北京门头沟区高三年级综合练习英语试题

门头沟区2026年高三年级综合练习英语2026.3本试卷共11页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。MydadfoundheratworkwhenIwaseight.Shewasastray,homelessand____1____.Heopenedupthedoortohispickupandshejumpedin.Hertailwaggedalltheway.IwasstillatschoolwhenDadbroughtherhome.Ihadalwayswantedadog.MyparentshadsaidIcouldhaveonewhenIwas____2____enoughtolookafterothers.Well,Iguessthey____3____thetimewasright.Ihoppedoffthebus,notknowingwhatawaitedmeinside.Iwalkedthroughthedoor,andtomy____4____,apuppywitharedbowgreetedmewithakiss.Averyspecialfriendshipwas____5____.Nowsheneededaname.Mybrothersaid,“Shedoesn’twaghertailbackandforth;shewagsitincircles.She’ssquirrely.”Thusmypuppygothername—Squirrely.Forelevenyears,wewerethebestoffriends.Butasshegrewolder,she____6____averyseveredisease.Myparentsknewwhatneededtobedone,buttheyletmemakethisdifficultdecisionmyself.Whenmedicinenolonger____7____herpainandshecouldbarelywalk,Irealizeditwastimetolethergo.Icarriedherintothevet’sofficeandplacedhergentlyonthetable.Sheleanedforwardandsoftlylickedmyhand,asiftellingmetobe____8____.Thenthevetaskedbeforegivingthefinalshot,“Areyousure?”Withaheavyheartandtearfilledeyes,Inoddedyes.Thefinalshotwasgiven.Myeyesfixeduponherwaggingtail.Amatterofsecondsanditstopped.Iwrappedherup,carriedheroutand____9____herinthefieldwhereshelovedtochaserabbits.Manyyearslater,Ivisitedhergrave.Asinglewildflowergrewthere,swayinggentlyinthebreeze—ina____10____,justlikeSquirrely’stailusedtodo.Atthatmoment,Iknewmyspecialfriendwouldalwaysbewithme.1.A.calm B.energetic C.excited D.starving2.A.creative B.busy C.responsible D.curious3.A.figuredout B.boreout C.spelledout D.pointedout4.A.surprise B.fear C.regret D.sorrow5.A.lost B.born C.tested D.forgotten6.A.prevented B.cured C.developed D.examined7.A.doubled B.eased C.recorded D.increased8.A.quiet B.brave C.patient D.determined9.A.hid B.kept C.abandoned D.buried10.A.circle B.direction C.pattern D.line【答案】1.D2.C3.A4.A5.B6.C7.B8.B9.D10.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与一只名为Squirrely的流浪狗之间深厚的友谊，以及Squirrely因病离世后作者对她的怀念。【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她是一只流浪狗，无家可归，饥肠辘辘。A.calm冷静的；B.energetic精力充沛的；C.excited兴奋的；D.starving饥饿的。根据上文“Shewasastray,homeless”可知，流浪狗的常见处境是饥饿。故选D。【2题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的父母说，当我足够有责任感能够照顾别人时，我就可以养一只。A.creative有创造力的；B.busy忙碌的；C.responsible有责任感的；D.curious好奇的。根据下文“tolookafterothers”可知，照顾宠物需要具备责任心，这是父母允许养狗的条件。故选C。【3题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：嗯，我猜他们认为时机到了。A.figuredout认为，想出；B.boreout证明；C.spelledout拼出；D.pointedout指出。