【江苏】2025年高考全国一卷英语高考真题文档版（含答案）

试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页试卷第=page11页，共=sectionpages33页2025年度全国普通高校招生统一考试（全国卷一）英语学科总分150分，答题时间为120分钟。第一板块：听力测试（包含两个部分，合计30分）。第二板块：阅读理解（共分为两部分，总分50分）第一部分（共15道题；每题2.5分，总分37.5分）请阅读以下短文，并从每题提供的A、B、C、D四个选项中挑选出最合适的一项。AEco-friendlytransformationsinaviation,rail,androadtransportGlobalCO2emissionsaresignificantlyinfluencedbythemovementofgoodsandpeopleacrosstheglobe.Astheworldstrivestoachievetotaldecarbonization,thetransportationsectorpresentsauniquechallenge,asitisresponsibleforapproximately25%ofallenergy-relatedgreenhousegasemissions.Thefollowingisadetailedbreakdownofemissionsbytransportmodefortheyear2018.Transportfuelsmustbemorethanjustenvironmentallyfriendly,affordable,andefficient;theyalsoneedtobelightweightandsafefortransport.Differentmodesoftransportationhavedistinctfuelrequirements.Whilemanychallengesremaintobeaddressed,thefollowingaresomepotentialsolutionsfortransitioningtogreenenergy.PLANES—SynthetichydrocarbonsThehardestsectortodecarbonizeisaviation.Onelong-termoptionforsustainablefuelforplanesistomakehydrocarbonsfromrecycledair.CARS—BatteriesBatteriesareenergy-efficientandelectriccarscanplugintoexistingsystemsandservices.Newsolid-statebatterieswilltakeacarfartheronasinglecharge.TRAINS—ElectricitySometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrailsorwires;otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways.TRUCKS—HydrogenfuelcellsHydrogenfuelcellsarealighterchoicethanbatteriesfortrucks,butmakinggreenhydrogenisexpensive.SHIPS—LiquidammoniaLiquidammoniaiseasytokeepandtransport,butitishardtoignite(点燃)andrequiresanengineredesign.AccordingtoKeithWipke,amechanicalengineerfromtheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory,thecurrentenergytransitionisaworldwidephenomenon,andthescaleofrenewableenergyrequiredgloballyistrulystaggering.Projectionsindicatethatbytheyear2050,theworld'sdemandforelectricitymayincreasebymorethantwofold.Luckily,variousanalysesindicatethatrenewableenergysourcesarecapableofmeetingthisneed.Wipkeemphasizesthatwemustacceleratethegrowthofgreenenergy,assertingthattherewillbesufficientdemandforallofit.1.In2018,whatwastheproportionofworldwidetransportemissionsattributedtoroadvehicles?A．11.6%

B．45.1%

C．74.5%

D．86.1%2.Whichmeansoftransportationcanbetransitionedtoaneco-friendlymodemoreeasily?A.飞机

B.卡车

C.火车

D.轮船3.AccordingtoWipke,whatisthesuggestionconcerningthetransitionofenergy?A.Restrictingtheuseoffuel.B.Increasingthefocusonrenewableenergysources.C．提升能源利用效率。

