，我看到几百只小企鹅聚集在50英尺高的冰崖边！他们一起站了四个小时，凝视着下面汹涌的海浪。最后，一只小企鹅走在其他企鹅的前面，摇摇摆摆地走到悬崖边，从悬崖边跳下去。我惊恐地看着，害怕这只鸟在漫长的坠落后不会再浮出水面。)”可知，作者对悬崖上的小企鹅感到担心。故选B。【6题详析】词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Atfirsttheotherpenguinsarelike‘Ohmygosh,whatdidStevejustdo?’Butthentheyrealizeit’ssafetojump.Theybegintopouroffthecliff,severallittlesoftballsatatime.(起初，其他企鹅就像‘哦，天哪，Steve刚才做了什么？’但后来它们意识到跳下去是安全的。它们开始从悬崖上倾泻而下，一次几个小软球。)”，结合上文“Finallyonechickstepsinfrontoftheothers,waddlestotheedgeofthecliffanddivesofftheside.(最后，一只小企鹅走到其他企鹅前面，摇摇晃晃地走到悬崖边，从边上跳了下去。)”可知，这里的“Steve”指的是第一个跳水的企鹅。故选C。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thisdiveistheirentranceintoadulthood.They’llswimouttoseaandwon’treturntothehomeforseveralyears.Howluckywearetoseethishugemomentintheirlives.(这次跳水是它们进入成年的入口。它们会游向大海，几年都不会回家。我们很幸运能看到它们生命中的这个重要时刻。)”并结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲述了作者在南极洲观察帝企鹅幼鸟第一次跳入海洋游泳的情景，展现了企鹅成长过程中的一个重要时刻，所以选项A“跃入成年”最能概括文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A。CI’vealwayslovedbooks.WhenIwasachild,Iwouldbringthemeverywhere.Ibecameareaderintheabsenceofdigitalaudiobooks,andtheyneverreallyenteredmyworldofreading.Nevertheless,withtheriseofsmartphones,audiobookshaveexplodedinpopularity,andaswithanynewinterest,newcriticismshaveriseninresponse—audiobooksaren’treallybooks,andthatlisteningtothemisn’treallyreading.I’lladmit,Iusedtothinkthataudiobooks“didn’tcount”becauseyoucouldlistentothempassively.OneofmybiggestannoyancesiswanderingduringanaudiobookandrealizingIhavenoideawhereIstoppedpayingattention.AndI’malsostillaprintbooklover—Ihateebooks,andIonlyusethemwhenit’stoughtogetabookanyotherway.ButIhavegrowntoloveaudiobooksforthedistinctadvantagestheyoffer—forexample,somehavevoiceactorsdodistinctivevoicesfordifferentcharacters,oractuallyputmelodytosongsthatonlyhavelyricsinthewrittentext.AgreatexampleisCaryElwes’AsYouWish:InconceivableTalesfromtheMakingofThePrincessBride.Elwesnarratesthebookhimself,andbringsotheractorsfromthefilmlikeMandyPatinkinandRobinWrightfromthefilmtonarratetheirownsections.That’sjustanexperienceyou’renevergoingtogetwithapaperback(平装书).SometimesIpreferanaudiobook.It’stheonlywaytoreadifI’monalongdriveorifIwanttodomultitasks.SometimesIpreferabook.Ilovethewaybooksfeelinmyhands,Iloveflippingpages,andIlovecollectingbookmarks.Engagewithbookshoweveryouwant.Buythem,getthemfromthelibrary,borrowthemfromfriends,downloadthemonline,itdoesn’tmatter.Don’twehavebetterusesforourtimethantopickaparthowotherpeopletakeininformation?8.Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A.Anissueaboutaudiobooks. B.Anopinionaboutprintbooks.C.Areadingstoryinchildhood. D.Apopularbeliefofdigitalreading.9.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofaudiobooksbefore?A.Listeningtothemwasreallyreading.B.Listeningtothemwasapassiveinvolvement.C.Heknewwherehewaswhenlisteningtothem.D.Hethoughtiteasiertofindthemthanprintbooks.10.WhydoestheauthormentionCaryElwes’audiobook?A.Tointroduceitsactors. B.Toshowhisreadingpreference.C.Tohighlightitsuniquefeatures. D.Tosharehisreadingexperience.