一般现在时的定义构成用法及练习题目2.doc

1. 一般现在时的概念一般现在时表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。2. 一般现在时的构成一般现在时的构成主要有两种形式：(1)be型：句子的谓语动词只有be(am，is或are)：a.肯定句中，只出现be，如： I am a student.我是一名学生。b.否定句中，要在be后面加not，如： She isnt a teacher.她不是教师。c.一般疑问句，要将be放在句子开头(注意句首字母大写)，句尾用问号，答语用Yes，主语+be.或No，主语+be+not.如：Are you ready?你准备好了吗? Yes，I am.是的，我准备好了。(No，Im not.不，我没准备好。)(2)实义动词型：句中的谓语动词为实义动词(也叫行为动词)：a.肯定句中，只出现实义动词，如：I get up in the morning.我早晨起床。b.否定句中，要在实义动词前面加do(does)+not，do(does)作助动词，本身无意义，常与not缩写成dont(doesnt)，如：I dont like vegetables.我不喜欢蔬菜。c.一般疑问句，要在句子开头加助动词Do(does)，句尾用问号，简略答语用Yes，主语+do(does).或No，主语+do(does)+not.如：Do you like oranges?你喜欢桔子吗?Yes，I do.是的，我喜欢。(No，I dont.不，我不喜欢。)3.一般现在时的用法1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用，如： every, sometimes, at, on Sunday等。I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 我每天早上7点去上学。2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕着太阳。Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部。3) 表示格言或警句中。Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。Xiao Wang writes good English but does not speak well.小王的英语书面表达能力比口语好。比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时【No. 1】一般现在时的定义及构成一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。 构成:主语+动词原形+宾语一般现在时用行为动词的原形，但第三人称单数作主语时，动词要用第三人称单数形式。（一般的动词词尾+S。以sh/ch/s/x结尾的词+es.以辅音字母Y结尾的把Y变成i再+es。辅音字母+o结尾的+es.) 【No. 2】一般现在时的应用 (1)在实际应用中，一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays 例句：He usually plays football on Sundays.(2)没有时间状语，可以分以下四种类型：Abe型 这一类型由be动词+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语的个性、特征或状态。如： I am a student.(主语+be动词+名词) They are hungry.（主语+be动词+形容词） He is out.(主语+be动词+副词) That pen is mine.(主语+be动词+代词) I am fifteen.(主语+be动词+数词) The bike is under the tree.(主语+be动词+介词短语)Bdo型 do型由行为动词充当谓语，表示经常性或习惯性的动作，其构成为“主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式”。如： I know it. He believes me.Cthere be型 there be型句子表示“存在”，其构成为“there be+主语+其他”，表示客观事实。用法遵循“就近原则”，即主语是单数或并列主语中的第一个主语是单数，则用there is；主语是复数或并列主语中的第一个主语是复数，则用there are。如： （1）There is an eraser on the teachers desk.(主语an eraser是单数) （2）There is an orange，five apples and eight bananas in the bag.(并列主语中的第一个主语an orange是单数)D情态动词型 情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词+动词原形”，情态动词和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人对所叙述的动作或状态的看法。如： He can speak a little English.(can+speak) May I have a book, please?(may+have)【No. 3】一般现在时的变化 否定形式：首先找句子中有没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can），如果有，只要在be动词或情态动词后面加上not。如果句子中没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can）那么根据主语在后面加入dont(you, I或者复数)或doesnt（第三人称单数）。一般疑问句：首先找句子中有没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can），如果有，只要将be动词或情态动词提前，放到主语前面。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称要互换。如果句子中没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can）那么根据主语判断加入do(you, I或者复数)或does（第三人称单数）。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。特殊疑问句：首先分析划线部分的意思，确定用哪个疑问词（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what doing, where going, what do）,然后找句子中有没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can），如果有，只要将be动词或情态动词放到主语前面（疑问词的后面）。如果句子中没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词（can）那么根据主语判断加入do(you, I或者复数)或does（第三人称单数）。注意：句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 talk_forget_hope_stop_perform_play_say_buy_worry_fly_study_like_make_take_love_recite_become_come_drive_shine_ leave_wake_ride_write_hike_give_see_swim_stop_shop_plan_get_sit_let_cut_run_forget_begin_wash_watch_finish_teach_fish_reach_go_do_ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often _(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One. 3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There _(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _(like) cooking. 12. They _(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _(do) your homework well. 15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed. 16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term. 20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday. 21 We often _ (play) in the playground. 22. He _ (get) up at six oclock. 23. _ you _ (brush) your teeth every morning? 24. What _(do) he usually _ (do) after school? 25. Danny _ (study) English, Chinese, math, science and art at school. 26. Mike sometimes _ (go) to the park with his sister. 27. At eight at night, she _ (watch) TV with her parents. 28. _ Mike _ (read) English every day? 29. How many lessons _ your classmate _ (have) on Monday? 30.What time _ his mother _ (do) the housework? 三、按照要求改写句子 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)_ 2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) _3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答) _ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) _5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)_ 6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)_ 7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问_ 8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)_ 9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) _10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句) 11. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答) _ 12. I have many books. （改为否定句）_ 13. Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis.（改为否定句）_ 14. She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般疑问句_ 15. I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句）_ 16. David has got a goal. （改为一般疑问句）_ 17. We have four lessons.（改为否定句）_ 18. Nancy doesnt run fast. （改为肯定句）_ 19. My dog runs f