CISG中英文对照版

CISGUnitedNationsConventiononContractsfortheInternationalSaleofGoodsTheStatesPartiestothisBearinginmindthebroadobjectivesintheresolutionsadoptedbythesixthspecialsessionoftheGeneralAssemblyoftheUnitedNationsontheestablishmentofaNewInternationalEconomicOrder,ConsideringthatthedevelopmentofinternationaltradeonthebasisofequalityandmutualbenefitisanimportantelementinpromotingfriendlyrelationsamongStates,Beingoftheopinionthattheadoptionofuniformruleswhichgoverncontractsfortheinternationalsaleofgoodsandtakeintoaccountthedifferentsocial,economicandlegalsystemswouldcontributetotheremovaloflegalbarriersininternationaltradeandpromotethedevelopmentofinternationaltrade,Haveagreedasfollows:(SphereofArticleThisConventionappliestocontractsofsaleofgoodsbetweenpartieswhoseplacesofbusinessareindifferentStates:whentheStatesareContractingStates;orawhentherulesofprivateinternationallawleadtotheapplicationofthelawofaContractingState./(b)如果ThefactthatthepartieshavetheirplacesofbusinessindifferentStatesistobedisregardedwheneverthisfactdoesnotappeareitherfromthecontractorfromanydealingsbetween,orfrominformationdisclosedby,thepartiesatanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract.NeitherthenationalityofthepartiesnorthecivilorcommercialcharacterofthepartiesorofthecontractistobetakenintoconsiderationindeterminingtheapplicationofthisConvention.Article2ThisConventiondoesnotapplytosales:/(a)ofgoodsboughtforpersonal,familyorhouseholduse,unlesstheseller,atanytimebeforeoratconclusionofthecontract,neitherknewnoroughttohaveknownthatthegoodswereboughtforanysuchbyauction;/(b)onexecutionorotherwisebyauthorityoflaw;/(c)ofstocks,shares,investmentsecurities,negotiableinstrumentsorofshipsvessels,hovercraftoraircraft;/(e)ofelectricity./(f)电力的销售。Article3(1)Contractsforthesupplyofgoodstobemanufacturedorproducedaretobeconsideredsalesunlessthepartywhoordersthegoodsundertakestosupplyasubstantialpartofthematerialsnecessaryforsuchmanufactureorproduction.ThisConventiondoesnotapplytocontractsinwhichthepreponderantpartoftheobligationsofthepartywhofurnishesthegoodsconsistsinthesupplyoflabourorotherservices.Article4ThisConventiongovernsonlytheformationofthecontractofsaleandtherightsandobligationsofthesellerandthebuyerarisingfromsuchacontract.Inparticular,exceptasotherwiseexpresslyprovidedinthisConvention,itisnotconcernedwith:thevalidityofthecontractorofanyofitsprovisionsorofanyusage;theeffectwhichthecontractmayhaveonthepropertyinthegoodssold.ArticleThisConventiondoesnotapplytotheliabilityofthesellerfordeathorpersonalinjurycausedbythegoodstoanyperson.ArticleThepartiesmayexcludetheapplicationofthisConventionor,subjecttoarticle12,derogatefromorvarytheeffectofanyofitsprovisions.ArticleIntheinterpretationofthisConvention,regardistobehadtoitsinternationalcharacterandtotheneedtopromoteuniformityinitsapplicationandtheobservanceofgoodfaithininternationaltrade.QuestionsconcerningmattersgovernedbythisConventionwhicharenotexpresslysettledinitaretobesettledinconformitywiththegeneralprinciplesonwhichitisbasedor,intheabsenceofsuchprinciples,inconformitywiththelawapplicablebyvirtueoftherulesofprivateinternationallaw.ArticleForthepurposesofthisConventionstatementsmadebyandotherconductofapartyaretobeinterpretedaccordingtohisintentwheretheotherpartykneworcouldnothavebeenunawarewhatthatintentwas.Iftheprecedingparagraphisnotapplicable,statementsmadebyandotherconductofapartyaretobeinterpretedaccordingtotheunderstandingthatareasonablepersonofthesamekindastheotherpartywouldhavehadinthesamecircumstances.Indeterminingtheintentofapartyortheunderstandingareasonablepersonwouldhavehad,dueconsiderationistobegiventoallrelevantcircumstancesofthecaseincludingthenegotiations,anypracticeswhichthepartieshaveestablishedbetweenthemselves,usagesandanysubsequent（后来的，并发的）conductoftheparties.ArticleThepartiesarebound（限制）byanyusagetowhichtheyhaveagreedandbyanypracticeswhichtheyhaveestablishedbetweenthemselves.Thepartiesareconsidered,unlessotherwiseagreed,tohaveimpliedlymadeapplicabletotheircontractoritsformationausageofwhichthepartieskneworoughttohaveknownandwhichininternationaltradeiswidelyknownto,andregularlyobservedby,partiestocontractsofthetypeinvolvedintheparticulartradeArticleForthepurposesofthisConvention:（为本公约的目的ifapartyhasmorethanoneplaceofbusiness,theplaceofbusinessisthatwhichhastheclosestrelationshiptothecontractanditsperformance,havingregardtothecircumstancesknowntoorcontemplatedbythepartiesatanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract;ifapartydoesnothaveaplaceofbusiness,（营业地）referenceistobemadetohishabitualresidence.(习惯住所地)ArticleAcontractofsaleneednotbeconcludedinorevidencedbywritingandisnotsubjecttoanyotherrequirementastoform.Itmaybeprovedbyanymeans,includingwitnesses.ArticleAnyprovisionofarticle11,article29orPartIIofthisConventionthatallowsacontractofsaleorits（变更）ortermination（终止）byagreementoranyofferacceptanceorotherindicationofintentiontobemadeinanyformotherthaninwritingdoesnotapplywhereanypartyhashisplaceofbusinessinaContractingStatewhichhasmadeadeclarationunderarticle96ofthisConvention.Thepartiesmaynotderogate（毁损）fromorvarytheeffectorthisarticle.Article ForthepurposesofthisConventionwritingincludestelegramandtelex（电报）(FormationoftheArticleAproposalforconcludingacontractaddressedtooneormorespecificpersonsconstitutesanofferifitissufficientlydefiniteandindicatestheintentionoftheofferortobeboundincaseofacceptance.Aproposalissufficientlydefiniteifitindicatesthegoodsandexpresslyorimplicitlyfixesormakesprovisionfordeterminingthequantityandtheprice.Aproposalotherthanoneaddressedtooneormorespecificpersonsistobeconsideredmerelyasaninvitationtomakeoffers,unlessthecontraryisclearlyindicatedbythepersonmakingtheproposal.Article15Anofferbecomeseffectivewhenitreachestheoffer.Anoffer,evenifitisirrevocable,maybewithdrawnifthewithdrawalreachestheofferedbeforeoratthesametimeastheoffer.Article16Untilacontractisconcludedanoffermayberevokediftherevocationreachestheoffereebeforehehasdispatchedanacceptance.However,anoffercannotbe(aifitindicates,whetherbystatingafixedtimeforacceptanceorotherwise,thatitisirrevocableor(b)ifitwasreasonablefortheoffereetorelyontheofferasbeingirrevocableandtheoffereehasactedinrelianceontheoffer.Article17Anoffer,evenifitisirrevocable,isterminatedwhenarejectionreachestheArticle(1)Astatementmadebyorotherconductoftheoffereeindicatingassenttoanofferisanacceptance.Silenceorinactivitydoesnotinitselfamounttoacceptance.