2025年高考英语大二轮-巧用 九妙招锁定解题线索

巧用九妙招锁定解题线索通读全文明大意，细研首句定方向【典例】(2023·全国甲卷)Manyyearsago，IboughtahouseintheGarfagnana，wherewestillgoeverysummer.Thefirsttimewe__41__there，weheardthechug－chug－chugofamotorbike42.makingitswaydownthehilltowardus.Itwasa43.neighborcalledMario，comingto44.bringusaboxcontainingsometomatoesandabottleofwine.Itwasaverynice45.gestureforhimtomake.41.A.waited B.metC.camped D.stayed自主解答：D【图解技巧】【实战应用】根据文章首句“Manyyearsago,Iboughtahouse...everysummer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。【关键点拨】完形填空的首句一般不设空，这是为了给考生提供清晰而完整的背景信息。仔细分析文章的首句，往往能获取许多解题信息，从而节省做题时间。主题决定核心词，词汇复现是关键【典例】1.原词复现(2023·全国乙卷)“I’mgoingtoinspiresomanypeople，”shesaid.“I’mreadyto__60__.”Andshineshedid.60.A.shine B.flyC.dance D.score自主解答：A2.同/近义词复现(2021·天津3月卷)Formostpeople,havingthingsstolenfeelslikeanoffence.RobbiePruittadmittedthathegot__16__whenhediscoveredthetheftofhismountainbikelastSeptember.Butsoonenough，his17.emotionstookaturn.Afterlettinggoofhisangerandfrustration,hefoundhimselfonaroadtosympathy18.instead.16.A.amazed B.madC.curious D.frightened自主解答：B3.同根词复现(2021·全国甲卷)Burchillsaidinarecentletterof__51__tothe4－starhotel....“Ihave55.maturedandIadmitresponsibilityformy56.actions，”hesaidintheletter.“Icometoyou,57.hat__in__hand,__toapologizeforthedamageIhad58.indirectlycausedandtoaskyouto59.reconsidermylifetimebanfromthehotel.”51.A.application B.apologyC.request D.invitation自主解答：B【图解技巧】【实战应用】1.由上文“I’mgoingtoinspiresomanypeople”和下文“Andshineshedid.”可知，Douglas认为自己将会激励很多人，即自己会发光，影响到很多人。2.根据下文中的“Afterlettinggoofhisangerandfrustration”可知，此处应选与anger，frustration是同义词的词汇。3.根据下文中的“...hesaidintheletter.‘Icometoyou...toapologizeforthedamageIhad58.indirectlycaused’”可知，空处应该是道歉信，所以选项应为apologize的同根词。【关键点拨】完形填空语篇一般为记叙文或者说明文。无论文本的体裁是什么，文章总有一个核心话题，与该话题有关的内容会在文章中反复出现。很多情况下，考生可以利用这一现象快速解题。语篇中的词汇复现包括原词复现、同/近义词复现、反义词复现、同根词复现和代词复现等。围绕话题找意群，瞻前顾后巧关联【典例】1.(2023·全国甲卷)Butwewere49.thankful__forhiskindness，sowe__50__them.Whatwediscoveredisthatit’s51.unwisetojudgewhatyoueatonlybyits52.appearance.Thosetomatoeshada53.tastethatremindedmeoftheonesmyuncleusedtogrowwhenIwasachild.Nowadayssupermarkettomatoes54.lookperfectbuttasteofwater.Nobody’sgoingtohavea55.happymemoryofthose.It’sasurprisetheyhaven’tmanagedtogrowsquareonessothattheycan56.packthemeasily.Mario’swinemayhavebeencloudyandcomeoutofanoldbottle，butitwas57.perfect.50.A.tried B.soldC.returned D.mixed自主解答：A2.