大学英语四级模拟试卷979

大学英语四级模拟试卷979

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispari,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledCollege

Students,Booklist.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegiven

below.1.这是一所大学里学生所购书籍的变化2.你对于学生选择书籍类别变化

的评论3.哪类书籍你买得比较多？说明原因[*]CollegeStudents'Booklist

标准答案:CollegeStudents,BooklistThetableshowsthechangeofcollegestudents*

choiceofbooksfrom1991to2011.Obviously,novelsandbooksofphilosophyand

societyhavedeclinedgreatlyinimportance,whilebooksofforeignlanguagesand

computersciencehavebeengainingpopularity.Thisphenomenoninvolvesseveral

complicatedfactors.Inthefirstplace,collegestudentsneedtostudyforeignlanguages

andcomputersciencewclLbecausethereisapressingneedforthoseskillsinthe

employmentmarket.Inthenextplace,novelsarestillpopularthoughthesalesdecreased

duetotheavailabilityoftheInternet.Mostpopularbookscanbereadonline.Ihave

boughtmanycomputerbooksbecausecomputerismymajor.Moreover,computer

scienceoftenwitnessesfastchanges,thusinordertokeepupwithitslatestdevelopment,

Ihavetobuynewbookstoconstantlyarmmyselfwithnewinformation.

知识点解析：暂无解析

二、快速阅读理解（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共70

分。）

Master'sofYourOwnFieldInthefaceofafearsomejobmarketandhighgraduate

unemploymentlevels,postgraduateeducationisbooming.Morethan270,000students

returnedtouniversitytoaddadashofpostgraduateflashtotheirCVsintheprevious

year:demandformaster'sdegreessurged27%,whilethenumberofPhDcandidatesrose

9%,Andthelatestresearchsuggeststhatthosecurrentlysweatingoverpostgraduate

thesisproposalscansitbackandlookcontent.PostgraduateEducationintheUnited

Kingdom,apaperpublishedbytheBritishLibraryandtheHigherEducationPolicy

Institute（Hepi）,foundthat,threeandahalfyearsaftergraduation,94%ofpostgraduates

foundworkintheprofessions,comparedto78%ofundergraduates.Thereweremore

reasonstosmilefromtheHigherEducationCareersServicesUnit,whoseresearchinto

graduatemarket（rendsconfirmedthatmaster'sgraduatesexperiencedlowerratesof

unemploymentduringtherecessionthantheirfirst-degreepeers.Butthatextra

employabilitycomesatacost.Theaveragepricetagattachedtoaone-yearmasters

courseforadomesticstudenthasrisento£4,000.TheaveragecostofanMBA,

meanwhile,hashit£12,000.Addthatexpensetothegrowingconcernthatuniversities'

