四川省内江市威远中学2025-2026学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

PAGEPAGE2页/112024级高二下期期中考试第一部分听力(30分第一节(51.57.5分5A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。WhatwillthespeakersdoGooutfor B．Cookat C．AttendaWhowillthemanturntoforhelp? Whatisthewoman’sopinionaboutthecourse? HowwillthewomangettotheNationalArtsMuseum?A．Bytaxi. B．Bybus. C．Bysubway.WhatdoesthewomanTheyearnedmuchlessthanThemanshouldn’thaveseentheTheycan’tmakeendsmeetthis第二节（151.522.5分）WhatdoesJennywantAlantoWalkher B．Cleanher C．WaterherWhenwillJennycomeNext B．Next C．NextWhatistheman’spossibleA．A B．A C．AvideoWhatdoesthewomanA．Adesktop. B．Alaptop. C．Atablet.10．Whatdidthemanenjoydoingintheoldhouse?A．Playing B．Recallingold C．ListeningtoscaryWhatdidthewomanthinkaboutwhilelyingTheold B．Thedecoration C．TheprevioushouseWhatdoesthemanexpectthehousetoA．Aholiday B．A C．AWhydoesthewomanbuysomuchTohelpTerry B．Tocelebratewith C．TodonateittofoodWhatisTerry’sHeisseriously B．Heis C．HebrokeupwithhisWhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenTerryandLaura?A．Husbandand B．Fatherand C．BrotherandHowwillthemanhelpTerry?A．Byofferingajobtohim.ByteachinghimsomeByaskingaHRmanagerforWheredidMattbeginhisjourney? HowmanyhourswasMatt’slongestA．15.5 B．16 C．16.5WhatcanbelearnedaboutIttookhimseveralyearstogethispilotHehasbeenpassionateaboutflyingsinceHemadegoodpreparationsforhisworldjourney.20．WhatisMattgoingtodonext?Conductan B．Sharehis C．Planonanother第二部分阅读(50分第一节(152.537.5分GlobalYouthClimateActionSummitTheGlobalYouthClimateActionSummitbringstogetheryoungleadersfromover100countriestoshareinnovativesolutionstoclimatechange.Thisyear’ssummitwillbeheldfromJuly15-18attheInternationalConventionCenterinGeneva,Switzerland.Earlybirdregistration:$150(closesMayRegularregistration:$200(June1-JulyLateregistration:$250(July2-Note:Registrationincludesaccesstoallsessions,materials,anddailymeals.AccommodationisnotRenewableEnergy15-All16-2:00-4:00Studentsaged 17-10:00AM-12:00Artanddesign18-1:00-3:00AllAbstractsubmissiondeadline:JuneNotificationofacceptance:JuneFinalprogramrelease:JulyFormoreinformation,visitourwebsite:\hHowmuchwillaparticipantpayiftheyregisteronJuneA. B. C. D.WhichworkshopisspecificallyforartanddesignRenewableEnergyfor B.ClimatePolicyC.SustainableFashion D.UrbanGardeningWhenwillparticipantsknowiftheirabstractshavebeenA.May B.June C.June D.JulyWhenMayaThompsonwas10yearsold,shewentonafamilyvacationtothebeachandsawhundredsofplasticbottlesandbagswashedupontheshore.Thatday,shemadeapromisetoherselfthatshewoulddosomethingtoprotecttheoceans.Now22,Mayahaskeptthatpromise.SheisthefounderofOceanGuardians,ayouth-ledorganizationthatorganizesbeachcleanupsandeducatespeopleaboutplasticpollution.Whatstartedasasmallgroupofcleaninguptheirlocalbeachhasgrownintoaglobalmovementwithover50,000membersin40OneofOceanGuardians’mostsuccessfulprojectsisthe“PlasticFreeSchool”program.Theorganizationworkswithschoolstoeliminatesingle-useplasticsfromcafeteriasandclassrooms.Sofar,over200schoolshavejoinedtheprogram,reducingtheirplasticwastebyanaverageof70%.Maya’sbiggestachievement,however,camelastyearwhensheledacampaigntobansingle-useplasticsinherhomestate.Shecollectedover100,000signaturesandspokeatthestatelegislature.Aftermonthsofdebate,thebanwaspassed,makingitthestrictestplasticbaninthecountry.Despitehersuccess,Mayaremainshumble.“I’mjustoneperson,”shesays.“Therealheroesarethousandsofvolunteerswhoshowupeveryweekendtocleanupbeachesandthestudentswhoarechangingtheirschools.Together,wecanmakeadifference.”Maya’snextgoalistoexpandthePlasticFreeSchoolprogramto1,000schoolsby2027.Shealsoplanstowriteabookforchildrenaboutoceanconservation.“It’simportanttostarteducatingkidsyoung,”sheexplains.