(2022·浙江1月卷)WhenBeverleyBurdeyneyturnedseventy－fourlastyear，shestartedhavingproblemswithher__36__，notablydrynessanddiscomfort....Eventually，Ms.Burdeyneylearnedaboutplansforaneyeresearch43.programatTelAvivUniversityinIsrael.Theresearchteam44.includedCanadiandoctorAllanSlomovic，whohasdone45.ground－breakingworkoneyecareusingstemcells.36.A.throat B.skinC.lungs D.eyes自主解答：D【图解技巧】【实战应用】1.根据下文中的“Thosetomatoeshada53.tastethatremindedmeoftheonesmyuncleusedtogrowwhenIwasachild.”和“itwas57.perfect.”可知，西红柿让作者想起了儿时吃的西红柿的味道，酒也很好喝，所以推知他们试吃了西红柿，并喝了葡萄酒。2.根据空后“notablydrynessanddiscomfort”以及下文的“Eventually,Ms.Burdeyneylearnedaboutplansforaneyeresearch”可知，此处表示伯迪尼女士的眼睛开始出问题了。【关键点拨】在行文过程中，文章往往围绕一个主题展开，因此，句与句之间，甚至段落之间存在必然的关联。语义关联题旨在考查考生对语境的整体把握能力，考生如果没有整体意识，往往很难找出正确答案。解答此类题目时，考生需要考虑设空处与句内其他部分、前后句甚至相隔较远的句子在语义上的连贯性。换言之，要充分考虑上下文语境，根据语义的连贯性解题。句际关系看衔接，行文逻辑有标志【典例】1.转折关系(2023·全国乙卷)Shehadto42.pack__upherbedroominVirginia.Shehadtosay43.goodbyetohertwodogsandtothebeach，whereshelovedto44.ridewavesonherboard.Butitwas__45__totaketheleap(飞跃)，however46.heartbreakingitwouldbe.45.A.common B.timeC.fun D.tough自主解答：B2.让步关系(2021·全国乙卷)Oneafternoon,while45.attemptingtogetintobedshecollapsed(倒下)fromwhatwas46.eventuallydiscoveredtobeaheartattack.Thecollapsewasdisastrous,47.requiringtheemergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.Butsherecovered,though__48__，andwasreadyfordischarge(出院)afterfourweeks.48.A.slightly B.accidentallyC.slowly D.happily自主解答：C3.因果关系(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas44.uncomfortable，andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So__45__tyinghimup，Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.45.A.dueto B.insteadofC.apartfrom D.asfor自主解答：B【图解技巧】【实战应用】1.本句中But表示与上文为转折关系。由下文“totaketheleap(飞跃)”可知，虽然放弃自己所熟悉的一切很难，但是是时候该迈出这一步了。2.由空前though可知，本题可利用让步关系解题。下文的“fourweeks”也起提示作用。3.前文说作者给孩子系上绳子，孩子因不舒服而哭叫。特别有连词So表示因果关系，空后表达作者只能密切留意孩子，不再用绳子拴着他。【关键点拨】语篇是由一些意义相关的句子根据一定的逻辑关系组织起来的语义整体。逻辑关系隐藏在句子中、句与句之间以及段落的衔接中，体现作者的写作思路和篇章意义，是贯穿整篇文章的主线。因此，解答完形填空最基本的方法就是根据空格前后所提供的信息或上下文之间的逻辑关系，做出符合逻辑的判断。细琢词汇画外音，褒贬语境话曲直【典例】1.(2023·全国乙卷)TobecometheOlympicchampionintheindividual(个人)all－aroundevent，GabbyDouglashadtoleaveeverythingshe41.knewbest.Shehadto42.pack__upherbedroominVirginia.Shehadtosay43.goodbyetohertwodogsandtothebeach，whereshelovedto44.ridewavesonherboard.Butitwas45.timetotaketheleap(飞跃)，however__46__itwouldbe.46.A.breathtaking B.heartbreakingC.eye－catching D.head－spinning自主解答：B2.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Dad__53__.Thesonofagrocer,he’dspentthesummersofhischildhood54.deliveringfoodinBernardsville,NewJersey.Thiswasthesortofworkthatmadeyou55.appreciatethedollarsyouearnedandrespectthosewhodidthework,hetoldme.53.A.cried B.smiledC.hesitated D.refused自主解答：B【图解技巧】【实战应用】1.