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.It’sbeneficialtochooseonereadingway.B.It’susefultoknowaboutothers’readingtime.C.It’snecessarytoobtainvariousreadingresources.D.It’spracticaltousedifferentwaysofreadingbooks.【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了作者对有声书和纸质书的不同看法和态度，认为无论选择哪种阅读方式，重要的是享受阅读的过程，而不是纠结于别人如何获取信息。【8题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“I’vealwayslovedbooks.WhenIwasachild,Iwouldbringthemeverywhere.Ibecameareaderintheabsenceofdigitalaudiobooks,andtheyneverreallyenteredmyworldofreading.Nevertheless,withtheriseofsmartphones,audiobookshaveexplodedinpopularity,andaswithanynewinterest,newcriticismshaveriseninresponse—audiobooksaren’treallybooks,andthatlisteningtothemisn’treallyreading.(我一直都很喜欢书。当我还是个孩子的时候，我会把它们带到任何地方。在没有数字有声书的时候，我成为了一个读者，而它们从未真正进入我的阅读世界。然而，随着智能手机的兴起，有声书开始大受欢迎，就像任何新的兴趣一样，也出现了新的批评——有声书并不是真正的书，听有声书也不是真正的阅读。)”可知，第一段主要讲的是有声书的一个问题，即“有声书并不是真正的书，听有声书也不是真正的阅读”。故选A。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“I’lladmit,Iusedtothinkthataudiobooks“didn’tcount”becauseyoucouldlistentothempassively.(我承认，我过去认为有声书“不算数”，因为你可以被动地听它们。)”可知，作者以前认为听有声书是一种被动的参与。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“ButIhavegrowntoloveaudiobooksforthedistinctadvantagestheyoffer—forexample,somehavevoiceactorsdodistinctivevoicesfordifferentcharacters,oractuallyputmelodytosongsthatonlyhavelyricsinthewrittentext.AgreatexampleisCaryElwes’AsYouWish:InconceivableTalesfromtheMakingofThePrincessBride.Elwesnarratesthebookhimself,andbringsotheractorsfromthefilmlikeMandyPatinkinandRobinWrightfromthefilmtonarratetheirownsections.That’sjustanexperienceyou’renevergoingtogetwithapaperback(平装书).(但我逐渐爱上了有声书，因为它们有独特的优势——例如，有些有声书会让配音演员为不同的角色做不同的声音，或者为只有书面歌词的歌曲配上旋律。一个很好的例子是CaryElwes的《如你所愿：公主新娘制作中不可思议的故事》。Elwes自己讲述了这本书，并邀请了电影中的其他演员，如MandyPatinkin和RobinWright，来讲述他们自己的部分。这是你在平装书中永远无法获得的体验。)”可知，作者提到CaryElwes的有声书是为了突出有声书有独特的优势。故选C。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“SometimesIpreferanaudiobook.It’stheonlywaytoreadifI’monalongdriveorifIwanttodomultitasks.SometimesIpreferabook.Ilovethewaybooksfeelinmyhands,Iloveflippingpages,andIlovecollectingbookmarks.(有时我更喜欢有声书。如果我在长途驾驶或想同时做多项任务，这是唯一的阅读方式。有时我更喜欢纸质书。我喜欢书在我手里的感觉，我喜欢翻页，我喜欢收集书签。)”和最后一段“Engagewithbookshoweveryouwant.Buythem,getthemfromthelibrary,borrowthemfromfriends,downloadthemonline,itdoesn’tmatter.Don’twehavebetterusesforourtimethantopickaparthowotherpeopletakeininformation?(以任何你喜欢的方式与书互动。买它们，从图书馆借，从朋友那里借，在网上下载，都没关系。我们难道没有更好的方式来利用我们的时间，而不是去分析别人如何获取信息吗？)”可知，作者认为使用不同的阅读方式是实际的。故选D。DCorrectingthegigabytes

(千兆字节)ofdigitalmisinformationthatcirculateathighspeedonlineisanever-endingtask.YouTuberemovedmorethanhalfamillionchannelslastyearforbroadcastingmisinformation.Thepowerfulfact-checkingorganizationsthattrytokeeptheInternethonestfacemoreclaimsthantheycanhandle.Howshouldtheyprioritize?Checkerscameupwithanewapproach:forecastingwhichclaimsaremostdangerousandthuswhichmostdeservetobeputunderthemicroscope.