初一年上学期期末总复习材料.doc

初一年上学期期末总复习材料(初一年英语备课组 轮值撰稿老师：黄华中)一、重点单词:1、and和with：表示并列要用and, 表示和某人一起做某事(做状语)用with。2、a和an:发音以辅音音素开头的单词前用a, 发音以元音音素开头的单词前用an3、不可数名词：fish, chicken, rice, juice, milk, water, bread, fun, time(时间)，meat, drink, food (当drink/food表示多种饮料/食物时，就要用drinks/foods)，hair（一般是作为不可数名词，但如果指少数几根头发，就可以加s）4、必须以复数形式出现的名词：clothes, pants, trousers (这三个词已是复数)5、复数形式要加es的名词：bus, box, dress, class(班级，几节课), glass6、复数形式要变y为i再加es的：family, baby7、以o结尾要加s的名词：photo, zoo8、单数和复数同形的名词：Chinese, Japanese9、要去掉f或fe，改为ves的名词：knife, half10、名词变复数是不规则变化的：footfeet, manmen, womanwomen, snowmansnowmen, mousemice11、代词单数变复数：Iwe, youyou, he/she/itthey, thisthese, thatthose 其它：am/isare,a penpens12、do/does, dont/doesnt, have/has: 主语是第三人称单数用does/doesnt/has，主语不是第三人称单数用do/dont/have13、look：动词 不及物动词，“看” 的意思，不能直接加宾语，如果要接宾语要先加上适当的介词再加宾语，如：look at(看着)/look like(看起来像)/look after(照看，照顾),这三个词组有加一个介词，后面加宾语(不管宾语是名词还是代词，都只能放在介词的后面)。系动词+表语（常加形容词作表语）：“看起来”的意思，如look nice 看起来很漂亮, look the same看起来一样, look different看起来不同名词 looks表示长相，记得要用looks14、like 作为动词，意思是“喜欢”，常用句型：like to do sth. 喜欢做某事（具体的某次行为）like doing sth. 喜欢做某事（表示一种倾向，性格或爱好等） 作为介词，意思是“像”15、both/all: 作为副词，意为“都”。表示两者用both, 三者或三者以上用all16、can/could/will/would/may+动词原形一般疑问句：Can/Could/Will/Would/May.?(这五个单词要放句首)特殊疑问句：疑问词+ can/could/will/would/may?(这五个单词放在疑问词后)17、主语是第三人称单数时，下面这几个单词要注意怎么变成第三人称单数： studystudies teachteaches gogoes18、go to+某地 例：go to Shanghai 注意:当“某地”是副词时不用to; “某地”是名词时要用to如：go there, go home(there和home是副词，所以不用to)，go to Beijing, go to school19、live in+某地，例：live in Shanghai注意:当“某地”是副词时不用in; “某地”是名词时要用in如: live here(here是副词，不用in) , live in Shanghai20、bring/take: 从别的地方拿到说话的现场来要用bring, 意为“带来，拿来” 从说话的现场拿到别的地方要用take, 意为“拿走，带走”21、have to+动词原形：不得不做某事，必须做某事，强调客观事实，不是自己的意愿。否定形式为：dont have to+动词原形， doesnt have to+动词原形22、many/much:many+可数名词的复数形式， much+不可数名词23、some/any（一些）：这两个单词后面可以加可数名词的复数形式，也可以加不可数名词。肯定句一定是用some, 否定句一定是用any， 一般疑问句一般用any, 但如果是表示提建议或请求，就要用some。something和anything的用法与some和any的用法类似。 如：I have some books. Li Ming doesnt have any books. Do you have any apple juice? Would you like some apples? Can you give me some water?24、well：作为形容词，意为“好的，健康的”，表示某人身体好，要用well或fine，不能用good. 如 He is well/fine. 他身体好（指的就是身体健康）作为副词，用来表示做某事做得好。如 She speaks English well.25、it/one：it用来指代前文提过的事物（同一个事物）;one表示与前文提过的事物是同类的事物（而不是同一个事物） 如：I have a pen. It is from my father. I have a pen. Li Ming has one, too.26、say/speak/tell：say+说话内容, speak+某种语言,tell告诉（常用句型：tell sb sth.以及tell sb. about sth.）27、hundred 1 one hundred, two hundred, three hundred (基数词+hundred，hundred不加s) 2 hundreds of 成百上千的28、几十几的表达法: 十位+“”+个位 例 72seventy-two几百几十几的表达：百位+and+十位+“”+个位如：235two hundred and thirty-five（百位和十位之间，美国英语一般不用and） 205two hundred and five（百位和个位之间，美国英语和英国英语都要用and）29、时间表达法：一、整点：2:00 two oclock 二、非整点：顺读法（直接表述） 2:15two fifteen 2:05 two o five倒读法：借助于past和to的表述 当分钟数小于或等于30分钟时，用past 如 2:25twenty-five past two 当分钟数大于30分钟时，用to，（分钟用60减，小时用1加） 如 1：55five to two注意：当分钟数等于15时，用a quarter代替；当分钟数等于30时，用half代替。 