根据上文“IwasstillatschoolwhenDadbroughtherhome.Ihadalwayswantedadog.”可知，作者猜想父母认为养狗的时机到了。故选A。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我走进门，令我惊讶的是，一只戴着红蝴蝶结的小狗用亲吻迎接我。A.surprise惊讶；B.fear恐惧；C.regret后悔；D.sorrow悲伤。根据下文“apuppywitharedbowgreetedmewithakiss”可知，作者进门后看到一只小狗，这让他感到惊讶。故选A。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一段非常特殊的友谊诞生了。A.lost失去；B.born出生，诞生；C.tested测试；D.forgotten忘记。根据上文“apuppywitharedbowgreetedmewithakiss”可知，作者与小狗初次相遇，友谊就此开始。故选B。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但随着她年龄的增长，她患上了一种非常严重的疾病。A.prevented阻止；B.cured治愈；C.developed患（病）；D.examined检查。根据下文“averyseveredisease”可知，小狗患上了一种非常严重的疾病。故选C。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当药物不再缓解她的疼痛，她几乎不能走路时，我意识到是时候让她离开了。A.doubled加倍；B.eased缓解；C.recorded记录；D.increased增加。根据下文“shecouldbarelywalk”可知，药物失去作用，无法减轻病痛。故选B。【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她向前倾，轻轻地舔了舔我手，好像在告诉我要勇敢。A.quiet安静的；B.brave勇敢的；C.patient耐心的；D.determined有决心的。根据上文“Sheleanedforwardandsoftlylickedmyhand”可知，小狗在安慰作者要勇敢。故选B。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把她裹起来，把她抱出去，埋葬在她喜欢追兔子的田野里。A.hid隐藏；B.kept保持；C.abandoned抛弃；D.buried埋葬。根据下文“Ivisitedhergrave”可知，作者把小狗埋葬在她喜欢追兔子的田野里。故选D。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那里长着一朵野花，在微风中轻轻摇曳——画着圆圈，就像Squirrely的尾巴以前那样。A.circle圆圈；B.direction方向；C.pattern模式；D.line线。根据上文““Shedoesn’twaghertailbackandforth;shewagsitincircles.She’ssquirrely.””可知，此处呼应上文小狗摇尾巴的特点。故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Movingtoanewschoolisachallengingexperience,andforJames,therewasnoexception.Thefirstfewdays,hefeltuncertainabout____11____hecouldconnectwithothers.Heparticipatedindifferentmeetingsandexpressedhisownideasfreely.Bythetimeheattendedhisfifthvirtualclass,he____12____(begin)toappreciatetheflexibilityitoffered.Now,hesaysthat____13____(overe)theinitialanxietywasavaluablelessoninselfgrowth.【答案】11.howwhether12.hadbegun13.overing【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述詹姆斯转学后克服焦虑、适应新环境并实现自我成长的经历。【11题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：最初几天，他不确定自己能否与他人建立联系。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作介词about的宾语，从句中不缺主语和宾语，结合句意，此处表示“是否”或者“如何”，语义完整，所以用连接副词how/whether。故填how/whether。【12题详解】考查动词时态。句意：当他上第五节线上课时，他已经开始体会到这种方式带来的灵活性。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语time...time...可知，动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时，所以谓语动词为hadbegun。故填hadbegun。【13题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在他说，克服最初的焦虑是自我成长中宝贵的一课。此处为动名词短语作主语，所以用overing。故填overing。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Eachspring,amagicalmorningconcert____14____(perform)

