2024新人教版英语八年级下Unit 5知识清单

UNIT5NATURE’STEMPERSectionA词性转换floodn.水灾；洪水v.泛滥；淹没→floodedadj.被淹没的→floodingn.洪水泛滥warnv.警告；提醒注意→warningn.警告；警示waven.波浪；波；挥手v.挥手；挥舞→wavyadj.波浪状的interviewn.&v.采访；面试→interviewern.采访者；面试官→intervieween.受访者；面试者neighbourhoodn.街区；临近的地方→neighbourn.邻居→neighbouringadj.邻近的nearlyadv.几乎；差不多；将近→nearadj.近的adv.在附近prep.靠近→nearbyadj.附近的adv.在附近p.46reportn.&v.报道；汇报→reportern.记者；播报员troublen.苦恼；困难v.使忧虑、苦恼；劳驾；麻烦→troublesomeadj.麻烦的；棘手的relativen.亲戚；亲属adj.相对的→relatev.联系；相关→relatedadj.相关的→relationn.关系；亲属preparationn.准备（工作）；预备→preparev.准备→preparedadj.准备好的powern.电力供应；能量；力量→powerfuladj.强大的；有力的soundlyadv.（睡觉）酣畅地；可靠地；完全彻底地→soundadj.健全的；合理的；熟睡的v.听起来thickadj.厚的；浓密的→thickenv.变厚；加厚→thicknessn.厚度hidev.躲藏；隐蔽→hiddenadj.隐藏的tempern.脾气；怒气p.41earthquaken.地震p.42typhoonn.台风p.42wildfiren.野火p.42snowstormn.雪暴；暴风雪p.42droughtn.旱灾；干旱p.42dochores做家务p.42tsunamin.海啸p.43slowdown（使）慢下来；（使）减速p.43roofn.屋顶；顶部p.43comeoff（从某物上）脱落；掉落p.43truckn.卡车p.44supplyn.供应（量）；(pl.supplies)补给（品）v.供应；供给p.44makepreparations作准备p.44beatv.(beat,beaten/ˈbiːtn/)敲；打n.敲击；跳动p.45tornadon.龙卷风；旋风p.45choren.日常事务；琐事p.42背记短语belikelytodosth可能做某事duringanaturaldisaster在自然灾害期间at/aroundthetimeof在……之际hearabout听说warnsbabout/ofsth警告某人某事intime及时atthetime/moment此刻；当时allofasudden突然do(some)chores做家务takesbbysurprise使某人猝不及防strongwindsandheavyrain狂风暴雨getflooded被洪水淹没intheeyeofatyphoon在台风眼中cause…todosth致使……做某事takeplace发生slowdown（使）慢下来；（使）减速weatherreport天气预报helpwiththeclean-up帮忙清理beworriedabout/worryabout担心comeoff（从某物上）脱落；掉落movewest向西移动closeby在附近advisesbtodosth建议某人做某事payattentionto注意stayinside待在室内getintoanaccident发生事故move…off…把……移离……emergencysupplies应急物资makepreparationsfor/preparefor为……作准备goout断电；熄灭；退潮；外出sleepsoundly睡得安稳raincatsanddogs下倾盆大雨lookup抬头看；查阅thickblackclouds浓密的乌云beatagainst拍打；敲打atonce立刻；马上hidefrom躲避atlast最终；终于stepoutside走到外面findsbdoingsth发现某人正在做某事oneanother互相bringsbclosertogether使某人更亲近课文佳句Whatakindneighbour!多么善良的邻居啊！Wedidn’tnoticethatthewaterwasrising!我们没注意到水位在上涨！Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenthebuildingshookallofasudden.大楼突然晃动时，我正在写作业。Oh,Iwasdoingsomechoreswhilemymotherwaspreparinglunch.妈妈准备午饭时，我在做家务。Theearthquaketookusbysurprisetoo.地震也让我们猝不及防。Wasn’tthesnowstormlastweekendterrible,LiuYun?刘云，上周末的暴风雪不是很可怕吗？Whenthetyphoonhit,myfamilywerehavingdinnerathome.台风来袭时，我们一家人正在家中吃晚饭。Now,thetyphoonisslowingdownasitmoveswest,butit’snotover.台风向西移动时风力逐渐减弱，但其尚未结束。