2019年山东省临沂市中考英语专项复习训练：阅读理解

阅读理解第一节阅读理解判断正误型Test 1AOn a farm lived a father and a son. The father always got up early and read books by the stove. One morning, the son came up to him and said, “Dad, I read books at night but forget most of them the next morning. Whats the good of reading？”The father didnt reply to his question at once. He passed him a basket that was used to carry coal. He said, “Get some water from the river with the basket and then Ill tell you the answer.”The son felt surprised but he did as his father said. He tried many times but every time the water leaked(漏掉) from the basket.An hour later, the son came back with the empty basket and told his father it was impossible to hold water with the basket. The father said with a smile. “Yes, you are right, my son. The basket cant hold water. But did you notice the basket was different？” The son found the dirty basket had become clean. The father continued, “Reading is like holding water with the basket. Although we cant remember all we read, we have changed while reading.”根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。1The father was used to reading in the morning.()2The son wondered if reading was good for him.()3The father didnt answer his sons question because he thought it was stupid.()4The basket had no difference after the son used it to get water from the river.()5From the passage, we know that reading can make a difference to a person.()BOne day, little Roy was ill. So his mother took him to the clinic(诊所). A doctor examined him and said, “Well, boy, there is something wrong with you. Im afraid you need to get injections(输液) twice a day. Then you will feel better soon. A nurse will give you the injection later.” Roy thought it would hurt so he was afraid.His mother wanted to comfort him, “Sweetie, dont be nervous. Im here. If youre brave, Ill take you to the zoo on weekends. I promise！”“Great! Mum, I love animals！” said Roy.Just then a young nurse came and said to him with a smile, “I am going to give you the injection now, Roy. Where do you want it? Left arm or right arm？”But Roy got scared again. He thought for a while and asked, “Nobody has let me choose that before. Must I choose now？”“Yes, Roy，” the nurse replied, “Where do you want it？”“Well，” Roy answered in a low voice, “I want it in your left arm, please.”根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。6Roys mother took him to the clinic because of his illness.()7The doctor told Roy he needed to get injections twice a day.()8Roy thought the doctor would hurt him so he was afraid.()9His mother promised to take him to the zoo on weekdays.()10Finally, the nurse gave the injection on her left arm.()CSometimes, when you worry that you may fail an exam, you end up failing. Or during a seating arrangement(安排) in your class, when you are afraid to sit next to someone you dont like, you end up sharing the desk with him or her.This is what Murphys Law tells us: If things can go wrong, they will go wrong. But is it true?Of the studies about Murphys Law, the most famous one is the buttered toast (烤面包片) phenomenon (现象): One toast with butter falls, it lands butterside down most of the time.To prove this, Robert Matthews did a lot of experiments with more than 1，000 British school kids in 2019.In the first experiment, each student put a piece of buttered toast on a plate, let it fall off 20 times and noted which side it landed on. Of almost 10，000 experiments, toast landed butterside down 62 percent of the time.But you may ask: Is it the butter that plays a role? Here comes Matthews second experiment. This time, instead of butter, the toast had a letter “B” written on one side. It still landed 58 percent of the time on the Bside.This proved that Murphys Law is true: If the toast can land butterside down, it will do so. Matthews did another experiment. When students threw the toast from a height of 2.5 meters, the toast landed butterside down only 47 percent of the time.“Toast lands butterside down because humans arent tall enough to let it land any other way，” Matthews said.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。11According to Murphys Law, in an English class, if you dont want to be questioned by the teacher, you may end up failing answering the questions.()12In the first experiment of buttered toast, we know the toast landed butterside down about 620 times. ()13If the toast can land butterside down, Murphys Law is true. ()14In the first two experiments, either the butter or the letter “B” plays a role. ()15The passage is mainly talking about Murphys Law depends on peoples mental state(心理状态). ()DStudents are very interested in computers, the Internet and mobile phones. Using new technologies in the classroom can be very helpful for them.Mobile phones can be very useful in the classroom. When students speak or act, teachers can use them to record students, take photos and show them to students. Using mobile phones in class is a fun way of doing some interesting language work.How to use the Internet and mobile phones in class? Please remember the following key points (要点)： Use the Internet with your students in many different ways, if possible. Try to find good websites for your students. Use your mobile phone in class to record your students, take photos and play recordings. Ask your students to listen for the pronunciation mistakes when you play the recordings back to them.