“Theyarethefutureofourplanet.”WhatinspiredMayaThompsontostartprotectingtheAschoolprojectaboutenvironmentalSeeingplasticpollutiononabeachAdocumentaryaboutoceanTheencouragementfromherWhatisthe“PlasticFreeSchool”programTeachingstudentsaboutmarine B.OrganizingbeachcleanupsforC.Removingsingle-useplasticsfrom D.RaisingmoneyforoceanWhatdoestheunderlinedword“humble”inparagraph5probablyProudand B.ModestandnotC.Ambitiousand D.KindandWhatcanweinferfromtheMaya’sorganizationisfundedbytheTheplasticbaninMaya’sstatewasthefirstintheMayabelievescollectiveactionisthekeytosolvingenvironmentalAllschoolsinMaya’sstatehavejoinedthePlasticFreeSchoolIn1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff’sgranddaughter.Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.InWickenden’sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed(牵涉)drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism坚忍ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:“Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyToteachina B.TostudyAmericanC.Towritea D.TodoWhatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraphTheyenjoyedmuch B.TheyhadaroomwithaC.Theylivedwiththelocal D.TheysufferedsevereWhichpartofWickenden’swritingishair-Theextremeclimateof B.ThelivingconditionsinC.Therailroadbuildinginthe D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWhatistheA.Anews B.Abook C.Achildren’s D.AdiaryIntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct,researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea,anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect.“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication,”saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences.“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(标本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?”Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,”saidDaru.Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation-onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetterglobalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,andspecies.Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.Thesedataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye-catchingfeatures.Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsof“Quitealot,”Daruexplained.“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled.Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.”WhatdoweknowabouttherecordsofspeciescollectedTheyarebecoming B.TheyaremostlyinelectronicC.Theyarelimitedin D.TheyareusedforpublicWhatdoesDaru’sstudyfocusThreatened B.PhysicalPAGEPAGE7页/11C.Observational D.MobileWhathasledtothebiasesaccordingtotheMistakesindata B.PoorqualityofuploadedC.Improperwayof D.UnreliabledatacollectionWhatisDaru’ssuggestionforbiodiversityReviewdatafromcertain B.HireexpertstochecktheConfirmtheidentityofthe D.Giveguidancetocitizen第二节(52.512.5分JointheFriendsandfindtheplacethat’srightforWhoaretheFriendsoftheUniversityArtFriendsareourneighborsfromthelocalcommunitiesandbeyond.Theyarefamilies,students,scholars,andalumni(校友). .Friendsareunitedbyasharedlovefortheartsandfortheuniversity,andbyadesiretobepartofaculturalcommunity.FriendsareinterestedandactiveinthelifeoftheArtMuseum.Friendsareartlovers-justlikeyou. AsaFriend,yourmembershipprovidesessentialannualsupporttohelpsustainthecontinuedexcellenceanddiversityoftheMuseum’seducationalprograms.ByjoiningtheFriends,youhelptoguaranteethattheMuseumremainsawelcomingplaceofsharedenrichmentforallvisitorstoexperience,toenjoy,andtolove.WhatbenefitsdomembersoftheFriends .WhenyoubecomeaFriendoftheUniversityArtMuseum,youalsobecomepartofatradition.NotonlywillyoubeactivelyparticipatinginthelifeoftheMuseum,butyoualsowillreceivespecialopportunitiestoshareyourloveofartwithotherlike-mindedindividuals. ,andtheygetinvitationsexhibitionopenings,lectures,travelopportunities,andlivelysocialHowdoIjointheBecomingaFriendiseasy. ,returnitwithyourannualmembershipfeeintheattachedenvelope,beginenjoyingyourbenefitsimmediately.Ifyouprefer,youmayjoinonlineatartmuseum.edu/support/become-a-member,orwhenyouvisittheMuseumStore.WhydoesmembershipHowcanIlearnabouttheSimplycompletethemembershipYoucanthenseethefullrangeofFriendsFriendsmembershipisyourentrytomanyFriendsreceiveasubscriptiontotheMuseum’squarterlyFriendsarepeopleofallages,interests,abilities,andcultural第三部分语言运用(30分第一节(15115分Lastsummer,Iwenthikingwithsomefriendswhentheskysuddenlydarkenedandthunderrumbled(发出隆隆声).Aswehurriedback,myclassmateLily onarockandfellintoashallowstream,hittingherheadagainstastone.Blood seeped(渗出)fromherheadandshelaythere Mymindwent initially.