八下一单元英语知识点总结.doc

U1 Will people have robots?语法小结：一、一般将来时1用be doing表示将来,：主要意义是表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作。它常表最近或较近的将来，所用动词多是转移动词。如go，come，leave，arrive，move等 (1) Im going. 我要走了。 (2) When are you starting? 你什么时候动身？表将来的现在进行时除用于转移动词外，亦可用于某些非转移动词。如： (1) Im meeting you after class. 课后我找你。 (2) What are you doing next Sunday? 下星期你打算干什么？ 2用be going to do表示将来：一是表示“意图”，即打算在最近的将来或将来进行某事。e.g.: Are you going to post that letter? How long is he going to stay here?另一意义是表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。e.g.: Its going to rain.基本结构： She will come to have class tomorrow. Will she come to have class tomorrow? She wont come to have class tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow?二、There be结构1. therebe结构中的be是可以运用各种时态的。 e.g.: There is going to be a meeting tonight. 今晚有个会议。 There was a knock at the door.有人敲门。 There has been a girl waiting for you.有个女孩一直在等你。 There will be rain soon.不久天就要下雨了。 2. 动词be单复数形式要根据就近一致原则来变换be的单复数形式。e.g.: There is a book on the desk. 课桌上有一本书。 How many people are there in the city? 这个城市里有多少人口？ There is a pen and two books on the desk.课桌上有一个钢笔和两本书。 There are two books and a pen on the desk.课桌上有两本书和一个钢笔。 三、单词重点解析1. everything 每件事情谓语用is .Everying is OK.部分否定：Not everything is OK.比较： something,anything,nothing（1）后面接形容词I have something important to tell you. Theres nothing interesting in the newspaper. （2）something 用于肯定句，用于疑问句是表示征询意见。表示请求或建议的疑问句，如would you like something to eat?can you give me something to drink? Anything用于否定句和疑问句。 Is there anything in that box?可以用于肯定句中，无论什么： I want something to eat,anything will do. nothing：（后接形容词、不定式等）没什么；没什么东西；无物： Theres nothing interesting in the newspaper. 报纸上没有什么有趣的新闻。 Hes had nothing to eat.他还没有定下吃。 2. Paper 如果表示“纸张”，是不可数名词如果要表示数量，需要搭配量词，如 two pieces of paper，其复数体现在量词上3.Few,a few 比较近fewer,最高级fewest He has a few friends there. The lake is not near,so theres _few_ people going swimming there. few+ 可数名词.极少,几乎没有a few 一点,一些,几个+ 可数名词litter,a litter比较级是less 最高级是leastlittle + 不可数名词几少,几乎没有a little+ 不可数名词一点点,一些4.pollution 动词是pollute 5.space 空间,太空The table takes up a lot of space. 这张桌子占去很多地方。 6.fly 动词过去式 flew. flown Take took taken Fall-fell-fallen White-wrote-written Come-came-comeThink-thought-thought Make-made-made7 fall in love with Be in love with 8. alone与lonely的区别alone既可用作形容词，又可用作副词，意为“独自的（地）、单独的（地）”，侧重于说明独自一人，没有同伴或助手，指的是客观情况。. alone用作形容词时，一般与be动词连用，在句中作表语。例如：She is alone at home. （她独自一人在家。）He is not alone in this idea. （有这种想法的不只是他一个人。）. alone用作副词修饰动词时，应该放在动词后面作状语。例如：I like to work alone. I dont like living alone.lonely只用作形容词，它在句中既可作定语，也可作表语，表示“孤独的，寂寞的”意思。其比较级形式为lonelier。. lonely意为“孤单的”等。例如：At heart, I”m a lonely man. （内心深处我很孤独。）We never feel lonely in Shanghai. （在上海我们从不感到孤独。）I was alone but I didn”t feel lonely. （我独自一人，但我并不感到孤独。）. lonely 无人烟的，荒凉的，偏僻的用作表语时，可以表示“孤寂的，寂寞的”意思。例如：That”s a lonely island. （那是一个荒凉的岛屿。）9.be able to do =can 能10.dress up 打扮 dress up as 装扮成 dress sb up 打扮某人11.反身代词数 人称第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself herself itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselvesteach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself自学lose oneself in 沉浸于，陶醉于之中enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快 help oneself to sth请自用（随便吃/喝些）. 12. predict vt. 预言;预料;预报+that+wh-He predicted that an earthquake was coming. 他预言即将发生地震。 13.come true实现My dream will come true.14.unpleasant adj.