D．降低电费成本，使电力更实惠。BDuringtheninth-gradewritingcourseItaughtlastyear,Iencounteredavarietyofcompellingcharacters:acowboywhorescuedhiscommunity,asternfatherwhoinsistedhissonachieveperfectgrades,andacontemporaryJulietwhopassedawayfromgriefafterherparentsforbadeherfrombeingwiththeloveofherlife.Onseveraloccasions,Iquestionedhowmystudentsmanagedtopossesssuchaprofoundunderstandingoftheirsubjectswhilecraftingthesefigures.However,thesituationchangedwiththeirinitialessayassignment,whichasked:Whyiswritingimportant?Themajorityofthestudentswrotelessthanasinglepage,andveryfewincludedasentencethatfunctionedasaclearthesisstatement.Iwasstunned.Subsequently,Iunderstoodthattheissuelaywiththepromptitself.Whiletheymighthavewrittenextensivelyabouttheimportanceofcomputers,theactofwriting,initsownright,simplydidnotseemsignificanttothem.Thiswasaperceptionthatneededtobealtered.Withthebeginningofanewunit,Iinstructedthestudentstocomposeapersuasiveessayfocusingonahealth-relatedsubjectoftheirownchoosing.Onthisoccasion,theyfoundthetasksignificantlymoreengaging.Forthesubsequenttwoprojects—aunitonpersonalnarrativesfollowedbyacreativewritingworkshop—myonlyrequirementswerethattheworkadheretothespecificconventionsofitsgenreandincludeaclearthesis.Theoutcomeswereastonishing.Thestudentsexploredawidearrayoftopicsandsubmittedstoriesrangingfrom10to20pages,featuringcharactersthatbothexpandedmyperspectiveanddeeplymovedme.Ienteredtheclassroomwiththeconvictionthatwritingservesasavitaltoolforcommunication.Yet,mystudentsrevealedamoreprofoundtruthtome.AsthefinalbellofJuneechoed,Ileftwithayearbookbrimmingwithnotesthathighlightedthetruepowerofwriting:itscapacitytoforgeconnectionsbetweenindividuals,toallowustoexperiencelifefromanother'sperspective,andtoilluminatetheessenceofbeinghuman.4.Whichindividualsarereferredtointheopeningpartofparagraph1?A．九年级学生。

B．学生的家长。C.当代作家。D.虚构人物。5.Whatwasthereasonforthestudents'poorperformanceontheirfirstessay?A．时间分配不足，导致他们没有足够的时间。

B．他们的词汇量非常有限。C.Theyfailedtocorrectlyunderstandthequestion.

D.Theyshowedverylittleinterestinthetopic.6.Inparagraph3,whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"staggering"?A．混合的。B．令人惊叹的。C．相似的。D．令人不安的。7.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheauthor'sexperiences?A．教学即学习。B．静水深流。C．知识就是力量。D．熟能生巧。CAlthoughtheremayhavebeenenhancementstostreetsafetyinrecentyears,researchontransportationindicatesadecreaseinpedestrianmobility,particularlyforyoungchildren.Alargenumberofparentsbelievethatthevolumeoftrafficontheroadsistoohighfortheirchildrentowalktoschoolsafely,andconsequently,theychoosetodrivetheminstead.荷兰作家ThaliaVerkade与MarcteBrmmelstroet对此类事实深感不安。在他们的新作《Movement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives》中，作者们主张重新审视街道的定义及其在人们生活中所扮演的角色。Severaldecadesago,thenatureoflivingonurbanstreetsbegantoshift.Toaccommodatetheconstructionofnewroadsystems,entireresidentialareasweredemolished,forcingchildrentofindotherplacestoplay.However,somelocalcommunitiesresistedthesechanges.AnotableexampleisaCanadianjournalistwhorelocatedherfamilytoManhattanduringtheearly1950sandspearheadedamovementtopreventthedemolitionofherneighborhoodpark.Expressingherconcernovertheplantoreplacetheparkwithahighway,JaneJacobsurgedthemayortoensureNewYorkremainedarespectableplaceforpeopletoresidein,ratherthanmerelyaroutetodrivethrough.ComparablemovementsalsotookplaceinAustraliathroughoutthelate1960sand1970s.Despitethebroadreachoftheseinitiatives,thefactremainsthatmostWesternurbancenterswereentirelyrestructuredtoaccommodatetherequirementsofautomobiles.Thevolumeofvehiclesonthestreetshasgrownswiftly.InAustralia,therearecurrentlymorethantwentymillioncarsforapopulationofslightlyovertwenty-sixmillion,representingoneofthehighestlevelsofcarownershipglobally.Wespendasignificantamountofmoneyonroadsdesignedforspeed,yetweoftenoverlooktheactualexpensesinvolved.Dowetrulyunderstandthesocietalpricewepaywhenchildrenareunabletonavigatetheirownneighborhoodssafely?AstheauthorsofMovementcorrectlyargue,itistimeforustochangeourperspectiveregardingthestreetrightoutsideourhomes.8.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatphenomenonishighlightedbytheauthor?A.汽车在道路上发生了拥堵。

B.交通事故频繁地发生。C．人们步行减少，开车增加。

D．行人未能遵守交通规则。9.WhatwastheobjectiveoftheCanadianjournalistandtheotheractivists?A．确保城市宜居。B．推动文化多样性。C．Provideassistancetofamiliesinneed.

