高中语文论文从十年的高考题看what在名词性从句中的作用.doc

从十年的高考题看what在名词性从句中的作用What作为关系词是英语名词性从句中学习的重点，也是学生正确使用的一大难点。从2000年到2009年来的十年高考试题中多次对what在名词性从句中的用法进行考查，可见此词在英语学习中的重要地位。下面就根据十年来的全国及各省有关what的高考题分析此词的用法。what引导的名词性从句一般分为四种基本意思：一是关系代词表示“什么”，带有疑问意味；二是关系代词表示“所的（）”，相当于一个先行词后接一个关系代词。 三是关系代词表示“多么”，引导感叹句作名词性从句。四关系形容词用法：作定语，意为所有的，任何的。一. 意思为“什么”, 在高考题中的考查：1. When asked_ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.（2008湖南，29）A. what B. why C. whom D. which句意：当被问及这些孩子们最需要什么的时候，他们的回答是：他们想让自己感觉到他们很重要并且是被爱着的。 （what 在宾语从句中作宾语）2. It is none of your business_ other people think about you. Believe yourself.（2007福建，35）A. how B. what C. which D. when句意：别人如何看待你与你无关，相信自己吧。 （what在主语从句中作宾语）3. -I think its going to be a big problem.（2001北京春，28） -Yes, it could be. -I wonder _ we can do about it.A. if B. how C. what D. that我很想知道我们能对此做什么。 （what在宾语从句中作宾语）4. It is pretty well understood_ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. (2003上海40)A. that B. when C. what D. how今天大家都很清楚是什么控制大气层内外的二氧化碳的流动。 （what在主语从句中作主语）5. I think Father would like to know_ Ive been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note.( 2004湖南，24)A. which B. why C. what D. how我想父亲一定很想知道我一直在忙什么，于是决定给他发个快件。 （what在宾语从句中作宾语）6. -Could you do me a favor？(2006北京，29) -It depends on _ it is.A. which B. whichever C. what D. whatever能帮我个忙吗？ 那要看是什么事了。 （what在宾语从句中作表语）7. Do you have any idea_ is actually going on in the classroom? 2005 辽宁29A. that B. what C. as D. which你知道教室里在干什么吗？ （what在同位语从句中作主语）I just wonder_ that makes him so excited. 2006山东A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is我真不明白到底是什么使他这么激动。 （what在强调句句型中的宾语从句中作主语）二.意思为 “（所）的”，相当于一个先行词后接一个关系代词，通常我们称此句为“所”字句。A。的事情1. _was most important to her, she told me, was her family. （2008山东，23 ） A. It B. This C. What D. As她告诉我，对她来说家庭是最重要的。（what在主语从句中作主语）2. As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses about_ he will do or think. （2008上海，34）A. what B. which C. whom D. that作为他最好的朋友，我能准确猜出他会做什么或想什么。（what在宾语从句中作宾语）3.See the flags on top of the building? That was_ we did this morning.（2006全国1套，23） A. when B. which C. where D. what看到楼顶的旗子了吗？那就是我们今早干的事。（what在表语从句中作宾语）4. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astronauts desire to do is walking in space. (2004上海37)A.where B. what C. that D. how在杨利伟成功完成环绕地球的任务后，我们的宇航员们的愿望是太空行走。（what在主语从句中作宾语）5. Many young people in the west are expected to leave_ could be lifes most important decisionmarriagealmost entirely up to luck. (2009江苏，34)A. as B. that C. which D. what （what在宾语从句中作主语）Bwhat在下列句子中根据句意可以灵活翻译成各种词义：1. Some Children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from _their parents speak at home. （2008浙江，6）A. what B. that C. which D. one。的语言 句意：邻居们都羡慕这个家庭，在这个家庭中父母对待孩子像对待朋友一样。2. The companies are working together to create _ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. （2008北京，30）A. which B. that C. what D. who。的方式 句意：这些公司正在一起努力创造出他们所希望的21世纪最好的交通方式。3.People in Chongqing are proud of _ they have achieved in the past ten years.（2008重庆34）A. that B. which C. what D. how。的成就 重庆人以他们在近十年中取得的成就而感到自豪。4.The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make_ it is.（2007天津15）A. what B. which C. how D. where。的样子 句意：这里的海滨每年都会吸引大量游客，温暖的阳光和松软的沙滩便是其魅力所在。（现在这个样子）5. Choosing the right dictionary depends on_ you want to use it for.（2007江苏，25）A. what B. why C. where D. which。的目的 句意：选择一本适当的字典要取决于你的目的。6.The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _ he thought was not enough.（ 2005山东，26）A. where B. how C. what D. which。的钱数/ 价格 句意；那位店主不想以他认为不够高的价格出售他的商品。7. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed. (2004上海春)A. as B. which C. what D. that。的速度 前几天，我弟弟开着车以我认为危险的高速驶过街道。8. By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of _ you read. (2007上海春，36)A. that B. what C. which D. whether。的内容 通过改进阅读技巧，你可以阅读更快，对内容理解更多。9. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. (2004 天津35)A. what B. which C. that D. where。的地方 在十年前曾是一片荒地的地方建立起一座现代化城市。三what意思为“多么”，引导的感叹句充当名词性从句。I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize_ silly mistakes I had made. (2005 湖南35)A. what B. that C. how D. which我对她的话感到惊讶，它使我意识到我犯了多么愚蠢的错误啊。四关系形容词用法：作定语，意为所的，任何的。what+名词= as much / many+名词 as； 或all + 名词 + 关系代词that 此用法在高考试题中虽还未出现，各地练习中已经开始出现，应当引起重视。I gave him what books