bybirdsaroundtheworld.Thisphenomenon,knownasthedawnchorus,peaksduringtheearlybreedingseason.Scientistshavefound

that

the____15____(cool)andcalmermorningairallowstheirsongstotraveloverlongdistances.Themainpurposesofthisconcentratedsingingaretoattractpotentialmatesandtodefendtheir

territories.____16____(preserve)thiswonderforthefuture,wemustrecognizeoursharedroleinprotectingthesenaturalhabitats.【答案】14.isperformed15.cooler16.Topreserve【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了春日清晨鸟类齐鸣的自然奇观。【14题详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：每年春天，一场神奇的晨间音乐会由世界各地的鸟儿奏响。空处是谓语动词，根据时间状语Eachspring可知，用一般现在时，主语concert和perform是被动关系，用被动语态，主语concert是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填isperformed。【15题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：科学家们发现，清晨更凉爽、更平静的空气能让鸟鸣传播至很远的地方。空处作定语，根据后文的calmer可知，此处用形容词比较级。故填cooler。【16题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了将这一奇观留存给未来，我们必须认清自身在保护这些自然栖息地中共同肩负的责任。空处作目的状语，用不定式形式，置句首单词首字母大写。故填Topreserve。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WhenVRfirst____17____(appear)inflightsimulatorsin1929,itwasseenasagroundbreakingtechnologyandwasonceexpectedtorevolutionizeeducation.However,ithasprovenlesseffectiveforabstractknowledge____18____canbetaughtjustaswelltraditionally.Instead,VRshinesinteachingproceduralskills,requiringstepbysteppractice.Italsoexcelsinsocialsettings—forexample,helping____19____(individual)practicepublicspeakingornonverbalmunication.Thus,thetruevalueofVRliesnotinreplacingteachers,butinenhancinghowsocietytrainsprofessionals____20____itsplexneeds.【答案】17.appeared18.thatwhich19.individuals20.for【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍VR技术的起源、教育应用局限及其在技能训练与社会场景中的真正价值。【17题详解】考查动词时态。句意：1929年VR首次出现在飞行模拟器中时，它被视为一项突破性技术，曾有望彻底变革教育。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语in1929可知，描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，所以谓语动词用appeared。故填appeared。【18题详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，对于那些通过传统方式也能很好传授的抽象知识，它的效果已被证明较差。此处引导定语从句，先行词abstractknowledge指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。【19题详解】考查名词复数。句意：它在社交场景中也表现出色——例如，帮助人们练习公开演讲或非语言沟通。此处表示“人们、个体”，为可数名词复数概念，所以用individuals。故填individuals。【20题详解】考查介词。句意：因此，VR的真正价值不在于取代教师，而在于优化社会培养满足复杂需求专业人才的方式。此处为介词，结合句意，此处表示“为了、满足”，用介词for。故填for。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFebruarymaybeshortondays,butithasalonglistofnewbooks.ANewHistoryofRace,byAndrewS.CurranInthisnewhistory,Curran

offersafascinatingreassessmentofthatheadyeraofWesternphilosophy:howitstoweringthinkerscametoinventtheveryideaofraceasweknowittoday,andhowthatbiologicaldivisionofhumanitycametobepasseddown,quitemisleadingly,assomesortofpermanenttruth.AJourneyintoConsciousness,byMichaelPollanFewjournalistshavespentasmuchtimeasPollanthinkingaboutthekindsofstuffweputintoourbodies.InTheOmnivore’sDilemma,Pollan

hasconsideredfoodintensivelyfromeveryangleaswellassubstances

suchascaffeine

and

mindalteringplants.Now,Pollanistraininghisfocusonthinkingitself.Hisnewbookexploresourunderstandingofwhatitmeansto,well,

understand—aconceptthat’scrucialtoournotionofwhatitmeanstobehuman.IGiveYouMySilence,byMarioVargasLlosa“Eachbook,forme,hasbeenanadventure,”

VargasLlosatoldNPRafterhewonthe

2010NobelPrizeinLiterature.Perhapsit’sfittingthatthefruitofhisfinaladventure,

IGiveYouMySilence,reachesEnglishlanguagereadersonlyafterhisdeathlastyear

atage89.VargasLlosa’slastnovelcentersaprofessorseekingthesoulofhiscountryinmusic.PublishedinSpanishin2023,thebookisnowbeingbroughttoEnglishreadersbywayofAdrianNathanWest,whoalsotranslated