D．Improvetheaccessibilityofexpressways.10.Basedonthetext,whatcanbeconcludedregardingthemovementsthattookplaceinAustraliaduringthelate1960sandthe1970s?A.汽车的销量因此得到了提升。

B.它们在很大程度上没有起到预期效果。C.Theylackedthesupportofthegovernment.

D.Theysupportedtheconstructionofnewparks.11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeanappropriatetitleforthepassage?A．WhytheRush?

B．What'sNext?C．Wheretostay?

D．Whotoblame?D微塑料已成为全球范围内普遍存在的污染源。它们不仅沉积在深海之中，也出现在喜马拉雅山上；不仅被困在火山岩内部，还充斥在海鸟的胃中，甚至在南极的新鲜积雪中被发现。此外，这些微塑料甚至已经进入了人体内部。Recentstudiesindicatethatastraightforwardandinexpensivemethodcansubstantiallylowertheconcentrationofmicroplasticsfoundintapwater:boilingthewaterandthenfilteringit.AccordingtoastudyreleasedonWednesdayinEnvironmentalScience&TechnologyLetters,ateamofChineseresearchersdiscoveredthatboilingtapwaterforfiveminutesandfilteringitonceithascooledcaneliminateaminimumof80%ofthemicroplasticspresent.关键在于，该过程取决于水中是否含有足够的碳酸钙（calciumcarbonate）以捕捉塑料微粒。研究表明，当硬水中的碳酸钙含量为300毫克时，通过煮沸可使塑料含量降低近90%。然而，在碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样本中，煮沸仅能减少25%的塑料。此外，该项研究并未涵盖所有种类的塑料，团队仅针对聚苯乙烯（polystyrene）、聚乙烯（polyethylene）和聚丙烯（polypropylene）这三种常见类型进行了分析，而未研究此前在水中发现的其他化学物质，例如氯乙烯（vinylchloride）。Nevertheless,theseresultssuggestapossiblestrategyfordecreasingtheintakeofmicroplastics,achallengethatisgrowingmorecomplex.Previousresearchconductedbyscientistsearlierthisyearrevealedthatbottledwateractuallycontains10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthanwaspreviouslyestimated.Researchersarecontinuingtoinvestigatetheextentofthedamagecausedbymicroplastics,yetthecurrentfindingshavealreadysparkedapprehension.Accordingtotherecentstudy,boilingtapwatermayserveasaneffectivemethodtoreducetheconsumptionoftheseparticles.CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay,anenvironmentalengineerfromScotland'sUniversityofGlasgowwhodidnotparticipateinthestudy,informedNewScientistthatthedemonstrationofhowmicroplasticsarecapturedduringtheboilingprocesswasimpressive.Shefurthersuggestedthateffortsshouldbedirectedtowardimprovingdrinkingwatertreatmentfacilitiestoensuretheremovalofmicroplastics.12.Intheopeningparagraph,inwhatwaydoesthewriterintroducethetopic?A.通过引用专家的观点。

B.通过对某个概念进行定义。C．通过举例说明。D．通过提供统计数据。13.Whichfactorsinfluencetheefficiencyofcapturingmicroplasticsfromwater?A.水的硬度。

B.冷却时间的长短。C.过滤的频率。

D.水中塑料的种类。14.Inparagraph4,whatistheauthor'spurposeinbringinguptheexampleofbottledwater?A.Thesignificanceofrecyclingplastics.

