2011年6月英语四级真题及答案（含解析）

12011年6月大学英语四级真题PARTIWRITING30MINUTESDIRECTIONSFORTHISPART,YOUAREALLOWED30MINUTESTOWRITEASHORTESSAYONTHETOPICOFONLINESHOPPINGYOUSHOULDWRITEATLEAST120WORDSFOLLOWINGTHEOUTLINEGIVENBELOW1现在网上购物已成为一种时尚2网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题3我的建议ONLINESHOPPING注意此部分试题在答题卡1上。PARTIIREADINGCOMPREHENSIONSKIMMINGANDSCANNING15MINUTESDIRECTIONSINTHISPART,YOUWILLHAVE15MINUTESTOGOOVERTHEPASSAGEQUICKLYANDANSWERTHEQUESTIONSONANSWERSHEET1FORQUESTIONS17,CHOOSETHEBESTANSWERFROMTHEFOURCHOICESMARKEDA,B,CANDDFORQUESTIONS810,COMPLETETHESENTENCESWITHTHEINFORMATIONGIVENINTHEPASSAGEBRITISHCUISINETHEBESTOFOLDANDNEWBRITISHCUISINE烹饪HASCOMEOFAGEINRECENTYEARSASCHEFS厨师COMBINETHEBESTOFOLDANDNEWWHYDOESBRITISHFOODHAVEAREPUTATIONFORBEINGSOBADBECAUSEITISBADTHOSEARENOTTHEMOSTENCOURAGINGWORDSTOHEARJUSTBEFOREEATINGLUNCHATONEOFHONGKONG'SSMARTESTBRITISHRESTAURANTS,ALFIE'SBYKEE,BUTHEADCHEFNEILTOMESHASMORETOSAY“THEPAST15YEARSORSOHAVEBEENANOTICEABLEPERIODOFIMPROVEMENTFORFOODINENGLAND,“THEENGLISHCHEFSAYS,CITINGTHETRENDINBRITISHCUISINEFORBETTERINGREDIENTS,PREPARATIONANDCOOKINGMETHODS,ANDMOREAPPEALINGPRESENTATIONCHEFSSUCHASDELIASMITH,NIGELSLATER,JAMIEOLIVERANDGORDONRAMSAYMADETHEPUBLICREALISETHATCOOKINGANDEATINGDIDN'THAVETOBEABORINGTHINGANDNOW,MOSTOFTHEBRITISHPUBLICISFAMILIAREVENWITHTHEEXTREMESOFHESTONBLUMENTHAPSMOLECULARGASTRONOMY,AFORMOFCOOKINGTHATEMPLOYSSCIENTIFICMETHODSTOCREATETHEPERFECTDISH“IT'SNOLONGERTHECASETHATTHECOMMONMANINENGLANDISEMBARRASSEDTOSHOWHEKNOWSABOUTFOOD,“TOMESSAYSTHEREWASPLENTYOFROOMFORIMPROVEMENTTHEPROBLEMSWITHTHENATION'SCUISINECANBETRACEDBACKTOTHESECONDWORLDWARBEFORETHEWAR,MUCHOFBRITAIN'SFOODWASIMPORTEDANDWHENGERMANUBOATSBEGANATTACKINGSHIPSBRINGINGFOODTOTHECOUNTRY,BRITAINWENTONRATIONS配给“ASRATIONINGCAMETOANENDINTHE1950S,TECHNOLOGYPICKEDUPANDWASUSEDTOMASSPRODUCEFOOD,“TOMESSAYS“ANDBYTHENPEOPLEWEREJUSTHAPPYTOHAVEADECENTQUANTITYOFFOODINTHEIRKITCHENS“THEYWEREN'TLOOKINGFORCUREDMEATS,ORGANICPRODUCEORBEAUTIFULPRESENTATIONTHEYWERELOOKINGFORWHATEVERTHEYCOULDGETTHEIRHANDSON,ANDTHISPRIORITISATIONOFQUANTITYOVERQUALITYPREVAILEDFORDECADES,MEANINGAGENERATIONWASBROUGHTUPWITHFOODTHATCOULDN'TCOMPETEWITHNEIGHBOURINGFRANCE,ITALY,BELGIUMORSPAINBEFORESTARCHEFSSUCHASOLIVERBEGANMAKINGCOOKINGFASHIONABLE,ITWASHARDTOFINDARESTAURANTINLONDONTHATWASOPENAFTER9PMBUTINRECENTYEARSTHECAPITAL'SCULINARY烹饪的SCENEHASDEVELOPEDTOTHEPOINTTHATITISNOWCONFIDENTOFITSABILITYTOPLEASETHETASTESOFANYINTERNATIONALVISITORWITHTHEOPENINGOFALFIE'SINAPRIL,ANDOTHERSSUCHASTHEPAWN,TWOYEARSAGO,MODERNBRITISHFOODHASMADEITSWAYTOHONGKONG“WITHBRITISHFOOD,ITHINKTHATHONGKONG2RESTAURANTSAREKEEPINGUP,“SAYSDAVIDTAMLYN,THEWELSHEXECUTIVECHEFATTHEPAWNINWANCHAI“HONGKONGDINERSAREEXTREMELYRESPONSIVETONEWIDEASORPRESENTATIONS,WHICHISGOODNEWSFORNEWDISHES“CHEFSAGREETHATDINERSINHONGKONGAREEMBRACINGTHEMODERNBRITISHTRENDSOMERESTAURANTSAREMODIFYINGTHERECIPES菜谱OFBRITISHDISHESTOBREATHENEWLIFEINTOTHECLASSICS,WHILEOTHERSAREUSINGBETTERQUALITYINGREDIENTSBUTREMAININGTRUETOBRITISHTRADITIONSANDTASTESTAMLYNISINTHESECONDCAMP“WESELECTOURFOODVERYPARTICULARLYWEUSEUSBEEF,NEWZEALANDLAMBANDFOROURCUSTARDS牛奶蛋糊WEUSEBIRD'SCUSTARDPOWDER,“TAMLYNSAYS“SOMERESTAURANTSGOFORCUSTARDMADEFRESHWITHEGGS,SUGARANDCREAM,BUTBRITISHCUSTARDISDIFFERENT,ANDWESTAYTRUETOTHAT“MATTHEWHILL,SENIORMANAGERATTHETWOYEAROLDSOHORESTAURANTYORKSHIREPUDDING,ALSOUSESBETTERINGREDIENTSASAMEANSOFIMPROVINGDISHES“THEREAREALOTOFEXISTINGPERCEPTIONSABOUTBRITISHFOODANDSOWECAN'TALTERTHESETOOMUCHWE'REATRADITIONALBRITISHRESTAURANTSOTHEREARESOMESTAPLES主菜THATWILLREMAINESSENTIALLYUNCHANGED“THESETRADITIONALDISHESINCLUDEFISHANDCHIPS,STEAKANDKIDNEYPIEANDLARGEPIECESOFROASTEDMEATSATALFIE'S,THENEWESTOFTHEBRITISHRESTAURANTSINTOWNANDPERHAPSTHEMOSTGENTLEMEN'SCLUBLIKEINDESIGN,NEILTOMESEXPLAINSHISPASSIONFORPROVENANCE原产地“BRITAINHASSTARTEDTOBECOMEREALLYPROUDOFTHEFOODIT'SPRODUCINGITHASEXCELLENTORGANICFARMS,BEAUTIFULLYCRAFTEDCHEESES,HIGHQUALITYMEATS“HOWEVER,THEBRITISHDON'THAVEAHISTORYOFEXPORTINGTHEIRFOODSTUFFS,WHICHMAKESITDIFFICULTFORRESTAURANTSINHONGKONGTOSOURCEAUTHENTICINGREDIENTS“WECANGETALOTOFOURINGREDIENTSONCEAWEEKFROMTHEUK,“TAMLYNEXPLAINS“BUTTHEREISALSOPRESSURETOBUYLOCALANDSAVEONFOODMILES,WHICHMEANSWETAKEOURVEGETABLESFROMTHELOCALMARKETS,ANDTHEREAREALOTTHATWORKWELLWITHBRITISHSTAPLES“THEPHOENIX,INMIDLEVELS,OFFERSTHEWIDESTINTERPRETATIONOF“BRITISHCUISINE“,WHILESTILLTRYINGTOMAINTAINITSSOULTHEGASTROPUBHASEXISTEDINVARIOUSLOCATIONSINHONGKONGSINCE2002SINGAPOREANHEADCHEFTOMMYTEHKUMCHAIOFFERSDAILYSPECIALSONABLACKBOARD,RATHERTHANSTICKINGTOAMENUTHISENABLESHIMTOREINTERPRETBRITISHCUISINEDEPENDINGONWHATISAVAILABLEINTHELOCALMARKETS“WEUSEALOTOFINGREDIENTSTHATPEOPLEWOULDN'TPERHAPSASSOCIATEASBRITISH,BUTAREPRESENTEDINABRITISHWAYBELLPEPPERSSTUFFEDWITHCOUSCOUS,ALONGSIDERATATOUILLE,ISAVERYPOPULARDISH“ALTHOUGHTHEINGREDIENTSMAYNOTSTRIKEDINERSASBEINGTRADITIONAL,THEYCANBEFOUNDINDISHESACROSSBRITAINEVENTHETRADITIONALCHEFSAREAWAREOFTHENEEDTOADAPTTOLOCALTASTESANDCUSTOMS,WHILEMAINTAININGTHEBRITISHNESSOFTHEIRCUISINEATYORKSHIREPUDDING,HILLSAYSTHATHISSTAFFASKSDINERSWHETHERTHEYWOULDLIKETOSHARETHEIRMEALSSMALLDISHES,SHAREDMEALSAND“MIXINGITUP“ISNOTSOMETHINGCOMMONLYDONEINBRITAIN,BUTYORKSHIREPUDDINGWILLBRINGFULLDISHESTOTHETABLEANDOFFERINDIVIDUALPLATESFOREACHDINER“THATWAY,PEOPLESTILLGETTHEPRESENTATIONOFTHEDISHESASTHEYWEREDESIGNED,BUTCANCARVETHEMUPHOWEVERTHEYLIKE,“HILLSAYSTHISPRACTICEISALSOPOPULARATTHEPAWN,ALTHOUGHLARGELYFORROTISSERIES烤肉馆,TAMLYNSAYS“SOMETABLESWILLARRIVEONASUNDAY,ORDERAWHOLECHICKENANDASHOULDEROFLAMBORABABYPIG,ANDJUSTSTAYFORHOURSENJOYINGEVERYTHINGWEBRINGOUTFORTHEM“SOMEBRITISHTRADITIONSARETOOSACRED神圣的TOMESSWITH,HOWEVER,TOMESSAYS“I'DNEVERCHANGEAFULLENGLISHBREAKFAST“注意此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1WHATISBRITISHFOODGENERALLYKNOWNFORAITSUNIQUEFLAVOURCITSSPECIALCOOKINGMETHODSBITSBADTASTEDITSORGANICINGREDIENTS32THESECONDWORLDWARLEDTO_INBRITAINAANINADEQUATESUPPLYOFFOODCANINCREASEINFOODIMPORTBADECREASEOFGRAINPRODUCTIONDACHANGEINPEOPLE'SEATINGHABITS3WHYCOULDN'TBRITAINCOMPETEWITHSOMEOFITSNEIGHBOURINGCOUNTRIESINTERMSOFFOODINTHEPOSTWARDECADESAITSFOODLACKEDVARIETYCITWASSHORTOFWELLTRAINEDCHEFSBITSPEOPLECAREDMOREFORQUANTITYDITDIDN'THAVEFLAVOURFULFOODINGREDIENTS4WITHCULINARYIMPROVEMENTINRECENTYEARS,LONDON'SRESTAURANTSARENOWABLETOAPPEALTOTHETASTESOF_AMOSTYOUNGPEOPLECALLKINDSOFOVERSEASVISITORSBELDERLYBRITISHDINERSDUPPERCLASSCUSTOMERS5WHATDOHONGKONGDINERSWELCOME,ACCORDINGTOWELSHEXECUTIVECHEFDAVIDTAMLYNAAUTHENTICCLASSICCUISINECNEWIDEASANDPRESENTATIONSBLOCALLYPRODUCEDINGREDIENTSDTHERETURNOFHOMESTYLEDISHES6WHILEUSINGQUALITYINGREDIENTS,DAVIDTAMLYNINSISTSTHATTHEDISHESSHOULD_ABENEFITPEOPLE'SHEALTHCBEOFFEREDATREASONABLEPRICESBLOOKBEAUTIFULANDINVITINGDMAINTAINBRITISHTRADITIONALTASTES7WHYDOESNEILTOMESSAYHELOVESFOODINGREDIENTSFROMBRITAINATHEYAPPEALTOPEOPLEFROMALLOVERTHEWORLDBTHEYAREPRODUCEDONEXCELLENTORGANICFARMSCTHEYAREPROCESSEDINASCIENTIFICWAYDTHEYCOMEINAGREATVARIETY8TAMLYNSAYSTHATBESIDESIMPORTINGINGREDIENTSFROMBRITAINONCEAWEEK,HISRESTAURANTALSOBUYSVEGETABLESFROM_9THEPHOENIXINMIDLEVELSMAYNOTUSEBRITISHINGREDIENTS,BUTPRESENTSITSDISHES_10YORKSHIREPUDDINGISARESTAURANTWHICHWILLBRINGFULLDISHESTOTHETABLEBUTOFFERPLATESTOTHOSEDINERSWHOWOULDLIKETO_PARTIIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION35MINUTESSECTIONADIRECTIONSINTHISSECTION,YOUWILLHEAR8SHORTCONVERSATIONSAND2LONGCONVERSATIONSATTHEENDOFEACHCONVERSATION,ONEORMOREQUESTIONSWILLBEASKEDABOUTWHATWASSAIDBOTHTHECONVERSATIONANDTHEQUESTIONSWILLBESPOKENONLYONCEAFTEREACHQUESTIONTHEREWILLBEAPAUSEDURINGTHEPAUSE,YOUMUSTREADTHEFOURCHOICESMARKEDA,B,CANDD,ANDDECIDEWHICHISTHEBESTANSWERTHENMARKTHECORRESPONDINGLETTERONANSWERSHEET2WITHASINGLELINETHROUGHTHECENTRE注意此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。11AHEISCARELESSABOUTHISAPPEARANCEBHEISASHAMEDOFHISPRESENTCONDITIONCHECHANGESJOBSFREQUENTLYDHESHAVESEVERYOTHERDAY12AJANEMAYBECAUGHTINATRAFFICJAMBJANESHOULDHAVESTARTEDALITTLEEARLIERCHEKNOWSWHATSORTOFPERSONJANEISDHEISIRRITATEDATHAVINGTOWAITFORJANE13ATRAININGFORTHEMIDATLANTICCHAMPIONSHIPSBMAKINGPREPARATIONSFORATRANSATLANTICTRIPCCOLLECTINGINFORMATIONABOUTBASEBALLGAMESDANALYZINGTHEIRRIVALS'ONFIELDPERFORMANCE14AHEHADANARROWESCAPEINACARACCIDENT4BHEISHOSPITALIZEDFORASERIOUSINJURYCHELOSTHISMOTHERTWOWEEKSAGODHEHASBEENHAVINGAHARDTIME15ATHEWOMANHASKNOWNTHESPEAKERFORALONGTIMEBTHEMANHADDIFFICULTYUNDERSTANDINGTHELECTURECTHEMANISMAKINGAFUSSABOUTNOTHINGDTHEWOMANTHINKSHIGHLYOFTHESPEAKER16AHEHASDIFFICULTYMAKINGSENSEOFLOGICBSTATISTICSANDLOGICAREBOTHCHALLENGINGSUBJECTSCTHEWOMANSHOULDSEEKHELPFROMTHETUTORINGSERVICEDTUTORINGSERVICESAREVERYPOPULARWITHSTUDENTS17AHEROVERCOATISASSTYLISHASJILL'SCJILLWORETHEOVERCOATLASTWEEKBJILLMISSEDHERCLASSLASTWEEKDSHEISINTHESAMECLASSASTHEMAN18AACOMPUTERGAMECANEXCITINGEXPERIENCEBANIMAGINARYSITUATIONDAVACATIONBYTHESEAQUESTIONS19TO21AREBASEDONTHECONVERSATIONYOUHAVEJUSTHEARD19ABEAUTIFULSCENERYINTHECOUNTRYSIDECPAINANDPLEASUREINSPORTSBDANGERSOFCROSSCOUNTRYSKIINGDASPORTHEPARTICIPATESIN20AHECAN'TFINDGOODEXAMPLESTOILLUSTRATEHISPOINTBHECAN'TFINDAPEACEFULPLACETODOTHEASSIGNMENTCHEDOESN'TKNOWHOWTODESCRIBETHEBEAUTIFULCOUNTRYSCENERYDHECAN'TDECIDEWHETHERTOINCLUDETHEEFFORTPARTOFSKIING21ANEWIDEASCOMEUPASYOUWRITEBMUCHTIMEISSPENTONCOLLECTINGDATACALOTOFEFFORTISMADEINVAINDTHEWRITER'SPOINTOFVIEWOFTENCHANGESQUESTIONS22TO25AREBASEDONTHECONVERSATIONYOUHAVEJUSTHEARD22AJOURNALISTOFALOCALNEWSPAPERBDIRECTOROFEVENINGRADIOPROGRAMSCPRODUCEROFTELEVISIONCOMMERCIALSDHOSTESSOFTHEWEEKLY“BUSINESSWORLD“23AHERANTHREERESTAURANTSWITHHISWIFE'SHELPBHEANDHISWIFEDIDEVERYTHINGBYTHEMSELVESCHEWORKEDBOTHASACOOKANDAWAITERDHEHIREDACOOKANDTWOLOCALWAITRESSES24AHEHARDLYNEEDSTODOANYADVERTISINGNOWADAYSBHEADVERTISESALOTONRADIOANDINNEWSPAPERSCHESPENDSHUGESUMSONTVCOMMERCIALSEVERYYEARDHEHIRESCHILDRENTODISTRIBUTEADSINSHOPPINGCENTERS25ATHERESTAURANTLOCATIONCTHEFOODVARIETYBTHERESTAURANTATMOSPHEREDTHEFOODPRICESECTIONBDIRECTIONSINTHISSECTION,YOUWILLHEAR3SHORTPASSAGESATTHEENDOFEACHPASSAGE,YOUWILLHEARSOMEQUESTIONSBOTHTHEPASSAGEANDTHEQUESTIONSWILLBESPOKENONLYONCEAFTERYOUHEARAQUESTION,YOUMUSTCHOOSETHEBESTANSWERFROMTHEFOURCHOICESMARKEDA,B,CANDDTHENMARKTHECORRESPONDINGLETTERONANSWERSHEET2WITHASINGLELINETHROUGHTHECENTRE注意此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。5PASSAGEONEQUESTIONS26TO28AREBASEDONTHEPASSAGEYOUHAVEJUSTHEARD26AITSPROTECTIONISOFTENNEGLECTEDBYCHILDRENBITCANNOTBEFULLYRESTOREDONCEDAMAGEDCTH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LIKELIHOOD可能性OFCONFLICTRECENTREPORTSFOUNDTHATLODGINGWITHASTUDENTOFADIFFERENTRACEMAYDECREASEPREJUDICEANDCOMPELSTUDENTSTOENGAGEINMOREETHNICALLYDIVERSEFRIENDSHIPSANOHIOSTATEUNIVERSITYSTUDYALSOFOUNDTHATBLACKSTUDENTSLIVINGWITHAWHITEROOMMATESAWHIGHERACADEMICSUCCESSTHROUGHOUTTHEIRCOLLEGECAREERSRESEARCHERSBELIEVETHISMAYBECAUSEDBYSOCIALPRESSUREINANEWYORKTIMESARTICLE,SAMBOAKYETHEONLYBLACKSTUDENTONHISFRESHMANYEARFLOORSAIDTHAT“IFYOU'RESURROUNDEDBYWHITES,YOUHAVESOMETHINGTOPROVE“RESEARCHERSALSOOBSERVEDPROBLEMSRESULTINGFROMPAIRINGINTERRACIALSTUDENTSINRESIDENCESACCORDINGTOTWORECENTSTUDIES,RANDOMLYASSIGNEDROOMMATESOFDIFFERENTRACESAREMORELIKELYTOEXPERIENCECONFLICTSSOSTRAINEDTHATONEROOMMATEWILLMOVEOUTANINDIANAUNIVERSITYSTUDYFOUNDTHATINTERRACIALROOMMATESWERETHREETIMESASLIKELYASTWOWHITEROOMMATESTONOLONGERLIVETOGETHERBYTHEENDOFTHESEMESTERGRACEKAO,APROFESSORATPENNSAIDSHEWASNOTSURPRISEDBYTHEFINDINGS“THISMAYBETHEFIRSTTIMETHATSOMEOFTHESESTUDENTSHAVEINTERACTED,ANDLIVED,WITHSOMEONEOFADIFFERENTRACE,“SHESAIDATPENN,STUDENTSARENOTASKEDTOINDICATERACEWHENAPPLYINGFORHOUSING“ONEOFTHEGREATTHINGSABOUTFRESHMANHOUSINGISTHAT,WITHSOMEEXCEPTIONS,THEPROCESSTHROWSYOUTOGETHERRANDOMLY,“SAIDUNDERGRADUATEASSEMBLYCHAIRMANALECWEBLEY“THISISTHEDEFINITIONOFINTEGRATION“I'VEEXPERIENCEDROOMMATECONFLICTSBETWEENINTERRACIALSTUDENTSTHATHAVEBOTHBROKENDOWNSTEREOTYPESANDREINFORCEDSTEREOTYPES,“SAIDONEPENNRESIDENTADVISORRATHERAOFTWOYEARSADDEDTHATWHILESOMECONFLICTS“PROVIDEDMOREMULTICULTURALACCEPTANCEANDMELDING融合,“THEREWEREALSO“JARRINGCULTURALCONFRONTATIONS“THERASAIDTHATTHESECONFLICTSHAVEALSOOCCURREDAMONGROOMMATESOFTHESAMERACEKAOSAIDSHECAUTIONSAGAINSTFORMINGANYGENERALIZATIONSBASEDONANYONEOFTHESTUDIES,NOTINGTHATMOREBACKGROUNDCHARACTERISTICSOFTHESTUDENTSNEEDTOBESTUDIEDANDEXPLAINED注意此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。57WHATCANWELEARNFROMSOMERECENTSTUDIESACONFLICTSBETWEENSTUDENTSOFDIFFERENTRACESAREUNAVOIDABLEBSTUDENTSOFDIFFERENTRACESAREPREJUDICEDAGAINSTEACHOTHERCINTERRACIALLODGINGDOESMOREHARMTHANGOODDINTERRACIALLODGINGMAYHAVEDIVERSEOUTCOMES58WHATDOESSAMBOAKYE'SREMARKMEAN8AWHITESTUDENTSTENDTOLOOKDOWNUPONTHEIRBLACKPEERSBBLACKSTUDENTSCANCOMPETEWITHTHEIRWHITEPEERSACADEMICALLYCBLACKSTUDENTSFEELSOMEWHATEMBARRASSEDAMONGWHITEPEERSDURINGTHEFRESHMANYEARDBEINGSURROUNDEDBYWHITEPEERSMOTIVATESABLACKSTUDENTTOWORKHARDERTOSUCCEED59WHATDOESTHEINDIANAUNIVERSITYSTUDYSHOWAINTERRACIALROOMMATESAREMORELIKELYTOFALLOUTBFEWWHITESTUDENTSLIKESHARINGAROOMWITHABLACKPEERCROOMMATESOFDIFFERENTRACESJUSTDON'TGETALONGDASSIGNINGSTUDENTS'LODGINGRANDOMLYISNOTAGOODPOLICY60WHATDOESALECWEBLEYCONSIDERTOBETHE“DEFINITIONOFINTEGRATION“ASTUDENTSOFDIFFERENTRACESAREREQUIREDTOSHAREAROOMBINTERRACIALLODGINGISARRANGEDBYTHESCHOOLFORFRESHMENCLODGINGISASSIGNEDTOSTUDENTSOFDIFFERENTRACESWITHOUTEXCEPTIONDTHESCHOOLRANDOMLYASSIGNSROOMMATESWITHOUTREGARDTORACE61WHATDOESGRACEKAOSAYABOUTINTERRACIALLODGINGAITISUNSCI