Thereporteradvisedpeopletobecareful,payattentiontotheweatherreports,anddostayinside.记者建议民众小心防范、关注天气预报，务必待在室内。Weweredrivinghomefromourrelatives’housewhenthestrongwindsstarted.大风袭来时，我们正驱车从亲戚家回家。Itwasraininghardwhileweweredrivingback.我们驾车返程途中大雨滂沱。Wealmostgotintoanaccidentwhenatrucknearlyhitus.一辆卡车险些撞上我们，我们差点出车祸。Didyourfamilymakeanypreparationsbeforethetyphoonlanded?台风登陆前你们家做准备了吗？WhenJennylookedup,thickblackcloudswereforminginthesky,andtherainwasbeatingagainsttheirroof.珍妮抬头望去，天空乌云密布，雨点重重敲打屋顶。Dadgavehersomechocolateandtoldherthattheywerehidingfromanangrylion.爸爸递给她巧克力，告诉他说他们正在躲避一头发怒的狮子。Whentheysteppedoutside,theyfoundthesunshining.当走出去时，他们发现阳光明媚。Peoplewereaskingoneanotheriftheyweresafewhilesomewerestartingtoclearthestreets.人们互相询问是否安全，同时一些人开始清理街道。Thetornadowasscary,butitalsobroughteveryoneclosertogether.龙卷风十分恐怖，但它也让打架更加紧密地团结在一起。SectionB词性转换worstadj.&adv.最坏（的）；最糟（的）→badadj.坏的→badlyadv.恶劣地unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；可惜地→fortunatelyadv.幸运地→(un)fortunateadj.(不)幸运的→fortunen.运气；命运；财富refusev.拒绝；退却→refusaln.拒绝securityn.安全；保安；保障→secureadj.安全的v.保护screamv.尖叫→screamern.尖叫者thankfullyadv.幸亏；感激地→thankfuladj.感激的→thankv.&n.感谢knowledgen.知识；学问→knowledgeableadj.学识渊博的；博学的→knowv.知道；了解→knownadj.知名的；著名的→unknownadj.未知的thinkingn.思考；想法→thinkv.思考；认为→thoughtn.想法；思想→thoughtfuladj.深思的；体贴的heron.英雄；男主角；偶像→heroinen.女英雄→heroicadj.英雄的rescuen.&v.救援；营救→rescuern.救援人员southwesternadj.西南的；西南方向的→southwestn.西南adj.西南的adv.向西南volunteern.志愿者；自告奋勇者v.自愿做；义务做→volunteeringn.志愿活动→voluntaryadj.自愿的→voluntarilyadv.自愿地terriblyadv.非常糟地；非常→terribleadj.糟糕的；可怕的alarmn.警报（器）；惊恐→alarmingadj.令人惊恐的reviewv.复习；回顾；复查n.回顾；审查→revisionn.复习；修订→reviewern.评论家；审核人suddenadj.突然的；骤然的→suddenlyadv.突然地thundern.雷；雷声v.打雷；发出雷鸣般响声→thunderyadj.雷雨的usualadj.通常的；寻常的→unusualadj.不寻常的→usuallyadv.通常地unluckyadj.不幸的；不顺利的；不吉利的→unluckilyadv.不幸地；不顺利地→(un)luckyadj.(不)幸运的→luckn.运气Indonesia印度尼西亚→Indonesianadj.印尼（人）的n.印尼人；印尼语Japan日本→Japaneseadj.日本（人）的n.日本人；日语schoolgirln.（学校的）女生p.46frothn.泡；泡沫p.46guardn.卫兵；保卫v.保卫p.46securityguard保安人员p.46assoonas一……就……p.47landsliden.滑坡；塌方p.48safeguardv.保护；捍卫p.48floodwatern.洪水p.48manpowern.劳动力；人力p.48heartbeatn.心跳（声）p.48heatwaven.热浪p.48firefightern.消防队员p.48alarmclock闹钟p.49gooff（警报器等）发出响声p.49allofasudden突然；猛地p.49bythetime到……的时候p.49outofbreath上气不接下气p.49rainstormn.暴风雨p.49asaresult因此p.49Tilly蒂莉p.46Phuket普吉岛p.46policen.