吉林省通化市2014高考英语最后冲刺 阅读理解练习(1).doc

吉林省通化市2014高考英语最后冲刺 阅读理解练习5In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources (资源), the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的) ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources. Today, sustainable development is a popular trend in many countries. According to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decade. China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution. It is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains. In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil (棕榈油), which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest. In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%. Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions (排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy. Besides, stronger management of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development. Finally, governments can avoid the huge public expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from the traditional model to a sustainable one. The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of a growing population within the limits of this single planet. That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries. 1. The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that.A. it makes the world warmerB. it consumes natural resourcesC. it brings severe damage to forestsD. it makes growth hard to continue2. What can we infer from Paragraph 2? A. China lacks wind and solar energy.B. China is the leader of the low-carbon market.2C. High-speed trains are a low-carbon development.D. Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests.3. To fully develop the low-carbon markets, governments can.A. cut public expensesB. forbid carbon emissionsC. develop public resourcesD. encourage energy conservation4. We can learn from the last paragraph that businesses have many chances to.A. develop sustainable productsB. explore new natural resourcesC. make full use of natural resourcesD. deal with the major challenge5. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce a new business model.B. To compare two business models.C. To predict a change of the global market.D. To advocate sustainable development.【参考答案】72.1-5 BCDAD 史地自然型阅读理解(二)-AIf you are afraid of the dark，its not a big deal.Its perfectly normal to feel afraid. After all，animals do, too. “Fear matters，”says Karen Warkentin，an ecologist.“Its a good thing，” she adds, “because fear makes you do things that keep you alive.”Like kids，many animals experience fear and they respond to the feeling in variety of ways.A frightened turtle pulls its head and legs inside its shell.A small fish will swim away when a big，hungry fish approaches.Some animals respond to fear in ways you might not expect.The first example is that the fear of being eaten can scare some frogs right out of their eggs. Warkentin made the surprising discovery while studying redeyed tree frogs in Costa Rica.In this species，female frogs attach jellylike clumps(果冻一样的块状物)of their eggs to the undersides of leaves.The leaves hang on branches that dangle(悬挂)over ponds.After they hatch from the eggs，the tadpoles(蝌蚪)then fall into the water，where they eventually grow into adult frogs.Tree frog eggs usually grow for 6 days before hatching.If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack，however，they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of the schedule. As the snakes are unable to swim，by falling into the water early，the tadpoles can escape.If hatching early helps protect redeyed tree frogs from snakes，you might wonder why their eggs dont always hatch sooner.It turns out that hatching early brings its own danger.Once tadpoles land in the water，hungry fish and other animals like to eat them, too.Staying in their eggs for full 6 days，then，allows frog embryos(胚胎)to grow big and strong.This extra growth improves their chances of surviving in the water.1. It can be inferred from the passage that fears_Ahelp animals grow bigger and strongerBare less common among young animalsChelp animals move a lot to fit the environmentDare more or less important in order for animals to survive2. We are told in the passage that tree frogs_Aface danger both inside their eggs and in the waterBwill grow fast if they fall into the water laterCare surprisingly clever when inside their eggsDstay in their eggs longer if they are frightened3. Why do the tadpoles hatch up to 2 days ahead of the schedule？Because_Athey like falling into the water earlyBthey want to grow into adult frogsCthey sense a hungry snake is about to attackDfrog embryos can grow strong4. What is the best title of the passage?AWhat is fearBWhy do we feel afraid?CYou feel afraid，and animals do, tooDFear is a good thing5. What do you think would be discussed in the following paragraph?AFurther explanations as to why tree frogs hatch ahead of the schedule.BHow the unborn frogs know when a snake is about to attack them.CAnother example of animals that respond to fear in an unexpected way.DHow tree frogs improve their chances of survival before falling into the water.【参考答案解析】A【要点综述】 恐惧是人类和动物常见的一种现象，恐惧是一件好事。动物对于恐惧的反应是不同的，有些反应方式甚至超乎你的想象。1D根据第一段“because fear makes you do things that keep you alive.”可知D项正确。2A根据第五段的“If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack，however，they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of the schedule.”和第六段的“Once tadpoles land in the water，hungry fish and other animals like to eat them, too.”可知，它们在孵化期间害怕蛇的攻击，在水里害怕其他动物把蝌蚪吃掉。故选A项。3C根据第五段“If they sense that a hungry snake is about to attack，however，they can hatch up to 2 days ahead of the schedule.As the snakes are unable to swim，by falling into the water early，the tadpoles can escape.”可知，因为对它们有威胁的蛇不会游泳，所以提前孵化出来，掉到水里，蝌蚪就能够逃脱蛇的攻击了。故选C项。4D根据第一段“Fear matters”和“Its a good thing”，可知，害怕是一件好事。故选D项。5C根据第三段“Some animals respond to fear in ways you might not expect.The first example is that the fear of being eaten can scare some frogs right out of their eggs.”