上海市虹口区2026届高三一模英语试题（含答案）

虹口区2025学年度第一学期期终学生学习能力诊断测试高三英语试卷 2025.12考生注意：1.考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.WhyFairyTalesAreReallyPowerfulTalesWhenpeoplethinkoffairytales,theyusuallyimagineprettyprincesses,braveprincesandhappyendings.Yetifwelookbacktotheearliestversionsofthesestories,wediscoverthatfairytales(1)(nevermean)tobeonlysweetorchild-friendly.Infact,theywereoriginallyseriousandfullofchallenges.Thefearanddangerinthesetaleswerenotaccidental——theycarriedmoral,social,andevenpsychologicalmeaning.Inthepast,lifewasfullofrisks:diseases,hunger,andpoverty.Folkstoriesreflectedthatworld.InHanselandGretel,twochildrenareabandonedandalmostcapturedbyawitch(女巫),(2)remindsusthatclevernessandcourageareneededforsurvival.InLittleRedRidingHood,thewolf'sattackteachesyounglistenersnottotruststrangers.Behindeverytensescene,there(3)(stand)awarningaboutrealhumanbehavior.Psychologistslaterpointedoutthatsuchstorieshelpchildrenfacetheirinnerworries.BrunoBetelheim,awell-knownscholar,suggestedthatfairytales(4)(allow)themindtodealsafelywithemotionslikejealousy,loneliness,andloss.Thedeeppartsofthestory,(5)(act)likeamirror,helpreadersunderstandthehiddencornersoftheirownhearts.Modernversionshavesoftenedthesetales,replacingdangerwithbeautyandlosswithhappyendings.Butdeepdown,theoriginalfearis(6)gavefairytalestheirpower.Withoutfear,theirlessonslosedepth.(7)(shape)byfacingimaginarymonsters,readerslearnhowtofacereal-lifechallenges.Intheend,(8)theyreflectthetruthofhumanexperience,fairytalesarereallypowerfultales.Theyremindusthat(9)reaching"happilyeverafter,"everyheroorheroinestillhastowalkthroughtheforestofuncertainty——anditisthejourneythroughthatdarknessthatmakestheendingworthy(10)(remember).虹口区高三英语本卷共9页第1页SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.delicate B.notable C.orbits D.outshines E.phase F.rowG.seasonal H.shifts I.sight J.successively K.sustainablyARareSeasonofSupermoonsThisfall,somethingspecialwillappearinthenightsky:everyfullmoonwilllookslightlybiggerandbrighterthanusual.Thisisbecausethelastthreemonthsof2025willbringarareseriesofsupermoonsina11.Asupermoonhappenswhenthemoon'sfull12occursatthepointinitspathclosesttoEarth.OnOctober6,November5,andDecember4,skywatcherswillseethe"harvest,”“beaver,”and"cold"moonsallriseassupermoons.Thisthree-monthstretchisunusualandoffersabeautiful13foranyonewholovesobservingthenightsky.WhatMakesaMoon“Super”?Themoondoesnotfollowaperfectcircularroute.Instead,it14Earthinanoval(椭圆的)path.Asaresult,therearetimeseachmonthwhenthemoonisslightlyclosertoEarth,calledperigee,andtimeswhenitisfartheraway,calledapogee.Atperigee,themoonisabout356,000kilometersfromEarth,whileatapogeeitcanbemorethan406,000kilometersaway.Whenafullmoonhappensatperigee,weseeasupermoon.Itthrowsabrilliancethat15anaveragefullmoonandfillstheskywithquietwonder.Infact,asupermooncanlookupto14percentbiggerand30percentbrighterthanthesmallestfullmoonoftheyear.Tothenakedeye,thechangemaybe16,butphotographsshowaclearandimpressivedifference.WhyThereWillBeThreeinSuccessionContrarytowhattheirnamemightsuggest,supermoonsoccurwith17frequency,oftenappearingmultipletimeswithinasingleyear.However,havingthreeback-to-backonesisuncommon.Thishappensbecausethetimingofthemoon'sperigeeslowly18comparedwithitsfullmoon,completingacycleabouteveryfourteenmonths.In2025,thattimingwilllineupperfectlytoproducethreesupermoons19.Thepatternwillevencontinueintoearly2026,withanothersupermoonexpectedonJanuary3.TheMeaningoftheMoonNamesManytraditionalmoonnamescomefrom20lifeandculturalcustoms.The"harvestmoon"inOctober,forexample,wasnamedbecauseitsbrightlighthelpedfarmersworklateintothenightduringthefinalharvestseasonbeforewinter.