B.Theseriousnessofthemicroplasticsissue.C.Therisksassociatedwiththeexcessiveuseofpurewater.

D.Thechallengesinvolvedinthepurificationofcontaminatedwater.15.WhatisthesuggestionproposedbyGauchotte-Lindsayconcerning?A.选用新的研究手段。

B.未来研究的潜在方向。C．需要增加参与研究的人员数量。

D．研究结果的潜在应用价值。第二部分（共5道题；每题2.5分，总分12.5分）请阅读下列短文，并从后方的选项中挑选出最适合填入空格处的项。请注意，选项中包含两个干扰项。一名默默无闻的英雄Lookingforashortrestbetweenyourlecturesorarefreshingmorningboost?TheCollegeCafeoffersexactlywhatyouneed,andevenmore.16CatherineMurphyisacafeemployeedressedinagreenshirtandablackhat,whoensuresthateverycustomerreceivestheirorderaccurately.Shemovescontinuouslybetweenthemachinestopreparethebeverages.17Whenacustomertakestheirdrinkfromher,sheoffersasmileandasks,"Hello,howisyourday?"Despitethegrowingqueue,shemaintainshercommitmenttohavingsincereconversationswiththepatrons.Murphywakesupat4:45everymorningandspendsthirtyminutescommutingtoensureshearrivesatworkontime."IdothisbecauseIenjoypreparingcoffeeforthestudents;Irealizetheyneedittostarttheirday,"Murphyexplained.Herrolesasawifeandmotherhavecontributedsignificantlytoherpersonalgrowth.Sheholdsthebeliefthatherpurposeistoserveothers.OnethingMurphymightbeunawareofisthathersmileiscontagious;itcansignificantlytransformastudent'sdayforthebetteraftertheyencounterher.JoannaWright,aseniormajoringinpoliticalscience,isacoffeeenthusiastwhovisitsthecafeatleastsixdaysaweek."Catherinealwayswearsabroadsmile,whichconsistentlyputsmeinajoyfulmood,"Wrightremarked."Ilovemyjobatthecafe,"Murphymentioned.Sheisfullydeterminedtoremainthereandkeepdoingtheworksheenjoys.A.Thiscafeshutsitsdoorsat9pmdaily.B.Shehastwochildren,whoareeightandfouryearsold.C.Sheoccasionallyarrivesaheadoftimetoprovideearlyassistancetothestudents.D.Oncetheorderiscomplete,sheannouncesthenamewrittenonthecup.E.Thiscafeprovidesnotonlybeveragesbutalsowarmsmiles.F.Startingherdaywithavisittothecafeputsherinagoodmoodandpreparesherforherclasses.G.Shehasbeenworkingherefor17yearsandcannotconceiveofworkingatanyotherplace.第三板块：语言文字运用（共分两节，总分30分）第一部分（共15道题；每题1分，总分15分）请阅读下列短文，并从每道题提供的A、B、C、D四个选项中挑选出最合适的一项。ItwasanafternooninAugust,andIwasinthekitchen,gazingataglassvasethathadremainedtuckedawaysincemyweddingday.MyhusbandandIhadrecentlysoldourresidence,andwewereoccupiedwithclearingoutthecherishedhomewhereourfamilyhadlivedfor23years.Wehadalreadyselectedtheessentialbelongingstotakewithustoournewtownhome,givenawaywhatwecould,andstoredtheitemsweconsideredimportantinarentalspace.Thisleftthehousestillcontainingthingsthat,althoughnotespeciallyvaluable,werenotsuitableforalandfill(垃圾填埋场).Iuploadedaphotoofthevasetotheinternet,listingitfor$10.Ireceivedafewresponses:onepersonrequestedmorephotos,whileanotherhopedforadiscount.Asthedaycametoanend,Idecidedtochangethepriceto$0andupdatedthepost.Iwrote:"Idetestthisvase.Perhapsyou'llwantit."Almostimmediately,awomanrushedintomyhomeanddepartedjoyfully,takingthevasewithher.Isharedmorefrequently.MydailyupdatesandtheresponsesIgotturnedintoacherishedbeamoflightamidsttheturmoilofmyhome.EveryinteractionofferedanopportunitytofillthevoidandbringjoytosomeoneImightnothaveencounteredotherwise.Iaminmyapartmenttoday,cherishingeverypersonwhosharesthissmallspacewithme.Ifindcomfortinthethoughtthat,somewherecloseby,thereissomeonewhopossessessomethingthatwewereunabletobringalong.21．A．paintingover