上文提到的GabbyDouglas不得不放弃她最熟悉的一切可知，放弃自己所熟悉的一切是令人伤心的。2.根据下文的内容可知，父亲告诉作者，这份工作能让作者珍惜自己赚的钱并尊重做这种工作的人，显然，父亲理解作者，他会心一笑。【关键点拨】完形填空大多是记叙文，在记叙过程中，经常会出现大量的动作、心理、神态和环境描写，其中心理和神态描写往往反映主人公的观点、态度和情感等。考生在做完形填空时，要仔细体会作者所用词汇的褒贬含义，揣摩作者的思想和情感。通过分析词汇的感情色彩，准确把握褒贬语境，很多题目就可以迎刃而解。固定搭配多积累，结合语境巧变通【典例】1.(2022·全国甲卷)Thenextweekwe47.walkedourdogstogether.Itwasahotday.Whenwepausedtocatchour__48__，Stevegotdownononeknee.Washeproposing(求婚)？Ilikedhimtoo，butso49.soon?48.A.breath B.balanceC.attention D.imagination自主解答：A2.(2021·全国乙卷)Shewas49.gratefulforeverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.Onherdayofdischarge,wesharedinher50.delightatherrecovery.Asshewas51.leavingshewaseagertosay__52__toeachofusinthenursingteam.52.A.sorry B.helloC.goodbye D.yes自主解答：C【图解技巧】【实战应用】1.根据上文中的“Itwasahotday.”可知，作者和史蒂夫停下来喘口气(catchone’sbreath)。2.根据语境可知，在她的出院日，当她要离开时，她渴望跟我们护理团队的每个人告别(saygoodbyeto)。【关键点拨】固定搭配是完形填空的常考点，英语中的固定搭配非常多，考生平时要熟记它们，并能够在具体语境中识别出来，从而选择正确的答案。精析表达辨句式，平行结构有规律【典例】1.(2022·全国乙卷)Webroughtyoungchildrenaged2－4intoourMindsinDevelopmentLabatUSC.Each47.childsatdownwithanadultwhocoveredherowneyesor48.ears.Wethenaskedthechildifshecould__49__orheartheadult.49.A.see B.helpC.reach D.fool自主解答：A2.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Likemanyyoungpeople，Jessicawantstotraveltheglobe.Unlikemostofthem，this25－year－oldisdoingit41.full－time.Sheandherhusbandhavespentthelasttwoyearstravelingtheworld，stoppingeverywherefromParistoSingapore.Itmightsoundlikeonelong，expensive42.vacation，butthecouplehasanunusualwaytomaketheirtravel__43__.43.A.safe B.busyC.helpful D.affordable自主解答：D【图解技巧】【实战应用】1.从题目中可以看出，第49空与hear形成并列关系，属于平行结构。因为有or这一并列连词，且与上句中的eyes相呼应，hear与上句中的48空ears相呼应。2.分析句子结构可知，此处是but连接的两个简单句，构成平行结构，expensivevacation对应maketheirtravel________。【关键点拨】平行结构指的是意义相关、层次相同、句法功能也相同的词组或句子等成对排列的语言现象。常见的连接平行结构的词有：and，but，aswellas，or，both...and...，neither...nor...等。这些结构的形式整齐、对称，考生可根据这些特征选择正确答案，掌握这些平行结构可大大提高解题准确率。广泛涉猎增见识，常识助你巧解题【典例】1.(2023·全国乙卷)Shelivedwithafamilyshehadnever__49__andeverythingwasnewtoher.49.A.met B.helpedC.understood D.needed自主解答：A2.(2022·全国乙卷)However，weallwitnessthatpreschoolchildrenareremarkably42.badathiding.Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands，leavingtherestoftheirbodies__43__.43.A.exposed B.examinedC.untouched D.imbalanced自主解答：A3.