abilitytoprovideadvancedlearningcouldbehitbystaffingcutsandfundingsqueezes,

andtheoutlookforpostgraduateeducationlookslessrosy.Thoseworriescomeoutinthe

Hepireport,whichalsoshowsthatthepaypremium（奖金）forpostgraduatesis

decreasing.Thereport'sauthorsadmitthatpostgraduatestudymay"nolongercarrythe

weightitusedto,asincreasingnumbersofpostgraduatequalifierscompeteforjobsin

UKworkplaces".Theyalsoadmitthatasthefinancialreturnsfromhigherstudydecrease

whilefeesrise,"itmaybecomeincreasinglydifficultforthosefromlesseconomically

securebackgroundstoconsiderthiscourse".That'soneoftheissuesbeingtackledinan

officialreviewofpostgraduateeducationcurrentlybeingundertakenbytheDepartment

forBusiness,InnovationandSkills.Fornow,however,risingfeesandlowersalary

premiumsmeanwannabe-postgraduatesneedtobediscerning（有辨别力的）when

choosingacourse.Onecrucialthingtolookat,accordingtoCarlGilleard,chief

executiveoftheAssociationofGraduateRecruiters,ishowthecoursewillhelpyoumeet

yourfutureemploymentaims."Ifpostgraduatequalificationsareundertakenfortheright

reason,andthegraduateisabletoexplaintheirvaluetoprospectiveemployers,theycan

certainlybeveryworthwhileadditionstoCVs,"hesays."Thedesirabilityofa

postgraduatedegreevariesbetweensectors-inscienceandengineeringapostgraduate

qualificationisoftenarequirement,andininvestmentbankinganMBAisseenbymany

asinvaluablewhensupportedbystructuredworkexperience.""Butiftherealreasonisto

delaythejobsearchorasalastresortafterfailingtosecureajob,thenitisnotgoingto

beaworthwhileexercise."GiHeardalsoadvisespostgraduatestudentstocarryoutwork

experiencewhilestudying."Itsimportanttofindwaystobuildonemployabilityskills

themajorityofrecruitersthinkthattheabilitytodemonstratethecompetenciesrequired

foraroleisjustasimportantashavinganadditionalacademicqualification."Thatwas

animportantconsiderationforJamieEsterkin,23,fromManchester,whograduatedwith

alawdegreefromNottinghamUniversityin2008.Heknewthatonedayhewantedto

workasalawyer,butdecidedtodoamaster'sinanothersubjecttobroadenhis

knowledgefirst."Iwasinterestedinpropertyandbusiness,andwantedtosamplelifein

London,soIchosetodoamaster'sinrealestatedevelopmentattheUniversityof

Westminster,"Estcrkinexplains."IthoughtitwouldbeespeciallyusefulifIchooseto

specialiseinrealestatelawoneday."Hebegansearchingwebsitesanduniversity

introductions,lookingforacoursethatcoveredarangeofpropertytopics,hadastrong

reputationandofferedgoodvalueformoney."Ifoundthatbusinessandproperty

postgraduatecoursesatmanyLondonuniversitiescostupwardsof520,000forasingle

year,buttheymainlycoveredsimilarareas.'*Thepricetagwasoneofthethingsthat

drewEsterkintotheWesiminstercourse:hecouldfundthe£5,000feethroughsavings,

helpfromhisparentsandapart-timejob."Lookingback,Ithinkitrepresentedgood

valueformoney-theteachingwasexcellentandthecoursewasinterestingandvaried/'

hesays."Thepostgraduatelearningstylewasmorepractical,withhands-onexperience

thathelpedmegainabetterunderstandingoftheworkingsofthecommercialworld.'*

Esterkinhasnowreturnedforafinalyearoflegalstudy,havingsecuredatraining

contractwithaCityfirmnextyear."Giventhelevelofcompetitioninlaw,Idefinitely

thinkthatmypostgraduatedegreehelpedtodistinguishmefromthecrowd,'1hesays.His

tipforfuturepostgraduatesistoworkharderfromthestart."Postgraduatecoursesare

taughtandexaminedinaverydifferentwayfromundergraduatedegrees,andasthey

onlylastninemonths,it'stoughtojudgethelevelyouneedtosucceed."Thedrivetofind

agoodjobwasalsoakeymotivationforLaurenDolan,22,fromBath,whograduated

withadegreeinmanagementsystemsfromManchesterMetropolitanUniversityinJune

2008.Shechosetoengageinmaster'sstudywithoneeyeonthecompetitivegraduatejob

marketandanotheronthegloomyeconomicclimate."Iwantedtohavesomethingover

andaboveanundergraduatedegreetomakemestandoutfromothercandidates/'she

says.Althoughshehadhadweekendandholidayjobssinceshewas15,alackof

professionalworkexperienceledhertochooseamaster'sinadvancedmanagement

practiceatBathUniversity'sbusinessschool,whichincludedasix-monthwork

placementinindustry."Thecoursegavemeaverysolidfoundation,bothintermsof

theoreticalknowledgeandpracticalworkexperience,"Dolanexplains.Shespenther

placementworkingatyoghurt-makerDanone,whereshesays:"Iwasgivenresponsibility

fromthestartandtheveryvariedtasksenabledmetodevelopmyskills.*'Thefactthat

shesuccessfullyappliedforapermanentjobatihefirmaftergraduationmeansthat

Dolanfeelsthe£12,000tuitionfeeswereaworthyinvestment.Sheadds:"Althoughit

initiallysoundsexpensive,Istartedworkthedayaftermycourseended,soitwas

definitelyworthwhile."