如：2:15 a quarter past two 2:30 half past two 2:45 a quarter to three二、目标短语1、be from/come from 来自2、Class Four, Grade Seven七年级四班3、in English 用英语 4、in the same class 在同一个班级 5、in different classes 在不同的班级6、in the same grade 在同一个年级7、in different grades 在不同的年级 8、my favorite food 我特别喜爱的食物9、a round face 10、a big nose 11、a small mouth 12、(two) big eyes13、(two) small ears14、(two) long legs15、(two) small feet16、long hair17、black hair 18、(two) small hands 19、(two) blue eyes 20、in yellow穿着黄色衣服21、in a black coat 穿着一件黑色的大衣 22、in blue shoes 穿着蓝色的鞋 23、in a white cap 戴着一顶白色的帽子 24、short brown hair 棕色的短发25、(two) big blue eyes （两只）蓝色的大眼睛 26、his phone number 他的电话号码27、tell me your name 告诉我你的名字 28、speak Chinese 说汉语 29、after class 课后30、study English学英语 31、each other互相，彼此 32、help each other 互相帮助33、at home 在家 34、be at home(=be in)在家用来作谓语 35、have a seat 就座，坐下36、in a hospital 37、on a farm 38、in a high school 39、in an office 40、in Class Two41、in Grade Seven 42、in China 43、in the zoo 44、a photo of my family 45、a photo of me46、on the sofa在沙发上 47、Kangkangs father 48、my classmates books 49、have dinner50、something to eat 吃的东西 51、something to drink喝的东西 52、a glass of 53、a kilo of 54、a pair of 一条，一对，一双55、a bottle of 56、a box of 57、try on试穿58、such as例如，诸如之类 59、over there 在那边 60、too long 61、too heavy62、think about考虑63、do some shopping买东西64、go shopping去购物65、go fishing去钓鱼 66、this Sunday 这个星期日 67、this afternoon今天下午68、be free有空 69、have time有时间 70、have no time没时间 71、carry some water72、have a picnic野餐73、go for a picnic去野餐74、go to the zoo去动物园75、go to West Hill for a picnic去西山野餐76、this Sunday afternoon这个星期日下午77、go to school 上学 78、at nine/9 oclock(=at 9:00) 在九点钟 79、at my home在我家80、so clever如此聪明 81、get up起床 82、have breakfast吃早餐 83、go home回家84、go to Kangkangs home去康康家 85、go to the zoo去动物园 86、in the morning85、at 7：00/ at 7:16(at+具体时刻) 86、go there 去那里87、Kangkangs and Li Mings rooms 康康的房间和李明的房间（各自拥有）88、Kangkang and Li Mings room康康和李明的房间（共同拥有）常见缩写词：缩写形式和完全形式缩写 完全 缩写 完全 缩写 完全 缩写 完全Im I am shes she is hes he is theyre they arewhats what is wheres Where is whos who is isnt is notits it is thats that is names name is youre you aretheyre they are Id I would hell he will lets let us注：lets 让我们（“我们”包括说话人在内） let us让我们（“我们”不包括说话人在内）三、重点句型1、初次见面：-Nice to meet you.Nice to meet you, too.(Nice to see you.是熟人之间) -How do you do?您好！ -How do you do?2、介绍 My name is Kangkang. I am Li Ming. This is Jane.3、-How are you?-Im fine, thanks.(=Fine, thank you.)4、-Whats your name?-My name is Wang Hong.5、-Where is he from?-He is from England. -Where does he come from?-He comes from England. Where do they come from?-They come from China.6、-Who are they?-Theyre Maria and Jane.7、-Whats your telephone number?-My telephone number is或Its8、-How old is Li Ming?