2021’s HarshTimes.21.WhatdoweknowaboutAndrewS.Curran’sbook?A.Itarguesthatraceisabiologicaltruthofhumans.B.Itfocusesonthelifestyleofthetoweringthinkers.C.Itstudieshowtheideaofracewascreatedandspread.D.IthighlypraisesWesternphilosophers’importantideas.22.Whichbookfocusesontheexplorationofhumanthinking?A.AJourneyintoConsciousness.B.TheOmnivore’sDilemma.C.ANewHistoryofRace.D.IGiveYouMySilence.23.Wherecouldyouprobablyreadthearticle?A.Inanovel. B.Inatravelguide.C.Inaresearchpaper. D.Inabookreviewsection.【答案】21.C22.A23.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三本二月新出版的书籍。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据ANewHistoryofRace,byAndrewS.Curran部分“Inthisnewhistory,CurranoffersafascinatingreassessmentofthatheadyeraofWesternphilosophy:howitstoweringthinkerscametoinventtheveryideaofraceasweknowittoday,andhowthatbiologicaldivisionofhumanitycametobepasseddown,quitemisleadingly,assomesortofpermanenttruth.(在这部全新史学著作中，Curran对西方哲学的那个激动人心的时代进行了引人入胜的重新评估：西方哲学的伟大思想家如何创造了我们今天所知的种族观念，以及这种对人类的生物学划分如何被误导性地作为某种永恒的真理传承下来。)”可知，Curran的书研究的是种族观念是如何产生和传播的。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据AJourneyintoConsciousness,byMichaelPollan部分“Now,Pollanistraininghisfocusonthinkingitself.(现在，Pollan将注意力集中在思考本身上。)”可知，AJourneyintoConsciousness这本书关注人类思维的探索。故选A。【23题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段提到“Februarymaybeshortondays,butithasalonglistofnewbooks.(二月可能时间很短，但它有很多新书。)”，接着文章介绍了三本新书，由此可知，这篇文章可能出现在书评部分。故选D。BSeveralyearsago,Iwentthroughabadperiod.Iwasbeaten

downbylonelinessandmarriageproblems,andourhousewas

constantlygoingthroughconstruction.Totopitalloff,myillness

becamesoseverethatIspentalifethreateningweekinthe

hospital,partofthetimeinanunconsciousstate.Afteranamazingescapefromdeath,itbecamecleartome:My

numbershouldhavebeencalled,butIwasstillhere.Theremustbe

areason.Ineededtosetmylifeonabettertrack.Butwhat

couldIdo?TheonlythingIhadcontroloverwasmyresponsetosituations.

Insteadoflettingallthefailuresbeatmeup,Icouldcelebratethe

goodthings.Buthow?I’dalwaysenjoyedphotography,butinthemessoflife,Ihad

pusheditaside.Ibroughtmycamerabackoutanddecidedtocaptureonespecial

momenteverydaywithaphoto.Bytheendoftheyear,Iwould

have365goodmemoriesrecorded.Intheend,therewereplentyofdayswhenI

didn’tgetaphoto,butmanydayswhenIdid.AndasIlooked

throughthegrowingnumberofpictures,newthoughtpatterns

begantoemerge.Ihadproofofjoyfulmoments.Thephotoshelpeddrawmeoutofawellofnegativity.My