“Callanambulance!”someoneshouted,butitwouldtakehoursforittoarrive.Rememberingthebasicfirst-aidcourseI’dtaken,Ikneltdown,myhandsshaking.Ipressed onherwristtocheckherpulse.Itwasweakbut .Ithenusedmyscarftoapplypressuretothewound.instructorhademphasizednotmovingsomeonewitha injury.Minutes .Lilystartedshaking,andherbreathingbecameshallow. roseinmychest,butIforcedmyselftostay .Irememberedtokeepinjuredpeoplewarm.Quickly,I myjacketandcoveredher, ,anotherfriendseparatedherfromthewetJustthen,somelocalfarmers,alerted(警觉)byourshouts,appearedwithastretcher.Theypraisedmyactions,sayingmy thinkinghadpreventedshockfromworsening.Atthatmoment, howfragile(脆弱的)lifeisandhowpowerfulknowledgecanbe.themostimportantlessonscomenotfromtextbooks,butfrom wherewechoosetostepup.Now,wheneverIseeafirst-aidkit,Iremember:preparednessturnspanicinto21.A.B.C.D.22.A.B.C.D.23.A.B.C.D.24.A.B.C.D.25.A.B.C.D.26.A.B.C.D.27.A.B.C.D.28.A.carryB.passedC.wentD.walked29.A.B.C.D.30.A.B.29.A.B.C.D.30.A.B.C.D.31.A.B.C.D.32.A.B.C.D.33.A.B.C.D.34.A.B.C.D.35.A.B.C.D.1Withroots (date)backthousandsofyears,Chineseseals(印章)aremorethanjust uniqueimage;theyaresymbolicofidentity,status,andculture.AChinesesealisasealorstampusedtomarkimportantdocuments,piecesofart,contracts,oranyotheritemthat (require)asignature.Thesealwasfirstcreatedin221BC.ThefirstemperorofChina,QinShiHuang,orderedhisfirstimperial(皇帝的)sealtobecarvedusingbeautifulwhitejade(玉). (call)the“Xi”,theimperialsealwasonlyusedthoseinpower.ItwasintheMingandQingdynasties theseal’susagemovedfromtheimperialtothepersonal,duetothe (develop)ofarts.Artistsbeganusingastylizedsealcarvingoftheirnamestomarkownershipoftheirworks. (individual)alsobeganusingapersonalizedstampforimportantdocuments.Thesenon-officialstampswerecalled (usual),thesealsarecarvedintostone,buttheycanalso (make)ofwood,bamboo,orSealsarecarvedinoneoftwoways:thematerialiscarvedawayfromthecharacter,leavingaredinkoutlinewhenusedonpaper, thecharacteriscarvedintothematerial,leavingthecharacterinwhiteamongared第四部分写作(40分第一节(15分注意：1.802.PAGEPAGE10页/11DearLi第二节(25分47.OnabeautifulThursdaythisApril,MrandMrsBrowntooktheirdaughterLilyoutforawalkinneighborhood.Ontheirwayback,MrsBrownpickedupadollforLilyfromthelocaltoystore—ithadsmoothhairandworeaprettybluedress,justlikethedollsLilyalwaysadmiredinshopwindows.Thesedays,whenMrandMrsBrownwerebusywiththeirworkandspendinglesstimeathome,suchsmalljoysmeantmorethanever.Intheafternoon,Lilycouldn’twaittoplaywithhernewdollinthebackyard.Shewascarefullypushingthedollinherlittletoypram(推车)whensuddenly,astrongwindcameandblewthepramdown.BeforeLilycouldcatchit,thepramhitatreeandfellover.Thedollfelloutandbrokeintopiecesonthehardground.Sincethedollwasmadeofporcelain(瓷器)andcompletelybroken,theBrownscoulddonothingaboutit.Heartbroken,Lilycollectedallthepiecescarefully.Shefoundasmallcardboardboxandputallthebrokenpiecesinside,thenburieditunderthebigoaktreeintheirgarden.Aboutonehourlater,theirneighborMrsWhitehappenedtopassbyandsawwhathadhappened.ShecameovertocomfortlittleLily.Seeinghowsadthegirlwas,shereallyfeltsorryforher.Anditwasatthatmomentthatshedecidedtodosomethingspecialforthepoorchild.Thenextday,MrBrownwentouttogetthemailasusualandfoundapackage.ItwasaddressedtoLily,withnosender’snamewrittenonit.Feelingcurious,hebroughtitinsideandcalledhisdaughter.Lilycarefullyopenedthewrappedpackage.150个左右Lily’seyesimmediatelylitupwithexcitementandDeeplymovedbythiswonderfulact,MrBrowndecidedtosharethestoryPAGEPAGE1页/212024第一部分听力(30分第一节(51.57.5分5A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。WhatwillthespeakersdoGooutfor B．Cookat C．AttendaWhowillthemanturntoforhelp? Whatisthewoman’sopinionaboutthecourse? HowwillthewomangettotheNationalArtsMuseum?A．Bytaxi. B．Bybus. C．