B．lookingaround

C．emptyingout

D．pullingdown22．A．酒店B．办公室C．小屋D．公寓23．A．储存B．展示C．销售D．修理24．A．覆盖B．装饰C．填充D．配备25．A．传统的B．有价值的C．复杂的D．可忍受的26．A．费用B．照片C．收据D．模型27．A．moveB．payC．marketD．work28．A.警告B.请求C.描述D.回复29．A．困惑的B．感兴趣的C．失望的D．受到鼓舞的30．A．访问B．报告C．建议D．资金31．A．去除B．节省C．发现D．检查32．A．调查B．认可C．遭遇D．建议33．A．赠品B．帖子C．贡献D．财物34．A．joyB．partC．careD．time35．A．期待B．欣赏C．递交D．撤回第二部分（本节共10道题；每题1.5分，总分15分）请阅读下列短文，在空格处填写一个合适的单词，或将括号中的单词转换为正确形式。上海久事美术馆目前正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术作品均以围棋（英文为Go）为灵感。这项源自中国的传统棋类活动已有超过4000年的历史。Goisoneofthefirstgamesbasedonabinarysystem.AccordingtoTuNingning,theexhibitioncurator,thewaytheblackandwhitestonesmoveembodiesthefundamentalconceptsofEasternphilosophy.TustatesthattheexhibitionintegratesGoculture,moderntechnology,andcontemporaryart.Ourgoalisto38(present)therelativelyabstractnatureoftheGogameandAIthroughavisualmedium,therebysparkingconversationswithconceptualart,expressionism,andminimalistart.WangWei,aGoplayervisitingtheexhibition,explainsthateverymoveinaGogamemustbealignedwithalong-termobjective.Henotesthatyouattempttolureyouropponentintoatrapandcompelthemtofollowyour39(guide)untiltheyaredefeated.Shefurthernotesthatthepersonalitiesoftheplayers40(reveal)inthecourseofthematch,andaperson'sshortcomingsarelaidbaretotheadversary.Agraciouswinnerconsistently41(try)todefeattheopponentby42nomorethanacoupleofpoints,asasignofrespecttowardtheotherplayer.Tusaysthattheequilibriumbetweenthewhiteandblackpieces,theaestheticappealinthe43(strategy)positioningofthepieces,and44theflowofenergyaftereverymovemotivatedartiststoproduceoilpaintings,sculptures,45(digital)createdimages,andsilk-screenprintsfortheexhibition.SectionIVWriting(Consistingoftwoparts,totalscore:40points)第一部分（总分15分）46.假设你叫李华，你们班的英语报计划增加一个新板块。外教Jenny提供了两个方案供同学们投票：一个是“Funatmyschool”，另一个是“GuesswhoIam”。请给Jenny写一封邮件，具体要求如下：(1)由你来决定；(2)请给出相应的理由。注意：(1)文章篇幅请控制在80词左右；(2)请参照以下格式，在答题卡指定的区域内完成作答。亲爱的珍妮：IamquitefondofthesuggestiontoincludeanewcolumninourEnglishnewspaper.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,李华第二部分（总分25分）47．请阅读下文，并结合所提供的段落起始句完成两段内容的续写，确保最终形成一篇逻辑连贯、结构完整的文章。MyspouseandIplannedtowelcomeourrelativesandfriendstoournewresidencebyorganizingamodestget-togetherinearlysummer.Whileshetookcareofpreparingavarietyofsnacks,Iwasresponsiblefortidyingupthebackyard.Thechildrenhadampleroomtorunandplay.However,therewasonedetailIhadoverlooked:mybrotherdecidedtobringalonghisdog,Toby,a50-poundbundleofenergy.Despitehisfriendlynature,hecouldeffortlesslyknockovermysmallgrandsonsandmysix-month-oldgranddaughter.Consequently,whenmybrotherarrived,IrequestedthathesuperviseTobyandkeephimoutdoors.Everythingwasproceedingaccordingtomyplan.Tobyspenthisenergysprintingacrossthebackyard,whichensuredthechildrenhadamplespace.However,followingdinner,theweathertookanunexpectedturn.Rainbegantofall,forcingeveryonetomoveinside.Itwasaclumsysituation.IwasreluctanttoletTobyrunfreelythroughoutthehouse,whilemybrotherwasdispleasedaboutdrivinghomewithadampdog.Intheend,mybrotherchosetodepartinsteadofinsistingonthematter.Severaldayswentbywithoutanywordfrommybrother.Isenthimamessage,hopinghewouldbewillingtocomeoutoncemore.Tomyutterastonishment,hisresponsewasablunt:Notachance.Itwasevidentthathewasdispleasedwiththemannerofourparting.Afterall,Ihadhardlylefthimanyotheroption.Itoldmyselfthathewouldeventuallygetoverit.Twomonthshadgoneby.Mywifeadvisedmetoreachouttomybrother,butIrefused,believingthatheoughttobetheonetocallfirst.Nevertheless,myconsciencecontinuedtotroubleme.Iattemptedtoimaginemyselfinmybrother'sposition.Hewasstrugglingwithhealthproblems,andhiswifeofthirty-fiveyearshaddiedafewmonthsprior.Tobyhadbeenhissteadycompanion,theonlyonewhokepthimmovingforward.注意:(1)续写部分的篇幅请控制在150词左右；(2)请参照以下格式，在答题卡指定的区域内填写答案。IcametounderstandthatIwastheoneresponsibleforthemistake.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Carryingthebiscuitspreparedbymywife,Ireachedmybrother'sdoor.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页答案第=page11页，共=sectionpages22页1.C