2、Whytheauthorsayspostgraduatestudentscan"sitbackandlookcontent"?

A、TheycanaddadashofpostgraduateflashtotheirCVs.

B、Thedemandfbrmaster'sdegreesisincreasing.

C^Postgraduatestudentsenjoyahighemploymentrate.

D、Thejobmarkethasshownsomesignsofimprovement.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

TheHigherEducationCareersServicesUnitconfirmedthatduringtherecession

A、postgraduatesexperiencedlowerratesofunemployment

master'sgraduatessufferedfromlow.employmentrate

C、theaveragecostofamaster'sdegreehadarapidrise

D、thenumberoffirst-degreegraduatesbegantosurge

标准答案：A-,'J

知识点解析：暂无解析

4^OneissuebeingtackledbytheDepartmentforBusiness,InnovationandSkillsis

A、thelowemploymentrateofundergraduates

thepoorstudents,troubleoftakingmaster'scourses

C^thesorryoutlookofpostgraduateeducation

D^thedifficultyforstudentstochooseasuitablecourse

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

5、CarlGilleardsuggeststhatoneshouldchooseacoursebasedon.

ANfutureemploymentaims

B、hisowninterest

C、hisfinancialcapability

D^theeconomictrend

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

6、AccordingtoGiHeard,itisnotworthwhiletogetapostgraduatequalification

if.

A、youtakecoursesininvestmentbanking

B、itexcludescoursesinscienceandengineering

C^youdon'ihaveanyworkingexperience

D、itisonlyanexcusetodelayseekingajob

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

7、WhatisEstcrkin'spurposeofdoingamaster'sinrealestatedevelopment?

A、Tochangehisjobcareer.

Tofulfillhischildhooddream.

C、Tobroadenhisknowledge.

DxToattainhand-onexperience.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

8、WhatmakesEsterkinultimatelytakecoursesinWestminster?

A、Itsstrongreputation.

B、Itsrelativelylowtuition.

C^Ilsexcellentteaching.

D、Itsinterestingcourses.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

9、Esterkinbelievesthathispostgraduatedegreehimfromothercandidatesto

getatrainingcontract.

标准答案：distinguishes

知识点解析：暂无解析

10、ThecrueljobmarketanddroveLaurenDolantoengageinmaster'sstudy.

标准答案：thegloomyeconomicclimate

知识点解析：暂无解析

11、Dolanchoseamaster'sinadvancedmanagementpracticebecauseshecouldgcia

workplacementtoattain.

标准答案：professionalworkexperience

知识点解析：暂无解析

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分0）

12、

ANThewomanischeerful.

B、Thewomanhasnothing.

C^Thewomanfeelsbored.

D^Thewomanisspecial.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：男士见女士看上去不太高兴，问她怎么啦，女士回答“我只是有点厌

烦”，C是其回答的同义表达，为答案。本题答题的关键在于知道befed叩是“厌

烦”的意思。

13、

A、Themanstillhavechancetopasstheexam.

B、Themanstillhasafever.

C^Themanwillfailtheexamonemoretime.

D、Themanshouldbeupset.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：amake-uptest是“补考”的意思。女士说还有一次补考，言下之意是男

士还有通过考试的机会，因此A正确。

14、

A、Sheiswriting.

B、Sheisreadingamagazine.

C、Sheisediting.

D、Sheisbeinginterviewed.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：女士表示自己擅长写作，男士就问她愿不愿意成为编辑的助理。很明

显女士正在接受面试。D正确。

15、

A、Theyshouldgobytrainifit'snottooexpensive.

B、Theyshouldtakethetrainbecauseit'smorerelaxing.

C、TheyshoulddrivetoChicago.

D、Theyshouldgobyair.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：男士说开车去芝加哥要5个小时，女士说坐火车更轻松，不过估计要

看费用来决定。可知女士的意思是如果坐火车不太贵，就选择坐火车。A正确。

16、

A、HecriticizedJane.