Bysubway.WhatdoesthewomanTheyearnedmuchlessthanThemanshouldn’thaveseentheTheycan’tmakeendsmeetthis第二节（151.522.5分）WhatdoesJennywantAlantoWalkher B．Cleanher C．WaterherWhenwillJennycomeNext B．Next C．NextWhatistheman’spossibleA．A B．A C．AvideoWhatdoesthewomanA．Adesktop. B．Alaptop. C．Atablet.10．Whatdidthemanenjoydoingintheoldhouse?A．Playing B．Recallingold C．ListeningtoscaryWhatdidthewomanthinkaboutwhilelyingTheold B．Thedecoration C．TheprevioushouseWhatdoesthemanexpectthehousetoA．Aholiday B．A C．APAGEPAGE2页/21WhydoesthewomanbuysomuchTohelpTerry B．Tocelebratewith C．TodonateittofoodWhatisTerry’sHeisseriously B．Heis C．HebrokeupwithhisWhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenTerryandLaura?A．Husbandand B．Fatherand C．BrotherandHowwillthemanhelpTerry?A．Byofferingajobtohim.ByteachinghimsomeByaskingaHRmanagerforWheredidMattbeginhisjourney? HowmanyhourswasMatt’slongestA．15.5 B．16 C．16.5WhatcanbelearnedaboutIttookhimseveralyearstogethispilotHehasbeenpassionateaboutflyingsinceHemadegoodpreparationsforhisworldjourney.20．WhatisMattgoingtodonext?Conductan B．Sharehis C．Planonanother第二部分阅读(50分第一节(152.537.5分GlobalYouthClimateActionSummitTheGlobalYouthClimateActionSummitbringstogetheryoungleadersfromover100countriestoshareinnovativesolutionstoclimatechange.Thisyear’ssummitwillbeheldfromJuly15-18attheInternationalConventionCenterinGeneva,Switzerland.Earlybirdregistration:$150(closesMayRegularregistration:$200(June1-JulyLateregistration:$250(July2-Note:Registrationincludesaccesstoallsessions,materials,anddailymeals.AccommodationisnotPAGEPAGE3页/21RenewableEnergy15-All16-2:00-4:00Studentsaged 17-10:00AM-12:00Artanddesign18-1:00-3:00AllAbstractsubmissiondeadline:JuneNotificationofacceptance:JuneFinalprogramrelease:JulyFormoreinformation,visitourwebsite:\hHowmuchwillaparticipantpayiftheyregisteronJuneA. B. C. D.WhichworkshopisspecificallyforartanddesignRenewableEnergyfor B.ClimatePolicyC.SustainableFashion D.UrbanGardeningWhenwillparticipantsknowiftheirabstractshavebeenA.May B.June C.June D.July【答案】1. 2. 3.2026【1RegistrationDetails中“Regularregistration:$200(June1-July1)(常规注册：200171日)”可知，65200PAGEPAGE4页/21【2designstudents(艺术设计学生)”可知，该工作坊专门为艺术设计学生开设。【3ImportantDates中“Notificationofacceptance:June25(录取通知：625日)625WhenMayaThompsonwas10yearsold,shewentonafamilyvacationtothebeachandsawhundredsofplasticbottlesandbagswashedupontheshore.Thatday,shemadeapromisetoherselfthatshewoulddosomethingtoprotecttheoceans.Now22,Mayahaskeptthatpromise.SheisthefounderofOceanGuardians,ayouth-ledorganizationthatorganizesbeachcleanupsandeducatespeopleaboutplasticpollution.Whatstartedasasmallgroupoffriendscleaninguptheirlocalbeachhasgrownintoaglobalmovementwithover50,000membersin40countries.OneofOceanGuardians’mostsuccessfulprojectsisthe“PlasticFreeSchool”program.Theorganizationworkswithschoolstoeliminatesingle-useplasticsfromcafeteriasandclassrooms.Sofar,over200schoolshavejoinedtheprogram,reducingtheirplasticwastebyanaverageof70%.Maya’sbiggestachievement,however,camelastyearwhensheledacampaigntobansingle-useplasticsinherhomestate.Shecollectedover100,000signaturesandspokeatthestatelegislature.Aftermonthsofdebate,thebanwaspassed,makingitthestrictestplasticbaninthecountry.Despitehersuccess,Mayaremainshumble.“I’mjustoneperson,”shesays.“Therealheroesarethousandsofvolunteerswhoshowupeveryweekendtocleanupbeachesandthestudentswhoarechangingtheirschools.Together,wecanmakeadifference.”Maya’snextgoalistoexpandthePlasticFreeSchoolprogramto1,000schoolsby2027.Shealsoplanstowriteabookforchildrenaboutoceanconservation.“It’simportanttostarteducatingkidsyoung,”sheexplains.“Theyarethefutureofourplanet.”WhatinspiredMayaThompsontostartprotectingtheAschoolprojectaboutenvironmentalSeeingplasticpollutiononabeachAdocumentaryaboutoceanTheencouragementfromherPAGEPAGE5页/21Whatisthe“PlasticFreeSchool”programTeachingstudentsaboutmarine B.OrganizingbeachcleanupsforC.Removingsingle-useplasticsfrom D.RaisingmoneyforoceanWhatdoestheunderlinedword“humble”inparagraph5probablyProudand B.ModestandnotC.Ambitiousand D.KindandWhatcanweinferfromtheMaya’sorganizationisfundedbytheTheplasticbaninMaya’sstatewasthefirstintheMayabelievescollectiveactionisthekeytosolvingenvironmentalAllschoolsinMaya’sstatehavejoinedthePlasticFreeSchool【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.OceanGuardians，发起海滩清理活动、推行"无塑料学校"项目，并成功推动家乡州通过全国最【4细节理解题。