初中英语句法.pptx

1、初中英语句法讲解与练习,句法,句子的种类（用途上分）,句子的类型（结构上分）,句子的成分,句子的特殊句型(there be-),一、句子的种类: 1.陈述句 2.疑问句 3.感叹句 4.祈使句,肯定句：He does his homework.,否定句：He his homework.,一般问句： your brother (have) long hair?,特殊问句：What your brother (do) ？,反义问句：Hes never been there, ?,选择问句: Did you go shopping fishing?,beautiful girl she is!,be

2、autiful flowers these are!,beautiful these are!,Be careful ! Dont be late for class!,Listen! (not look)at me like that!,Let us go home, ?,Lets go home, ?,二、句子的类型： 1. 简单句(五种基本句型) A. S+Vi （主+谓） B.S+V系+P （主+系+表） C. S+Vt+O （主+谓+宾） D. S+Vt+IO+DO （主+谓+间宾+直宾） E. S+Vt+O+CO （主+谓+宾+宾补）,be, sonud,look,smell-,判

3、断下列句子是五种句型哪一种？填序号。 （ ）1. Her mother bought her a beautiful school bag last week. （ ）2. He looks like his father very much. （ ）3. The boss made the workers work more hours. （ ）4. My father worked in the factory two years ago. （ ）5. We are studying English in this classroom.,D,B,E,A,C,20092014中招 简单句真题

4、链接,简单句 ： 62.（ 09 ）34.You have seen the film The Dead Reading, havent you? _ . How I wish to see it again! A. No, what a pity B. No, I havent C. Yes, I like it D. Yes, its boring ( 10 ) 无 63.( 11 ) 34. _fine day it is! Lets go and fly a kite. A. What B. What a C. How D. How a,简单句 ：,64.( 12 ) 34._out

5、your love.The world will become a nicer place to live in. A:Speak B:To speak C:Speak D:Speaking 65.( 13) 34. Do you want to be healthy? _. Smiling can help you stay healthy. A. Smile B. Smiling C. To smile D. Smiled,2.并列句 :and/ but /or/then/so- 1). Think it over, youll find the way. 2). Study hard,

6、youll fall behind others. 3). He can swim he cant skate. 4). I am a teacher you are a student. 5). Cindy was ill yesterday she didnt go to school.,then,or,but,and,so,3.复合句 A. 名词从句（主、宾、表、同） B. 副词从句（状语从句） C. 形容词从句 （定语从句）,That 陈述句.,If/whether+一般问句.,Wh- 特殊问句.,When/since 时间状语从句.,If/ unless 条件状语从句.,Becaus

7、e 原因状语从句.,When/since 时间状语从句.,So that 目的状语从句.,Than 比较状语从句.,Though 让步状语从句.,主 （定从）系表 （定从）,主 （定从）谓宾 （定从）,先行词+关系词+（定从）,20092014中招 状从真题链接,1.（ 09 ）29. Its quite common in Britain to say “Thank you” to the drivers _ people get off the bus. A. after B. since C. until D. when 2.( 10 ) 25 its difficult to make

8、 her dream come true，she never gives up A Though B Unless C Because D If 3.( 11 ) 24. You wont feel happy at school _ you get on well with your classmates. A. though B. when C. unless D. because,4.( 12 ) 31. We should give the boy another chance _he has made some mistakes. A. though B. when C. unles

9、s D. because,(13) 无 5.(14) Hes not a perfect child. He sometimes talks back _ his parents talk with him. A. if B. before C. when D. until,( )6. The students were walking on the street they saw a car hit the man riding a bike. A. when B. While C. after D. before ( )7. Well go to the Great Wall it tom

10、orrow. A. if-rains B. unless- rains C. if -not rain D. B or C ( )8. he failed the exam he never gave up . A. Although , / B. Although, but C. / , but D. Because, so,20092014中招 宾从和定从 真题链接,宾语从句：1.（ 09 ）35.What time will Mr Brown be back to China? Sorry. I dont know_. A. when did he go abroad B. why he

11、 is going abroad C. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abroad 2.( 10 )35 Some of my friends are interested in science，but none of them can tell _. A when UFOs will appear next time B why do horses know the way C where was this kind of plant found D how do elephants communicate,宾语从句： 3

12、.( 11 )35. I didnt see Laura at the party last night. Do you know _? A. why didnt she come B. what happened C. when would she arrive D. where she has been,4.(12) 35.My pen pal from America is coming to visit me. Im thinking about_. A:what present did give her B:how I will give her a surprise C: wher

13、e will we have a big meal D:whether I planned a trip for her,宾语从句：,5.(13) 35. -Miss Lee, I didnt catch what you said. Could you tell me _ again? -OK. A. what should we take B. where shall we meet C. when we would start D. how we will get there 6. (14)Excuse, can you tell me _? Sorry, I dont. You can

14、 go to the information desk. that there is a train B. when the train leaves C. which train can I take D. where does the train go.,定语从句： 1.（ 09 ）31.Its time to say goodbye to my school. Ill always remember the people _ have helped me. A. who B. what C. which D. where 2.( 10 )33 Friends are those _ ma

15、ke you smile，always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed A which B what C whom D who 3.( 11 ) 32. Tony, tell me the result of the discussion _ you had with your dad yesterday. A. what B. which C. when D. who,定语从句： 4.( 12 )33. Success will belong to those _never say “impossible”. A.

16、whom B. what C. who D. which,5.(13) 32. A friend is someone _ says, “What! You too? I thought I was the only one!” A. who B. which C. what D. whose 6.(14) “Underground” is the only word in the English language _ begins and ends with the letters “und”. A. what B. that C. who D. whom,句子的成分,【定】 形/代/数/名

17、/ 【定】 形/代/数/名/ 主 名/代/数/不定/动名/短语/从句 主名/代/数/不定/动名/短语/从句 【定】介短/不定/从句 【定】介短/不定/从句 【状】副 【状】副 谓动词（短语） 系动词（短语） 【定】形/代/数/名/ 【定】形/代/数/名/ 宾名/代/数/不定/动名/短语/从句 表名/代/形/副/介/不定/分词/短语/从句 【补】形/名/副/短语/分词/不定式 【状】副/介词短语/不定式/分词/短语 【状】副/介词短语/不定式/分词/短语,句子的特殊句型： 1. There be 结构 2. Could you please do sth? 3. Would mind doing sth? 4. What/ How about doing sth? 5. Youd better do sth. 6. Its +adj +for/ of sb. To do sth. 7. It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.,(