护理英语二级题库及解析及答案解析

第第页护理英语二级题库及解析及答案解析（含答案及解析）姓名：科室/部门/班级：得分：题型单选题多选题判断题填空题简答题案例分析题总分得分试题部分（按题型排序）

**一、单选题（共20分）**

1.Whenapatientasksabouttheirmedication,whichresponseismostappropriate?

A."Youshouldfollowyourdoctor'sinstructions."

B."It'sjustaplacebo;youdon'treallyneedit."

C."Idon'tknow;askthedoctor."

D."Letmecheckthepatienteducationsheetandexplainittoyou."

______

2.Whatisthecorrecttermforapatient'sinabilitytocontrolbladderfunction?

A.Dyspnea

B.Bradycardia

C.Incontinence

D.Hypertension

______

3.Beforeadministeringaninjection,whichassessmentisapriority?

A.Checkingthepatient'sbloodpressure

B.Askingiftheyhaveanyallergies

C.Reviewingthepatient'smedicalhistory

D.Alloftheabove

______

4.Whichofthefollowingisacommonsignofdehydrationinelderlypatients?

A.Drymouthandskin

B.Rapidheartrate

C.Fatigue

D.Alloftheabove

______

5.WhentranslatingmedicalinstructionsforapatientwithlimitedEnglishproficiency,whichapproachisrecommended?

A.Usemedicaljargonandaskfamilymemberstointerpret.

B.Providewritteninstructionsinthepatient'snativelanguage.

C.Relysolelyongestureswithoutanyverbalexplanation.

D.Askthepatienttowatchavideotutorialintheirlanguage.

______

6.Whatisthetermforapatient'smedicalrecordcontainingallhealthcareinteractions?

A.SOAPnote

B.EHR

C.CBC

D.MRI

______

7.Whichmedicationadministrationrouteismostappropriateforaliquidmedication?

A.Intravenous

B.Intramuscular

C.Oral

D.Subcutaneous

______

8.Whenapatientreportspain,whichquestionshouldthenurseaskfirst?

A."Howsevereisthepainonascaleof1to10?"

B."Whereexactlydoesithurt?"

C."Doyouthinkit'srelatedtoyourmedication?"

D."Haveyoutakenanythingforityet?"

______

9.Whatisthecorrectwaytodocumentapatient'svitalsignsinEnglish?

A."BP120/80,HR72,RR18"

B."Bloodpressure120over80,heartrate72,respiratoryrate18"

C."120/80mmHg,72bpm,18breaths/min"

D.Alloftheabove

______

10.Whenapatientexpressesanxiety,whichinterventionismosteffective?

A.Ignoringtheirfeelingsandcontinuingwithtreatment.

B.Offeringasedativewithoutfurtherassessment.

C.Engaginginactivelisteningandprovidingreassurance.

D.Askingacoworkertohandlethesituation.

______

11.Whatistheprimarypurposeofadischargeteachingplan?

A.Tobillthepatientforadditionalservices.

B.Toensurethepatientunderstandspost-dischargecare.

C.Todocumentthenurse'sshifthours.

D.Toupdatethepatient'sinsuranceinformation.

______

12.Whichofthefollowingisacommoncauseofpressureulcersinbedriddenpatients?

A.Hydration

B.Nutrition

C.Frictionandshear

D.Medicationadherence

______

13.Whenperformingaphysicalassessment,whichstepshouldbedonefirst?

A.Listeningtoheartsounds

B.Measuringbloodpressure

C.Inspectingtheskin

D.Checkingrespiratoryrate

______

14.Whatisthetermforasudden,severeallergicreaction?

A.Hypotension

B.Anaphylaxis

C.Tachycardia

D.Hypoxia

______

15.Whichofthefollowingisabestpracticeforhandhygiene?

A.Usinghandsanitizerbeforetouchingapatient.

B.Wearingglovesinsteadofwashinghands.

C.Avoidinghandhygieneifhandsareslightlydirty.

D.Usingalcohol-basedhandrubonlywhenhandsarevisiblysoiled.

______

16.Whenapatientisunconscious,whichassessmentismostcritical?

A.Checkingforapulse

B.Assessingbreathing

C.Observingpupilsize

D.Recordingvitalsigns

______

17.Whatisthecorrecttermforapatient'sinabilitytospeak?

A.Dysphagia

B.Dysarthria

C.Apraxia

D.Aphasia

______

18.Whichofthefollowingisapotentialcomplicationofimmobility?

A.Weightgain

B.Muscleatrophy

C.Improvedcirculation

D.Enhancedmobility

______

19.Whenapatientasksabouttheirprognosis,whichresponseismostappropriate?

