电子信息工程专业外语对应翻译.doc

专业外语综合阅读与翻译报告学 院： 信息电子技术学院专 业： 电子信息工程班 级： 一班学籍号： *姓 名：*成 绩：2016年5月20日英文原文：With all the exciting developments in the realm of communications technology over the last few years it would be easy to think that we are living in times of the most astounding transformations. However, the technologies that so many of us are addicted to today mobile phones, the internet, satellite TV are built on the achievements of our endeavors. The history of communication goes back thousands of years. Each new development has transformed the world we live in. An understanding of the journey we have taken to get where we are now shows that todays techniques are refinements of what came before. Really big revolutions may be still to munication begins with the first conversations between people it is believed that language developed through gestures using the hands and bodies, and had evolved into spoken tongues by the time of the great migration of humans from Africa some 100,000 years ago.The first long distance communication must have arisen shortly after conversation, with the discovery that it was possible to make oneself heard from a distance by shouting, or banging objects together to make a sound that travels far. The fire and the smoke it produces may also have been used for simple communication between separated groups.Communication techniques such as shouting and smoke signals allow people to make their mark over a wider area. The recording of information allowed human beings to communicate over great expanses of time. Cave paintings up to 36,500 years old have been found people from that far back are communicating with us today although it is hard to know what they were saying. 5,500 years ago, more systematized alphabets were developed by the Phoenicians. Sumerians and Egyptians. They also developed new ways of storing their information, some of which have survived till today. Scholars have had some success in translating these alphabets and the languages they convey, giving us insight into societies long dead.The realisations that it is possible to communicate through space and time are the two most important communication leaps in history. Everything that has come since has merely improved the efficiency of these two tasks.The next leap was the combination of writing and transmitting information. This begin with people or animals acting as couriers, delivering written messages. The first postal services were in China around 900BC. Human runners and birds were used to transport messages starting in at least 776BC, when the winner of the Olympic games was reported to the Athenians via homing pigeons possible the first journalist reporting back to base from a remote location.With the discovery of electricity the speed and range of communication once again began to increase. In 1793 Claude Chappe invented the Semaphore telegraph line, which allowed reliable and fast communication over wires between distant locations. Methods such as the Heliograph which require two locations being able to see each other limited the possible distance of rapid communications. The semaphore broke through this barrier, opening the way for even more radical developments.The invention of techniques such as Morse code allowed complex messages to be transferred at very high speeds over this new medium. This had huge repercussions for many aspects of human life transport could be better coordinated, government could transmit decisions to distant offices almost instantaneously, businesses could work with more businesses over large distances.With Joseph Henrys invention of the telegraph in 1831 developments took on a cheetah like speed with thirty years wires were strung around and between many countries in the world. At first these were used to transmit simple signals in the form of short and long beeps Morse code. Shortly after this, in 1843, Alexander Bain developed the chemical telegraph a machine that enabled messages written on paper to be copied onto another machine a long distance away the first Fax machine! Nearly twenty years later Alexander Graham Bell patented the electric telephone. This enabled people with no training to communicate in the most natural form speaking even when separated by hundreds of miles. The first telephone conversation was between bell and his assistant, Watson-Mr. Watson, come here, I want you! These words changed the world forever.Over 45 years the limit of how fast people could communicate had gone from the speed of the fastest form of transport, to the speed that signals could travel down an electric wire the speed of light! These developments made it possible to communicate efficiently over much larger distances, changing social lives, government, military operations, investments, agriculture, almost everything.We saw how the storage of communication in the form of writing was a leap that permitted people to communicate through time as well as space. Shortly after the invention of thetelephone, the storage of sound became possible. In 1877 Tomas Edison patented the phonograph, which used wax cylinders to record sound. Ten years later the invention of gramophone made it possible for sound recordings to last much longer early recordings made over 100 years ago can still be listened to today.The technologies that I have discussed in these articles have all helped us store and transmit communication. All these technologies are joining together in the form of computers and the internet. A cheap computer connected to the internet gives a person access to storage and transmission of wireless words, sounds, and images both still and moving. The future will see this convergence grow, with mobile computers allowing us to take photographs and send them to our friends instantly, wherever they are.Eventually we may even combine ourselves with our mobile computers, and transmit our thoughts and experiences directly into the heads of other people. Communication is after all about sharing experience.阅读翻译： 随着通信技术在过去几年中所有令人兴奋的领域中的发展，这将是很容易认为我们正生活在一个最令人震惊的时代转换。然而，我们许多人都沉迷于今天的移动电话技术，互联网，卫星电视，是建立在我们的努力所取得的成就。通信的历史可以追溯到几千年。每一个新的发展已经改变了我们生活的世界，在深入了解通信技术的发展历程之后，我们应该意识到现在的技术只是对过去技术的细化.真正的大的革命可能是还没有到。通信开始于人们相信通过使用双手和身体手势语言发展第一次谈话，并已被人类大约10万年前的从非洲大迁徙一次演变成方言.第一次长途通信在谈话后不久必定已经出现，与有可能使自己从远处喊，或敲打能听到远行者的声音。火和烟雾的产生也可能被用于分离群体之间的简单沟通。在更广阔的领域，如呼喊和烟雾信号通信技术让人们作出自己的印记。信息的记录让人类对时间极大的广阔通信。洞穴绘画高达36500岁已发现的，人们早与我们今天有沟通。5500年前，更系统化的字母是由腓尼基人开发。苏美尔人和埃及人，他们还开发了存储其信息的新方法，其中一些幸存下来直到今天。学者们曾在翻译这些英文字母和它们所传达的语言了取得了一定的成功，让我们见识到社会早就死了。通过空间和时间的沟通的实现是历史上最重要的两个通信的飞跃。一切来的一切都只是提高了这2个任务的效率。下一次飞跃是写作和传递信息的组合。这首先充当信使人或动物，提供书面信息。第一次邮政服务是在中国各地900BC 。在至少公元前776年，人类选手和鸟类被用来通过信鸽来传输消息开始，当通过信鸽向雅典报道奥运冠军的时候 可能这就是第一次记者从远程位置报告给基地。随着电力的发现速度和通信范围再次开始增加。1793年 Claude Chappe 发明了信号量电报线，这使得通过电线遥远的地点之间可靠和快速的沟通。方法，如照相制版需要两个位置能够看到对方的限制快速通信的有效距离。通过这道屏障的信号传出