B、Heisunhappy.

C、Heisselfish.

D^Heislazy.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：女士说男士看起来有点难过，男士就向她解释原因。可见男士确实是

不开心，B正确。

17、

A、Husbandandwife.

B、Salesmanandcustomer.

C、Doctorandpatient.

D、Employerandemployee.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：女士问男士哪里不舒服，男士回答了不舒服的症状，可见这是医生和

病人的对话，C正确。

18、

A、Theman,shouldfindanotherlocation.

B、Themanshouldputthehorsebeforethecart.

C、Themanshouldnotopenanewshop.

D、Themanshoulddosomethingmoreimportant.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：puttingthecartbeforethehorse意思是“本末倒置”，女士认为男士（没

有调查市场就去选店铺的做法）本末倒置了，言下之意就是男士应该去做更重要的

事（调查市场）。D正确。

19、

A^Heusuallyplaysgolfalone.

B、Heoftenplaysgolfwithhisemployer.

C>Heisamemberofacountrygolfclub.

D、Helikestoplaygolfverymuch.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：男士说他经常跟老板打高尔夫球，B是同义表达。

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题1.0

分，共3分。）

20、

A、Howtopersuadeotherstodocarwash.

B、HowtoorganizetheThanksgivingparty.

C、Howtogettheraising-moneymessageout.

D、Howtoshowtheinterestingthingstoothers.

标准答案：c

知识点0析：对话一开始就讲到如何筹款，接下来对话一直围绕着如何发布筹款信

息，以吸引整个校园的学生参与进来，故对话主题是“如何发布筹款信息”，C是对

对话主题的概括，故为答案。

21、

A、Getmaterialstomakeabigbanner.

B、Printalargenumberofposters.

C、Hangthebannerbeforethestudentcenter.

D、Haveanarticlepublishedintheschoolpaper.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：女士说学校打印店有她认识的人，说他能弄到做大横幅的材料，A的

意思跟对话内容相符，故为答案。

22、

A^Sheisgoodatwritingarticles.

B、Sheisveryhelpful.

C、Sheisthesmartestgirlintheclass.

D、ShedoesagoodjobinEnglishclass.

标准答案：B「「

知识点解析：对话结尾姓男士说女士是最棒的，没有她的帮助他都不知道该做什

么，由此可见男士认为女士帮了他很大的忙，B正确。

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

23、

A、Ababybearjumpedoutofabush.

B、Theteamwasseparatedbythebears.

C>Theteamannoyedagroupofbears.

D、Abearappearedandbegantochasethem.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：男士说他们沿着一座山的小道走的时候，一只熊突然从灌水丛里跳出

来并开始追击他们，D的表述与男士的话一致，故为答案。

24、

A、Shefearedthathumanbeingswouldhurther.

B>Shewasannoyedbythenoisespeoplemade.

C、Shewantedtoprotectherkidfrombeinghurt.

D、Shewantedtofindoutherlostkid.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：男士说熊妈妈跳出来是因为她害怕她的孩子会受到伤害，C说“她想

保护她的孩子，以免其受到伤害”，意思与男士的话一致，故选C。

25、

A、Humanbeingssuddenlyappearbeforethem.

B、Someunexpectedanimalsstepintothebush.

C、Thereareloudnoisescomingfrommanypeople.

D、Theyarehungryandarelookingforfood.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：男士说在很多情况下，熊攻击人是因为人类突然出现.使它们受到惊

吓。A是原文theyareshocked…human的同义改写，为正确答案。

26、

A、Bykeepingsilent.

B、Byspeakingloudly.

C、Bywalkingquickly.

D^Bystandingstill.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：男士说要想吓跑熊，可以在还没太靠近之前就制造响声，接着女士说

下次她去野营时，她会一边走一边大声唱歌，男士说这是个好主意。四个选项中，

只有B“大声说话”属于makenoises这个语义，与对话内容一致，故选B。

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题7.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A、Theyeattoomuchforlunch.

B、Theysleeptoolittleatnight.

C^Theirbodytemperaturesbecomelower.

