2025年大学《保加利亚语》专业题库- 保加利亚语专业学术研讨班通知

2025年大学《保加利亚语》专业题库——保加利亚语专业学术研讨班通知考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、词汇与语法填空请根据句子意思，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Thenewlanguagecenterprovidesexcellentfacilitiesfor(study)________andcommunicationpractice.2.HerproficiencyinBulgarianhasimprovedsignificantlyafterlivingtherefor(two)________year.3.Couldyoupleaseexplainthiscomplexgrammatical(construction)________again?4.Duringthecourse,wediscussedvariousaspectsofBulgarian(society)________andculture.5.Theverb"да"canfunctionasanauxiliaryverb,particularlyintheformationoftheperfecttense,whichisafeatureuniquetoBalkanlanguages,includingBulgarian.6.UnderstandingtheuseofcasesinBulgarianisfundamentalformasteringthelanguage,astheydeterminethefunctionofnouns,adjectives,pronouns,andnumeralswithinasentence.7.Thisancientmanuscript,writteninOldChurchSlavonic,whichlaterevolvedintomodernBulgarian,offersvaluableinsightsintotheearlyhistoryoftheBulgarianpeople.8.ManyBulgarianwords,especiallythoserelatedtoagricultureandtraditionallife,havecognatesinotherSouthSlaviclanguages,reflectingsharedhistoricalroots.9.ThepronunciationoftheBulgariansound'ъ'[ǔ],ashort,lowbackvowel,canbechallengingforlearners,particularlythosewhosenativelanguagedoesnothavesuchsounds.10.TheuseofthefuturetenseinBulgarianoftenreliesontheverb'ще'combinedwiththeinfinitiveformofthemainverb,aconstructionthatmustbememorizedforaccuratefuturepredictions.二、阅读理解阅读下面短文，然后回答问题。Bulgaria,locatedintheSoutheasternEurope,isacountrywitharichandcomplexhistorythathassignificantlyinfluencedthedevelopmentoftheBulgarianlanguage.TheformationoftheBulgarianstateinthe7thcenturyADandtheadoptionofChristianityin864ADwerepivotalmoments.ThecreationofGlagoliticscriptshortlyaftertheadoptionofChristianity,followedbytheadoptionoftheCyrillicscriptinthe9thcentury,whichisnowusedforwritingBulgarianandmanyotherSlaviclanguages,markedthebeginningofanewerainBulgarianliteracyandculturalidentity.Thelanguageunderwentsignificantchangesoverthecenturies,influencedbyinteractionswithByzantineGreek,OttomanTurkish,andotherneighboringlanguages,yetitretaineditscoreSlavicfeatures.Inthe20thcentury,effortsweremadetopurifythelanguageandstandardizeitsorthography.ThemodernBulgarianlanguagecanbedividedintotwomaindialectalareas:theEasternandtheWesterndialects.Thesedialectsshowvariationsinpronunciation,vocabulary,andsomegrammaticalfeatures,buttheyaremutuallyintelligible.Thestandardlanguage,basedprimarilyontheEasterndialect,isusedinofficialdocuments,education,andmediathroughoutthecountry.Despitethechallengesofmodernizationandglobalization,theBulgarianlanguagecontinuestothrive.Thereisagrowinginterestinpreservingtraditionaldialectsandfolkculture,whilealsoembracingnewexpressionsandterminologyrelatedtotechnologyandglobalaffairs.TheBulgarianlanguageremainsanimportantsymbolofnationalidentityandakeytounderstandingthecountry'svibrantcultureandhistory.1.Accordingtothepassage,whateventinthe9thcenturyhadalastingimpactontheBulgarianlanguage?2.Theword"pivotal"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.(A)minor(B)crucial(C)gradual(D)unexpected3.BesidesSlavicfeatures,whatotherinfluenceshavesignificantlyshapedtheBulgarianlanguageaccordingtothetext?4.DescribethetwomaindialectalareasoftheBulgarianlanguagementionedinthepassage.5.WhatistheprimarybasisforthestandardBulgarianlanguage?三、翻译1.PleasetranslatethefollowingEnglishsentenceintoBulgarian:Theannualfolkmusicfestivalattractsvisitorsfromallovertheregion.2.PleasetranslatethefollowingBulgariansentenceintoEnglish:ИзкуствотовБългарияебогатоиразнообразно,сдълговаисторияитрадиции.四、写作Writeashortcomposition(approximately120-150words)inBulgarianononeofthefollowingtopics:1.YourfavoriteBulgarianfoodandwhyyouenjoyit.2.TheimportanceoflearningBulgarianforunderstandingBulgarianculture.试卷答案一、词汇与语法填空1.studying2.two3.construction4.society5.Bulgarian6.cases7.Bulgarian8.cognates9.Bulgarian10.infinitive二、阅读理解1.TheadoptionoftheCyrillicscript.2.(B)crucial3.ByzantineGreek,OttomanTurkish,andotherneighboringlanguages.4.Thepassagementionstwomaindialectalareas:theEasternandtheWesterndialects.Thesedialectsshowvariationsinpronunciation,vocabulary,andsomegrammaticalfeatures,butaremutuallyintelligible.5.ThestandardlanguageisbasedprimarilyontheEasterndialect.三、翻译1.Всягодишниятфестивалнанароднатамузикапривличапосетителиотцялатаregion.2.ArtinBulgariaisrichanddiverse,withalonghistoryandtraditions.四、写作(以下提供写作题目1的参考范文及解析思路，题目2类似可自行构思)范文：Мояталюбимабългарскахранаеkyufte.Тесамалкикюфтета,приготвенитрадиционнонаскара(grill)иобикновеносесервиратссалатаотлукилеща.Използватсетънкикаймаотговеждаилисвинскамеса,смесенаснарязаничервенчервенچук,лук,магданозияйца.Резултатътехрана,коятоемноговкуснаиароматна.Някоихораяхаресватособенозарадипикантниявкус,койтопридобиваотчервениячервенчук,докатодругипредпочитатпо-сладкотовкусове.Независимоотпредпочитанията,kyufteсаеднаотнай-популярнитеиузнаваеми