problemswerereal,buttheyweren’teverything.Ihadbeen

sofocusedonthingsnotworkingandnothappeninginthecorrect

orderandtimethatIforgothowmanygoodthingswereoccurring

allaroundme.Therewerestilltimeswhenthedaysfelthopeless,butIgradually

pickeduponsignsoflightheartedness,likegoldenthreads(线)woven

throughaplaincloth.AndthemoreIlookedforthem,themore

montheyseemedtobee.Now,ourhouseisalmostfixed,ourmarriageisgoingstrong,and

I’mworkingtowardthecareerIusedtodreamaboutbutdidn’t

pursue.Thedailyphotosdidn’tmakethatallhappen,buttheydid

givemeabrightlighttofocusonwhenallotherthingsweredark.24.Whatmadetheauthordecidetochangeherlife?A.Hersuccessinphotography.B.Theimprovementofhermarriage.C.Thepletionofhouseconstruction.D.Herunexpectedsurvivalfromaseriousillness.25.Whatwasthedirecteffectoftheauthor’sdailyphotoprojectonher?A.Ithelpedshiftherfocusfromnegativity.B.Itrequiredhertocapturebeautifulphotos.C.Itimmediatelysolvedhermarriageproblems.D.Itturnedherintoaprofessionalphotographer.26.Whichwordcanbestdescribetheauthor?A.Creative. B.Flexible. C.Dependable. D.Ambitious.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Manyhandsmakelightwork.B.Everycloudhasasilverlining.C.Constantdroppingwearsthestone.D.Apictureisworthathousandwords.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在经历了一段艰难时期后，通过每天拍摄一张照片来记录生活中的美好瞬间，从而逐渐走出阴霾，积极面对生活的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Totopitalloff,myillnessbecamesoseverethatIspentalifethreateningweekinthehospital,partofthetimeinanunconsciousstate.(更糟糕的是，我的病情变得非常严重，在医院里度过了危及生命的一周，其中一部分时间处于无意识状态。)”以及第二段“Afteranamazingescapefromdeath,itbecamecleartome:Mynumbershouldhavebeencalled,butIwasstillhere.Theremustbeareason.Ineededtosetmylifeonabettertrack.(在奇迹般地逃脱死亡之后，我明白了：我本应该被死神选中，但我还在这里。一定有原因。我需要让我的生活走上更好的轨道。)”可知，作者从重病中意外存活下来让她决定改变自己的生活。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AndasIlookedthroughthegrowingnumberofpictures,newthoughtpatternsbegantoemerge.Ihadproofofjoyfulmoments.Thephotoshelpeddrawmeoutofawellofnegativity.(当我浏览越来越多的照片时，新的思维模式开始出现。我有快乐时刻的证据。这些照片帮助我走出了消极的深渊。)”可知，作者每天拍照的项目的直接影响是这帮助她将注意力从消极情绪上转移开。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“TheonlythingIhadcontroloverwasmyresponsetosituations.Insteadoflettingallthefailuresbeatmeup,Icouldcelebratethegoodthings.Buthow?I’dalwaysenjoyedphotography,butinthemessoflife,Ihadpusheditaside.Ibroughtmycamerabackoutanddecidedtocaptureonespecialmomenteverydaywithaphoto.Bytheendoftheyear,Iwouldhave365goodmemoriesrecorded.(我唯一能控制的是我对情况的反应。与其让所有的失败打击我，我可以庆祝美好的事情。但是怎么做呢？我一直喜欢摄影，但在混乱的生活中，我把它推到了一边。我把相机拿了出来，决定每天用照片捕捉一个特别的时刻。到年底，我将有365个美好的回忆被记录下来。)”可知，作者在面对生活的困境时，能够灵活地调整自己的心态和行为，通过摄影来寻找生活中的美好，这体现了她的灵活性。故选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。文章讲述了作者在经历了一段艰难时期后，通过每天拍摄一张照片来记录生活中的美好瞬间，从而逐渐走出阴霾，积极面对生活的故事，这告诉我们即使在黑暗的时刻，也总有一线光明存在，只要我们积极寻找，就能发现生活中的美好，选项B“黑暗中总有一线光明”符合文章主旨。故选B。CWhetherit’sdonutsburgers,oricecreams,therearealwayssomepeoplewillingtolineupforhourstogetatasteofthelatestfood.Whatthesepeoplemightnotrealize,however,isthatthosetreatsareevenmorepsychologicallyrewardingafterthey’vewaitedhoursinline.Butwhydoweenjoythingsmorewhenwe’vehadtosufferforthem?It’saquestionthat’spuzzledneuroscientistsfordecades,butresearchpublishedinNatureisthrowinglightonthisphenomenon.Thiskindofsunkcostfallacy(沉没成本谬误)isthetendencytopersistwithafailingcourseofactionduetopriorinvestmentsoftime,moneyoreffort.Itisn’tjustamontrapinthebusinessworld,italsospreadsallovertheanimalworld.Organismsfromantstohumanbeingstendtovaluethosethingstheyhadtoworkformorethanthosethatcameeasily.Itseemscounterintuitive(有悖常理的)fromanevolutionaryview—afterall,whywouldwebehardwiredtoputmoresufferingonourselves?Theanswer,accordingtoShnei,involvesourfamiliarfrienddopamine(多巴胺).Inanearlierstudy,Shneiandhiscolleaguesdiscoveredthatmicethatreceivedarewardafteroveringachallengereleasedmoredopamineparedtothosethatdidn’tsufferfortheirtreat.Now,they’veaddedanewpiecetothepuzzle:accordingtotheirlatestresearch,dopamine’sroleasasatisfactionsignalisevenmoredifficulttounderstandthanpreviouslythought.Thebiggertheeffort,themoredopamineisreleased,whichinturnmakestherewardseemmorevaluable,explainingthesatisfactionwefeelafterfinallygettingourhandsonthatdonutwe’vebeenwaitinginlinefor.Butwhydoesthishappeninthefirstplace?Shneihassomeideas:inanenvironmentwithlimitedresources,whererewardsareoftenhardtoeby,itmakessensetoprioritizethosethatrequiremoreeffort.Becausedopaminestrengthensthebehavior,itmaybethatwe’rehardwiredtovaluethingsmorewhenwe’vesufferedforthem—evenifthatsufferingwasentirelyunnecessary.imeyou’rewaitinginlineforadonut,justremember:itmightnotbethesnackthat’sworththewait—it’syourbrainplayingtricksonyou.28.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisanexampleofthe“sunkcostfallacy”?A.Choosingacheaperbutlesstastyrestaurant.B.Sittingthroughanexpensivebutterriblemovie.C.Buyinganewphonesincetheoldoneisoutofstyle.D.Takingataxiinsteadofwaitingforaneveringbus.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Moreeffortleadstogreaterrewardvalue.B.Dopaminehasnoconnectionwiththeeffort.C.Micedonotexperiencethesunkcostfallacy.D.Miceprefereasyrewardsoverhardearnedones.30.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofwaitinginlineforasnack?A.Thesnack’stastebringsrealsatisfaction.B.Thewaitingprocessisofgreatimportance.C.Thetastysnackiswellworththelongwait.D.Thesatisfactionesfromone’sbrainreaction.【答案】28.B29.A30.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文探讨了沉没成本谬误这一现象，解释人们为何会为付出大量时间、精力获得的事物赋予更高价值。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Thiskindofsunkcostfallacy(沉没成本谬误)isthetendencytopersistwithafailingcourseofactionduetopriorinvestmentsoftime,moneyoreffort.(这种沉没成本谬误是指由于先前投入了时间、金钱或努力，而倾向于坚持一个失败的行为方向。)”可知，选项B“看完一部昂贵但糟糕的电影”正是沉没成本谬误的体现，因为尽管电影不好看，但由于已经投入了金钱和时间，人们往往会选择继续看完。故选B。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thebiggertheeffort,themoredopamineisreleased,whichinturnmakestherewardseemmorevaluable,explainingthesatisfactionwefeelafterfinallygettingourhandsonthatdonutwe’vebeenwaitinginlinefor.(努力越大，释放的多巴胺就越多，这反过来又使奖励显得更有价值，解释了为什么我们在终于排到队买到那个甜甜圈后会感到满足。)”可知，更多的努力会导致更大的奖励价值。故选A。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“imeyou’rewaitinginlineforadonut,justremember:itmightnotbethesnackthat’sworththewait—it’syourbrainplayingtricksonyou.(下次你排队买甜甜圈时，请记住：可能不是零食值得等待，而是你的大脑在捉弄你。)”可知，作者认为排队买零食的满足感来自于大脑的反应。故选D。DAnewstudysuggeststhatthepeoplewhoreachthetopoftheirfieldstypicallywereallinvolvedinmultipledisciplineswhentheywereyoung.Youngprodigies(奇才)—theteenagesportsstars,thehighschoolersburstingintothechessranks,thekidsmakingscientificdiscoveries—areusuallynotthesameaslatebloomerswhoreachthepinnacleoftheirfieldsinadulthood,accordingtoanewstudy.Andthetwogroupsbegintheirjourneysinverydifferentways.Thestudy,publishedonThursdayinthejournalScience,foundthatachievementinyouthtypicallystartswithafocusononething:Apianistplaysnootherinstrument;aswimmerstaysinthepool.Butthepeoplewhoachievethemostlaterinlifetypicallystartwithlesssingularintensity,engagingacrossmultipledisciplines,andlessearlysuccess.