-He is twelve (years old).9、-What class is he in?-He is in Class Four, Grade Seven.10、-What grade are you in?-Im in Grade Seven.11、Excuse me. 12、He has big eyes.13、His eyes are big.13、-Whats this/that in English?-Its a map.14、-Whats this/that? -Its a/an15、-What are these/those? -They are(=Theyre).16、-Who is your favorite movie star?-Its Bruce Lee.17、-Thank you very much. (=Thanks a lot.)-Thats OK./Youre welcome./Not at all.18、We are in the same grade.But we are in different classes.19、We have different looks.= We dont have the same looks.20、-Whats red and yellow? -Its orange.21、-Whats two and three? -Its five.22、What does he look like? 23、My English is poor.24、Please give this letter to Maria.=Please give Maria this letter. (give sth. to sb. =give sb. sth.) 25、Ill give it to her. 介宾26、-What color is/are?-Its/Theyre 例：-What color is this cap?-Its yellow. -What color are these shoes?-Theyre green.27、She has short brown hair.We have big black eyes.28、-Whose cap is this?-Its mine./Its my cap./Its Knagkangs.-Whose books are these?-Theyre Li Mings.29、No problem.30、Please help me with my English.=Please help me study English.(help sb. with sth.=help sb do sth.)31、Could you please tell me your name? (tell sb. sth.)Ill tell him about it. 关于这件事，我会告诉他。(tell sb about sth.)32、He wants to visit the Great Wall.(want to do sth.) =He would like to visit the Great Wall.(would like to do sth.)33、-Where does he live? 他住在哪里？（where是副词，所以不用in）-He lives in Shanghai.(Shanghai是名词，所以要用in)34、I like English a little. He likes English a lot/very much. She doesnt like English at all.35、I have a pet at home. Its name is Kitty. 36、问职业：What do/does.do?37、问工作场所：Where do/doeswork?例：Where does he study?Where do you work?38、We live in Beijing now.They look after Rose at home. （时间和地点一般放在句末）I want to study English at home tomorrow. （一般先说地点再说时间）39、would like用法： would like sth. 想要（吃、喝、买）某物 例 I would like some chicken.He would like a glass of apple juice. would like to do sth. 想要做某事(=want to do sth.) 例I would like to have some chicken.40、提建议：What about/How about sth.? 或What about/How about doing sth.? 怎么样？ 如 -What about some milk? -How about flying a kite with me? -Good idea. -Good idea.Why not+动词原形?或 Why dont you/we+动词原形? 为什么不? 如 Why not have some bread? = Why dont you/we have some bread?-Would you like some rice? -Yes, please./No, thanks.-Would you like to have dinner with me?-Yes, Id love/like to.或Thanks. That would be very nice.41、-What would you like to eat?-Yes. Some rice and chicken, please.42、Milk for me, please.43、Me, too.43、-What do you usually have for breakfast?- I usually have.for breakfast.44、May I help you?/Can I help you?/What can I do for you?在不同场合意思不同：您想吃什么？您想买什么？您/你想借什么书？45、-May I take your order? -Rice and chicken, please. 46、-Would you like something to drink?-Yes. A glass of apple juice, please./No, thanks.