英语八年级上册Unit2、4知识点.doc

Unit4形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词的比较级和最高级：形容词有三种等级：原级、比较级、最高级。1、原级（同级）比较：句中只有一者时用原级，其标志词是very, so, too, quite,asas; not as(so)as e.g.Well give you as much help as we can. e.g. His handwriting is very good.他的书法很好。 2. 比较级：表示两者之间比 更可用状语much, a little, even等修饰 e.g.He is even richer than I.3、最高级：形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用 of,in 短语表示范围： e.g.He is the tallest of the three.4、 如果在两者之间表示“最”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语： e.g.John is the clever of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the clever. 形容词比较级和最高级的构成：1.一般在原级后加er 构成比较级，加est构成最高级。 e.g. small smaller smallest2. 以不发音的字母e 结尾的形容词，直接加r 或st e.g. nice nicer nicest3.以辅音字母+y 结尾的形容词，把y变为i ，再加er 或est e.g. busy busier busiest4.以辅音字母结尾的先双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est e.g. big bigger biggest5.不规则变化 e.g. goodbetterbest bad worseworst many(much)moremost littlelessleast farfatherfarthest（只指距离）或 further furthest等等 副词的比较级和最高级：1.以ly 结尾的副词，除early 变为 earlier 和 earliest 外， 其余一 律在其前加more 和most。 如：carefully more carefully most carefully2.规则变化直接加er 和 est 。 如：fastfasterfastest3.不规则变化 如：well better best badly worse worst等等 形容词变副词的规则：1.一般情况下直接加ly，如quick-quickly2. 以y结尾的,先将y改成i,再加ly，如happy-happily3.少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。例如：true-truly等，但绝 大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。例如：polite-politely等 练习1、 写出下列形容词或副词的比较级与最高级形式：long wide fat heavy few brightly bably far quickly happy good 二、用所给词的正确形式填空：1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the (clever).2. Gold(黄金) is (little) useful than iron(铁).3. My sister is two years (old ) than I.4. The (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones.5. The boy is not so (interesting) as his brother.6. Dick sings (well), she sings (well) than John, but Mary sings (well) in her class.7.She will be much (happy) in her mew house.三、选择填空：1He feels _ today than yesterday. A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired2. Which do you like _ , coffee, tea or milk? A. the worst B. worse C. the worse D. worst3. The line is _ than that one. A. more longer B. not longer C. much more longer D. many more longer4. The book is _ of the two. A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest5. She looks _ than she does. A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older6. The garden is becoming _. A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautiful C. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler7. This box is that one. A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as8. This book is that one， but than that one. A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive C. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive9. I think the story is not so as that one. A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting10. Of all these subjects，I like Chinese . A. more B. better C. well D. best11. Who jumps _ in your class？ A. far B. farther C. farthest D. longerUnit2 频度副词1.定义：表示抽象的次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。（1）常用的频度副词按频率发生的高低依次为 alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomhardly evernever e.g.He hardly never exercises.他几乎从不锻炼。 （表示具体的次数、频率时，一次用once，两次用twice，三次及以 上用“基数词+times”表示。） e.g.I play soccer twice a week.我每周踢两次足球。 She watches TV four times a week.她每周看四次电视。2.在句中的位置（1）一般放在实义动词前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。 e.g.We never eat junk food.我们从来不吃垃圾食品。 He is sometimes very busy.他有时很忙。（2）有些频度副词也可位于句首，但表示不同的含义（3）对频度副词提问时，用特殊疑问词how often。 e.g.How often do you exerxise? Hardly ever.几乎从不。 练习一、选择题1.-Does Alice often work until 2 a.m.? -No, she does. A. nearly B. certainly C. seldom D. always2. I didnt know you take a bus to school. -Oh, I _ take a bus, but it is snowing today. A. hardly B. never C. sometimes D. usually3. -Were you often late for school last term, Tom? -No, _. I got to school early every day. A. Always B. Usually C. Sometimes D. Never4. How often do you go to a concert? -_ ever. Im not interested in that at all. A. Usually B. Hardly C. Almost D.Sometimes5. -John sings so well. Has he ever been trained? -No. He learns all by himself. He goes to any training class. A. usually B. often C. never D. even 6.Miss Gao is very popular with her students. -Yes. Her classes are _ lively and interesting. A. seldom B. never C. sometimes