(2)Anacceptanceofanofferbecomeseffectiveatthemomenttheindicationofassentreachestheofferor.Anacceptanceisnoteffectiveiftheindicationofassentdoesnotreachtheofferorwithinthetimehehasfixedor,ifnotimeisfixed,withinareasonabletime,dueaccountbeingtakenofthecircumstancesofthetransaction,includingtherapidityofthemeansofcommunicationemployedbytheofferor.Anoraloffermustbeacceptedimmediatelyunlessthecircumstancesindicateotherwise.However,if,byvirtueoftheofferorasaresultofpracticeswhichthepartieshaveestablishedbetweenthemselvesorofusage,theoffereemayindicateassentbyperforminganact,suchasonerelatingtothedispatchofthegoodsorpaymentoftheprice,withoutnoticetotheofferor,theacceptanceiseffectiveatthemomenttheactisperformed,providedthattheactisperformedwithintheperiodoftimelaiddownintheprecedingparagraph.ArticleAreplytoanofferwhichpurportstobeanacceptancebutcontainsadditions,limitationsorothermodificationsisarejectionoftheofferandconstitutesacounteroffer.However,areplytoanofferwhichpurportstobeanacceptancebutcontainsadditionalordifferenttermswhichdonotmateriallyalterthetermsoftheofferconstitutesanacceptance,unlesstheofferor,withoutunduedelay,objectsorallytothediscrepancyordispatchesanoticetothateffect.Ifhedoesnotsoobject,thetermsofthecontractarethetermsoftheofferwiththemodificationscontainedintheacceptance.Additionalordifferenttermsrelating,amongotherthings,totheprice,payment,qualityandquantityofthegoods,placeandtimeofdelivery,extentofoneparty'sliabilitytotheotherorthesettlementofdisputesareconsideredtoalterthetermsoftheoffermaterially.Article(1)Aperiodoftimeofacceptancefixedbytheofferorinatelegramoraletterbeginstorunfromthemomentthetelegramishandedinfordispatchorfromthedateshownontheletteror,ifnosuchdateisshown,fromthedateshownontheenvelope.Aperiodoftimeforacceptancefixedbytheofferorbytelephone,telexorothermeansofinstantaneouscommunicationbeginstorunfromthemomentthattheofferreachestheofferee.(2)Officialholidaysornon-businessdaysoccurringduringtheperiodforacceptanceareincludedincalculatingtheperiod.However,ifanoticeofacceptancecannotbedeliveredattheaddressoftheofferoronthelastdayoftheperiodbecausethatdayfallsonanofficialholidayoranon-businessdayattheplaceofbusinessoftheofferor,theperiodisextendeduntilthefirstbusinessdaywhichfollows.ArticleAlateacceptanceisneverthelesseffectiveasanacceptanceifwithoutdelaytheofferororallysoinformstheoffereeordispatchesanoticetothateffect.Ifaletterorotherwritingcontainingalateacceptanceshowsthatithasbeensentinsuchcircumstancesthatifitstransmissionhadbeennormalitwouldhavereachedtheofferorinduetime,thelateacceptanceiseffectiveasanacceptanceunless,withoutdelay,theofferororallyinformstheoffereethatheconsidershisofferashavinglapsedordispatchesanoticetothateffect.ArticleAnacceptancemaybewithdrawnifthewithdrawalreachestheofferorbeforeoratthesametimeastheacceptancewouldhavebecomeeffective.ArticleAcontractisconcludedatthemomentwhenanacceptanceofanofferbecomeseffectiveinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisConvention.ArticleForthepurposesofthisPartoftheConvention,anoffer,declarationofacceptanceoranyotherindicationofintention"reaches"theaddresseewhenitismadeorallytohimordeliveredbyanyothermeanstohimpersonally,tohisplaceofbusinessormailing.Article25Abreachofcontractcommittedbyoneofthepartiesisfundamentalifitresultsinsuchdetrimenttotheotherpartyassubstantiallytodeprivehimofwhatheisentitledtoexpectunderthecontract,unlessthepartyinbreachdidnotforeseeandareasonablepersonofthesamekindinthesamecircumstanceswouldnothaveforeseensucharesult.ArticleAdeclarationofavoidanceofthecontractiseffectiveonlyifmadebynoticetotheotherArticleUnlessotherwiseexpresslyprovidedinthisPartoftheConvention,ifanynotice,requestorothercommunicationisgivenormadebyapartyinaccordancewiththisPartandbymeansappropriateinthecircumstances,adelayorerrorinthetransmissionofthecommunicationoritsfailuretoarrivedoesnotdeprivethatpartyoftherighttorelyonthecommunication.ArticleIf,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisConvention,onepartyisentitledtorequireperformanceofanyobligationbytheotherparty,acourtisnotboundtoenterajudgementforspecificperformanceunlessthecourtwoulddosounderitsownlawinrespectofsimilarcontractsofsalenotgovernedbythisArticle(1)Acontractmaybemodifiedorterminatedbythemereagreementoftheparties.