A."I'mnotsure,butthedoctorwillcallyou."

B."You'llbefineifyoufollowthetreatmentplan."

C."Itdependsonhowyoufeeltomorrow."

D."Ican'tdiscussprognosis;askthedoctordirectly."

______

20.Whatistheprimarygoalofapatient-centeredcareapproach?

A.Tominimizehealthcarecosts.

B.Tofollowthedoctor'sorderswithoutquestion.

C.Toinvolvethepatientintheircaredecisions.

D.Toprioritizestaffconvenience.

______

**二、多选题（共15分，多选、错选不得分）**

21.Whichofthefollowingarecomponentsofacompletepatienthistory?

A.Medicalhistory

B.Socialhistory

C.Familyhistory

D.Medicationlist

E.Allergyinformation

______

22.Whatarecommonsignsofeffectivepainmanagement?

A.Patientreportsreducedpain.

B.Patientisabletosleep.

C.Patient'svitalsignsremainstable.

D.Patientisabletoperformdailyactivities.

E.Patientrequestsmoremedicationfrequently.

______

23.Whichinterventionscanhelppreventpressureulcers?

A.Regularrepositioning.

B.Usingpressure-reducingdevices.

C.Keepingtheskindryandmoisturized.

D.Applyinglotiontobonyprominences.

E.Encouragingpatientmovement.

______

24.Whenprovidingdischargeteaching,whichtopicsshouldbeincluded?

A.Medicationmanagement.

B.signsofcomplications.

C.Dietaryrestrictions.

D.Follow-upappointments.

E.Billinginstructions.

______

25.Whichofthefollowingarebestpracticesfordocumentingpatientcare?

A.Beingobjectiveandconcise.

B.Includingonlypositiveassessments.

C.Usingmedicalabbreviations.

D.Writinginthepresenttense.

E.Recordingallverbalinstructions.

______

**三、判断题（共10分，每题0.5分）**

26.Itisacceptabletousemedicaltermswhencommunicatingwithpatientswhohaveahighlevelofeducation.

______

27.Apatient'sadvancedirectivecanoverrideadoctor'streatmentplan.

______

28.Handhygieneshouldbeperformedbeforeandaftertouchingapatient.

______

29.Allergiesareacommoncauseofanaphylaxis.

______

30.Bedriddenpatientsshouldberepositionedatleastevery2hours.

______

31.Apatient'sculturalbackgroundcaninfluencetheirhealthbeliefs.

______

32.Painassessmenttoolslikethenumericalratingscaleareuniversalanddonotneedadaptation.

______

33.Itisethicaltowithholdinformationfromapatientifitmaycausedistress.

______

34.Asterilefieldmustbemaintainedduringinvasiveprocedures.

______

35.Documentationshouldbecompletedimmediatelyaftercompletingcare,notattheendoftheshift.

______

**四、填空题（共15分，每空1分）**

1.Theprocessofgatheringapatient'smedicalhistoryiscalled______.

______

2.Apatient'smedicalrecordisoftenreferredtoasan______.

______

3.Thetermforapatient'sinabilitytoswallowis______.

______

4.Handhygieneisperformedusingeither______or______.

______

5.Apatient'sadvancedirectiveoutlinestheir______and______wishes.

______

6.Theacronym______standsfor"Subjective,Objective,Assessment,Plan."

______

7.Apatient'svitalsignsinclude______,______,______,and______.

______

8.Thetermforasudden,severeallergicreactionis______.

______

9.Apatient'smedicalprognosisreferstotheir______outcome.

______

10.Thetermforapatient'sinabilitytospeakis______.

______

**五、简答题（共25分）**

41.Explaintheimportanceofpatient-centeredcareinnursing.

______

42.Describethreekeycomponentsofdischargeteachingforapatientwithdiabetes.

______

43.Whatarethestepsforperforminghandhygieneusinganalcohol-basedhandrub?

______

44.Howshouldanurseassessapatient'spainleveleffectively?

______

**六、案例分析题（共25分）**

45.CaseStudy:

A68-year-oldpatientwithdementiaisadmittedtothehospitalforpneumonia.Thepatientisconfusedanddoesnotunderstandmedicalinstructions.Thenurseneedstoadministermedicationandensurethepatient'ssafety.

a.Whatstepsshouldthenursetaketoensurethepatientreceivesthecorrectmedication?

b.Howcanthenursecommunicateeffectivelywiththepatientdespitetheirconfusion?

c.Whatarepotentialrisksofmedicationadministrationinthisscenario?

d.Howshouldthenursedocumentthecareprovided?