可知，既然这是举例，有了第一个例子，那么它的后面肯定还有例子。故选C项。史地自然型阅读理解(一)-BThat the Leaning Tower of Pisa no longer leans quite so much after a 20 million project to save it has proved to be a great success. The tower, which was on the edge of collapse, has been straightened by 18 inches, returning it to its 1838 position. “It has straightened a little bit more than we expected, but very little helps，”said Prof. John Burland, the only British member of the rescue committee. “The tower is still very slightly moving towards being upright. ”The tower, which has been leaning almost since building work first began in 1173, was closed to the public in 1990 because of safety fears. The 183foot tower was nearly 15 feet off vertical and its structure was found to have been weakened by centuries of strain(作用力). Prof. Burland said it could have collapsed “at any moment”. However, it took nine years of quarrelling before any work was done. The last attempt at straightening the tower was carried out. Concrete(混凝土) was poured into the foundations, but the result was that the tower sank further into the soil. The straightening work involved digging out around 70 tonnes of earth from the northern side of the tower, causing it to sink on that side. Before the digging started, the tower was fixed with steel ropes and 600 tonnes of lead weights. However, halfway through the project, concerns at the ugliness of the weights led to their removal and the tower leaned greatly. The weights were hurriedly reattached. One night, the tower moved more than it had averaged in an entire year. The towers stonework has also been restored. The Italian government stepped in after a tower collapsed in Pavia in 1989, killing four people. Experts suddenly realized that the tower at Pisa, which was similarly built and on the same sort of earth, could do the same.1. What would be the best title for the passage?AThe building of the Leaning Tower of PisaBSaving the Leaning Tower of PisaCThe collapse of the Leaning Tower of PisaDThe history of the Leaning Tower of Pisa2. According to the passage, the Leaning Tower of Pisa _Aclosed for the straightening work in 1990Bbegan to lean more than 800 years agoChas a history of more than 1, 000 yearsDhas become vertical3. What drove the Italian government to save the Leaning Tower of Pisa?AThe development of new technology.BThe advice of Prof. John Burland.CThe expectation of the rescue committee.DThe collapse of a tower in Pavia. 4. What most probably played the most important part in straightening the tower?AThe lead weights fixed to the tower.BRestoring the stonework.CPouring concrete into the foundations.DDigging earth from the southern side of the tower. 5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?AThe position of the tower has been restored to what it was 172 years ago.BHundreds of years of strain has weakened the towers structure.CThe tower doesnt lean any more after the straightening work finished.DPeople spent nine years in discussing about the straightening work. 【参考答案解析】B【要点综述】 本文主要讲述了比萨斜塔的倾斜历史及政府为此做出的努力。1B文章第一段就提到“has proved to be a great success.”，并且下文也是围绕拯救比萨斜塔进行阐述的。2B第三段第一句提到比萨斜塔自1173年建立(至今已有800多年的历史)时就开始倾斜。3D文章最后一段提到“The Italian government stepped in after a tower collapsed in Pavia in 1989”，说明正是另一个地方的塔的倒塌才使政府意识到拯救比萨斜塔的迫切性，故答案为D。4A文章第六段提到把lead weights移走后，导致塔又有很大的倾斜，这正说明lead weights所起的作用。5C从第一段第一句“no longer leans quite so much”可知C项与文章内容不符。从第一段最后一句“塔被扶正18英寸后，恢复到了它1838年时的位置”，即172年前的样子，可推知A项符合文章内容；从第三段最后一句可知B项符合文章内容；从第四段第二句可知D项符合文章内容。史地自然型阅读理解(一)-CToday, one can trace Venices rich past from its buildings. Most cities can claim at least a handful of outstanding churches, palaces or houses of historical interest, but in Venice very nearly everything is remarkable, from the magnificent Piazza San Marco (St. Marks Square ) and the palaces that line the Grand Canal to the centuriesold homes of simple fishermen. It would be easy to say that the city itself is an enormous museum if it were not for the fact it is so obviously alive.At first sight, Venice looks unbelievably permanent, an apparently complete Renaissance (文艺复兴) city so untouched by time that there seems no reason why it should not go on forever. Now the city is slowly sinking, as the clay on which it is built loses its elasticity (弹性) and the massive wooden piles rot (腐烂) away. Flooding, such a rare occurrence a hundred years ago now happens several times each winter.The damage caused by the flooding is immense, and the fabric of the ancient buildings is now being further damaged by pollution from the mainland town as well as by the wash produced by the constantly increasing number of motor boats that speed up and down the canals.A further threat to Venice comes from the Venetians themselves, some of whom are not particularly interested in preserving the city as one of the wonders of the world and would prefer to see it modernized.“What better place is there for the meeting of dear friends? See how it glows with the advancing summer; how the sky and the sea and the rosy air and the marble of the palaces all glimmer and melt together.” Thus wrote the famous author Henry James, of Venice, which provided the setting for his story The Aspern Papers, in the nineteenth century. The Splendor of Venice has captured the imagination of artists for centuriesand not just of the great painters and novelists. How tragic now that she is faced with the double threat of man and nature. Venice indeed will be lucky to survive.1Venice proudly boasts _Aits beautiful churches, palaces and houses Bits unique St. Marks Square and the Grand Canal Cits picturesque waterscape Dits marvelous ancient buildings2The writer thinks that _ AVenice can be regarded as a big museum BVenice is no longer a big museum CVenice is different from a big museum DVenice can never be a big museum because of its modernization3How do the motor boats endanger the buildings?AThey produce violent movements of wa