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofWestminsterdevelopedaclassifyingsystemtosortdangerousmisinformationfromeverydaynonsense.Onetestofafalseclaimiswhetherenoughpeoplewillbelieveitsothatitcancauseanyharm.Toswinganelectionwithmisinformation,youneedtopersuademanypeople;tofoolsomeonewithfakemedicineyouneedtoconvinceonlyone.Anothertestiswhetherthosebelievingafalseclaimhavethecapacitytoactonit.SomepeoplemaybemisledthatWi-Fisignalscankillplants,forexample,butareunlikelytochangetheirbehaviour.Theresearchersestimatedthat,ofthefalseclaimsintheirsample,57%wereunlikelytocontributetoanyspecificreal-worldeffect.Oftheremaining,potentiallyconsequentialmisinformation,thecheckersconsideredwhethertheconsequencewouldbe“direct”—suchaspersuadingpeopletobuycertainkindofgoods,or“cumulative”,contributingtoafalsenarrativeaboutso-calledsuccessscience.Theclaimswereroughlyevenlydivided.“Cumulative”harmishardertoassessinashorttime,saysPeterCunliffeJonesoftheUniversityofWestminster,butlargedatasetsmakeitpossibletoseehowoftenaclaimisrepeated,andthuswhenanarrativeisforming.Timedevotedtoselectingwhichfalseclaimstocheckisprobablywellspent.Ittakesfiveminutestosortaclaim,whereascarryingoutathoroughchecktakesfivetosixhours.Thefact-checkingworldneedstogetmoresystematicinitsapproach,saysMr.CunliffeJones.“Ifthiscommunityisgoingtolearnanythingfromthis...it’sthatdataisthefuture.”12.Whatisthemainchallengefact-checkingorganizationsmeet?A.Lackofprofessionalfact-checkers.B.Difficultyinaccessingreliabledata.C.Resistancefromsocialmediaplatforms.D.Theoverwhelmingamountofinformation.13.Inwhichcasemayafalseclaimbeclassifiedinto“mostdangerous”?A.Ittargetsordinarypeople. B.Itbringsaboutanaction.C.Itdisguisesitselfwithscience. D.Itspreadsonmanysocialmedia.14.Whatistheclosestinmeaningwiththeunderlinedword“cumulative”inparagraph4?A.Equal. B.Complete. C.Gradual. D.Instant.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.It’suptodatatokeeptheInternethonest.B.Mostfalseclaimsrequirethoroughchecks.C.Itwastestoomuchtoclassifymisinformation.D.Selectingmattersmorethanthoroughchecks.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了因互联网上的虚假信息高速传播，事实核查机构已不堪重负。并介绍了一种新的优先级方法，即用数据预测哪些谣言最危险，从而把有限的人力优先投入最值得核查的内容。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文中第一段“Thepowerfulfact-checkingorganizationsthattrytokeeptheInternethonestfacemoreclaimsthantheycanhandle.(试图维护互联网真实性的强大事实核查组织面临的虚假信息数量超出了它们的处理能力)”可知，事实核查组织面临的主要挑战是需处理的信息数量过多，难以应对。故选D项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据文中第三段“Onetestofafalseclaimiswhetherenoughpeoplewillbelieveitsothatitcancauseanyharm.(对虚假主张的一个检验标准是，是否因足够多的人相信它，从而造成任何危害)”以及“Anothertestiswhetherthosebelievingafalseclaimhavethecapacitytoactonit.(另一个检验标准是，那些相信虚假主张的人是否有能力据此采取行动)”可知，若虚假信息能让相信它的人采取行动，就可能被归为“最危险”类别。故选B项。【14题详析】词义猜测题。根据文中第四段“Oftheremaining,potentiallyconsequentialmisinformation,thecheckersconsideredwhethertheconsequencewouldbe‘direct’—suchaspersuadingpeopletobuycertainkindsofgoods,or‘cumulative’,contributingtoafalsenarrativeaboutso-calledsuccessscience.(核查人员对剩下的、可能造成影响的不实信息进行了考量：影响是‘直接的’——比如说服人们购买某类商品；还是‘cumulative’——助推形成关于所谓成功学的错误说法)”，可知“cumulative”是与“direct”相对立的，即“逐步累积的”，与“gradual”意思相近。故选C项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据文中最后一段Thefact-checkingworldneedstogetmoresystematicinitsapproach,saysMrCunliffJones.‘Ifthiscommunityisgoingtolearnanythingfromthis...it’sthatdataisthefuture.’