2.C

3.B【简介】本篇为应用文，旨在阐述2018年度各类交通运输方式在温室气体排放中的具体占比，并探讨了包括汽车、飞机在内的多种交通工具未来在绿色燃料方面的发展方向。1．细节分析题。通过分析图表中ROADVEHICLES板块的数据，其中ROAD(PASSENGER)为45.1%（道路客运），ROAD(GOODS)为29.4%（道路货运）。由此可以计算出道路车辆的总占比为45.1%+29.4%=74.5%。这意味着在2018年的全球交通排放总量中，道路车辆所占份额为74.5%。因此，正确选项为C。2．细节分析题。参考图表中TRAINSElectricity部分的描述：“Sometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrailsorwires;otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways.”（部分列车已利用电线或轨道完成电气化改造，其余列车也能以较为简便的方法转为电力驱动）。由此可以推断，在各类交通工具中，火车实现绿色环保转型的难度较低。因此，正确答案为C。3．细节分析题。由文章末尾Wipke的话“Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergyanditwillallgetused.”（Wipke表示：我们需要加快绿色能源的研发，并将其全面投入使用）可以推断出，Wipke主张应增加对可再生能源（即绿色能源）的开发力度。因此，正确答案为B项。4．D

5．D

6．B

7．A【简介】这是一篇记叙类文章。作者以写作课教师的身份，记录了自己在教学过程中对学生写作动力之源的探索，以及对写作真实意义的深刻体悟，讲述了一段关于成长的故事。4．细节分析题。通过阅读文章首段内容：“Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightAs,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,whocreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.”（去年我在教授九年级写作课时，遇到了一个拯救家乡的牛仔、一个要求儿子成绩全优的严父，以及一个在父母反对这段纯真爱情后心碎而亡的现代版朱丽叶。我多次感到好奇，那些创造出这些人物的学生，为何能如此深刻地把握这些角色的特质。）可以推断出，文中提及的牛仔、严厉父亲及现代版朱丽叶均是学生在写作练习中构思的虚构角色。因此，正确答案为D。5．推理判断题。参考文章第二段内容：“Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn'tstrikethemasimportant.”（大多数作文长度不到一页，且极少有句子能被解读为论点。这令我十分震惊。随后我才发觉，症结在于题目设定。学生们或许能针对电脑的重要性写很多页，但对于“写作”这一主题本身，他们并不认为其具有重要意义。）由此可以推断，学生在完成首篇作文时效果不理想，主因在于他们对写作这一议题缺乏兴趣。因此，正确选项为D。6．词义推断题。通过分析文章第三段划线词后的内容：“Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.”（学生们选择了各异的主题，提交的故事篇幅在10至20页之间，其塑造的人物不仅开阔了我的眼界，更深深打动了我），可以推断出，此处强调的是学生们创作的故事内容充实且具有感染力，这与他们之前的状态形成了鲜明的反差。划线词staggering的意思是“令人惊叹的”或“惊人的”，这与B选项中的Amazing（令人惊叹的）在语义上相契合。因此，正确答案为B。7．推理判断题。