腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术

1、1,腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术（LIHR） 及3D补片的应用 - The application of LIHR and 3D mesh,腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术（LIHR） Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair,腹股沟疝的发病基础: etiology of inguinal hernia 肌耻骨孔 myopectineal orifice,肌耻骨孔 myopectineal orifice,腹股沟疝修补的目标完整覆盖肌耻骨孔,完整覆盖肌耻骨孔有三层不同的修补层次 Reconstruction of three differtent layers （1）腹横筋膜前的肌前

2、修补 Extra-transverse fascia repair （2）腹横筋膜后的腹膜前修补 Extra-peritoneal repair （3）腹腔内修补 Intra-peritoneal repair,腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术（LIHR） Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair,（1）完全腹膜外修补术（totally extraperitoneal TEP） （2）经腹腹膜前疝修补术（transabdominal preperitoneal TAPP） （3）腹膜内补片植入术疝修补术（intraperitoneal onlay mesh IPOM）,LIH

3、R手术的合理性,1.符合病因学说，腹横筋膜重建。 Rebuild the transverse fascia 2.符合解剖结构，完全修复了腹股沟部位的薄弱区域。 Cover the entire weak parts of inguinal area 3.符合力学原理，有效缓冲腹腔内压力的冲击 Buffer the pressure of peritoneal cavity,WHY LIHR?,LIHR手术的适应证 Indication,优先考虑：双侧疝和复发疝 Ideally suitable for relapse hernia and bilateral hernia 适用于：I型、II

4、型、III型和IV型的腹股沟直疝、斜疝和股疝 Adapt to (type-I/ II/ III/ IV) indirect hernia、direct hernia and femoral hernia -（中华外科学会疝与腹壁外科学组2003年8月修订稿）,LIHR手术的禁忌证 Contra-indication,1.不能耐受麻醉和气腹者。 intolerance of anesthesia and pneumoperitoneum 2.严重出血倾向者。 serious hemorrhagic tendency 3.嵌顿疝、绞窄疝。incarcerated hernia and stran

5、gulated hernia 4.腹腔镜手术后严重粘连者。severe Post-laparoscopic operation adhesion 5.复杂滑动疝。complicated sliding hernia 6.合并妊娠者。combined with pregnancy,LIHR手术的优点 Advantages,1.切口小，疼痛轻，美观。 Small incision Less pain Better outlook 2.避免了由于切口所致的组织损伤，神经损伤，切口感染。 Small wound area Low risk of infection and tissue damage

6、3.局部的紧张感，异物感轻微。 Tension-free More comfortable 4.空间大，视野清晰，解剖标志明显，补片易于放置到位，展平。 Allowed clear visualization of all preperitoneal fascial planes and anatomic landmarks Easy to fix the mesh to planned place,LIHR手术的优点 Advantages,5.术中可探查是否有隐匿疝，并得到及时的治疗。 Find and treat mutiple unexpected and concealed herni

7、a 6.治疗双侧疝、复合疝与复发疝具有一定的优势。 Ideally suitable for relapse hernia、bilateral hernia and complicated hernia 7.允许患者术后更早的回复非限制性活动。 Quicker recovery a shorter hospitalization period,全腹膜外腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术（TEP） Totally Extraperitonial,TEP 不进入腹腔，对腹腔无干扰，是LIHR的最佳术式。 No opening of the peritoneum, hence no risk of damagin

8、g abdominal organs, TEP is the best approach among LIHR. 由于没有现成的手术空间，需要人造间隙。而且，人造的间隙相对较小，增加了手术难度。 Since no ready operation space, better exposure of the extraperitoneal space needs adequate experience, which raises the difficulty.,TEP手术的操作要点 KEY POINTS,1.病人的体位。Body Position 2.Trocar的放置。Port placemen

9、t 3.正确的进入腹膜前间隙。Push it slowly and check on the screen that Im going in the right way 4.腹膜前间隙的分离。Dissection with the scope 5.解剖结构的辨认。Know the working anatomy 6.疝囊剥离。Dissection of the hernia sac 7.补片的放置。（常用3D补片）Mesh placement,病人的体位 Position,-建立气腹： 帮助医生有足够空间观察操作 患者通常为头低脚高位15-30 CO2维持压力10-15mmHg,-Start

10、the insufflation of the extraperitoneal space with a pressure of 10-15mmHg（ CO2 ） -Low head and high legs ( 15-30) -Both contribute to better exposure,Trocar的位置 Port Position,15,腹膜前间隙 pre-peritoneal space,解剖结构的辨认 the working Anatomy,解剖结构的辨认 Anatomy,腹壁下血管Epigastric Vessels,睾丸动静脉Testicular Vessels,输精管

11、Vas Deferens,腹股沟韧带Inguinal Ligament,斜疝区Indirect Space,髂血管 Illiac Vessels,腹直肌Rectus Muscle,耻骨结节Pubic Tubercle,股疝区Femoral Space,Cooper韧带Coopers Ligament,直疝区Direct Space,解剖结构的辨认 Anatomy,解剖结构的辨认 Anatomy,解剖结构的辨认 Anatomy,解剖结构的辨认 Anatomy,解剖结构的辨认 Anatomy,常用的3D补片,通用 Aspide Mesh 巴德 Bard Mesh 泰科 Tyco Mesh,通用3D

12、补片Aspide 3D Mesh,材料特点 Features 聚丙烯材料经特殊工艺热压成形 A reinforcement net made of non-woven, non-knitted and non-resorbable polypropylene 具有皱缩率低（5%） Less shrinkage 组织长入性好 Excellent colonization 术后慢性疼痛发生率低 Less post-operative chronic pain,非编织补片 vs 编织补片non-woven mesh vs woven mesh,非编织补片特点：皱缩低 柔软,通用3D补片Aspide

13、3D Mesh,结构特点 1 三维立体定位补片 解剖立体结构 2 透视定位孔 提高医生手术精准率 3 左右侧兼容，便于操作 4 更少固定，降低术后 慢性疼痛 规格：15*11cm,13*10cm,精索血管分叉,Cooper韧带,巴德3D补片Bard 3D Mesh,材料特点 Features 1.单丝聚丙烯，与组织产生尼龙拉扣效应 Monofilament PTEE stitches minimizes the risk of adhesions to the prosthesis 2.加强边缘 reinforced edge 保持形状 Formed 防止毛边 Sealed edges provide on overhang of ePTFE without compromis