管理学第十版练习及答案

1、Chapter 7 Foundations of Planning 1. Planning is concerned with how objectives are to be accomplished, not what is to be accomplished. F 2. If a manager refuses to write anything down or share his plans with others in the organization, he is not truly planning. F 3. Planning provides direction to ma

2、nagers and nonmanagers alike. T 4. Even without planning, departments and individuals always work together, allowing organizations to move efficiently toward its goals. F 5. Research indicates that non-planning organizations always outperform planning organizations. F HOW DO MANAGERS PLAN? 6. Goals

3、are the foundation of organizational planning. T 7. Most businesses have only one objective: to make a profit. F 8. Most companies goals can be classified as either strategic or financial. T, p146 9. Strategic goals are related to the financial performance of the organization. F 10. An organizations

4、 real goals are often quite irrelevant to what actually goes on. F 11. Long term used to mean anything over three years, but now it means anything over one year. F 12. Short-term plans are those covering one year or less. T 13. Directional plans have clearly defined objectives. F ESTABLISHING GOALS

5、AND DEVELOPING PLANS 14. An MBO program consists of four elements: loose goals, participative decision making, an explicit time period, and performance feedback. F, p150 15. In times of dynamic environmental change, well-defined and precisely developed action plans enhance organizational performance

6、. F 16. A well-designed goal should be measurable and quantifiable. T 17. Goals that are too easy to accomplish are not motivating and neither are goals that are not attainable even with exceptional effort. T 18. The more the current plans affect future commitments, the longer the time frame for whi

7、ch managers should plan. T CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN PLANNING 19. A major argument against formal plans is that they cant replace intuition and creativity. T 20. Managers must be able to follow through with plans even if conditions change. F, p153 21. Effective planning in dynamic environments means fl

8、attening the organizational hierarchy. T 1. Planning involves defining the organizations goals, establishing an overall strategy for achieving those goals, and developing a comprehensive set of plans _C_. a.as to which shift will perform what work functions b. to determine which manager will be in c

9、harge of which department c.for organizational work activities d. to establish the quality and quantity of work to be accomplished 2. In informal planning, _C_ sharing of goals with others in the organization. a.everything may be written down, but there is little or no b. everything is written down,

10、 and there is c.nothing is written down, and there is little or no d. nothing is written down; therefore management does a lot of WHY DO MANAGERS PLAN? 3. The effect of planning on managers is that it forces them to _B_. a.react to change b. consider the impact of change c.respond indiscriminately d

11、. develop bureaucratic response models 4. Planning gives direction, reduces the impact of change, minimizes waste and redundancy, and _D_p164_. a.establishes the workloads for each of the departments b. sets the basis used for promotion of individuals within the organization c.eliminates departments

12、 that are not needed within the plan d. sets the standards used in controlling 5. The quality of the planning process and the appropriate implementation of the plans probably _B_. a.dont contribute to high performance nearly as much as the extent of planning b. contribute more to high performance th

13、an does the extent of planning c.contribute less to high performance than does the extent of planning d. should be studied more to factually determine which contributes the most 6. Governmental regulations, powerful labor unions, and other critical environmental forces constrain managers options and

14、 _A_ the impact of planning on an organizations performance. a.reduce b. increase c.neutralize d. dont affect HOW DO MANAGERS PLAN? 7. Planning involves two important elements: _B_. a.goals and decisions b. goals and plans c.plans and decisions d. goals and actions 8. Official statements of what an

15、organization says and what it wants its various stakeholders to believe are referred to as _B_. a.real goals b. stated goals mitted goals d. comprehensive goals 9. What should a person do to understand what the real objectives of the organization are? A a.observe organizational members actions b. at

16、tend a stockholders annual meeting c.read their annual report d. watch television news reports 10. When we categorize plans as being directional versus specific, we are categorizing them by _B_. a.breadth b. specificity c.frequency of use d. depth 11. Strategic plans tend to cover a longer period of

17、 time than operational goals and also _C_. a.cover a more narrow view of the organization b. cover the financial projections of the planning period c.cover a broader view of the organization d. include an estimate of the profits that the stockholder can anticipate as dividends 12. Specific plans are

18、 clearly defined and _B_. a.allow managers to their interpret “flexibility” on their own b. leave no room for interpretation c.give the managers authority to interpret the plans for their area of responsibility d. keep the stakeholders informed of the organizations objectives 13. Directional plans _

19、B_. a.have clearly defined objectives b. identify general guidelines c.meet the needs of a unique situation d. last for 35 years 14. _D_ is a one-time plan specifically designed to meet the needs of a unique situation. a.A multipurpose plan b. A strategic plan c.An operational plan d. A single-use p

20、lan ESTABLISHING GOALS AND DEVELOPING PLANS 15. With traditional goal setting, the goals are set at the top level of management and _B_. a.then they become the responsibility of first-line management to achieve the goals b. then they are broken down into sub-goals for each level of the organization

21、c.all the efforts to achieve the goals are directed by top management to ensure that they are achieved d. then they are delegated to the next lower level to be achieved 16. With traditional goal setting, the assumption is that _A_. a.top managers know what is best because they see the “big picture”

22、b. top managers are unfamiliar with setting goals, so lower-level managers are assigned to do the task c.lower-level managers understand more of what needs to be accomplished d. lower-level managers are incapable of setting goals 17. What happens to traditional goals as they make their way down from

23、 top management to lower levels?A a.They lose clarity and unity. b. They unite the workforce. c.Lower-level managers must continually revise and correct them. d. They purposely remain vague and nonspecific. 18. What is the first step in a typical MBO program?C a.Major objectives are allocated among

24、divisional and departmental units. b. Unit managers collaboratively set specific objectives for their units with their managers. c.The organizations overall objectives and strategies are formulated. d. Action plans are specified and agreed upon by managers and employees. 19. In the MBO system, _D_.