D、Theweatherbecomesalotwanner.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：短文开头用问句的形式引出人们在下午早些时候容易犯困的情况，接

着便解释原因：“那时你的体温下降，使得你的行动慢下来并犯困故C为答

案。

28、

A、Theyworkhardatneon.

B>Theyfeeltoohottosleep.

C>Theirworkisdifficult.

D、Theytakenapsatnoon.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：短文提到，“在世界许多地方，人们有午睡的习惯。在气候更为炎热

的地方更是如此“。D中的atnoon对应文中的inthemidgeoftheday.本题选D。

29、

A、Moretiredbutdon'twanttosleep.

B、Moreexhaustedandsleepylater.

C>Lesstiredbutneedmoresleep.

D、Morerelaxedandenergetic.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：短文说，“太晚才小睡一会可能只会令你随后感觉更累、更困。如果

你睡太长时间,情况也可能这样。"exhausted与tired同义,B正确。

30、

A^Experienceisexclusivelyimportantforsuccessintheindustry.

B、Itstopmanagementpositionsareheldbywomen.

C^Agentsintheindustrycanestablishindependententerprises.

D、Itsemployeesatalllevelsarcmostlywomen.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：短文开头就说，旅游业与其他许多行业不同，因为这个行业雇用更多

的女性员工，并且各种岗位上都有女性。因此，D为正确答案。

31、

A^Todoimportantwrittenwork.

B、Tomakegooduseoftheirknowledge.

C、Togainthenecessaryexperience.

D^Todealwithotherpeopleinthefield.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：短文说到，有很多方式可以获取必要的经验，一些代理人在旅行社或

运输公司先从秘书做起。可见从秘书做起的原因是为了积累经验，故C正确。

32、

A、Theagentshouldonlyknowpricingpoliciesofhotels.

B、Theagentneedstoknowhowtocomputefares.

C、Theagentcanchangetravelregulationsconstantly.

D、Theagentneedn'tknownewdevelopmentsintheindustry.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：短文提到，旅行社最重要的一项工作是让人们了解定期和不定期航线

以及度假宾馆等的定价情况，能精确计算出费用的旅行社职员占有优势。因此，

B”旅行社职员需要知道如何精确计算出费用“正确。

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

33、

A^Automobilesaremoredestructivetohumansociety.

Peacebreakerspaylittleattentiontolawandmorality.

C>Moderntechnologybringsmoreharmthangood.

D^Thelackofvirtueisbecomingmoreprevailing.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：短文开篇即指出机动车造成的伤亡事故较史上.任何武器或炸弹有过之

而无不及，而其主要原因为驾驶者的不文明行为，故选B。

34、

A、Researchersshowgreatinterestinthis.

B、Fewdriversknowthedangersofaccidents.

C、Expertswanttowarndriversoftheirownsafety.

D、Itisamainreasonleadingtoaccidents.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：短文指出80%以上的机动车事故源于驾驶者的心理状况；在情绪欠

佳的情况下，驾车人的反应和判断会变差（从而导致事故），故选D。

35、

A、Raisingsafetystandaidsforvehicles.

Establishingspeedlimitsonmoreroads.

C、Limitingthenumberofvehiclesonexpressways.

D、Regulatingthereleaseofdrivers,licenses.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：短文末尾指出，近年来为减少交通事故采取了一些立法措施，其中包

括提高交通工具的安全标准。故选A。

36、

A、Toshowthatthemotorvehicleisaverydangerousinvention.

B、Todiscusstrafficproblemsandproposepossiblesolutions.

C>Topromotedrivers,socialawarenessandsenseofresponsibility.

D、Towarndriversofthedestructionofcarelessdriving.