使人不愉快的 pleasant adj.使人愉快的两者都强调客观事物本身的状况。An unpleasant day 修饰物 Please vi.请，使高兴 please sb 让某人高兴 Pleased adj.感到愉快的，满意的be pleased with 对感到满意，高兴 be pleased to do sth 很高兴去做某事Im pleased to hear about your news.听到你的消息我很高兴。15.hundreds of , thousands of 成千上万,millions of 4 hundred ,4 million16. seem 似乎seem+adj Everything seems easy.一切似乎很容易。Seem impossible seem+名词 He seemed an honest man.他看上去像是个老实人。 seem+不定式 The maths problem seems to be difficult to work out. seem+like+n./ V-ing，意思是看起来像 It seems like raining.There seems to be.,意为似乎有；好像有 There seems to be no work for you to do now.看来现在没有工作需要你做了。 It seems/seemed + as if从句 It seems as if he were in a dream.看来他像是在做梦。 17.get/be bored with 对感到讨厌 be tired of 对感到疲惫be angry at / about sth. 因某事而生气 be interested in 对感兴趣be excited about about 对觉得很兴奋 be strict in/with 对严格四、课文难句解析1.Do you think there will be robots in peoples homes?Yes,there will. I think there will be robots in peoples homes. What do you think sally will be in five years? 宾语从句+陈述句语序 区别 Who do you think is the best movie star? do you think插入语2. Will people use money in 100years? 一百年后人们还会使用钱币吗？in 100 years 在100年之后“in+一段时间”常用在将来时态中,表一段时间之后。e.g.: Ill come in an hour. 我一小时后来。 Ill see you again in three days. 三天后我再见你。3. There will be less free time空闲时间会更少。 Less：adj较少的(little的比较级)，修饰不可数名词，其最高级是least；反义词是more.e.g.: Janes less beautiful than Mary. People will use the subways less.4.People will live to be 200 years old. live+to be +基数词+years old Live vi.生活，居住 live in BeiJing 住在北京5.What sport will she play? Do/play sports 做运动6. I dont agree 我不同意。-I agree.我同意。1) 表示“同意某人意见”时用agree with sb.，该短语不能用于被动语态。e.g.: Did you agree with him? 你同意他的意见吗?2) 要确定一样事情用on Can we agree on a date for the next meeting? 我们能不能为下次会议确定一个时间？ (3)涉及一件建议或计划用to。 He agreed to our plan for the holiday. 他已经同意我们关于假日的计划了。 4) agree后还可以接不定式，不接动名词，表示“同意做某事”。e.g.: They agreed to leave tomorrow afternoon他们同意明天下午动身。6.As a reporter,I think I will meet lots of interesting people.as prep.作为和like 做对比，like 是像He talked to me like my father. He talked to me as my father.As+adj/adv的原级+as 和一样not+ As+adj/adv的原级+as 和不一样This film is as interesting as that one. This film is not as interesting as that one. 若有修饰成分，twice ,three times 等，则置于第一个as 之前Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.Asas possible 尽可能Please answer my question as soon as possible.The same +adj+as sb/sth 和一样的Scientists are now trying to make robots look like people and do the same things as us.7.On the weekend,Ill be able to dress more casually. Be able to do sth=can 8. What do you think the weather will be like tomorrow? 你认为明天的天气怎样?1) Whats the weather like? 是询问天气怎么样，相当于How is the weather？What be like? 可以用来征求对方对某事的看法或意见，意思是“怎么样?” 类似的说法还有What do you think of? How do you like? 等句型。e.g.: What is the book like? What do you think of the book? How do you like the book? 你觉得这本书怎么样?Whats the weather like today?How is the weather today? 今天天气怎么样?2) What isare1ike? 可用来提问天气情况，也可用来对人(或物)的外观、外貌提问，还可以用来对其特性提问。e.g.: Whats the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样?Whats the young girl like? 那个年轻女孩长什么样? What was the book like? 那本书怎么样?9. There were many famous predictions that never came true有许多从没成为现实的 著名的预测。1) 本句中that never came true是个定语从句，用于修饰先行词predictions，that为引导词，作定语从句的主语，不可省略。2) come true指“理想，梦想等实现”。come是连系动词；true是形容词，做连系动词come的表语。e.g.: My dream will come true someday. 有一天我的梦想会实现。Her dream to