______

**参考答案及解析**

**一、单选题**

1.D

解析：正确选项为D，因为当患者询问药物时，护士应提供准确信息，检查患者教育材料并解释药物作用。A选项过于笼统，B选项错误地暗示药物无效，C选项推卸责任，D选项符合患者教育规范。

2.C

解析：正确选项为C，“Incontinence”是指无法控制膀胱功能。A选项“Dyspnea”是呼吸困难，B选项“Bradycardia”是心率过缓，D选项“Hypertension”是高血压，均与题意不符。

3.B

解析：正确选项为B，因为给药前优先评估过敏史可避免严重反应。A、C、D选项虽重要，但过敏史是首要检查点。

4.D

解析：正确选项为D，脱水症状包括口干、皮肤干燥、心率和疲劳。A、B、C均是脱水表现。

5.B

解析：正确选项为B，为语言有限的患者提供母语书面说明最有效。A选项依赖家人可能不准确，C选项仅靠手势不充分，D选项视频需患者理解能力。

6.B

解析：正确选项为B，“EHR”是电子健康记录，包含所有医疗记录。A选项“SOAPnote”是记录格式，C选项“CBC”是血常规，D选项“MRI”是磁共振成像。

7.C

解析：正确选项为C，“Oral”是口服给药，最适用于液体药物。A选项“IV”是静脉注射，B选项“IM”是肌肉注射，D选项“SC”是皮下注射。

8.B

解析：正确选项为B，询问疼痛位置是首要步骤。A选项先评估严重程度，C选项先询问药物，D选项先记录既往用药，均不符合评估流程。

9.D

解析：正确选项为D，所有选项均正确，但D包含不同表达方式。A是缩写，B是文字描述，C是单位描述。

10.C

解析：正确选项为C，积极倾听和安抚最有效。A选项忽视情感，B选项随意用药，D选项依赖他人，均不合适。

11.B

解析：正确选项为B，出院教学计划的核心是确保患者理解后续护理。A选项与成本无关，C选项是记录要求，D选项与保险无关。

12.C

解析：正确选项为C，“Frictionandshear”是导致压疮的常见原因。A选项“Hydration”是水分，B选项“Nutrition”是营养，D选项“Medicationadherence”是用药依从性。

13.B

解析：正确选项为B，测量血压是常规物理评估第一步。A选项听诊心音、C选项检查皮肤、D选项检查呼吸率均后续进行。

14.B

解析：正确选项为B，“Anaphylaxis”是严重过敏反应。A选项“Hypotension”是低血压，C选项“Tachycardia”是心动过速，D选项“Hypoxia”是缺氧。

15.A

解析：正确选项为A，接触患者前使用手消毒剂是标准做法。B选项仅用手套不充分，C选项忽视轻微污染，D选项仅限明显污染。

16.B

解析：正确选项为B，评估呼吸对无意识患者最关键。A选项检查脉搏、C选项观察瞳孔、D选项记录生命体征均次之。

17.D

解析：正确选项为D，“Aphasia”是失语症。A选项“Dysphagia”是吞咽困难，B选项“Dysarthria”是构音障碍，C选项“Apraxia”是运动性失用。

18.B

解析：正确选项为B，长期卧床可能导致肌肉萎缩。A选项“Weightgain”是体重增加，C选项“Improvedcirculation”是循环改善，D选项“Enhancedmobility”是活动能力增强。

19.D

解析：正确选项为D，护士应坦诚告知无法讨论预后。A选项推卸责任，B选项过度乐观，C选项依赖未来不确定性，D选项符合伦理和职责。

20.C

解析：正确选项为C，以患者为中心的护理强调参与决策。A选项关注成本，B选项盲从医嘱，D选项优先员工便利，均不符合理念。

**二、多选题**

21.ABCDE

解析：正确选项为所有选项，完整病史包括个人、家庭、用药、过敏史。

22.ABCD

解析：正确选项为A、B、C、D，有效疼痛管理表现为疼痛减轻、睡眠改善、生命体征稳定、活动能力恢复。E选项频繁索药可能表示管理无效。

23.ABCE

解析：正确选项为A、B、C、E，预防压疮需定期翻身、减压设备、保持皮肤干燥、鼓励活动。D选项涂抹乳液可能增加摩擦。

24.ABCD

解析：正确选项为A、B、C、D，出院教学包括用药、并发症识别、饮食、复诊。E选项与护理无关。

25.ADE

解析：正确选项为A、D、E，记录应客观简洁、使用现在时、记录所有口头指令。B选项应记录所有评估，C选项应避免过多缩写。

**三、判断题**

26.×

解析：错误，无论患者教育程度高低，均应使用通俗易