25、a.objectives are determined by management b. goals are only reviewed at the time of completion c.goals are used as controls d. progress toward objectives is periodically reviewed 20. A well-designed goal should be _B_. a.short and very specific about expected outcomes b. written in terms of outcomes

26、 rather than actions c.identifiable to even the first-line supervisors d. specific and within a manageable time frame 21. _C_ planning dominates managers planning efforts at lower levels of the organization. a.Strategic b. Tactical c.Operational d. Functional 22. The commitment concept means that pl

27、ans should extend far enough to meet those commitments _D_. a.as quickly as possible b. while the resources are available c.with the stakeholders and make it appear that the organization is really committed d. made when the plans were developed 23. Planning for too long or too short a time period _B

28、_. a.is effective planning b. is inefficient and ineffective c.is the concept of commitment d. depends on the organization 24. In the traditional approach to planning, planning was done entirely by top-level managers who were often assisted by _D_. a.business level managers b. functional level manag

29、ers c.a mixture of managers from the line, functional, and business level d. a group of planning specialists 25. When organizational members are more actively involved in planning, they see that the plans _C_. a.are not as important as management makes them out to be b. are how the company is going

30、to be judged by the stockholders c.are more than just something written down on paper d. stated to stakeholders are the real plans that the organization desires to achieve CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN PLANNING 26. In an uncertain environment, managers want to develop _B_p154_ plans. a.general and flexible

31、 b. specific but flexible c.formal d. contingency 27. It is _D_p155_ formal planning efforts when the environment is highly uncertain. a.not as important to continue b. important to switch to directional planning and cease c.necessary to cease d. important to continue SCENARIO QUESTIONS For each of

32、the following, choose the answer that most completely answers the question. WHAT IS PLANNING? Its Academic (Scenario) You are the academic dean for a small liberal arts college. The university president has asked you to develop a plan for the college. He wants the plan to cover the next 5 years. He

33、wants it to be as specific as possible, but it should leave some room for flexibility. 28. Because your plan will have specific objectives covering a period of 5 years along with specific action plans for achieving of these objectives, your plan could best be described as _. a.contractual b. formal

34、c.defined d. standard (b) WHY DO MANAGERS PLAN? Its Academic (Scenario) You are the academic dean for a small liberal arts college. The university president has asked you to develop a plan for the college. He wants the plan to cover the next 5 years. He wants it to be as specific as possible, but it

35、 should leave some room for flexibility. 29. The president has expressed concern regarding the impact of planning on the ability of the organizational to respond to emerging changes in the higher education environment, such as distance learning and corporate universities. You should tell the preside

36、nt that planning _. a.forces managers to look at the present b. forces managers to anticipate change c.eliminates the consideration of the impact of change d. increases uncertainty (b) HOW DO MANAGERS PLAN? E-Biz Dreams (Scenario) Robert Downs has just completed a Master of Science degree in compute

37、r science at Major State University. He now wants to begin a new Internet business selling his services as a Web site maker for companies in his home city, St. Louis. He estimates that, if his business idea is a success, within 1 year he will be employing at a minimum 10 programmers and 2 analysts.

38、30. To make his business successful, Robert will first have to develop what type of plan? a.operational b. specific c.directional d. strategic (d) A-Z Planning (Scenario) Organizations ABC and XYZ are both in the same industry and vie for the same set of customers in the marketplace. At ABC, the pla

39、ns are made at the top level of management each year and then are formulated for and announced to each of the mid-level and first-level managers. At XYZ, the plans are made at the top, and then those managers meet with their subordinates at the next level and mutually agreed-to goals are established

40、 with them. The mid-level managers then meet with their first-level managers and mutually agreed-to goals are established with them. Finally, the first-level managers meet with each of their employees and mutually agreed-to goals are established with them. 31. The planning approach used at the ABC o

41、rganization is _. a.management by objectives b. directional planning c.specific planning d. traditional planning (d) 32. Assuming XYZs hierarchy of goals is clearly defined, the result is _. a.unity of command b. a means-end chain c.management by objectives d. formal planning department (b, P150) 33

42、. XYZ also follows a management by objectives (MBO) approach to goal setting. The managers and employees specify and agree upon _, which define how objectives are to be achieved. a.action plans b. periodic reviews c.performance-based rewards d. objectives and strategies (a) 34. Which organization is more likely to have higher employee performance and organizati