(Cunliff先生表示，事实核查领域需要在方法上更加系统化。‘如果这个群体要从这件事中学到什么……那就是数据就是未来’)”可知，依靠数据能让事实核查更系统，即数据的运用将成为维护网络真实的关键。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。MarkusHofmuellerlovesbakingandcommitstosupportingpeoplewithhearinglossandin2022,hetookoverBach’sBakeryfromhisfellowGermanfriend.____16____Hofmuellersaysthatthebakeryexistsbecauseofthebakers.Hewantspeopletolearnskillstosupporttheirfamiliesorevenownabusinessinthefuture.____17____“I’mhappiestwhenIseethemgrowinthejob,”hesays.“Theyaccumulatemoreskillsandknowledgeandkeepimproving,whichIvaluethemost.”ChiefbakerWangTinghasworkedthereforsevenyearsandsaysthatworkinghelpedherimproveherbakingandmanagementskills.Becausethebakerscannothear,theypaymoreattentiontowhattheysee,especiallydetailsotherstendtooverlook.____18____Itisimportantforthebakerybecausebreadqualitycanbejudgedbyitsappearance,Hofmuellerexplains.HofmuellerandhiswifehaveaddednewflavorsandlaunchedaWeChataccountandmini-program.TheysharebakerynewsonWeChatmomentseveryday.____19____Thelocalscometothestoretoeatandgather.Heoftenjokesthattheyrunthestorewithhim.WhenHofmuellermadeapostaskingwhereheshouldbuyanovenonhisWeChatmoments,hereceivedmanysuggestions.Planningtoworkwithvocationalschools,heaimstoexpandthebakery’strainingprogramstoassistandtrainmorepeople,notjustpeoplewithhearingloss.“Itisverymeaningful,”Hofmuellersays.“NomatterwhatIdo,Ifeelastrongsenseofresponsibility.”____20____Heknowsitiswhathewants.A.Hefollowsandtrustshisheart.B.Thebakery’semployeesareapriority.C.Itsoonbecomespopularamonglocals.D.Inthisbakerysilencespeaksmorethanwords.E.Andheplanstoopenmorebakeriesnationwide.F.Attentiontodetailiswhatmakesthebakersspecial.G.Thebakeryhasbecomeameetingplaceforeveryone.【答案】16.C17.B18.F19.G20.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了MarkusHofmueller接管了Bach’sBakery，并致力于帮助有听力障碍的人，通过烘焙技能培训帮助他们提升自我，同时他还积极创新，扩大影响力，展现出了强烈的社会责任感。【16题详析】上文“MarkusHofmuellerlovesbakingandcommitstosupportingpeoplewithhearinglossandin2022,hetookoverBach’sBakeryfromhisfellowGermanfriend.(MarkusHofmueller热爱烘焙，致力于帮助听力受损的人，2022年，他从德国朋友手中接管了Bach’sBakery。)”介绍了MarkusHofmueller接管了Bach’sBakery，空处说明接管后的情况。选项“Itsoonbecomespopularamonglocals.(它很快在当地人中流行起来。)”说明了接管后的情况，即面包店在当地人中很受欢迎，符合语境。故选C。【17题详析】上文“Hofmuellersaysthatthebakeryexistsbecauseofthebakers.Hewantspeopletolearnskillstosupporttheirfamiliesorevenownabusinessinthefuture.(Hofmueller表示，这家面包店能存在，功劳要归于面包师们。他希望人们能学习技能，以便将来养家糊口，甚至自己创业。)”强调面包师的重要性，空处进一步说明面包师的重要性。选项“Thebakery’semployeesareapriority.(面包店的员工是首要考虑的。)”强调了面包师的重要性，符合语境。故选B。【18题详析】上文“Becausethebakerscannothear,theypaymoreattentiontowhattheysee,especiallydetailsotherstendtooverlook.(因为面包师听不到，所以他们更关注他们所看到的，尤其是别人容易忽视的细节。)”提到了面包师对细节的关注，空处进一步说明关注细节对面包师的重要性。选项“Attentiontodetailiswhatmakesthebakersspecial.(注重细节是面包师的特别之处。)”符合语境。故选F。【19题详析】上文“HofmuellerandhiswifehaveaddednewflavorsandlaunchedaWeChataccountandmini-program.TheysharebakerynewsonWeChatmomentseveryday.(Hofmueller和他的妻子推出了新口味的产品，还开通了微信账号和小程序。他们每天都会在微信朋友圈分享面包店的动态。)”提到Hofmueller和他的妻子在社交媒体上的活跃，空处说明这种活跃带来的影响。选项“Thebakeryhasbecomeameetingplaceforeveryone.(面包店已经成为每个人的聚会场所。)”说明了这种活跃使得面包店成为了大家的聚会场所，符合语境。故选G。