标准答案：C

知识点解析•：短文告知读者一个事实，即交通事故频发；并深入分析其原因，即驾

驶者缺乏对法律道德及他人权利的尊重；最终提出改善办法。总结其最终用意，不

仅仅在于交代事实，而是希望唤起驾驶者的重视和责任感，从而尽量减少事故的发

生。故选C。

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题7.0分，共

“分。）

Whenwehavetotalkaboutsomethingthatmaybegoingwrong,wherethere'ssome

troublebrewing（酝服着）,orsomethingthatmight[Bl]orupsetpeople,wc

mayfeelwehaveto[B2]ourwordscarefully.Wedon'twanttoaddfueltothe

[B3].Youmightthinkthat"problem"wasquitean[B4]wordtouse

insuchsituations.But[B5],itseems,peoplehavebeguntofinditalittletoo

[B6],overstressingthebadsideofthings.They'vebeenlookingforan[B7]

waytosay"problem".Now,wheretherearemattersthatneedtobe[B8]

,they'reoftenreferredtoas"issues".[B9]Youneedtobecarefulv/ith

it,though.It'snotasimpleone-for-onesubstitution.[BIO]Butyoufinditin

suchcontextsas"That*snotanissue",or"Doyouhaveissueswiththat?",or"theissues

surroundingnuclearwastemanagement1'.Andofcourse,[Bl1]:whenthe

spacecraftApollo13brokedownonitswaytotheMoonin1970,thecrewcoolly

radioedbacktoEarth"Houston,wehaveaproblem".

37、[BI]

标准答案：disturb

知识点解析：根据空格后面的。rupset,可知此处需填入一个意义上与叩set并列

的动词原形。disturb”打扰,使烦后

38、[B2]

标准答案：choose

知识点解析：根据空格前面的haveto,可知此处应该是一个动词原形。choose”选

择”。

39、[B3]

标准答案：names

知识点解析：根据空格前面的addfueltothe可知此处的单词是flames,这是一个

固定搭配，addfueltotheflames"火上浇油

40、[B4]

标准答案：innocent

知识点解析：根据空格前面的an和后面的word,可知此处是一个元音开头的形容

词，修饰word。innocent”无害的，无罪的“。

41、[B5]

标准答案：recently

知识点解析：这句话不缺句子的主要成分，此处应该是一个作状语的副词。

recently“最近”。

42、[B6]

标准答案：negative

知识点解析：根据空格前面的1。。，可知此处需要一个被to。修饰的形容词。

negative”消极的

43、[B7]

标准答案:alternative

知识点解析：根据空格前面的an和后面的way,可知此处是一个元音开头的形容

词，修饰way。alternative"供替代的,选择性的

44、[B8]

标准答案：addressed

知识点解析：根据空格前面的needlobe,可知此处需要一个动词的过去分词形

式，表示被动。address“提出”，过去分词形式加-ed。

45、[B9]

标准答案：Suchmattersareoftendifficult,andsopeoplehavestartedtouse“issue”to

mean“problem”

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、[BIO]

标准答案：Youwouldn'tgenerallytalkaboufsolvinganissue"，andyoucertainly

can'tsaytfcnoissue”

知识点解析：暂无解析

47、[Bll]

标准答案：ifsomething'saterribledisaster,then“problem”comesintoitsownasa

calmingword

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读（选词填空）（本题共70题，每题7.0分，共

70分。）

Ifyou'reinchargeofChristmasdinner,withallitsinterconnectedtasksandchallengesof

timing一whentopreheattheoven,whethertoputthepotatoesinbeforetheeggs一why

notwritedownevery[SI]thatneedsdoing,inorder,thendothem,checking

themoffasyougo?Thatcanbeveryhelpful.TheChecklistManifesto,writtenbythe

journalistanddoctorAtulGawande,showstheimportanceofchecklistwhenhospital

ductorsaiv[S2]loliukoffilunisunuhuuklislsustheycanyoutruuliucbut

criticalprocedures.Inonetrial,theraleofinfectionsfrominlravenous（静脉内的）drips

fellfrom11%ofallpatientstozero[S3]becausestaffwerecompelledtowork

throughachecklistofno-braincritems,suchas[S4]theirhands.Amorerecent

study,whichincludedUKhospitals,suggestedthatwideruseofchecklistsmight[S5]