警察部门；警方p.48背记短语knowof听说；了解onholiday在度假ontopof在……顶端insteadof代替；而不是refusetodosth拒绝做某事takeasinglestepfurther再往前迈一步decidetodosth决定做某事therestof其余的return/gobacktosp返回某地securityguard保安人员jumpintoaction立刻行动rightaway立刻rushtodosth急忙做某事getsboffsp让某人离开某处as…asonecan尽可能……的seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事makeit成功做到；脱险mean/makethedifferencebetweenAandB造成A与B之间的差异betweenlifeanddeath生死之间thanksto多亏；由于beabletodosth能够做某事lookoutfor留意；提防assoonas一……就……surviveanaturaldisaster从自然灾害中幸存saveone’slife挽救某人生命oneday某天；总有一天gotogetherwith与……相伴blowacross吹过sweepthrough席卷rescueworker救援人员safeguard…from…保护……免受……伤害avoiddoingsth避免做某事putout扑灭；熄灭warnsbtodosth提醒/警告某人做某事stayawayfrom远离becauseof因为；由于giveup放弃bytheendof在……结束之前managetodosth设法做成某事alarmclock闹钟gooff（警报器等）发出响声wakeup醒来rushtosp冲向某地haveatest参加考试reviewone’snotes复习笔记waitfor等待allofasudden突然；猛地rollacross滚过bythetime到……的时候outofbreath上气不接下气asaresult因此；结果afterall终究；毕竟gowrong出故障；出差错grow/getdarkeranddarker变得越来越昏暗flashacross闪过ontheotherhand另一方面begluedto全神贯注；目不转睛地盯着；粘在…上havesthout把……弄出来bereadytodosth准备好做某事beafraidof害怕beabouttodosth即将做某事inthewayof阻碍；妨碍windspeed风速airpressure气压makebetterforecasts做出更好的预报toone’ssurprise令某人惊讶的是behaveinanunexpectedway表现反常playanimportantrolein在…中发挥重要作用课文佳句Somepeoplewereswimminginthesea,andsomewererelaxingonthebeach.有的人在海里游泳，有的人在海滩上休憩。ButwhileTillywaswalkingalongthebeachwithherfamily,shenoticedsomethingstrange.但是当Tilly和家人沿着海滩散步时，她注意到了一些奇怪的事情。Next,shesawthatthewaveswerecomingininsteadofgoingout.接着她发现海浪不断涌来而非退去。Twoweeksbefore,hergeographyteacherhadexplainedthatearthquakesundertheseacouldcreatedangerouswavescalledtsunamis.两周前地理老师解释过，海底地震会引发海啸这种凶险海浪。However,Tillyrefusedtotakeasinglestepfurther.然而，Tilly拒绝再往前挪动一步。Finally,hermotherdecidedtocontinuethewalkalone,andtherestofherfamilyreturnedtothehotel.最后妈妈决定独自继续散步，其余家人返回酒店。Hejumpedintoactionrightawayandrushedtogetpeopleoffthebeach.他立刻行动，急忙疏散海滩上的人群。Peoplewerescreamingandrunningasfastastheycouldwhentheysawahugewallofwatercomingfromthesea.当人们看见滔天巨浪袭来时，他们尖叫着，倾力奔跑了起来。Thistruestoryshowshowasinglelessoncouldmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.这个真实故事表明，单独一堂课就意味着生死之别。Thankstoherknowledgeandquickthinking,oneschoolgirlwasabletosaveover100lives.多亏了她的学识和敏捷的思维，一名女学生就能救下100多人的生命。Tilly’sfamilywentbacktothehotelexcepthermother.除了妈妈，Tilly一家人都回到了酒店。Thefamilybuiltstrongroofstosafeguardtheirhousefromheavystorms.这家人建造了坚固的屋顶，以保护他们的房子免受暴雨的侵袭。Theyputoutthefires,broughtmorethan1,500peopletosafety,andwarnedotherstostaya