(2021·全国乙卷)Oneafternoon,while45.attemptingtogetintobedshecollapsed(倒下)fromwhatwas46.eventuallydiscoveredtobeaheartattack.Thecollapsewasdisastrous,__47__theemergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.47.A.assessing B.requiringC.forming D.proving自主解答：B【图解技巧】【实战应用】1.本题可以利用生活常识来解答。由生活常识和由下文“everythingwasnewtoher.”可知，一切对她来说都是全新的，所以此处指她和一个素未谋面的家庭住在一起。2.由前文“Theyoftencoveronlytheireyeswiththeirhands”可知，小朋友在捉迷藏时只用手盖住他们自己的眼睛，由生活常识可知，身体其他部分还都暴露在外，没有藏好。3.由空前句句意可知，病人跌倒了，根据生活常识可知，病人跌倒需要救治。【关键点拨】完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时，若能积极地利用自己掌握的生活常识和文化背景知识，会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，从而轻松地作出正确判断。明显错误先排除，代入选项试翻译【典例】(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Likemanyyoungpeople，Jessicawantstotraveltheglobe.Unlikemostofthem，this25－year－oldisdoingit__41__.Sheandherhusbandhavespentthelasttwoyearstravelingtheworld，stoppingeverywherefromParistoSingapore.Itmightsoundlikeonelong，expensive42.vacation，butthecouplehasanunusualwaytomaketheirtravel43.affordable.41.A.indoors B.onlineC.single－handed D.full－time自主解答：D【图解技巧】【实战应用】环球旅游不可能在室内或网上完成，排除A和B；下文提到“Sheandherhusband”，显然不是一个人旅游，排除C项single－handed(独自)。根据空后一句可知，她和丈夫在过去的两年里周游世界。【关键点拨】完形填空的有些试题可能无法通过上下文语境直接得出答案，这时考生可利用排除法解题。先排除明显的错误选项，缩小选择的范围，然后利用代入法，将选项一一代入原文中，通过翻译、对比，最终确定答案。(2023·淄博一模)Thereisnowaytheyjustdroveintothatwater,thoughtCorionEvans.The16－year－oldteenagerwas__1__withfriendsnearthePascagoulaRiver,whenacarwiththreeteenagegirlsinsideaccidentally__2__offtheroadintotheriverandstartedto__3__some20feetawayfromland.ItwasaroundmidnightinJuly.Inthe__4__，Evansandhisfriendscould__5__figureoutthegirlsholdingontotheroof,theonlypartofthecarstillabovewater.Buttheycouldhear__6__forhelp.Evanstookoffhisshirtandshoeswithout__7__，divingintothewater.Hehelpedthefirstgirlhesawandledhertotheshore.Then,hejumpedbackintotheriverto__8__anotherofthegirls.Buthalfwaybacktothebank,shewasso__9__astogounderwater,pullingEvansdownwithher.Evansfoughthiswayandpushedherto__10__.Therewasstillonegirlinthewater.Watson,19,couldnot__11__.Shewasswallowingwater,__12__tostayafloat.Andscared.“Ijustknewmylastbreathwascoming，”Watsonsaid.Shebegantogounder.Then,ashake.“Evans__13__me.”Watsonsaidlater.Thethreegirlswererushedtothehospitalandwell__14__.Evansriskedhislifetosavethem,buthesaidhehadnoother__15__.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一名叫作埃文斯的十六岁少年勇敢地在河中救出三名少女的故事。1.A.checkingout B.hangingoutC.stayingup D.breakingup答案B[句意：这个十六岁的少年当时正在和朋友们在帕斯卡古拉河附近闲逛，一辆载有三名少女的汽车从公路上滑到河里并开始下沉到离陆地大约二十英尺远的地方。A.checkingout检查；B.hangingout闲逛；C.stayingup熬夜；D.breakingup破裂。