“Whenparingperformersacrossthehighestlevelsofachievement,”theresearcherswrote,“theevidencesuggeststhateventualpeakperformanceisnegativelyassociatedwithearlyperformance.”Thereareexceptions,ofcourse,thoserisingstarswhoendupexploringtheouterlimitsofhumancapacity.JustlookatSimoneBilesorMozart,whoseexceptionalabilitieswereevidentinchildhood.Theyfoundthatpeoplewhoreachthepinnacleoftheirownfield—whetherathletes,scientistsorartists—typicallyplied(从事)avarietyofdisciplinesinchildhoodandadvancedmoreslowly,andtheireventualfieldwasneveranarrowfocusfromthestart.AaronClifton,aprofessorattheKarolinskaInstitute,noted:“Acrossverydifferentdisciplines,verydifferentprofiles,verydifferentskillsandverydifferentagesofpeakperformance,therateofdevelopmentofthebestperformersisverysimilar.”Thepatternswerevisiblebetweenthemostleadingperformersandthepeoplejustbelowthem;thinkNobelwinnersandthosewhowereawardedbynationallevelprize.Bothgroupsarehighachieving,butthepeoplewhoreachtheabsolutepeak—theNobellaureates—generallyshowedthemoregradualprogressionwithalater,slowerbutmultidisciplinarystart.“There’ssomethinghopefulhereforthoseofuswhowerenotchildprodigies,”saidDeanKeithSimonton,anemeritusprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofCalifornia,Davis.Butthestudyalsohasitslimitations.Theresearchfocusedonfieldswhereperformancecanbemeasuredclearly—sports,musicandscience.Itmaynotapplytootherareas,likebusinessorpolitics.Theresearcherswerealso,importantly,studyingremes:theverybestofthebest.Thesearenotrandompeople;theyaretheonesstuckwiththeirchosenactivity.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pinnacle”inParagraph1mostlymean?A.Thenewheight. B.Thesevereissue.C.Thehighestpoint. D.Thepointoffailure.32Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearchinthepassage?A.Adultachievershavegreatearlysuccess.B.Prodigieshavehighersuccessthanadultachievers.C.Prodigiesfocusonmultipledisciplinesintheirearlyage.D.Adultachievershavebroadexplorationwhenthey’reyoung.33.What’stherelationshipbetweenearlyperformanceandeventualpeakperformance?A.Theyarealittleassociated.B.Theyarenegativelycorrelated.C.Thecorrelationvariesbyprofession.D.Thereisnocorrelationbetweenthem.34.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tohighlightthestudy’slimitations.B.Toparesportsandsciencecareers.C.Tointroduceanewstudyonpeakachievers.D.Tocriticizethepursuitofearlyachievements.【答案】31.C32.D33.B34.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究，该研究探讨了不同领域顶尖人才在年轻时的经历和成就模式。【31题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Youngprodigies—theteenagesportsstars,thehighschoolersburstingintothechessranks,thekidsmakingscientificdiscoveries—areusuallynotthesameaslatebloomerswhoreachthepinnacleoftheirfieldsinadulthood.(年轻的奇才——十几岁的体育明星、冲进国际象棋行列的高中生、做出科学发现的孩子们——通常与那些在成年后达到各自领域_____的后来者不同。)”可知，Youngprodigies和latebloomers这两类人应该是不同的，前者是年轻时取得成就的人，后者是成年后才取得成就的人，所以pinnacle的意思应该是“最高点”。故选C。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Butthepeoplewhoachievethemostlaterinlifetypicallystartwithlesssingularintensity,engagingacrossmultipledisciplines,andlessearlysuccess.(但那些在人生后期取得最高成就的人，起步时往往不会专注单一领域，而是涉猎多个学科，早年也鲜有亮眼成绩。)”可知，成年成功者在年轻时有广泛的探索。故选D。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whenparingperformersacrossthehighestlevelsofachievement,theevidencesuggeststhateventualpeakperformanceisnegativelyassociatedwithearlyperformance.(当比较最高成就水平的表演者时，有证据表明，最终的表现与早期表现呈负相关。)”可知，早期表现和最终巅峰表现之间的关系是负相关。故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Anewstudysuggeststhatthepeoplewhoreachthetopoftheirfieldstypicallywereallinvolvedinmultipledisciplineswhentheywereyoung.(一项新的研究表明，那些在自己领域达到顶峰的人在年轻时通常都涉及多个学科。)”可知，这篇文章的主要目的是介绍一项关于顶尖成就者的新研究。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Overthesummer,OhioStateUniversityannouncedanew

