初升高英语十大词类辅导课.doc

初升高英语辅导课英语十大词类英语中的词可以根据词义、语法功能和形式特征分为十大类，即名词(noun)、冠词(article)、数词(numeral)、代词(pronoun)、形容词(adjective)、副词(adverb)、动词(verb)、介词(preposition)、连词(conjunctions)和感叹词(interjection)。名词（n.） 表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词个体名词：boy, desk, cat, window可数名词 集体名词：family, class, police物质名词：water, paper, money不可数名词 抽象名词：work, happiness, music,专有名词：表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。如：Tom, the Great Wall 冠词 (art.) 定冠词：the不定冠词：a / an 零冠词数词 基数词 在英语中表示数目的词称为基数词。基数词：one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten序数词：first, second, third代词（pron.）代替名词, 兼有名词和形容词的作用 人称代词：he, she, you物主代词：my, his, her, your, mine, yours反身代词：myself, herself, himself相互代词 each other, one another指示代词 this, that, these, those不定代词everybody, somebody, anybody, nobody, everyone, someone, anyone, everything, anything, nothing疑问代词 who, whom whose, what ,which关系代词：who, whom, whose, that, which, as 不定代词(1) some/any-Your tea looks nice.-Its Puer Tea from Yunnan. Would you like ?A. any B. little C. few D. some (2)both, either, neither, all, none I invited my parents t spend Christmas with us, but of them came. A. none B. both C. either D. neither -Would you like apple or orange? - , thank you. Ive just had enough.A. Either B. Both C. Any D.NeitherLarry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but of them want to go, because they have work to do.（高考）A. either B. any C. neither D. noneSophia waited for a reply, but came.（高考）A. either B. another C. neither D. none-Can I have some milk for my coffee?-Im afraid there is left.A. nothing B. no one C. none D. neither(3)the other, the others, others, another -Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen, dear? - one?A. Other B. Every C. Another D. MoreIn order to keep awake, he finished a cup of coffee and then asked for .A. the other B. other C. the others D. another 选词填空He got two books-one is a textbook, is a novel/Some of the pencils are red, are yellow.Please give me ten minutes.There are two lions in the zoo. One is old and is young.There are three types of tiger living in China. Some live in America.(4)部分否定 Not all the students were late for the class. Not both of them want to got to the party. (5) it, one, ones, that, thoseI lost my old camera; this is a new . 我的旧相机丢了，这是一架新的Thispendoesntwork.Imustbuyanother .这支钢笔坏了。我要另买一支了。The weather here is too cold. I dont like . 这儿的天气太冷了，我不喜欢这儿的天气。TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthan ofGuangzhou.北京的天气比广州冷。These new English books are different from the old .The windows of your flat are cleaner than_of mine.形容词（adj.） 表示人和事物的特征，对名词起修饰和描绘作用 tall, short, beautiful, important形容词比较级和最高级副词（adv.） 表示动作特征或性状，主要修饰动词、形容词、副词及整个句子gratefully, calmly, carefully, politely, sadly介词 (prep.)at, in, on, for, to, from, about, of, by, with,连词(conj.)用来连接词与词或句与句（1）并列连词（用来连接平行的词、词组或分句）表并列关系：not onlybut also, neithernor, and表选择关系：or, eitheror表转折关系：but, while表因果关系：for, so（2）从属连词（用来引导从句）引导时间状语从句： after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as引导原因状语从句：because, as, since引导目的状语从句：so that, in order that引导结果状语从句：so that, sothat, suchthat引导比较状语从句：than, asas引导宾语从句：that, if, whether动词 (v.)动词表示主语的动作或状态及物动词vt：其后接宾语 eg. She wears a uniform.不及物动词vi：不接宾语 Eg:. She can dance.连系动词：接表语 eg. They are nurses.His mother looks young.That sounds interesting.助动词：它无实在意思,只起语法作用 do, does, did情态动词：接动词原形 can, shall, should, must, will, wouldExercise 1:一）根据对词类的概念的理解，指出下面单词的词类： 1 deep 2 finger 3 fly 4 papers 5 pass 6 refuse 7 size 8 myself 9 delicious 10 thick 11 town 12 map 13 myself 14 and 15 on 16 sheep 17 ship 18 mine 19 important 20 an 21 catch 22 first 23 laugh 24 third 25 leave 26 for 27 fly 28 home 29 round 30 sing 31 blind 32 but 33 eighth 34 about 35 bad 36 yours 37 child 38 against 39 ah 40 with 41 cinema 42 Tuesday 43 cheap 44 advice 45 two 46 they 47 able 48 if 49 say 50 quickly 二） 根据常见的后缀辨别下列单词的词性。 1. scientist 2. singer 3. conversation 4. beautiful 5. loudly 6. famous 7. government 8. dangerous 9. instruction 10. careful 11. lively 12. safeties 13. national 14. traditional 15. illnesses 16. wonderful 17. competitions 18. information 19. successful 20. natural 21. illnesses 22. lovely 23. really 24. friendly 三） 判断下列句子中划线单词的词性。 1. Mary dances well. 2. His father is reading. 3. Tom is looking for his watch. 4. He often plays violin after school. 5. Mr.