牛津英语模块三Unit1重点词语.doc

牛津英语模块三Unit 1 重点词语 单词讲解（上）Welcome to this unit & Reading 1. sense【点拨】n. 感觉；意义 vt. 感觉到 I had a sense of tiredness, so Id like a good rest.【拓展】 a sense of humor幽默感；have a good sense of direction有很强的方向感；a sixth sense第六感觉；make sense有意义/讲得通；lose ones sense失去理智；come to ones senses 恢复理智；There is no sense in doing sth做某事无意义；common sense 常识；in a sense在某种意义上来说；in no sense决不是/决非。 I dont think that group of numbers make any sense. He is in no sense the person as you describe.2. observe 【点拨】vi. 注意到; 观察到 Did you observe anybody take away my suitcase I left on the bench? He has been observing the newly-found star for several months.【拓展】（1）vt. 遵守；奉行（法律、习俗、规章等） All students are required to observe school rules. (2) vt.庆祝；纪念（节日、生日等） How are you going to observe your eighteenth birthday?3. deserted【点拨】adj. 丢弃的；空无一人的 They decided to spend the night in the deserted temple.【拓展】（1）desert vt. 抛弃；vi. 逃跑；开小差 He shouldnt have deserted his wife and children. (2) desert n. 沙漠 The Sahara Desert is the largest one all over the world.4. sight.【点拨】n. 视野；视觉；视力 Turn right and the museum will be in sight soon. I caught sight of a man putting his hand into a passengers pocket.【拓展】in sight看见；out of sight 看不见；catch sight of 看到；lose sight of看不到；at first sight一看见（就）; come in / into sight进入视野；lose ones sight 失明；the London sights伦敦风景。如： Out of sight, out of mind. （谚）久别情疏。 The solider is a fighting hero, who lost his sight in a battle.5. beat【点拨】vi. (心)跳动；vt.（反复）击打；打败（对手） I could feel my heart beating fast with fear. Bad luck! We were beaten in the football final!【拓展】beat sb to death将某人痛打致死；beat sb black and blue将某人打得鼻青脸肿；beat sb in the basketball match在篮球比赛中战胜某人；beat against the window（雨水等）打在窗上；beat about the bush 旁敲侧击；give sb a good beating痛打某人一顿；beat down杀价；dead beat累极了；beat ones brain 绞尽脑汁。 He was given a good beating for telling his father a lie.6. fear 【点拨】n.& vt 害怕；恐惧 Hearing the sudden thunder, the girl trembled with fear.【拓展】live in fear生活在恐惧中；put fear into ones heart 使某人恐慌；for fear of/that惟恐；tremble with fear怕得发抖；be overcome by fear感到害怕。 She kept silent over this matter for fear of losing her job.7. still【点拨】adj. 静止的；不动的 Please keep still so that I can take a photo of you. Still water runs deep. 【拓展】adv. 不动地；仍然；(修饰比较级)还要；更加 He stood still on top of the mountain, lost in thought. Li Tao is tall, but his brother is still taller. conj. 可是；仍然 Only Jim failed the exam, still he had done his best. vt.使平静 I did what I could to still my young brother.8. rare 【点拨】adj. 稀有的；罕见的 Law should be put in place to protect rare animals.【拓展】(1)adj. 煮得嫩的 rare steak 鲜嫩的牛排 （2）adj. 稀薄的 rare air稀薄的空气。（3）rarely adv.极少有地, Rarely do I eat in the restaurant alone. 9. freeze 【点拨】vt. &vi (使)僵住；（使）冻结 Water freezes when the temperature drops under 0 oC. 【拓展】freezing adj. 极冷的；be frozen with 因而呆住；freeze ones blood 使某人极其恐惧。 At the terrible noise, he was frozen with fear10. confidently【点拨】adv. 自信地；信心十足地 He went onto the stage confidently.【拓展】confident adj. 自信的；确信的 a confident smile自信的微笑； be / feel confident of.对感到自信；be confident that. 确信；self-confident adj.有自信心的；self-confidence n. 自信 We are confident of success in the next match. Self-confidence plays an important role in our studies.【巩固自测】I. 单项选择。