initiative

promisingto“integrateAIeducationintothecoreofeveryundergraduatecurriculum.”Similarinitiativesarebeingrolledoutatotheruniversities.____35____Basedontheavailableevidence,theskillsthatfuturegraduateswillmostneedintheAIeraarepreciselythosethatarelikelytobeweakenedbyinsertingAIintotheeducationalprocess.StudentsmustbeabletoaskAIquestions,criticallyanalyzeitswrittenresponses,identifypossibleweaknessesorinaccuracies,and

integrate

newinformationwiingknowledge.Eachoftheseskillsesfromyearsofsustainededucationaldevelopment.____36____“IfindthatcarefuluseofAIhelpsmeatwork,butthatisbecauseIpletedmyeducationdecadesagoandhavebeenactivelystudyingeversince,”thesociologistGabrielRossmanhas

written.“My

accumulatedknowledge

givesmeinspirationfornewresearchquestionsandtechniques.”WilltheAIintegratededucation

developtheseskills?____37____Forexample,ateamofscientistsatMITrecentlydividedsubjectsintothreegroupsandaskedthemtowriteanumberofshortessaysoverthecourseofseveralmonths.ThefirstgroupusedChatGPTtoassistitswriting,thesecondusedGoogleSearch,andthethirdusednotechnology.They found

thatthesubjectsthatusedChatGPTproducedvague,poorlyreasonedessaysandshowedthelowestlevelsofbrainactivity.____38____Otherstudies

havefound

anegativecorrelation

betweenAIuseandcognitiveabilities.____39____ThemostresponsiblewayforcollegestopreparestudentsforthefutureistoteachAIskillsonlyafterbuildingasolidfoundationof

basiccognitive(认知的)ability

and

advanceddisciplinaryknowledge.A.Thisishowinnovationhappens.B.Thesefindingsraiseseriousdoubtsaboutthepush.C.Agrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhatitwillnot.D.Weshouldengageincautiousandreasoned

thinking.E.SomeexpertsargueforapletebanonAIineducationalsettings.F.Butsuchpoliciesrepresentadangerously

rapid

anduninformedresponsetothetechnology.G.Theytendedtoposetheirworksimplybycuttingandpasting()materialfromothersources.【答案】35.F36.A37.C38.G39.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨高校将AI融入课程的举措，指出其可能削弱核心能力，呼吁理性谨慎推行AI教育。【35题详解】根据前文“Overthesummer,OhioStateUniversityannouncedanewinitiativepromisingto“integrateAIeducationintothecoreofeveryundergraduatecurriculum.”Similarinitiativesarebeingrolledoutatotheruniversities.(今年夏天，俄亥俄州立大学宣布了一项新计划，承诺将‘人工智能教育融入每一门本科课程的核心’。其他大学也在推出类似的举措。)”可知，前文介绍多所高校推行AI融入课程的政策，此空应表达对该政策的负面看法，F选项“Butsuchpoliciesrepresentadangerouslyrapidanduninformedresponsetothetechnology.(但此类政策是对这项技术仓促且盲目、充满危险的应对。)”转折指出政策问题，符合语境。故选F项。【36题详解】根据前文“Eachoftheseskillsesfromyearsofsustainededucationaldevelopment.(这些能力都来自多年持续的教育培养。)”以及后文社会学家凭借积累的知识获得研究灵感的例子可知，积累知识能催生创新，A选项“Thisishowinnovationhappens.(创新就是这样产生的。)”承接前后文，符合语境。故选A项。【37题详解】根据前文“WilltheAIintegratededucationdeveloptheseskills?(融入人工智能的教育能培养这些能力吗？)”以及后文MIT的研究结果可知，研究表明答案是否定的，C选项“Agrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhatitwillnot.(越来越多的研究表明不能。)”回答前文设问，符合语境。故选C项。【38题详解】根据前文“They found

thatthesubjectsthatusedChatGPTproducedvague,poorlyreasonedessaysandshowedthelowestlevelsofbrainactivity.(他们发现，使用ChatGPT的受试者写出的文章含糊不清、推理薄弱，且大脑活动水平最低。)”可知，前文说明使用AI写文章的问题，此空应解释具体表现，G选项“Theytendedtoposetheirworksimplybycutti