虹口区高三英语本卷共9页第2页II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Theword‘habits’getsthrownaroundalot.Yourdoctorencouragesyoutogetintothe‘goodhabit’ofeatingfiveportionsoffruitandvegetablesaday;yourfriend21their‘badhabit’ofcheckingsocialmediabeforebed;maybeyouoncehadamusicteacherwhokeptonatyoutopractiseyourfingerexercisesuntilthey‘feel22’.Butaccordingtopsychologists,noteverythingyoudo,orwanttodo,frequentlyorregularly,is23ahabit.Someofthesituationsabovearemoreaboutgoals(whatyouhopetoachieveatsomepointinthefuture),24(yourplansforwhatyou'regoingtodo)andskills(suchasbeingabletohitmusicalnotesconsistently),thanabouthabits.25,routines—suchasgoingtothegymregularly——havethe26tobecomeahabit,butit'snotforsurethattheywill.So,whatexactlyisahabit?Andwhatdoesittaketomakeonethat's‘good’or27onethat's‘bad’?Onekeyfeatureofhabitsisthatoncesomethingiswhatyoudobyhabit,youdoitwithoutthinking.Buildingonthatidea,psychologiststodaysaythatwhatmakesahabitahabitisthatit'sabehaviourthat'sstarted28byspecificcues(提示)intheenvironment.Thepairingbetweenthecueandtheactionmighthavebegunas29——thatis,donetoserveaparticulargoalorbecauseit'srewarding,butovertime,theassociationis30,andnowitplaysoutwithoutthoughtevenifthebehaviourisnolongerpleasurableordesirable.Thisprocessofabehaviourinaparticularsituationstartingoutaswillfulbutthenbecomingincreasinglyautomaticthrough31,hasbeenshownatthelevelofbrainactivity.Whenabehaviourturnsintoahabit,thebrainrelieslessongoal-directedsystemsandmoreonthosedriving32action.Or,toputitanotherway,thedecision-makingprocessyouoncehadto33toperformthebehavıourhasbeenbypassed.Butwhatreallymakeshabitssointerestingtopsychologistsandotherhealthprofessionalsisthewaytheycan34ourbehaviourforbetterandworse.Thehealthyorunhealthyhabitsyoumayhavecanhaveanoutsizedinfluenceonthekindoflifestyleyoulead,andonyourabilitytofulfilyourlonger-termgoals.So,ifyou'veformedanumberofunhealthyhabits,thelong-term35impactcouldbesignificant.21.A.worriesabout B.takespridein C.benefitsfrom D.dependson22.A.exhausting B.worrying C.habitual D.imperfect23.A.reversely B.alternatively C.necessarily D.academically24.A.calendars B.intentions C.preferences D.actions25.A.Still B.Consequently C.Instead D.Therefore26.A.right B.limit C.advantage D.potential27.A.define B.break C.form D.have28.A.barely B.thoroughly C.early D.automatically29.A.purposeful B.mindless C.temporary D.accidental30.A.confirmed B.strengthened C.discovered D.approved虹口区高三英语本卷共9页第3页31.A.repetition B.struggle C.practice D.selection32.A.decisive B.positive C.instinctive D.unlawful33.A.comeback B.settledown C.takeover D.gothrough34.A.control B.change C.interpret D.observe35.A.indirect B.emotional C.unexpected D.harmfulSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)MycatJean-Philippeiswhatyoumightcharitablydescribeas'big-boned'.IadoptedPhilwhenhewasaboutsixmonthsold.Beforehecametomyhouse,hehadbeenlivingwithacoupleofotherkittensoutonthestreet.WhenImovedintoafourth-floorapartment,hebecameafull-timeindoorfoodie.IusuallycallhimFatPhil.Ilovehim,butheisbasicallyameatloafwithfur.IfinallyrealizedthingsweregettingoutofcontrolwhenheoutgrewhiscatcarrierandIwasforcedtobuyonebuiltforamedium-sizeddog.TomakesurethatPhilwouldstickaroundforaslongaspossible,IknewIneededtomakesomechangestohisdiet——whetherornothewasfullyonboardwiththem.AlthoughFatPhilneededtobecomeslimPhil,losingweighttooquicklycouldbedangerous.IwassentbyPhil'sdoctortoawebsitethatcalculateshowmanycaloriesadayacatneedstoconsumetoloseweightatahealthypace.ThisiswhenIlearntthatyouapparentlyneedtounderstandadvancedalgebra(代数)tocountcat-foodcalories.Phileatsacombinationofraw,freeze-dried,andcannedfood,andhebeganhisdietat270caloriesaday.Haveyouevertriedtofigureoutthecaloriesinyourcat'sfavouritebrandsoffood?Somedon'tincludetheinformationonthelabel.Othersgiveitintinyprint.Ortheypublishitintermsthatrequireyoutofigureout,say,thatif450gramsoffreeze-driedchickenbiscuitscontain125calories,akitchencupweighsabout700grams,and50biscuitsfitinacup,eachbiscuithas…wait...Ihavetokeepremindingmyselfthatthisistheverybestdietforcats,accordingtodoctors.Andfinally!Aftermorethanayear,Phil'sdailyintakehasbeenreducedto250calories.Butit'sanongoingstruggle.He'sahardenedfoodthief.Hestartspushingfordinneratabout1p.m.,sometimesrisinguponhislegsandtappingmeontheshoulderwithhisfrontpawasIsitatmycomputer.Ifhehadawatch,he'dbepointingatit.Resistinghismostsincererequeststakesasmuchself-controlasIcandevelop,butIpersist.Andanymonthnow,myboyisgoingtoslimdownthatdog-sizedbodyandbecomethesizeofaverylargecat.36.Howmanyofthefollowingphrasesrefertothesamemeaningas"big-boned"?(1)afull-timeindoorfoodie (2)FatPhil(3)ameatloafwithfur (4)amedium-sizeddog(5)slimPhil (6)ahardenedfoodthiefA.(1)(3)(6). B.(2)(3)(4). C.(2)(5)(6). D.(1)(4)(5).虹口区高三英语本卷共9页第4页37.WhatdoestheauthorfinddifficultwhencalculatingJean-Philippe'sfoodintake?A.Philrefusestoeatraw,freeze-driedandcannedfood.B.Calorieinformationcan'tbefoundoncatfoodlabels.C.Phil'sdoctorfailstogiveusefulsuggestionsonhisdiet.D.Thecalorieinformationoncatfoodisunclearorhardtofind.38.Whatdoesthewriterimplyby“anongoingstruggle”inthelastparagraph?A.KeepingPhilonhisdietremainsdifficult.B.Thewriterintendstostopthecat'sdietplan.C.Phil'shealthkeepsworseningovertheyear.D.FeedingPhilhasbecomemuchboringnow.39.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetowardsJean-Philippe?A.Tolerant,thecatwillremainhuge.B.Generous,yetlosingpatiencewithPhil'shabits.C.Loving,yetdeterminedtofollowthehealthplan.D.Scientific,relyingoncomplexcalculations.(B)BuckinghamPalacevirtuallyallyoursExplorethehistoricresidenceofBritishroyaltyfromthecomfortofyourownhomeAreyousittingcomfortably?Thenwe'llbegin.HistoryandstoriesareplentifulaboutBuckinghamPalaceanditssurroundings.Usingpictures,oldpaintings,GoogleEarth—and360-degreeviewsofthemostfascinatingrooms——thisimpressivevirtualtourwillbringthepalaceanditspasttolife.YourguideLoonaHazarika(ahistoryexpert)willaccompanyyouthroughthetour,whereyou'llfindoutaboutthepreparationsneededforaroyaldinner,visitthedrawingroomwithasecretdoor,learnstoriesaboutasecrettunnelandvirtuallyvisitthegallerythathasthelargestcollectionoftheItalianscenerypainterCanalettosintheworld.TakeavirtualwalkdowntheMallandaroundStJames'sParktohearstoriesaboutHenryVIII'sjoustingground(wheremen-at-armsfoughtonhorseback),howtheStuartsmadeitintoapleasureparkandcuriousfactssuchashowtheBritishtaughttheFrenchtobottlewineandwhoexactlythegrandoldDukeofYorkwas(infacthewasn'tallthatgrandatall).Youcanjointhisengagingone-and-a-half-hourvirtualtour,whichtakesplaceon2ndFebruary,andyoucanjoinitonlineatwww.mirthy.co.uk.There'salsoarecordingavailabletowatchfor7daysafterwardsforanyonewhomissestheliveevent.