(2)Acontractinwritingwhichcontainsaprovisionrequiringanymodificationorterminationbyagreementtobeinwritingmaynotbeotherwisemodifiedorterminatedbyagreement.However,apartymaybeprecludedbyhisconductfromassertingsuchaprovisiontotheextentthattheotherpartyhasreliedonthatconduct.(ObligationsOfTheSeller)Article30Thesellermustdeliverthegoods,handoveranydocumentsrelatingtothemandtransferthepropertyinthegoods,asrequiredbythecontractandthisConvention.(Deliveryofthegoodsandhandingoverofdocuments)Article31Ifthesellerisnotboundtodeliverthegoodsatanyotherparticularplace,hisobligationtodeliver(a)ifthecontractofsaleinvolvescarriageofthegoods--inhandingthegoodsovertothefirstcarrierfortransmissiontothebuyer;(b)if,incasesnotwithintheprecedingsubparagraph,thecontractrelatestospecificgoods,orunidentifiedgoodstobedrawnfromaspecificstockortobemanufacturedorproduced,andatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthepartiesknewthatthegoodswereat,orweretobemanufacturedorproducedat,aparticularplace--inplacingthegoodsatthebuyer'sdisposalatthatplace;inothercases--inplacingthegoodsatthebuyer'sdisposalattheplacewherethesellerhadhisplaceofbusinessatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontract.Article32(1)Iftheseller,inaccordancewiththecontractorthisConvention,handsthegoodsovertoacarrierandifthegoodsarenotdearlyidentifiedtothecontractbymarkingsonthegoods,byshippingdocumentsorotherwise,thesellermustgivethebuyernoticeoftheconsignmentspecifyingthegoods.(2)Ifthesellerisboundtoarrangeforcarriageofthegoods,hemustmakesuchcontractsasarenecessaryforcarriagetotheplacefixedbymeansoftransportationappropriateinthecircumstancesandaccordingtotheusualtermsforsuchtransportation.Ifthesellerisnotboundtoeffectinsuranceinrespectofthecarriageofthegoods,hemust,atthebuyer'srequest,providehimwithallavailableinformationnecessarytoenablehimtoeffectsuchinsurance.ArticleThesellermustdelivertheifadateisfixedbyordeterminablefromthecontract,onthatdate;ifaperiodoftimeisfixedbyordeterminablefromthecontract,atanytimewithinthatperiodunlesscircumstancesindicatethatthebuyeristochooseadate;orinanyothercasewithinareasonabletimeaftertheconclusionofthecontract.ArticleIfthesellerisboundtohandoverdocumentsrelatingtothegoods,hemusthandthemoveratthetimeandplaceandintheformrequiredbythecontract.Ifthesellerhashandedoverdocumentsbeforethattime,hemay,uptothattime,cureanylackofconformityinthedocuments,iftheexerciseofthisrightdoesnotcausethebuyerunreasonableinconvenienceorunreasonableexpense.However,thebuyerretainsanyrighttoclaimdamagesasprovidedforinthisConvention.(ConformityofthegoodsandthirdpartyArticleThesellermustdelivergoodswhichareofthequantity,qualityanddescriptionrequiredbythecontractandwhicharecontainedorpackagedinthemannerrequiredbythecontract.Exceptwherethepartieshaveagreedotherwise,thegoodsdonotconformwiththecontractunlessthey:arefitforthepurposesforwhichgoodsofthesamedescriptionwouldordinarilybeused;arefitforanyparticularpurposeexpresslyorimpliedlymadeknowntotheselleratthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontract,exceptwherethecircumstancesshowthatthebuyerdidnotrely,orthatitwasunreasonableforhimtorely,ontheseller'sskillandjudgment;possessthequalitiesofgoodswhichthesellerhasheldouttothebuyerasasampleormodel;arecontainedorpackagedinthemannerusualforsuchgoodsor,wherethereisnosuchmanner,inamanneradequatetopreserveandprotectthegoods.Thesellerisnotliableundersubparagraphs(a)to(d)oftheprecedingparagraphforanylackofconformityofthegoodsifatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthebuyerkneworcouldnothavebeenunawareofsuchlackofconformity.ArticleThesellerisliableinaccordancewiththecontractandthisConventionforanylackofconformityexistsatthetimewhentheriskpassestothebuyer,eventhoughthelackofconformitybecomesapparentonlyafterthattime.Thesellerisalsoliableforanylackofconformitywhichoccursafterthetimeindicatedintheprecedingparagraphandwhichisduetoabreachofanyofhisobligations,includingabreachofanyguaranteethatforaperiodoftimethegoodswillremainfitfortheirordinarypurposeorforsomeparticularpurposeorwillretainspecifiedqualitiesorcharacteristics.ArticleIfthesellerhasdeliveredgoodsbeforethedatefordelivery,hemay,uptothatdate,deliveranymissingpartormakeupanydeficiencyinthequantityofthegoodsdelivered,ordelivergoodsinreplacementofanynon-conforminggoodsdeliveredorremedyanylackofconformityinthegoodsdelivered,providedthattheexerciseofthisrightdoesnotcausethebuyerunreasonableinconvenienceorunreasonableexpense.However,thebuyerretainsanyrighttoclaimdamagesasprovidedforinthisConvention.ArticleThebuyermustexaminethegoods,orcausethemtobeexamined,withinasshortaperiodasispracticableinthecircumstances.Ifthecontractinvolvescarriageofthegoods,examinationmaybedeferreduntilafterthegoodshavearrivedattheirdestination.Ifthegoodsareredirectedintransitorredispatchedbythebuyerwithoutareasonableopportunityexaminationbyhimandatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthesellerkneworoughttohaveknownofthepossibilityofsuchredirectionorredispatch,examinationmaybedeferreduntilafterthegoodshavearrivedatthenewdestination.ArticleThebuyerlosestherighttorelyonalackofconformityofthegoodsifhedoesnotgivenoticetothesellerspecifyingthenatureofthelackofconformitywithinareasonabletimeafterhehasdiscovereditoroughttohavediscoveredit.Inanyevent,thebuyerlosestherighttorelyonalackofconformityofthegoodsifhedoesnotgivethesellernoticethereofatthelatestwithinaperiodoftwoyearsfromthedateonwhichthegoodswereactuallyhandedovertothebuyer,unlessthistime-limitisinconsistentwithacontractualperiodofguarantee.ArticleThesellerisnotentitledtorelyontheprovisionsofarticles38and39ifthelackofconformityrelatestofactsofwhichhekneworcouldnothavebeenunawareandwhichhedidnotdisclosetothebuyer.ArticleThesellermustdelivergoodswhicharefreefromanyrightorclaimofathirdparty,unlessthebuyeragreedtotakethegoodssubjecttothatrightorclaim.However,ifsuchrightorclaimisbasedonindustrialpropertyorotherintellectualproperty,theseller'sobligationisgovernedbyarticle42.Article(1)Thesellermustdelivergoodswhicharefreefromanyrightorclaimofathirdpartybasedonindustrialpropertyorotherintellectualproperty,ofwhichatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthesellerkneworcouldnothavebeenunaware,providedthattherightorclaimisbasedonindustrialpropertyorotherintellectual(a)underthelawoftheStatewherethegoodswillberesoldorotherwiseused,ifitwascontemplatedbythepartiesatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthatthegoodswouldberesoldorotherwiseusedinthatState;or(b)inanyothercase,underthelawoftheStatewherethebuyerhashisplaceofbusiness.Theobligationofthesellerundertheprecedingparagraphdoesnotextendtocaseswhere:atthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractthebuyerkneworcouldnothavebeenunawareoftherightorclaim;or/(a)买方在订立合同时已知道或不可能不知道此项权利或要求；或者therightorclaimresultsfromtheseller'scompliancewithtechnicaldrawings,designs,formulaeorothersuchspecificationsfurnishedbythebuyer./(b)此项权利或要求的发生，是由于卖方要遵照买方所提供的技术图ArticleThebuyerlosestherighttorelyontheprovisionsofarticle41orarticle42ifhedoesnotgivenoticetothesellerspecifyingthenatureoftherightorclaimofthethirdpartywithinareasonabletimeafterhehasbecomeawareoroughttohavebecomeawareoftherightorclaim.Thesellerisnotentitledtorelyontheprovisionsoftheprecedingparagraphifheknewoftherightorclaimofthethirdpartyandthenatureofit.ArticleNotwithstandingtheprovisionsofparagraph(1)ofarticle39andparagraph(1)ofarticle43,thebuyermayreducethepriceinaccordancewitharticle50orclaimdamages,exceptforlossofprofit,ifhehasareasonableexcuseforhisfailuretogivetherequirednotice.(RemediesforbreachofcontractbytheArticleIfthesellerfailstoperformanyofhisobligationsunderthecontractorthisConvention,thebuyermay:(aexercisetherightsprovidedinarticles46to52;(b)claimdamagesasprovidedinarticles74toThebuyerisnotdeprivedofanyrighthemayhavetoclaimdamagesbyexercisinghisrighttootherNoperiodofgracemaybegrantedtothesellerbyacourtorarbitraltribunalwhenthebuyerresortstoaremedyforbreachofcontract.Article46Thebuyermayrequireperformancebythesellerofhisobligationsunlessthebuyerhasresortedtoaremedywhichisinconsistentwiththisrequirement.Ifthegoodsdonotconformwiththecontract,thebuyermayrequiredeliveryofsubstitutegoodsonlyifthelackofconformityconstitutesafundamentalbreachofcontractandarequestforsubstitutegoodsismadeeitherinconjunctionwithnoticegivenunderarticle39orwithinareasonabletimeIfthegoodsdonotconformwiththecontract,thebuyermayrequirethesellertoremedythelackofconformitybyrepair,unlessthisisunreasonablehavingregardtoallthecircumstances.Arequestforrepairmustbemadeeitherinconjunctionwithnoticegivenunderarticle39orwithinareasonabletimethereafter.ArticleThebuyermayfixanadditionalperiodoftimeofreasonablelengthforperformancebythesellerofhisUnlessthebuyerhasreceivednoticefromthesellerthathewillnotperformwithintheperiodsofixed,thebuyermaynot,duringthatperiod,resorttoanyremedyforbreachofcontract.However,thebuyerisnotdeprivedtherebyofanyrighthemayhavetoclaimdamagesfordelayinperformance.ArticleSubjecttoarticle49,thesellermay,evenafterthedatefordelivery,remedyathisownexpenseanyfailuretoperformhisobligations,ifhecandosowithoutunreasonabledelayandwithoutcausingthebuyerunreasonableinconvenienceoruncertaintyofreimbursementbythesellerofexpensesadvancedbythebuyer.However,thebuyerretainsanyrighttoclaimdamagesasprovidedforinthisConvention.Ifthesellerrequeststhebuyertomakeknownwhetherhewillacceptperformanceandthebuyerdoesnotcomplywiththerequestwithinareasonabletime,thesellermayperformwithinthetimeindicatedinhisrequest.Thebuyermaynot,duringthatperiodoftime,resorttoanyremedywhichisinconsistentwithperformancebytheseller.Anoticebythesellerthathewillperformwithinaspecifiedperiodoftimeisassumedtoincludearequest,undertheprecedingparagraph,thatthebuyermakeknownhisdecision.Arequestornoticebythesellerunderparagraph(2)or(3)ofthisarticleisnoteffectiveunlessreceivedbythebuyer.Article49Thebuyermaydeclarethecontract(a)ifthefailurebythesellertoperformanyofhisobligationsunderthecontractorthisConventionamountstoafundamentalbreachofcontract;or(b)incaseofnon-delivery,ifthesellerdoesnotdeliverthegoodswithintheadditionalperiodoftimefixedbythebuyerinaccordancewithparagraph(1)ofarticle47ordeclaresthathewillnotdeliverwithintheperiodsoHowever,incaseswherethesellerhasdeliveredthegoods,thebuyerlosestherighttodeclarethecontractavoidedunlesshedoesso:(a)inrespectoflatedelivery,withinareasonabletimeafterhehasbecomeawarethatdeliveryhasbeen(b)inrespectofanybreachotherthanlatedelivery,withinareasonable(i)afterhekneworoughttohaveknownofthe(ii)aftertheexpirationofanyadditionalperiodoftimefixedbythebuyerinaccordancewithparagraph(1)ofarticle47,orafterthesellerhasdeclaredthathewillnotperformhisobligationswithinsuchanadditionalperiod;(iii)aftertheexpirationofanyadditionalperiodoftimeindicatedbythesellerinaccordancewithparagraph(2)ofarticle48,orafterthebuyerhasdeclaredthathewillnotacceptperformances.ArticleIfthegoodsdonotconformwiththecontractandwhetherornotthepricehasalreadybeenpaid,thebuyermayreducethepriceinthesameproportionasthevaluethatthegoodsactuallydeliveredhadatthetimeofthedeliverybearstothevaluethatconforminggoodswouldhavehadatthattime.However,ifthesellerremediesanyfailuretoperformhisobligationsinaccordancewitharticle37orarticle48orifthebuyerrefusestoacceptperformancebythesellerinaccordancewiththosearticles,thebuyermaynotreducetheprice.Article(1)Ifthesellerdeliversonlyapartofthegoodsorifonlyapartofthegoodsdeliveredisinconformitywiththecontract,articles46to50applyinrespectofthepartwhichismissingorwhichdoesnotconform.Thebuyermaydeclarethecontractavoidedinitsentiretyonlyifthefailuretomakedeliverycompletelyorinconformitywiththecontractamountstoafundamentalbreachofthecontract.Article52Ifthesellerdeliversthegoodsbeforethedatefixedthebuyermaytakedeliveryorrefusetotakedelivery.Ifthesellerdeliversaquantityofgoodsgreaterthanthatprovidedforinthecontract,thebuyermaytakedeliveryorrefusetotakedeliveryoftheexcessquantity.Ifthebuyertakesdeliveryofallorpartoftheexcessquantity,hemustpayforitatthecontractrate.(ObligationsoftheBuyer)Article53Thebuyermustpaythepriceforthegoodsandtakedeliveryofthemasrequiredbythecontractandthis(Paymentoftheprice)Article54Thebuyer'sobligationtopaythepriceincludestakingsuchstepsandcomplyingwithsuchformalitiesasmayberequiredunderthecontractoranylawsandregulationstoenablepaymenttobemade.ArticleWhereacontracthasbeenvalidlyconcludedbutdoesnotexpresslyorimplicitlyfixormakeprovisionfordeterminingtheprice,thepartiesareconsidered,intheabsenceofanyindicationtothecontrary,tohaveimpliedlymadereferencetothepricegenerallychargedatthetimeoftheconclusionofthecontractforsuchgoodssoldundercomparablecircumstancesinthetradeconcerned.ArticleIfthepriceisfixedaccordingtotheweightofthegoods,incaseofdoubtitistobedeterminedbythenetArticleIfthebuyerisnotboundtopaythepriceatanyotherparticularplacehemustpayittotheseller:attheseller'splaceofbusinessorifthepaymentistobemadeagainstthehandingoverofthegoodsorofdocuments,attheplacewherethehandingovertakesplace.Thesellermustbearanyincreaseintheexpensesincidentaltopaymentwhichiscausedbyachangeinhisplaceofbusinesssubsequenttotheconclusionofthecontract.Article58Ifthebuyerisnotboundtopaythepriceatanyotherspecifictimehemustpay