阅读全文，重点分析末段内容：“Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting'smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother'sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.”（我进入课堂时认为写作的主要作用在于沟通。但学生们让我意识到了更深层的意义。六月离校时，年鉴中的留言揭示了写作最震撼的力量：它能将人们联系在一起，引导我们设身处地地思考，并让我们领悟人性的真谛。）结合全篇来看，作者在指导学生写作的过程中，自身也得到了启发，意识到了写作的真正价值，这正是“教学相长”的具体体现。因此，选项ATeachingislearning（教学相长）与作者通过教学获得感悟的经历相契合。正确答案为A。8．C

9．A

10．B

11．A【导语】本篇为议论文。文中重点探讨了西方城市在规划中过度依赖汽车导向，从而导致行人出行便捷度降低，特别是儿童步行机会大幅减少的问题。通过对历史实例的剖析与现状的审视，文章旨在引导读者反思街道的本质功能，并强调提升城市宜居性的重要意义。8．细节分析题。通过阅读文章首段内容：“Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaytherestoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.”（尽管近些年街道的安全状况有所提升，但交通研究显示，行人的出行能力在下降，尤其是年幼的孩子。不少家长认为道路交通过于繁忙，孩子无法安全地步行前往学校，因此选择开车送孩子。）可以推断，作者所描述的现状是人们步行出行减少，而依赖车辆出行增加。因此，正确选项为C。9．推理判断题。由文章第三段内容可知：Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市长)tochampionNewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.（最著名的是，一名加拿大记者在20世纪50年代初将家人迁至曼哈顿，并主导了一场旨在保护当地公园免遭破坏的活动。JaneJacobs在表达对将公园改为高速公路这一计划的担忧时，敦促市长将纽约打造为一个宜居之都，而非仅仅是一个快速通过的交通枢纽）。由此可以推断，该记者及其他参与活动的人士目标在于维护城市的宜居环境。因此，正确答案为A。10．推理判断题。依据文中倒数第二段的内容：“Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.”（尽管这些活动开展得十分广泛，但事实是，绝大多数西方城市已完全根据汽车的需求进行了重新规划。道路上的车辆总数仍在快速增长。）由此可以推断，在20世纪60年代末至70年代，澳大利亚开展的相关竞选活动并未能遏制汽车的普及与发展，其实际效果微乎其微。因此，正确选项为B。11．主旨大意题。通过阅读全文，结合末段内容“Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan'tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?（我们在旨在提升通行速度的道路建设上投入巨资，却忽略了真实的代价。当孩子们无法在社区内安全活动时，我们是否意识到社会为此付出的沉重代价？）”可以分析出，作者旨在抨击城市规划中过度强调交通效率而轻视行人需求的现状。A项“WhytheRush?（为何如此匆忙？）”直接对“rushthrough（快速通过）”的规划逻辑提出质疑，与文章中心思想高度一致，是最恰当的标题。因此，正确答案为A。12．C