【20题详析】上文“Planningtoworkwithvocationalschools,heaimstoexpandthebakery’strainingprogramstoassistandtrainmorepeople,notjustpeoplewithhearingloss.(他计划与职业学校合作，旨在扩大面包店的培训项目，以帮助和培训更多的人，而不仅仅是听力受损的人。)”提到了Hofmueller的计划，空处说明Hofmueller对计划的看法。选项“Hefollowsandtrustshisheart.(他追随并相信自己的内心。)”说明了Hofmueller对自己计划的坚定信念，符合语境。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Itwasmybirthday,andIwascelebratingitasIhadforyears:bywatchingtheannualAugustheavenlywonder,themeteor(流星)showerinnight.Butthisyearwas____21____.Istudiedformygraduatedegreeinmedicine,asIhad____22____todoforthepast15years.Butnow,watchingitacrossthenightsky,Ibeganto____23____thepathIhadtaken.Intheweekssincestartingmycourses,IhadmetpeoplewithjobsandPh.D.sintheareasIhadnever____24____—neuroscience,archaeology,andeven____25____,broadeningmyhorizons.____26____,anothereventhelpedmemakeadecision:asolareclipse(日食).Afterthetripalongthewindingmountainroad,Ifounda____27____spotinavalleysurroundedbythemountains,nothingbesidesoccasionalbirds’songs.The____28____builtastheMoongraduallyslidinfrontoftheSun.Finally,whentheworldaroundmebecame____29____,IknewIhadtopursuepreviously_____30_____options.Thenextfouryearsweresomeofthemost_____31_____ofmylife.Iworkedvarious_____32_____jobs:washingatrestaurants,andthensellingclothesatstores.Igotajobasateachingassistantandconductedresearch.Ieventually_____33_____withanotherbachelor’sdegreeinphysics,andbeganaPh.D.programinastronomy.Now,abouttokickoffmyfinalyearofmyPh.D.,Irealizethatmy_____34_____fortheskygavemeagreatgift.It_____35_____mefromallowingearthlyworries,shame,orself-doubttostandinthewayofchasingnewdreams.21.A.normal B.different C.diverse D.ordinary22.A.hesitated B.refused C.feared D.planned23.A.question B.accept C.follow D.find24.A.ignored B.recalled C.considered D.admitted25.A.literature B.astronomy C.history D.geography26.A.Sadly B.Gradually C.Accidentally D.Eventually27.A.peaceful B.warm C.muddy D.wild28.A.panic B.sadness C.anticipation D.confusion29.A.hot B.noisy C.strange D.dark30.A.misled B.unimagined C.mismatched D.unspoken31.A.cheerful B.relaxing C.successful D.challenging32.A.easy B.stable C.decent D.odd33.A.trained B.left C.graduated D.struggled34.A.love B.knowledge C.study D.thinking35.A.freed B.protected C.banned D.distracted【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.C27.A28.C29.D30.B31.D32.D33.C34.A35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了生日看流星雨时，作者开始质疑既定的医学之路，日食让他决心追寻未想过的方向，历经挑战后获物理学学位并攻读天文学博士，对天空的热爱助他追梦。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但今年不同了。A.normal正常的；B.different不同的；C.diverse多种多样的；D.ordinary普通的。根据前文“IwascelebratingitasIhadforyears:bywatchingtheannualAugustheavenlywonder,themeteor(流星)showerinnight”提到像多年来一样庆祝生日（看流星雨），但后文转折讲述作者对人生道路的反思，说明今年“不同”。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我攻读医学研究生学位，这是我过去15年来一直计划的。A.hesitated犹豫；B.refused拒绝；C.feared害怕；D.planned计划。根据上文“Istudiedformygraduatedegreeinmedicine”可知，作者过去15年都计划学习医学研究生学位。故选D项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但现在，看着它划过夜空，我开始质疑自己选择的道路。A.question质疑；B.accept接受；C.follow遵循；D.find发现。根据该句中的“thepathIhadtaken”结合后文作者改变方向可知，此时观看流星雨时，他开始“质疑”自己选择的道路。