根据后文“withfriendsnearthePascagoulaRiver”可知，埃文斯当时正在和朋友在河附近，推断出他们是在闲逛。]2.A.slipped B.developedC.stayed D.skipped答案A[A.slipped滑(倒)；B.developed发展；C.stayed保持；D.skipped跳过。根据前文“Thereisnowaytheyjustdroveintothatwater,thoughtCorionEvans.”可知，她们不可能直接把车开到河里，说明车是从公路上滑到河里的。]3.A.expose B.trembleC.sink D.float答案C[A.expose暴露；B.tremble颤抖；C.sink下沉；D.float漂浮。根据后文“Evansandhisfriendscould...stillabovewater.”可知，车顶是唯一还在水面以上的部分，说明车已经下沉到河里。]4.A.silence B.noiseC.sadness D.darkness答案D[句意：在黑暗中，埃文斯和他的朋友们勉强辨认出三个女孩正抓着车顶，车顶是汽车唯一露出水面的部分。A.silence寂静；B.noise噪音；C.sadness悲伤；D.darkness黑暗。根据前文“ItwasaroundmidnightinJuly.”可知，当时是七月的午夜时分，说明当时天很黑。]5.A.casually B.nearlyC.instantly D.barely答案D[A.casually随意地；B.nearly几乎；C.instantly立刻；D.barely勉强。根据前文“ItwasaroundmidnightinJuly.”可知，事故发生的时候是午夜时分，光线很暗，推断出埃文斯和他的朋友们是勉强看清当时的情况。]6.A.whispering B.screamingC.complaining D.claiming答案B[句意：但是他们能听到呼救的尖叫声。A.whispering低语；B.screaming尖叫；C.complaining抱怨；D.claiming声称。根据前文“whenacarwiththreeteenageotheriver”可知，女孩们的车沉入了水中，根据常识女孩们会呼救，推断出埃文斯听到了女孩们的求救声。]7.A.assumptions B.explanationsC.hesitation D.permission答案C[A.assumptions假设；B.explanations解释；C.hesitation犹豫；D.permission许可。根据前文“Evansandhisfriendscould...stillabovewater.”可知，当时车已经快要沉入水底了，情况非常紧急，推断出埃文斯为了救人毫不犹豫地跳入河中。]8.A.rescue B.deliverC.liberate D.release答案A[A.rescue救援；B.deliver传递；C.liberate解放；D.release释放。根据后文“Evansfoughthiswayandpushedherto________.”可知，埃文斯当时奋力把女孩推到安全的地方，说明埃文斯当时跳下河是为了救另一个女孩。]9.A.anxious B.panicC.cautious D.awkward答案B[A.anxious焦虑的；B.panic恐慌的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据后文“astogounderwater,pullingEvansdownwithher”可知，第二个女孩又潜下水并把埃文斯也拉下水，说明当时这个女孩太惊慌了才会出现这样的情况。]10.A.health B.independenceC.strength D.safety答案D[A.health健康；B.independence独立；C.strength力量；D.safety安全。根据后文“Thethreegirlswererushedtothehospital”可知，三个女孩都获救了，推断出当时埃文斯把第二个女孩推到了安全的地方。]11.A.drive B.escapeC.swim D.surf答案C[A.drive驾驶；B.escape逃脱；C.swim游泳；D.surf冲浪。根据后文“Shewasswallowingwater,________tostayafloat.”可知，华生正在水中吞水保持漂浮，说明她不会游泳。]12.A.struggling B.worryingC.wandering D.improving答案A[句意：她正在吞水，努力保持漂浮。A.struggling抗争；B.worrying担心；C.wandering闲逛；D.improving提高。根据前文“Watson,19,couldnot________.”可知，华生不会游泳，说明她在水中挣扎，struggletodosth意为“挣扎着做某事”符合句意。]13.A.touched B.grabbedC.attached D.detected答案B[句意：埃文斯抓住了我。A.touched触摸；B.grabbed抓住；C.attached系着；D.detected侦察出。根据前文“Then,ashake.”可知，华生在下沉时感到晃动，说明埃文斯抓住了她。]14.A.adjusted B.educatedC.protected D.attended答案D[句意：三个女孩被快速地送到医院并被很好地照顾。A.adjusted调节；B.educated教育；C.protected保护；D.attended照看。根据前文“Thethreegirlswererushedtothehospital”可知，三个女孩被送到了医院，因为医院有医护人员，推断出她们被很好地照顾。]