1. I have read the material several times but it doesnt make any _ to me. A meaning B. importance C. sense D. sign2. Turning back, _ behind him. A. He caught sight of a dog B. a dog came into sight C. he lost his sight of a dog D. a dog was in sight3. She lay in bed, listening to the rain _ against the window. A. hurting B. knocking C. hitting D. beating4. He got to the station early,_ missing his train. A. in case of B. for fear of C. instead of D. in search of5. The next day he got _ when I talked to him. A. more tougher B. much tough C. still tougher D. quite tougherII根据汉语完成下列句子。 1. 在过去的十年里他通过望远镜来观测宇宙。He has _ _ the _ through a telescope in the past ten years.2. 你能想象出他独自在荒岛上生活了18年吗？Can you imagine him _ on the _ island alone for 18 years?3. 大熊猫是珍稀动物，这就是在野外已很少见到的原因。A panda is a _ animal, thats why it is _ seen in the wild.4. 那位站岗的战士在大雪中被冻僵了。 The soldier on watch was _ _ _ in the heavy snow.5. 抬起头，表现得自信些！ _ _ your head and behave _!Key: I. 1-5 CADBC II. 1. been observing; universe 2. living; deserted 3. rare; rarely/seldom 4. frozen with cold 5. Hold up; confidently单词讲解（中）(Word Power, Grammar& Task )1. reduce【点拨】vt. 减少；缩小 If we reduce the production, more workers will be out of work.【拓展】reduce to减少到；reduce by 15% 减少了15%（幅度）；reduce pain减轻疼痛； reduce.to powder将变为粉末。 By taking regular exercise, she has reduce her weight to 65 kilos. Because of the storm, the farmers apple harvest was reduced by 30%.2. experiment【点拨】n. v 实验；试验 Professor Li was doing an experiment in the lab when the earthquake happened.【拓展】do / carry out / perform / conduct an experiment做/实施一项实验；experiment with a new method用新办法来实验；experiment on sth对做实验; proveby experiment通过实验证明。 The headmaster encourages his teaches to be bold to experiment with new teaching methods. 3. add【点拨】vt. 补充说；增加 He stopped and turned back, adding that he was satisfied with it. Three added to five makes eight. 【拓展】add. to.将加到上；add up to.累计达到； add to 增添; in addition to除外。如： His schooling added up to less than a year. His unexpected coming added to our trouble.4. link 【点拨】vt. & vi 联系；连接 The two towns are linked by a new railway.【拓展】link.together将连在一起；link to/with将与连接起来；be linked to=be related to与有联系；link up联合。作名词“联系；连接环”，a link verb一个连系动词。 There are five color rings linked together on the Olympic flag. One link broken, the whole chain is broken.5. stressed【点拨】adj. 紧张的；感到压力的 Yon are too stressed. I think you should learn to relax yourself.【拓展】stress n. 重压；着重；重音 stress vt. 重读；强调 常见搭配：lay /put stress on sth将重点放在某事上；under the stress of 为所迫/压力下；be stressed (out)感到紧张的；stress the point that.着重强调说。如： The first syllable of this word should be stressed. Nowadays, many students are living under the stress of their parents and teachers.6. cant help doing【点拨】cant help doing sth表示“禁不住做某事”。如： Hearing the funny story, we couldnt help laughing loudly.【拓展】cant help (to)do sth表示“不能帮助做某事”。如： Im sorry I cant help (to) clean the classroom, for I have en important meeting to attend.7. fly【点拨】vt. 空运 （过去式flew; 过去分词flown） All these goods can be flown or shipped to Japan.【拓展】vi 飞行 fly over the high mountain 飞越高山 vt. 放飞 fly a model plane放飞模型飞机 n. 苍蝇。常见搭配：fly to坐飞机去；fly at 猛烈攻击；fly high洋洋得意；fly off the handle (=fly into a rage/temper) 勃然大怒 let fly (at sb) 攻击/批评（某人）。 