讲稿Windows程序基本结构.doc

Windows程序基本结构一、程序入口 WinMain基本形式：1、注册窗口类2、创建窗口3、显示窗口4、更新窗口5、处理消息循环 二、消息处理函数 由窗口的窗口类指定，处理用户消息 三、程序示例#include LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ; int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow) static TCHAR szAppName = TEXT(HelloWin) ; HWND hwnd ; MSG msg ; WNDCLASS wndclass ; wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ; wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc ; wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0 ; wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0 ; wndclass.hInstance = hInstance ; wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ; wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ; wndclass.hbrBackground= (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ; wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL ; wndclass.lpszClassName= szAppName ; if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass) MessageBox ( NULL, TEXT (This program requires Windows NT!), szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ; return 0 ; hwnd = CreateWindow( szAppName, / window class name TEXT (The Hello Program), / window caption WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, / window style CW_USEDEFAULT,/ initial x position CW_USEDEFAULT,/ initial y position CW_USEDEFAULT,/ initial x size CW_USEDEFAULT,/ initial y size NULL, / parent window handle NULL, / window menu handle hInstance, / program instance handle NULL) ; / creation parameters ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ; UpdateWindow (hwnd) ; while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0) TranslateMessage (&msg) ; DispatchMessage (&msg) ; return msg.wParam ; LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) HDC hdc ; PAINTSTRUCT ps ; RECT rect ; switch (message) case WM_PAINT: hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ; GetClientRect (hwnd, &rect) ; DrawText (hdc, TEXT (Hello, Windows Programming!), -1, &rect, DT_SINGLELINE | DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER) ; EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ; return 0 ; case WM_DESTROY: PostQuitMessage(0) ; return 0 ; case WM_CLOSE: MessageBox(NULL, TEXT (try close ), test, MB_ICONERROR); PostQuitMessage(0) ; return 0 ; return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ; 四、例子程序中用到的函数 LoadIcon 加载图标供程序使用。 LoadCursor 加载鼠标光标供程序使用。 GetStockObject 取得一个图形对象（在这个例子中，是取得绘制窗口背景的画刷对象）。 RegisterClass 为程序窗口注册窗口类别。 MessageBox 显示消息框。 CreateWindow 根据窗口类别建立一个窗口。 ShowWindow 在屏幕上显示窗口。 UpdateWindow 指示窗口自我更新。 GetMessage 从消息队列中取得消息。 TranslateMessage 转译某些键盘消息。 DispatchMessage 将消息发送给窗口消息处理程序。 BeginPaint 开始绘制窗口。 GetClientRect 取得窗口显示区域的大小。 DrawText 显示字符串。 EndPaint 结束绘制窗口。 PostQuitMessage 在消息队列中插入一个退出程序消息。 DefWindowProc 执行内定的消息处理。TypeDefinitionATOMAtom. For more information, see Atoms.BOOLBoolean variable (should be TRUE or FALSE).BOOLEANBoolean variable (should be TRUE or FALSE).BYTEByte (8 bits).CALLBACKCalling convention for callback functions.CHAR8-bit Windows (ANSI) character. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.COLORREFRed, green, blue (RGB) color value (32 bits). See COLORREF for information on this type.CONSTVariable whose value is to remain constant during execution.CRITICAL_SECTIONCritical-section object. For more information, see Critical Section Objects.DWORD32-bit unsigned integer. DWORD_PTRUnsigned long type for pointer precision. Use when casting a pointer to a long type to perform pointer arithmetic.DWORD3232-bit unsigned integer.DWORD6464-bit unsigned integer.FLOATFloating-point variable.HACCELHandle to an accelerator table.HANDLEHandle to an object.HBITMAPHandle to a bitmap.HBRUSHHandle to a brush.HCONVHandle to a dynamic data exchange (DDE) conversation.HCONVLISTHandle to a DDE conversation list.HCURSORHandle to a cursor.HDCHandle to a device context (DC).HDDEDATAHandle to DDE data.HDESKHandle to a desktop.HDROPHandle to an internal drop structure.HDWPHandle to a deferred window position structure.HENHMETAFILEHandle to an enhanced metafile.HFILEHandle