形容词比较级与最高级.doc

形容词的比较级和最高级比较级/最高级变化规则：1、规则变化:(1) 单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。情况构成方法原级比较级最高级一般情况加-er或-estnewlongnewerlongernewestlongest以不发音e 结尾的词 加-r或-stfinelatefinerlaterfinestlatest以“辅音+y” 结尾的词变y为i再加-er 或-estearlyhappyearlierhappierearliesthappiest重读闭音节先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-esthotthinhotterthinnerhottestthinnest (2) 两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more / most.原级比较级最高级 useful(有用的)more usefulmost useful difficult(困难的) more difficult most difficult delicious（美味的）more deliciousmost delicious2、不规则变化 (两好两坏两多一少一老一远)原级比较级最高级good好的better更好的best最好的well好；(身体)好的,bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地；(身体)更不舒服的worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地；(身体)最不舒服的ill(身体)不舒服的many许多的(可数)more更多的；更most最多的；最much许多的(不可数)；非常little少的less更少的least最少的far远的；远地farther更远的；更远地farthest最远的；最远地further进一步的(地)furthest最深刻的(地)(1) 形容词older/elder和oldest/eldest的用法区别：区别：elder与eldest主要用于表明长幼关系，通常用于人，只做定语不做表语，也不与than连用。This is my eldest son. 这是我的大儿子。His elder brother works in a clothing factory. 他哥哥在一家服装厂工作。(2) 形容词farther/further和farthest/furthest的用法区别：a) 表示距离时，四个词都可用。I can throw much farther/further than you. 我可以比你扔得更远。Whats the farthest/furthest distance youve ever run? 你跑过最远的距离是多少？b) 如果用于引申义，表“更进一步”、“更多”、“此外”等义，只能用further。如： Well further discuss it. 我们会进一步讨论它。 形容词原级用法1） A+ 谓语+ as+ adj/adv 原级+ as + B ：表示“A和B一样 ”eg: Tom is as tall as Bob./ He does his homework as carefully as Tom. A+ 谓语+（倍数）+ as+ adj/adv 原级+ as + B ：表示“A是B的几倍 ” This apple is threes times as big as that one. 这个苹果是那个苹果的三倍。A+ 谓语否定形式（not）+ as（so）+ adj/adv 原级+ as + B 表示“A不如B” 否定形式可用比较级进行句型转换。 Tom is not as/so tall as Bob.= Bob is taller than Tom.2） as soon as possible as soon as you can：尽可能地快；as well as和一样好 也，又比较级用法 1） 比较级+ than； eg: A horse is heavier than a sheep.Which/who is +（the）比较级，A or B?；eg: Which is the older, Tom or Bob?倍数+比较级+ than eg: This apple is threes times bigger than that one.2) 比较级 and 比较级（单音节词） 表示越来越more and more +原级（多音节词）eg: The tree grows taller and taller.Our environment is becoming more and more beautiful with our hard work. 3）The+ 比较级，the +比较级：表示“越越” eg: The more money you make，the more you spend.4）比较级 前可用much、even、far、a bit、a little 等来修饰；原级 前可用very、too、so、enough、rather、quite等修饰。 The girl is much more beautiful. The boy is much taller. (切记不能用more来修饰比较级，more本身的构成多音节形容词的比较级) The book is quite cheap.5)“the+比较级+of the two”表示“两者中比较” 如：He is the cleverer of the two boys.6) “比任何一个都” “形容词的比较级+than any other+单数名词”(范围内) 可以与最高级进行互换“形容词的比较级+ than any+单数名词”（范围外）如： He is taller than any other boy in his class=He is the tallest boy China is larger than any country in Africa. 中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。最高级用法1）the + 最高级+ 由of/ in构成的表示范围的介词短语 在最 I am the tallest of all the students in my class.2）one of the +最高级+名词复数 最之一 Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China. 3） the+序数词+最高级：表示某个范围内在第几位 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.注：形容词的最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，但当形容词最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰词时，则不用定冠词the。This is my busiest day. 这是我最忙的一天.课堂练习写出以下形容词与副词的比较级与最高级nice_； thick_；small_； fine_；hot_； heavy_；slowly_； carefully_；far_； little_beautiful_ careful_选择题1. Dont worry, sir. Im sure I can run _ to catch up with them.A. slowly enough B. enough slowly C. fast enough D. enough fast2. The text is very easy for you. There are _ new words in it.A. a few B. a little C. few D. little3. Its such an _ film that all the students are _ in it.A. interesting; interested B. interested; interestingC. interesting; interesting D. interested; interested4. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting _.A. more and more rich B. more rich and more rich C. richer and richer D. richer and richest5Which lesson is _, this one or that one?A. difficult B. much difficult C. more difficult D. the most difficult6. . A _ accident happened at 7:30 a.m. said the policeman _.A. serious, seriousB. seriously, seriouslyC. seriously, seriousD. serious, seriously7. In our city, it is _ in July, but it is even _ in August.A. hotter; hottest B. hot; hot C. hotter; hot D. hot; hotter8. India has the second _ population in the world.A. larger B. most C. smallest D. largest9.The cake smells _. Please throw it away.A. good B. badly C. bad D. well10. - What was the weather like yesterday? - It was terrible. It rained so _ that people could _ go out. A. hardlyhard B. hardly hardly C. hard hardly D. hard hard课后作业( ) 1. The earth is about_ as the moon.A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big( ) 2.Beijing is one of_ in China.A. the largest city B. the large cities C. the larger cities D. the largest cities ( ) 3. Your room is _ than mine.A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times( ) 4. English is one of_ spoken in the world.A. the important languages B. the most important languages C. most important language D. the most important language( ) 5. Maths is more popular than_.A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject( ) 6. China is larger than _ in Africa.A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country D. any country( ) 7. Tom is stronger than _ in his class.A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy( ) 8. When spring comes, it gets_.A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter( )9. Tom is one of _ boys in our class.A. tallest B. taller C. the tallest B. the tall( )10. The fifth orange is_ of all. Give it to that small child.A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest( )11. When spring comes the days get _ and nights _.A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer( )12.Which do you think tastes _, the chicken or the fish?A. good B. better C. best D. well( )13. Which is_country, China or Japan?A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest( ) 14. Which do you like _, tea or coffee?A. well B. better C. best D. most( ) 15. This work is _ for me than for you.A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult用所给词的正确形式填空1. The town is (clean)than it