8accept【点拨】vt. 接受 Please accept my sincere apology. 【拓展】(1) 比较accept与receive：动词accept表示从主观上“接纳、收下”；receive只表示客观地收到，不涉及其结果是否收到。如： I have received his invitation, but I didnt accept it. (2) acceptable 可接受的， an acceptable reason可接受的理由。常见搭配：accept ones fate 接受命运的安排； accept an invitation接受邀请；accept ones apology接受某人的道歉； accept to be / as接纳为。如： She was accepted as a member of the reading club.【挑战自我】I. 单项选择。1. The sudden changed weather _our difficulty finishing the work on time. A. added to B. added up to C. was added to D. adding to2. Having been educated several times, the workers have _ their errors _ 5%. A. reduced; to B. reduced; by C. increased; to D. grown; by3. The teacher _the point that homework should be finished and handed in on time. A. laid stress on B. put stress in C. was stressed on D. placed stress at4. So far, a lot of food and clothes _ to the flooded areas. A. has flied B. have flied C. has being flown D. have been flown5. I _ his letter, which said he had decided to _ my invitation. A. accepted; accept B. received; receive C. received; accept D. accepted; receiveII根据汉语完成下列句子。1. 我不会接受未经实验证明的理论。 I wont _ the theory that has not be proved _ _.2你认为饮食习惯和健康状况之间有联系吗？ Do you think that ones eating habit _ _ _ ones health?3人们常常会禁不住被劝说买一些根本不需要的东西。 Often people _ _ _ persuaded to buy what they dont need at all.Key: I. 1-5 ABADCII. 1. accept; by experiment 2. is linked / related to 3. cant help being 单词讲解（下）(project)1. chance【点拨】n.机会；运气；概率；可能性 Chance escapes and will never return. There is no chance that he will lose the game.【拓展】take chance to do sth 抓住机会做某事；by chance碰巧；Chances are that. 可能； leave things to chance听天由命。作形容词“偶然意外的”，a chance meeting意外的相遇。作动词“偶然发生”、“冒险做某事”，chance to do sth碰巧做某事。 Chances are that tigers attack human beings when they are hungry.2. drown【点拨】vi & vt. 淹死 More than 20 people have drowned in this lake. 【拓展】be / get drowned 淹死；a drowning dog快要淹死的狗；drowned animals被淹死的动物；drown oneself in sth埋头于。 He was drowning himself in his work and didnt notice me.3. likely【点拨】adj. 很可能 He is likely to come to our party this evening.【拓展】adj. 有希望的 a likely young man 一位有希望的年青人。adv. 大概；可能。常见搭配：sb be likely to do sth = Its likely that sb will do sth某人可能做某事；not likely 不可能。如： Will you go to the concert with me tonight? Not likely. I have lots of homework to do.4. wound 【点拨】vt. 使受伤 & n. 伤口；受伤 The soldier was badly wounded in the leg and couldnt move at all.【拓展】a sword wound 剑伤；get wounded in.在受伤；the wounded 伤员。 His body is covered with bullet wounds. The wounded have been sent to the hospital nearby.5. avoid【点拨】vt. 避免；避开 To avoid argument, I never picked up this topic again.【拓展】avoid doing sth. 避免做某事； I dont understand why she avoided seeing me after that.6. panic 【点拨】vi. & n. 惊慌；恐慌 （现在分词panicking；过去式panicked;过去分词 panicked ） The crowded panicked at the sound of guns. When the house caught fire, there was a panic in the room.【拓展】cause panic 引起慌乱；in a panic 混乱；panic sb into doing sth使某人慌乱地做起某事。1. 所幸的是，一位过路人跳进河里，救起那位落水姑娘。 Luckily, a passer-by _ into the river and saved the _ girl.2. 老虎突然出现，惊得小动物们四处逃散。 The tiger appeared suddenly, _ _ the small animals into _ away.3. 要是他腿不受伤，他会取得第一名的。 If he hadnt _ _ in the leg, he would have won the first place.4我碰巧在超市里遇到那位帮助过我的司机。 