故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在开始上课后的几个星期里，我遇到了很多在我从未考虑过的领域工作和获得博士学位的人——神经科学、考古学，甚至天文学，这开阔了我的视野。A.ignored忽视；B.recalled回忆；C.considered考虑；D.admitted承认。根据下文“neuroscience,archaeology,andeven________,broadeningmyhorizons.”可知，作者遇到了在神经科学、考古学甚至天文学等自己从未考虑过的领域有工作和博士学位的人。故选C项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在开始上课后的几个星期里，我遇到了很多在我从未考虑过的领域工作和获得博士学位的人——神经科学、考古学，甚至天文学，这开阔了我的视野。A.literature文学；B.astronomy天文学；C.history历史；D.geography地理。根据下文“andbeganaPh.D.programinastronomy”作者后来开始天文学博士课程，可知这里提到的领域有天文学。故选B项。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：偶然的是，另一件事帮助我做出了决定：日食。A.Sadly悲伤地；B.Gradually逐渐地；C.Accidentally偶然地；D.Eventually最终。根据语境以及下文“anothereventhelpedmemakeadecision:asolareclipse.”提到日食，由此可知，“偶然的是”另一件事（日食）帮助作者做了决定。故选C项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沿着蜿蜒的山路旅行后，我在群山环绕的山谷里找到了一个安静的地方，除了偶尔的鸟鸣，什么也没有。A.peaceful安静的；B.warm暖和的；C.muddy泥泞的；D.wild野生的，野蛮的。根据语境以及下文“nothingbesidesoccasionalbirds’songs”可知，在山谷里找到一个安静的地方，除了偶尔的鸟鸣什么都没有。故选A项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着月球逐渐滑到太阳前面，人们的期待越来越强烈。A.panic恐慌；B.sadness悲伤；C.anticipation期待，预期；D.confusion困惑。根据下文“astheMoongraduallyslidinfrontoftheSun”可知，随着月亮逐渐滑到太阳前面，期待感越来越强烈。故选C项。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，当我周围的世界变得黑暗时，我知道我必须追求以前想象不到的选择。A.hot热的；B.noisy嘈杂的；C.strange奇怪的；D.dark黑暗的。根据常识可知，日食发生时，月亮完全遮挡太阳，周围世界变得“黑暗”。故选D项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，当我周围的世界变得黑暗时，我知道我必须追求以前想象不到的选择。A.misled误导的；B.unimagined未想象过的；C.mismatched不匹配的；D.unspoken未说出口的。根据前文“IhadmetpeoplewithjobsandPh.D.sintheareasIhadneverconsidered”提到作者遇到新领域，这里是追求未想象过的选择。故选B项。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接下来的四年是我人生中最具挑战性的四年。A.cheerful愉快的；B.relaxing放松的；C.successful成功的；D.challenging有挑战性的。根据下文“Iworkedvarious________jobs:washingatrestaurants,andthensellingclothesatstores.”可知，作者做了各种不同的工作，还进行研究等，因此这四年是作者一生中最具挑战性的。故选D项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我做过各种各样的零工：在餐馆洗衣服，然后在商店卖衣服。A.easy容易的；B.stable稳定的；C.decent体面的；D.odd临时的，零工的。根据下文“washingatrestaurants,andthensellingclothesatstores”可知，作者做了各种零工。故选D项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我又获得了物理学学士学位，并开始攻读天文学博士学位。A.trained训练；B.left离开；C.graduated毕业，获得学位；D.struggled挣扎。根据下文“anotherbachelor’sdegreeinphysics,andbeganaPh.D.programinastronomy”可知，作者最终获得了另一个物理学学士学位。故选C项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，即将开始我博士学位的最后一年，我意识到我对天空的热爱给了我一份伟大的礼物。A.love爱；B.knowledge知识；C.study学习；D.thinking思考。根据上文“ IwascelebratingitasIhadforyears:bywatchingtheannualAugustheavenlywonder,themeteor(流星)showerinnight.”可知，作者对天空的热爱给了自己一份很棒的礼物。故选A项。【35题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它把我从世俗的忧虑、羞耻或自我怀疑中解放出来，阻止我追逐新的梦想。A.freed使自由，摆脱；B.protected保护；C.banned禁止；D.distracted分散注意力。根据句意以及下文“…fromallowingearthlyworries,shame,orself-doubttostandinthewayofchasingnewdreams”可知，它使作者摆脱了尘世的担忧、羞耻或自我怀疑，不让它们阻碍追逐新梦想。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The15theditionofVividSydney,Australia’slargestannualcelebrationoflight,music,ideas,andfood,lituptheHarbourCityunderthethemeDream.FromMay23toJune14,2025,thefestivalfeaturedmorethan200eventsacrossfive____36____(creative)design