八年级下册时态总结.docx

I. 概述：英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态要用不同的动词形式来表示。 动作发生的时间不同，动词的形式就有所不同。所以，动词的时态就是指动词在某一个时间段内应当采取的相应动词形态。我们已经学过的6种时态分别是：1. _2. _3. _ 4._ 5. _6. _II. 详解：一、一般现在时：概念： 经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况或是客观存在。时间状语：often，usually，always，sometimes，every week（day，year，month），once a week，on sundays，基本结构：be动词am/is/are； 行为动词原形或单数第三人称。否定形式：1.The Greens usually _ TV on Sunday evening.A. watch B. watches C. are watching D. is watching2. Mr Black often _ fishing on Sundays, _ he ?A. goesdoesnt B. goesisnt C. dont godoes D. doesnt gois3. He said the sun _in the east and _in the west.A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week（year，night，month），in 1989，just now，at the age of 5，one day，long long ago，once upon a time，基本结构：be动词过去式was/were； 行为动词过去式。否定形式： 自我检测：1. I _ very hard when I was young.A. study B. studied C. had studied D. shall study2. _ he _ a good time last Sunday?A. Were; were B. Did; do C. Did; has D. Did; have3.-When_you come here? -We_here last week.A.do;come B.do;came C.did;came D.did;come三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：now，at this time，these days，基本结构：amisare _ 否定形式：_一般疑问句：把_动词放在句首【注意】短暂性动词如leave, begin, come, go, die等，可用_时表示将来。句子中含有look, can you see/listen等等，都要暗示用进行时，另外，要注意以下动词一般不用于现在进行时态的句子。如：1.表示感觉 see heard 等 2.表示喜欢或者厌恶 like love hate.3.表示希望 want would like 4.表示状态 be 5.表示归属 have 6.表示思维，知识，或能力 know forget等1. -What is he doing now? -He_a picture.A. draws B. drew C. is drawing D. was drawing2. Dont talk here. Grandparents _.A. sleep B. is sleeping C. are sleeping D. slept3. Look ! The boy students are _ football while the girls are _ .A.playing;dance B.playing;dancing C.play;dancing D.play;dance4. Some are _ in the river and some are _ games.A. swimming; playing B. swimming;plaiing C. swiming; playing D. swiming;plaing四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外,一般用表示过去时间的状语来表示。基本结构：_ 否定形式：_一般疑问句：把was或were放在句首When和while的用法1. I _ myself French from 7 to 9 yesterday morning. I _ to work.A. was teaching; didnt go B. taught; didnt go C. was teaching; went D. taught; went2. This time yesterday Jack _ his bike. He _ TV.A. repaired; didnt watch B. was repairing; watchedC. repaired; watched D. was repairing; wasnt watching3. When you _ at the door, I _ some washing.A. knocked; did B. was knocking; did C. knocked; was doing D. knock; am doing4. The boy_ English on the radio when I _ his door.A. learned; was opening B. was learning; opened C. learned; opened D. is learning; open5. A young man _ her while she _ her work .A. watched; was doing B. was watching; did C. watched; did D. was watching; was doing五、一般将来时：概念： 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow，next day（week，month，year），soon，in a few minutes,the day after tomorrow，基本结构：amisare going to do；（表计划，或者是某种迹象表明将要发生的事） willshalldo（其他）否定形式：amisare notgoing to do； willshallnotdo一般疑问句：be放于句首； willshall提到句首【注意】(1) “will + 动词原形”可用于_人称, shall常用在_人称 后。(2)“_+ 动词原形”表示即将发生某事或人为计划要做某事。1.- _ you _ free tomorrow? -No. I _ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be2. He _ in three days.A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. comes back3. If he _ to college, he _ a lot more.A. will gowill learn B. will gois going to learnC. is going is going to learn D. goes will learn4. When she _ next time ,I _ her everything.A. is going to comeshall tell B. will comeshall tellC. comeswill tell D. comestell5. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going to be B. is going to haveC. is going to be D. will have6. It _ us a long time to learn English well.A. took B. will take C. spends D. will spend六、现在完成时：概念： 过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语：already, never, ever, just, yet, since, for, in the past few years, 基本结构：have_ done否定形式：_一般疑问句：havehas放于句首【注意】(1)现在完成时属于现在时态范围,不能和表示过去时间的状语连用，如 yesterday, last week, three years ago, in 1960 等连用。(2) “have/ has been to + 地名”表示“_”, 说话时人已回到说话地点, 常与once, twice, never, ever等时间状语连用。Have gone to_说话时人没在说话地点。“have/ has been in + 地名”跟时间段连用,表示待在某地多长时间。（3）由于现在完成时态中的非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，这时这些动词可作相应的变化自我检测：1. You kept me waiting for two hours. I _ for you since five.A. waited B. wait C. have waited D. have wait2. -_ you ever _America ? -Yes, I haveA. Have gone to B. Have gone in C. Have been to D. Have been in3. The Greens _ China for five years.A. has been in B. have been in C. have been to D. has gone to5 He _ in our school for 20 years and he _ here in 1977.A. has taught; came B. has taught; has come C. taught; came D. has teached; has came6. -_you _ the text yet ? -Yes, we _ it two hours ago.A. Did, copy; did B. Have, copied; haveC. Have, copied; did D. Did, copy; had7. -_ you _ the film before ? and when _ you _ it ?A. Have, seen; did, see B. Did, see; die, watchC. Have, seen; have, seen D. Did, see; have, seen8. Her grandpa_ for three years.A. has been dead B. has died C. had been dead D. died9. Tom _ London for two years.A. had left B. has gone away C. has been away from D. had been away from10. -Are you going to the bank, Laura? -No, I _ to the bank already.A. have been B. have gone C. am going D. had been11. She _ this book for nearly three weeks.A. has borrowed B. has lent C. has bought D. has kept12. - Why wont you go to the movie with me, Gina? - Because I it twice.A. see B. have seen C. saw D. will see13.-Where is my sister, mum? -She_to the library. She will be back soon.A. has been B. is going C. has gone D. will go用所给词的适当形式提空。1. Mr Brown will go fishing if it _ (not rain) tomorrow.2. I think he _ (be) back in a week.3. -Who_ (knock) at the door? -I dont know. Let me go and see.4. Bill is strict with himself. He never _ (leave) todays work for tomorrow.5. Mr. Wang _ (read) a newspaper in the office at this time yesterday.6. They