-Would you like something to eat? -Yes. Some rice and chicken, please./No, thanks.47、All right. =OK. 好的。 48、Wait a moment, please. 请稍等。49、Here you are. / Here it is. /Here they are. 给你。it和they指物品50、They are all kind to me.(be kind to sb.对某人友善) 介 宾51、Im very glad to help you study English. 我很乐意帮你学英语。(be glad to do sth. 很乐意做某事)I am very glad to be here. 我很乐意待在这里。52、I want to buy some clothes for my daughter. 我想要给我女儿买一些衣服。(buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth.) 又如: buy him a pen=buy a pen for him 介 宾53、It looks very nice on you. 它穿在你身上看起来很漂亮。You look very nice in it.你穿着它看起来很漂亮。54、Its only seventy yuan. (中国的单位不用复数) 55、We will/Well take it. 我们要买下它。55、I am just looking. 我只是随便看看。 56、Whats up?怎么啦？57、What do you think of? = How do you like? 你觉得怎么样？What do you think of the pants?=How do you like the pants?58、问“多少钱”：How much is/are?例 How much is the coat? Its 70 yuan. How much are the apples. They are/Theyre 5 yuan.59、问“多少”: How many+可数名词复数形式? How much+不可数名词? 如: How many apples do you want? How much milk do you want? How many bottles of milk do you want? 牛奶已量化，所以用how many提问60、-Is that all? 东西买齐了吗？ -Yes, I think so.61、-You want a kilo of apples and two eggs. -Thats right. 是的。62、Dont worry. 别担心。worry是不及物动词, 如果要加宾语要先加about 如 Dont worry about it. 别担心这件事。祈使句的否定形式：在动词前加dont63、Dont forget to bring your guitar. forget to do sth.忘记做某事（还没做）64、-See you then./Se you tomorrow./See you next time.- See you.65、May I speak to Maria, please? 请找玛丽亚接电话。66、Who is/Whos that (speaking)? 你是谁？加拿大英语用Whos this?67、This is Maria (speaking). 我是玛丽亚。68、Could you ask her to call me back this evening?call sb. back 给某人回电话69、-How about flying a kite with me?-Id like that , but I am afraid I have no time.70、-Whats the time, please? 或What time is it, please? 请问，几点了？-Its one oclock.71、Are we all here? 都到齐了吗？72、Lets go. 我们走吧。73、Let me help you.74、-What are your favorite animals?-Elephants.75、Its time to go home.该回家了。Its time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了76、Whats wrong with you?你怎么了？77、I cant find my way home.我找不到回家的路。77、Here we are. 我们到了。78、Its very kind of you. 你真好。79、Thank you for your help. 谢谢你帮助我。80、I think meat is the tigers favorite food.80、Let me help you. 让我帮助你。( let sb. do sth.)81、人称代词（表示某人）：作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格。（宾语的位置在及物动词和介词后面） 如：He is a good student（作主语）. We all like him. （作及物动词like的宾语） His grandparents look after him at home.(作介词after的宾语)物主代词（表示某人的）：形容词性物主代词要加名词，名词性物主代词不能加名词。如： This is my pen. Its not yours. 人称代词和物主代词很多同学常混用，考试时要先分析一下，要用人称代词还是物主代词，表示某人 用人称代词（作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格），表示某人的 用物主代词（形容词性物主代词要加名词，名词性物主代词不能加名词）。四、考试指导1、系动词be和行为动词：系动词表示状态，行为动词一般表示动作或行为。因此，考试时如果表示动作或行为的，我们就要用行为动词。表示状态的我们一般都用系动词be。如 I am 15 years old.He is happy.She is a student.Theyre at Grade Seven. I have a pen.She speaks E