to a file opened by OpenFile, not CreateFile.HFONTHandle to a font.HGDIOBJHandle to a GDI object.HGLOBALHandle to a global memory block.HHOOKHandle to a hook.HICONHandle to an icon.HIMAGELISTHandle to an image list.HIMCHandle to input context.HINSTANCEHandle to an instance.HKEYHandle to a registry key.HKLInput locale identifier.HLOCALHandle to a local memory block.HMENUHandle to a menu.HMETAFILEHandle to a metafile.HMODULEHandle to a module.HMONITORHandle to a display monitor.HPALETTEHandle to a palette.HPENHandle to a pen.HRGNHandle to a region.HRSRCHandle to a resource.HSZHandle to a DDE string.HWINSTAHandle to a window station.HWNDHandle to a window.INT32-bit signed integer.INT_PTRSigned integral type for pointer precision. Use when casting a pointer to an integer to perform pointer arithmetic.INT3232-bit signed integer. INT6464-bit signed integer. LANGIDLanguage identifier. For more information, see Locales.LCIDLocale identifier. For more information, see Locales.LCTYPELocale information type. For a list, see Locale and Language InformationLONG32-bit signed integer.LONG_PTRSigned long type for pointer precision. Use when casting a pointer to a long to perform pointer arithmetic.LONG3232-bit signed integer.LONG6464-bit signed integer.LONGLONG64-bit signed integer.LPARAMMessage parameter.LPBOOLPointer to a BOOL.LPBYTEPointer to a BYTE.LPCOLORREFPointer to a COLORREF value.LPCRITICAL_SECTIONPointer to a CRITICAL_SECTION.LPCSTRPointer to a constant null-terminated string of 8-bit Windows (ANSI) characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.LPCTSTRAn LPCWSTR if UNICODE is defined, an LPCSTR otherwise.LPCVOIDPointer to a constant of any type.LPCWSTRPointer to a constant null-terminated string of 16-bit Unicode characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.LPDWORDPointer to a DWORD.LPHANDLEPointer to a HANDLE.LPINTPointer to an INT.LPLONGPointer to a LONG.LPSTRPointer to a null-terminated string of 8-bit Windows (ANSI) characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.LPTSTRAn LPWSTR if UNICODE is defined, an LPSTR otherwise.LPVOIDPointer to any type.LPWORDPointer to a WORD.LPWSTRPointer to a null-terminated string of 16-bit Unicode characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.LRESULTSigned result of message processing.LUIDLocally unique identifier.PBOOLPointer to a BOOL.PBOOLEANPointer to a BOOL.PBYTEPointer to a BYTE.PCHARPointer to a CHAR.PCRITICAL_SECTIONPointer to a CRITICAL_SECTION.PCSTRPointer to a constant null-terminated string of 8-bit Windows (ANSI) characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.PCTSTRA PCWSTR if UNICODE is defined, a PCSTR otherwise.PCWCHPointer to a constant WCHAR.PCWSTRPointer to a constant null-terminated string of 16-bit Unicode characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.PDWORDPointer to a DWORD.PFLOATPointer to a FLOAT.PHANDLEPointer to a HANDLE.PHKEYPointer to an HKEY.PINTPointer to an INT.PLCIDPointer to an LCID.PLONGPointer to a LONG.PLUIDPointer to a LUID.POINTER_3232-bit pointer. On a 32-bit system, this is a native pointer. On a 64-bit system, this is a truncated 64-bit pointer. POINTER_6464-bit pointer. On a 64-bit system, this is a native pointer. On a 32-bit system, this is a sign-extended 32-bit pointer.PSHORTPointer to a SHORT.PSTRPointer to a null-terminated string of 8-bit Windows (ANSI) characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.PTBYTEPointer to a TBYTE.PTCHARPointer to a TCHAR.PTSTRA PWSTR if UNICODE is defined, a PSTR otherwise.PUCHARPointer to a UCHAR.PUINTPointer to a UINT.PULONGPointer to a ULONG.PUSHORTPointer to a USHORT.PVOIDPointer to any type.PWCHARPointer to a WCHAR.PWORDPointer to a WORD.PWSTRPointer to a null-terminated string of 16-bit Unicode characters. For more information, see Character Sets Used By Fonts.REGSAMSecurity access mask for registry key.SC_HANDLEHandle to a service control manager database. For more information, see SCM Handles.SC_LOCKHandle to a service control manager database lock. For more informati