40%ofdeathsduringtreatment.Unlikeinmedicine,the[S6]usesof

checklistsineverydaylife-alistforholidaypacking,fbrinstance,aren'tusuallymatters

oflifeanddeath.Theideaofmakingachecklistissostupidlyobviousthatitseems

impossibleitcouldhaveso[S7]aneffect.Butthetruthisthatalllife,notjust

medicine,is[S8]complex;ifhighlytrainedintensive-carespecialistscanforget

a[S9]step,it'ssurethatanyonemight.Besides,thestep-by-stepstructureof

checklistscannarrowyour[S10]tothenextaction.Allyouhavetoremember

isto"dothenextrightthing'1.Thenthenext,andthenext.A)potentialB)required

C)crucialD)subjcctE)vastF)action(!)washingH)prcvcntI)simplyJ)incrcasinglyK)tbcus

L)normallyM)gradualN)rcquestO)shaking

48、[SI]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：此处需填入名词。此处表示每一步要做的事，文章末尾action属于语

义复现，放在此处符合文意，故选action。

49、[S2]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：此处需填入与are构成谓语动词。此处表示医生在进行医疗操作时，

会边做边在清单上打勾，与下一句中的compelled语义相近，属于硬性规定，由此

可知他们是“被要求”的,故选required。

50、[S3]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：此处需填入副词。空前是果，空后because引导原因，副词词库中，

simply多用来加强语气，simplybecause..・表示“仅仅是因为...”，故选

simplyo

51、[S4]

标准答案；G

知识点解析：此处需填入现在分词。医护人员常做的动作是“洗手”，属于无需动脑

子的简单事情，由此可知washing正确。

52、[S5]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：此处需填入原形动词。此处讲广泛运用清单的好处，根据空后的

40%ofdeaths可知应该是能够“预防”医疗过程中40%的死亡，动词词库中只有

prevent符合文意。

53、[S6]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此处需填入形容词。破折号后举了度假需要用到清单的例子，这属于

日常生活中可能用到清单的一方面，形容词词库中，potemial最符合文意。

54、[S7]

标准答案：E

知识点解析：此处需填入形容词，修饰aneffect,表示影响、效果或作用的大小程

度。形容词词库中，只有vasi可以修饰effect,表示“巨大的影响”。该句前半句说

列清单并不是高明的事情（sostupidlyobvious）,此处自然应该是说“似乎不可能有这

么大的作用“，vast正合适。

55、[S8]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：此处需填入副词。complex表示'、豆杂的Z副词词库中，只有

increasingly一词符合语境，表示“越未越复杂

56、[S9]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此处需填入形容词。该词修饰step,形容词词库中crucial可以修饰

它，表示“关键步骤如此.也凸显出列清单的重要性，符合语境。此处意思与第

2段中的critical相近,故选crucial。

57、[SI0]

标准答案：K

知识点解析：此处需填入名词。此处表示列清单有助于把注意力集中到下一步行动

上，focus符合文意。

十、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共70题，每题7.0

分，共70分。）

Anewpartnerpushesouttwoclosefriendsonaverage,leavingloverswithasmaller

innercircleofpeopletheycanturntointimesofcrisis.astudyfound.Theresearch,led

byRobinDunbar,headoftheInstituteofCognitive（认知的）andEvolutionary

Anthropology（人类学）atOxfordUniversity,showedthatmenandwomenwereequally

likelytolosetheirclosestfriendswhentheystartedanewrelationship.Previousresearch

byDunbar'sgrouphasshownthatpeopletypicallyhavefiveverycloserelationships一

thatis,peoplewhomtheywouldturntoiftheywereinemotionalorfinancialtrouble."If

yougointoaromanticrelationship,itcostsyoutwofriends.Thosewhohaveromantic

relationships,insteadofhavingthetypicalfive'coreset'ofrelationshipsonlyhavefour.