I met the driver _ helped in the supermarket _ _.5他可能会回避你的，因为你们曾经吵过架。 He is _ to _ you, for you have ever quarreled.Key:1. jumped; drowning 2. which panicked; running 3. got wounded; 4. who/ that; by chance 5. likely; avoid牛津英语模块三Unit 2 重点词语 单词讲解（上）Welcome to this unit & Reading 1. confusing adj. “令人迷惑的”，现在分词具有主动性，作表语或定语时用来描述事物，过去分词表示被动，常用来描述人。 be confused in mind 心烦意乱; be /get confused迷惑不解; a confused look不迷惑不解的表情。 The more he explained, the more confused I became. 【拓展】 vt. confuse A with/and B 把A与B弄混了。Dont confuse Austria with Australia. 不要把奥地利与澳大利亚弄混淆了。2. be made up of表示“由组成”，与consist of意思相近。The UK is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.【拓展】make up表示 “组成、化妆、编造、弥补”等。如：make up a football team组成一支足球队；make up an excuse编造一个借口；make up for the lost time弥补失去的时间。如：You neednt make up for it, because itll just be a party for friends.3. vocabulary n. vocabulary n. 词汇（量）、词表，指某一门语言或专业的词汇量。have a large vocabulary of English有丰富的英语词汇；enlarge / enrich ones vocabulary扩大某人的词汇量。 In order to improve your reading, you should enlarge your vocabulary.4. create vt. “创造；创作”，create an excuse 编造借口；create a poem 写诗。 It is the people who created the history.【拓展】creative adj. “有创造性的”，creative work创造性的工作。creativity n 创造力 This job is challenging, which needs creativity.5. pick up 表示“拿起；举起”，是由“动词+副词”构成的短语，宾语为代词时，须置于动词和副词之间。如： There is book on the floor. Please pick it up.【拓展】pick up还可表示“接收（信号）；（用车）接（某人）；（无意中）学会; 加速”。如： My radio picks up no signals. It needs repairing. Dont worry. Ill pick him up at the airport. When I stayed in Paris, I picked up some French words.6. take control of表示“控制；取得的近控制”， Control可以作动词和名词“控制”，含control的常见短语有：control oneself 自我控制; bring under control使在控制之下；lose control of失去对的控制；out of control 失控。 She controlled herself and tried not to show her anger. 她控制住自己不把生气表现出来。 The car lost control and fell into the river. 汽车失去控制，掉进了河里。 How can I bring those naughty boys under control? 我怎样才能控制住那些调皮的男生呢？7. despite prep.尽管；虽然 相当于in spite of.。如： Despite his illness, he is still working with us. 由介词despite表的短语可以转换成although, though, even though等引导的让步状语从句。 Despite the bad weather, they still had the match. 相当于：Although / Though / Even though the weather was bad, they had the match.8. adopt vt. 表示“采纳（建议、方法），常见搭配：adopt an idea采纳方法；adopt a suggestion采纳建议。如：I offered him some advice, and he adopted it.【拓展】表示“领养；收养”。如：adopt an orphan 领养孤儿；an adopted son 养子；an adopted mother养母。如： Having been married for five years without a child, the couple decided to adopt an orphan.9. include vt. 包括 be included in被包括在中。如： What items should be included in the first aid kit? 现在分词including相当于介词，后接名词、代词作宾语，若将名词、代词在前，而动词在后，则用过去分词。如： He can speak several languages, including Greek. (=, Greek included)【辨析】 include / containcontain作动词，表示“（某物里）容纳/含有”。如：Seawater contains much salt. 海水里含有许多盐。include为动词，“包含；包括”，表示大集体中“包含”某些个体。如：The list included his name. 这个名单上包括他的名字。 10. depend vi. “依靠；视而定”，可以单独使用，后接介词on之后可以接宾语或宾语从句。如： We should depend on ourselves!I cant agree more. Believe in ourselves and we are sure to make it. Could you do me a favor? It depends on what it is.【拓展】depend on sb for sth依靠某人获得某事；depend on sb to do sth依靠某人做某事；It (all)depends! 这要看情况而定。【巩固自测】I. 单项选择。