■FORMOREINFORMATIONAtMirthyweunderstandthatnoteveryonefeelscomfortablebeingoutinsharedspaces,whichiswhyourvirtualeventsbringtheworldtoyou.JoinMirthy'sonlinecommunityandtryover50classes&eventsforfree.虹口区高三英语本卷共9页第6页40.Whatmakestheartgalleryahighlightonthetour?A.Itholdstheworld'slargestcollectionofartinEurope.B.Itpresentsa360-degreeviewoffascinatingexhibits.C.IthousesalargenumberofCanaletto'smasterpieces.D.Itfeaturesasecretdoorleadingtothedrawingroom.41.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheStuarts?A.TheyturnedStJames'sParkintoapleasurepark.B.TheyconstructedajoustinggroundforHenryVIII.C.TheytaughttheFrenchtheskillsofbottlingwine.D.TheywerechildrenofthegrandoldDukeofYork.42.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.TointroducethepainterCanalettoandhisworks.B.TopromoteavirtualtourofBuckinghamPalace.C.Tocomparedifferentwaysofvisitingroyalpalaces.D.TosharehistoricalstoriesaboutBuckinghamPalace.(C)Hollywoodwritersscoredamajorvictorylastmonthintheirbattleoverhowartificialintelligencecanbeusedinfuturefilmandtelevisionprojects.ExpertssaythecontractguidelinesbetweentheWritersGuildofAmerica(WGA)andtheAllianceofMotionPictureandTelevisionProducers(AMPTP)couldofferamodelforworkersinHollywoodandotherindustries.Thewriters'contractdoesnotoutlawtheuseofAItoolsinthewritingprocess,butitsetsupprotectionstomakesurethetechnologystaysinthecontrolofworkers,ratherthanbeingusedbytheirbossestoreplacethem.Thenewrulesguardagainstseveraloccasionsthatwritershadfeared,comedianAdamConover,amemberoftheWGAnegotiatingcommittee,said.OnesuchsituationwasstudiosbeingallowedtogenerateafullscriptusingAIandthendemandingthatahumanwritercompletethewritingprocess.Underthenewterms,studios“cannotuseAItowritescriptsortoeditscriptsthathavealreadybeenwrittenbyawriter”,Conoversaid.ThecontractalsopreventsstudiosfromtreatingAI-generatedcontentas“sourcematerial”,likeanoveloraplaythatscreenwriterscouldbeassignedtoadaptforalowerfeeandlesscreditthananoriginalscript.Forinstance,ifthestudioswereallowedtouseChatGPTtogeneratea100,000-wordnovelandthenaskwriterstoadaptit,“Thatwouldbealoophole(漏洞)forthemtoreducethewagesofscreenwriters,”hesaid.“We'renotallowingthat.”Ifwritersadaptoutputfromlargelanguagemodels,itwillstillbeconsideredanoriginalscreenplay,headded.SimonJohnson,aneconomistattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologywhostudicstechnologicaltransformation,calledthenewtermsa“fantasticwinforwriters”andsaiditwouldlikelyresultin“betterqualityworkandastrongerindustryforlonger”.TheunionwinonAIisalsonotalossforthestudios,henoted,sincethey“willgetabetterproductfromthisarrangement”thantheymighthaveotherwise.虹口区高三英语本卷共9页第6页43.WhatdoesthenewcontractbetweenWGAandAMPTPsayabouttheuseofAItools?A.Theyarecompletelybannedfromthewritingprocess.B.Theycanbeusedbutmuststayunderwriters'control.C.Theyareencouragedtoreplacehumanwritersinstudios.D.Theycanbeusedonlyforeditingfinishedscreenplays.44.Accordingtothenewrules,whichofthefollowingpracticesisdisallowed?A.UsingAItofinishorreviseascriptwrittenbyahumanwriter.B.Askingwriterstopolishscriptsoriginallywrittenbyothers.C.Lettingwritersadaptplaysornovelsintonewscreenplays.D.PreventingwritersfromusingAItoolsforbrainstormingideas.45.ItcanbeinferredthatthewritersviewAItechnologymainlyas.A.atoolthatcanimproveefficiencyifallowedB.along-termissuethatneedsfurthernegotiationC.anecessaryevilthatwouldeventuallybeacceptedD.athreatthatrequiresimmediaterestrictions46.WhydoesSimonJohnsonthinkhighlyofthenewrules?A.Theentertainmentindustryisforcedtofocusonwriters'welfare.B.Theyensuregreaterjobstabilityandfairertreatmentforwriters.C.TheadoptionofAItoolssavestimeandlowersthestudios'cost.D.Theysecurewriters'rightsandsupportamoresustainableindustry.SectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.It'sareasonableexplanationthat'ssupportedbythedata.B.Hesentthesamplestoanindependentlaboratorythatfound9.45particlespermL.C.Tominimizetheirenvironmentalimpact,hikersareencouragedtoavoidwater-richareasalongthetrail.D.Nowtheysuspecttheywerewrong.E.Hikersshouldalsoconsiderwearingless-pollutingshoesorclothingmadewithnaturalfibers.F.Theyhavebeenfoundthroughoutthehumanbodyandcancrossthebrainbarriers.MicroplasticsinthewildernessSofttrailshoes(越野鞋)andhikingclothing"appeartobesignificantcontributorstomicroplasticsfindingtheirwayintotheseremote,otherwiseextremelycleanwaters",saidTimKeyes,aSacredHeartUniversitydatascientist.Microplasticsaretinybitsofplasticthatareeitherintentionallyaddedtoconsumerproductsorformedwhenlargerplasticsbreakdown.Theparticles(微粒)maycontainanyofabout16,000plasticchemicals,ofwhichmanypresentserioushealthrisks.47In2023,KeyestooksamplesfromLakeTearoftheClouds,about1,300metershigh.Itsees虹口区高三英语本卷共9页第7页heavyhikertrafficbecauseitisclosetoatrail.48Becausetheareaonlyhadhikertraffic,itwasassumedthatmicroplasticpollutionwasbeingbroughttothearealargelybyenvironmentalwater,especiallyasrainorsnow.49Theresearchersreturnedtwoyearslaterinearly2025tosampleLakeTearagainandalsoanotherlake,MossPond,atasimilarheightbutfarfromhumanactivity.Thelabfoundabout0.73piecespermLinMossPondandabout16.54piecesinLakeTear——abigdifferencesuggestingthathikertrafficplaysamajorrole.Trailshoeswithsoftsoles(鞋底)candropsmallplasticpiecesjustascartiresdo,Keyssaid.Theauthorssaythefindingsaremeanttogenerateawarenessandunderscorewhyindustryshouldproduceclothingandshoesthatwillshedfewermicroplastics.50III.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.51.ThePressureonParentstoTrainTheirBabies'BrainsRelax,butbeonconstantalert.Followyourinstincts,butdoexactlywhatthescientistssay.Amidsuchafloodof"expert"advice,isitanywonderthattheexperienceofmodernparentingcanoftenfeelexhausting?Thankfully,researchersarequestioningthisstress-generatingsituation.Itallbeginswiththeideaof"intensiveparenting",coinedinthe1990s,describingaparentingstandardthatparentsneedtobesharplysensitivetotheirchildren'scognitive,psychologicalandemotionalneedstoshapetheirbabies'brains.Unfortunately,itturnsmanyofparenting'spleasures——suchassmilingalongwithyourbaby——intocriticallyimportantworkwhich,ifnotperformedadequately,putsthatchild'sfuturehealthandhappinessindanger.However,theevidenceusedtoexplainhowbabybraindevelopsisoftenflawed——whetheritisaresultofsmallsamplesthataremorelikelytoturnupweirdresultsorstudyingchildrenwhohaveexperiencedextremeneglectandtheninferringmoregenerallessonsfromthis.Worsestill,suchresearchtakesashortpathtobecomingpublicpolicy.TakeAvisionforthe1,001criticaldays,aUKgovernmentreportpublishedin2021,whichstatesthattheinfantbrain“becomeshardwiredbythebaby'searliestexperiences”.Similarnarrativeshavebeenadoptedbyvariousorganizationsthatframeparents'interactionswiththeirbabyasacrucialwindowforshapingthatchild'sfuture.Ofcourse,thereisaplaceforscienceinunderstandingchilddevelopmentandparenting.Ratherthananalyzingtheparent-childrelationship,thinkhowbabiesandchildrenreallylearn.Theydosofromeveryone,notjusttheirparents,andaredoingitallthetime——throughwatching,listeningandplaying.Ratherthanattempttoshapeinfantsintoaparticulartypeofperson,parentsjustn