13．A

14．B

15．D【导语】这是一篇说明文，旨在介绍一项旨在降低自来水微塑料污染程度的最新研究成果。目前，微塑料污染已在全球范围内扩散，甚至侵入了人体内部。中国科研团队的研究表明，通过将自来水煮沸五分钟，待其冷却后再进行过滤，能够大幅度减少水中的微塑料含量。尽管该研究尚未覆盖全部的塑料种类及化学成分，但它提供了一种可行的应对方案。苏格兰的一位环境工程师认为，这项研究证明了煮沸法的实用价值，并建议通过升级饮用水处理设施来大规模推广该方法。12．推理判断题。由文章首段内容可知：“MicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarththeyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyareevenappearinginsidehumans.”（微塑料已成为全球范围内的普遍污染源，其分布涵盖了深海、喜马拉雅山、火山岩内部、海鸟胃部，甚至出现在南极的新雪中以及人体内部）。由此可以推断，作者旨在通过列举具体实例来揭示微塑料污染的严重问题。因此，正确选项为C。13．细节理解题。根据文章第二段所述，该过程的关键在于水中必须含有足量的碳酸钙才能有效拦截塑料。研究数据显示，当硬水中的碳酸钙含量为300毫克时，通过煮沸可使塑料含量降低近90%；而对于碳酸钙含量不足60毫克的样本，煮沸后塑料含量的降幅仅为25%。由此可见，水的硬度程度决定了截留水中微塑料的效果。因此，正确选项为A。14．推理判断题。参考文章第四段内容：“Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposureatataskthat'sbecomingincreasinglydifficult.Evenbottledwater,scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought.”（尽管如此，研究结果为降低微塑料接触提供了潜在的解决方向，而这项任务正变得愈发艰巨。科学家在今年早些时候地发现，即便是在瓶装水中，微塑料的含量也比最初预估的高出10至1000倍。）由此可以推断，作者举出瓶装水的例子是为了强调微塑料污染情况的严重程度。因此，正确选项为B。15．推理判断题。由文章末段内容可知，未参与该项研究的苏格兰格拉斯哥大学环境工程师CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay在接受《新科学家》杂志采访时表示，研究中关于煮沸过程中微塑料被截留的演示方式非常出色，并指出应当探讨通过升级饮用水处理设施来消除微塑料。由此可以推断，CarolineGauchotte-Lindsay提出的关于升级饮用水处理厂的建议，实际上是对该研究成果在现实中潜在应用方向的探讨。因此，正确选项为D。16.E

17.D

18.C

19.F

20.G【导语】这是一篇记叙类文章。文中详细描述了大学咖啡馆的员工凯瑟琳·墨菲如何凭借热忱的态度与真诚的微笑，为校园里的学生们传递温暖，旨在刻画这位平凡岗位上不凡人物的感人特质。16．由前文“Needabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick-me-upinthemorning?TheCollegeCafehasjustthat,andmore.”（课间想休息一下，或者早晨需要快速提神？大学咖啡馆能满足这些需求，且不仅于此。）可知，文章开头介绍了咖啡馆的基本作用，随后的空格应进一步拓展其内涵。E选项“Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.”（这家咖啡馆不仅供应饮品，还传递微笑。）采用了“Notonly...also...”结构，在衔接前文“drinks”的同时，自然地引出下文关于墨菲微笑服务的核心内容，与语境契合。因此，正确答案为E。17．结合前文提到的“Shegoesbackandforthbetweenmachinestomakethedrinks.”（她在机器间往返制作饮品）以及后文描述的“Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromherhand,shesmilesandsays,Hello,howisyourday?Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger,shedoesn'tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.”（当顾客接过饮品时，她微笑着询问对方今天过得如何，即便排队人数增加，她依然坚持真诚地与人交流），可以分析出空格处应填入制作饮品之后、交付饮品之前的步骤。D选项“After