1. Thats why English is a language with _ rules. A. such many confusing B. so much confused C. so many confused D. so much confusing2. The adventure team _ 12 members coming from China, the U.S and Australia. A. consists with B. is consisted of C. is made up D. in made up of3. How can I improve my reading speed? Keep on practicing while enlarging your _.A. spelling B. Pronunciation C. vocabulary D. writing4. I dont know why my cell phone _ no signals. Maybe something is wrong with it. A. picks up B. takes up C. brings up D. puts up5. It says in the Bibles that God _ humans and everything that we see in the world. A. invented B. Discovered C. found D. created6. After two days of fighting, the PLA took _ of the city of Nanjing. A. over B. Hold C. control D. place7. _the heavy rain, he still went there alone. A. Despite B. In spite C. Even though D. However8. If you _this new method, your production will certainly increase greatly. A. adapt B. adopt C. invade D. avoid9. His schoolbag _ ten story-books, _ the one I lent him yesterday. A. includes; containing B. includes; including C. contains; including D. contains; containing10. _ we will go picnic _the weather tomorrow A. If; depends B. If; depends on C. Whether; depends D. Whether; depends onII. 根据所给汉语完成下列句子。1. 尽管他累了，可他还是把汽车加速了。 _ his tiredness, he still _ _ the speed of his car.2. 我采纳了他的建议，尽力扩大我的英语词汇量。 Ive _ his suggestion and is doing my best to _ my English _ .3. 联合国是由二百多外国家和地区组成，包括中国。 The UN is _ _ _ over 200 countries and areas, _ China.4. 要是我们可以创造一门更少让人不解规则的语言多好啊！ If only we could _ a language _ fewer _ rules!5. 这取决于你能否控制整个班级。 It _ _ _ you can take _ the whole class.Key: I. 1-5 ADCAD 6-10 CABCDII. 1. Despite; picked; up 2. adopted; enlarge; vocabulary 3. made up of ; including 4. create; with confusing 单词讲解（中）(Word Power, Grammar& Task )用下列方框内所给单词填空。1. I _ to lend you the money if you can return it by the end of this month.2. Dont worry. He has no _ solving such kind of problem by himself.3. You neednt _ every new word while reading.4. .Since you are against the plan. Could you tell me why you _ about it?5. He is a selfish boy who _ himself only.6. The sign “No smoking” can be seen in hospitals and hospitals, where smoking is _ .7. A big fire broke out and _ to the neighborhood quickly.8. Every dormitory in the university is equipped with an Internet _, which allows you surf the Internet without going to the Internet bars.1.填 promisepromise作动词 “许诺；答应” 常用于： promise to do sth答应做某事；promise sb sth答应某人某事；promise +that从句。作名词, “诺言；许诺”，如：make a promise许下诺言；keep a promise信守诺言；break ones promise违背诺言。【拓展】promising adj. 充满希望的；有前途的 a promising student很有希望的男孩；a promising year有望丰收的一年。2. 填difficulty difficulty作名词表示具体的“困难”时为可数名词，如：overcome difficulties克服种种困难；face difficulties bravely勇敢地面对困难。【拓展】短语have difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困难。其中difficulty为不可数名词，介词in可以省略。如： Do you have any difficulty (in) pronouncing these new words?3.填look up 该短语可表示“在（字典等中）查寻”之意。特别注意的是look up的宾语应是需要查找的“生词、号码等”，表示查寻地点的名词是状语。如： You can look up the new word in the dictionary.【拓展】look up还可“好转；探访”，它还可表示“向上看”，由而可以引申为“尊敬”。如： Things are looking up after his suggestion was carried out. We all look up to the Chinese space heroes for their bravery and contributions.4.