15.A.actions B.challengesC.alternatives D.chances答案C[句意：埃文斯冒着生命危险去拯救他们，但是他说他没有其他的选择。A.actions行动；B.challenges挑战；C.alternatives选择；D.chances机会。根据前文“Evanstookoffhisshirt...divingintothewater.”可知，埃文斯毫不犹豫地跳下河救人，说明当时情况紧急没有其他的选择。](2023·杭州市重点中学高三下学期3月月考)Oneday,Iexperiencedsomethingthatcausedmetolosemytemper,tothepointthatIwasintears.SofrustratedwasIthatIreachedouttoadearand__1__friendtoaskforadviceonhowtoletgoof__2__.Andthen,Iwentforalongwalk.AsIwalked,I__3__myangerandwhatmayhavecausedit.Iheardmyfriend’svoicesaying“dropintotheheartspace”，aspacewhereloveboomsandifweallowit,itwill__4__ourhurts.Itismy__5__thathatecannotgrowwherelove__6__.Iallowedmymindtofollowthatloveandtoreviewwhatthe__7__ofmyangerwas.Irealizedmyangeristheresultofmanyemotionsthatarenormal.Thereisa__8__ofbeingoverwhelmed,frustrated,tiredandthereissorrow__9__aswell.Andperhapsthesorrowisthebiggestone.Forexample,itisnoteasyto__10__aparent’sfallingweakevenwhenIrecognizethatitispartofthecycleoflife.Ihadnotacknowledgedmysorrowuntilafriend__11__thatitwaspartofmyanger,andshewascorrect.IamgratefulforhavingfriendsIcanreachouttofor__12__andcomfort.Iamnowableto__13__myanger,todropintotheheartspace,tosendoutloveandlight,andtoletgoofanyfrustrationotherthanto__14__myanger.IknowitwillgeteasierifIam__15__withmyselfandallowthehealingthatisneededtohappen.【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议文，主要讲的是作者在感到愤怒的时候向朋友寻求建议，在朋友的帮助下，作者理解了愤怒，知道了应该进入内心世界，放下沮丧。1.A.respectable B.honestC.famous D.trusted答案D[句意：我非常沮丧，于是我向一位亲爱的、值得信赖的朋友寻求如何释放愤怒的建议。A.respectable值得尊敬的；B.honest诚实的；C.famous出名的；D.trusted值得信赖的。根据下文“Iamgratefulfor...________andcomfort.”可知，作者向值得信赖的朋友寻求如何释放愤怒的建议。]2.A.tiredness B.regretC.anger D.blame答案C[A.tiredness疲劳；B.regret后悔；C.anger愤怒；D.blame责备。根据下文“myanger”可知，作者向值得信赖的朋友寻求如何释放愤怒的建议。]3.A.lookedinto B.reflectedonC.thoughtof D.pickedup答案B[句意：走着走着，我反思着自己的愤怒，以及愤怒的原因。A.lookedinto调查；B.reflectedon思考，反思；C.thoughtof想出；D.pickedup捡起。根据下文“whatmayhavecausedit”可知，作者反思着自己的愤怒。]4.A.accept B.provideC.heal D.affect答案C[句意：我听到朋友的声音说：“进入心灵空间”，一个爱蓬勃发展的空间，如果我们允许它，它会治愈我们的伤痛。A.accept接受；B.provide提供；C.heal治愈；D.affect影响。根据上文“lovebooms”和下文“ourhurts”可知，爱可以治愈我们的伤痛。且下文“allowthehealingthatisneededtohappen.”也是提示。]5.A.belief B.excuseC.dream D.proposal答案A[句意：我相信，爱的光辉可以防止滋生仇恨。A.belief相信；B.excuse借口；C.dream梦想；D.proposal提议。根据下文“Iallowedmymindtofollowthatlove”可知，作者相信，爱的光辉可以防止滋生仇恨。]6.A.calls B.shinesC.joins D.approaches答案B[A.calls打电话；B.shines照耀；C.joins加入；D.approaches接近。根据上文“lovebooms”可知，爱的光辉可以防止滋生仇恨，空格处意为“照耀”。]7.A.point B.resultC.root D.in