Andofthose,oneisthenewpersonwho'scomeintotheirlife,'*saidDunbar.Thestudy,

submittedtothejournalPersonalRelationships,wasdesignedtoinvestigatehowpeople

tradeoftspendingtimewithonepersonoveranotherandsuggeststhatlinkswithfamily

andclosestfriendssufferwhenpeoplestartaromanticrelationship.Dunbar'steamused

aninternet-basedquestionnaireloquiz428womenand112menabouttheir

relationships.Intotal,363oftheparticipantshadromanticpartners.Thefindingssuggest

thatanewloveinteresthastocompensateforthelossoftwoclosefriends.Speakingat

theBritishScienceFestival,ProfessorDunbarsaid:"Thiswasasurpriseforus.We

hadn'texpectedit.""WhatIsuspectisthatyourattentionissowhollyfocusedonthe

romanticpartneryoudon'tgettoseetheotherfolksyouhadalottodowithbefore,and

sosomeofthoserelationshipsstarttodeteriorate（变糟）Thequestionnaireallowed

peopletomentionwhetheranyoftheirclosestfriendswere"extraromanticpartners°.In

all,32ofthosequizzedmentionedhavinganextraloveinterestintheirlife,butthese

peopledidnotlosefourfriendsasmightbeexpected.Instead,theextrapersonintheir

lifebumpedtheiroriginalromanticpartneroutoftheirinnermostcircleoffriends.

58、WhatwasthenewfindingofRobinDunbar'sgroup?

Peoplewillturntotheirclosefriendswhentheyareinacrisis.

Peopleoftenbecomelesssociableaftertheyhaveanewpartner.

C、Peoplegainanewpartneratthecostoflosingtwoclosefriends.

D^Womentendtolosetheirclosefriendsmoreeasilythanmen.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章第1句提到一项研究发现人们谈一次新的恋爱平均会失去两个密

友,而由第2段第1句可知，该研究是由RobinDunbar牵头的，与题干相符，故

可确定C为正确答案。C中的atthecostof..•意为“以……为代价

59、Thephrase"verycloserelationships"（Lines1-2,Para.3）refersto.

A^romanticrelationships

B、intimatefriends

C、closepartners

D、closerelatives

标准答案：B

知识点解析：该段破折号后的内容对verycloserelationship作出了解释，指人们身

处感情或财政危机时可以求助的人，由前面修饰词five及后面的

emotional...trouble,并结合第1段后半句的内容可知这里不可能指“恋人”故

A、C可先排除;这里应指亲密的朋友，B中的intimate与close同义,所以B正

确。

60、ThepurposeofRobinDunbar'sstudyisto.

A^persuadepeopletocareabouttheirfriends

B、investigatehowpeoplespendtheirtime

C、lookintohowpeoplebalancedifferentrelationships

D^givesometipsonhowtostartaromanticrelationship

标准答案：C

知识点解析：该段中的wasdesignedto提示后面的内容即为研究的目的所在。该研

究意在调查人们如何权衡自己在不同的交往关系中的时间分配，C符合此意，为正

确答案。其中lookinto对应文中的investigate,balance对应文中的tradeoff（权

衡）。

61、WhatdowelearnaboutDunbar'squestionnairefromthepassage?

A>Itwascarriedoutonline.

B、Itfocusedonpeoplewhohadromanticpartners.

C、ItwasdesignedbythejournalPersonalRelationships.

D、Womenweremorewillingtodothequestionnairethanmen.

标准答案：A」

知识点解析：第6段首句提到邓巴的团队是用网上问卷的方式调查的(iniernet-based

questionnaire),A中的online与此对应，故为正确答案。

62、Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraphabout"extraromanticpartners"?

A、Theygaintheirpopularityintoday'ssociety.

Theyarenotacceptableintheresearchers'eyes.

C、Ihcytendtoarguealotwiththeoriginalromanticpartners.

D、Theyexpeltheoriginalromanticpartnersfromthe"coreset"ofrelationships.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：该段最后一句提到theextraperson会将之前的恋人挤出(bump…out

of)他们的密友圈子(inner-mostcircleoffriends),D是该句的同义替换，其中expel

对应文中的bump...outof,“coreset^ofrelationships对应文中的innermostcircleof

friendso

Whenolderpeoplecannolongerremembernamesatacocktailparty,theytendtothink

thattheirbrainpowerisdeclining.Butagrowingnumberofstudiessuggestthatthis

assumptionisoftenwrong.Instead,theresearchfinds,theagingbrainissimplytakingin

moredataandtryi