根据第一段“WhenMayaThompsonwas10yearsold,shewentonafamilyvacationtothebeachandsawhundredsofplasticbottlesandbagswashedupontheshore.Thatday,shemadeapromisetoherselfthatshewoulddosomethingtoprotecttheoceans.(MayaThompson十岁时，和家人去海滩度假，看到数百个塑料瓶【5细节理解题。根据第三段“Theorganizationworkswithschoolstoeliminatesingle-useplasticsfromcafeteriasandclassrooms.(该组织与学校合作，清除食堂和教室里的一次性塑料制品)”可推知，该项目旨在帮助学校【6词句猜测题。根据划线词下文““I’mjustoneperson,”shesays.“Therealheroesarethethousandsofvolunteerswhoshowupeveryweekendtocleanupbeachesandthestudentswhoarechangingtheirschools.Togetherwecan管成就卓著，Mayahumble意为“谦虚的、不傲【7推理判断题。根据第五段“Therealheroesarethethousandsofvolunteerswhoshowupeveryweekendtocleanupbeachesandthestudentswhoarechangingtheirschools.Together,wecanmakeadifference.(真正的英雄是那协力，就能有所作为)”可推知，Maya认为集体行动是解决环境问题的关键。In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff’sgranddaughter.Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.InWickenden’sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed(牵涉)drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism坚忍ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:“Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyToteachina B.TostudyAmericanC.Towritea D.TodoWhatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraphTheyenjoyedmuch B.TheyhadaroomwithaC.Theylivedwiththelocal D.TheysufferedsevereWhichpartofWickenden’swritingishair-Theextremeclimateof B.ThelivingconditionsinC.Therailroadbuildinginthe D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWhatistheA.Anews B.Abook C.Achildren’s D.Adiary【答案】8. 9. 10. 11.DorothyWickenden【8细节理解题。根据第一段“In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.-DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood-traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomA【9推理判断题。根据第三段“Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,andlikethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.(他们和一个当地家庭，哈里森thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.(在春天，雪被泥替代覆盖在冰上)”可推知，女孩们的生活条件非常艰D项。【10细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentaileddrillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.(令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关，这涉及到在C项。【11推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.(RosamondDorothy回到奥本结束)”以及最后一段“Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicismofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.(Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品)Wickenden的书籍内容，并对B项。IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct,researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea,anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect.“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication,”saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences.“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(标本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?”Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,”saidDaru.Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation-onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetterglobalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,andspecies.Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.Thesedataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye-catchingfeatures.Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsof“Quitealot,”Daruexplained.“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled.Toimprovethequalityobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.”WhatdoweknowabouttherecordsofspeciescollectedTheyarebecoming B.TheyaremostlyinelectronicC.Theyarelimitedin D.TheyareusedforpublicWhatdoesDaru’sstudyfocusThreatened B.PhysicalC.Observational D.MobileWhathasledtothebiasesaccordingtotheMistakesinda