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。16Students are interested in new technologies.()17Mobile phones are useful but boring in language learning.()18Teachers should find good websites for students.()19Mobile phones can be only used to record students and take photos in class.()20The key points to remember are for students.()Test 2AThere are some famous buildings in the world. Everyone can recognize(认出)them with their imaginations. For example, when you see a picture of sports stadium(体育场) reminds you of a birds nest, you probably know it is the Olympic Stadium in Beijing.In fact, other buildings can be recognized more easily. The shape of the building shows the objects people can see inside. In Guizhou, China, people can visit the Meitan Tea Museum, built in the shape of a big teapot. From far away, the teapotshaped museum looks like some kind of huge work of art. But as one gets closer, the windows make it clear that this is a building.People who are interested in guitars might want to visit the Guitar Museum in Tennessee, USA. The building is shaped like a guitar. Inside, visitors can see all kinds of guitars and learn about famous guitar players.One of the newest funnyshaped museums is a pottery(陶器) museum in Korea. This museum, built in 2019, is shaped just like a traditional Korean pot. Along with seeing examples of pots and tools used for making pots in the museum, visitors can try to make their own pots there.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。1People can recognize some famous buildings with their imaginations.()2According to the colors of some buildings, we can guess what objects are inside.()3The Meitan Tea Museum looks like a huge cup with windows.()4If you are interested in guitar players, you can visit the museum in China.()5You can try to make your own pots in the pottery museum in Korea.()BThe American writer Sally Seaman tells young students some smart ways to find friends. Sally says founding friendship is just like planting a tree. You plant the seed(种子) and take care of it to make it grow.First, you should choose a friend. What makes a good friend? It is not because a person has money or good looks. A good friend should be kind and patient. For example, if you have a bad day, a good friend could listen to your complaints (抱怨) and do his or her best to help you. To make a friend, you cant be too shy. You should make each other happy and share your lives.But things can not always be happy. Even the best friends have fights. What should you do when you have a fight with your friend? You have to talk to him or her. If he or she doesnt want to talk, you can write a letter.There are three steps to be friends again：Tell him or her how you are feeling, say what your friend has done wrong and explain(解释) why you did this or that.Remember that friendship is one of the most important things in your life.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。6Friendship is like a tree.()7To make a friend, you should make each other happy and share your lives.()8A good friend should have money and good looks. ()9Friendship is one of the most important things in your life.()10You dont talk to him or her when you have a fight with your friend.()CAre you happy most of the time? Or do you easily get angry sometimes? Everyone has a different temperament (脾气). It is usually believed that both genes (基因) and environment may influence peoples temperaments in different ways. Scientists have found that the season of the birth also play a role.Scientists from Budapest, Hungary, studied 400 university students. In the study, the students needed to finish some questions to know which of four kinds of temperaments they most had. From the questions, scientists found that the students always answered something like “My mood(情绪) often changes for no reason.” And “I love to deal with new projects, even if it is risky.” These answers were then connected with their birthdays.They discovered that people born in summer easily change between sad and happy moods compared to people born in winter. Those who always feel positive are mostly born in spring and summer.The study also found that those born in fall less probably had a mood of depression which may easily drive them to cry, while those in winter were not easier to be angry.Scientists said that this was probably because the seasons had an influence on certain chemicals in the human body. And the chemicals are important to control peoples moods even in adult life. “It seems that when you are born may increase or decrease your chance of developing certain mood disorders.” scientist Xenia Gonda told the Telegraph.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。11Ages probably may influence peoples temperaments according to Paragraph 1.()12The underlined word “depression” most probably means sadness.()13The answers to the questions of the study were matched with their birthdays.()14People born in winter get sad or happy more easily.()15The best title of this passage is “The Influence of Genes”()DOur skin is like a bag that we live in. Inside the bag our bodies are mostly water. Our water is like the water in the sea. It is very salty. Also, like the ocean, we can lose our water. The wind and the sun could take it away. Our bag of skin keeps our bodys ocean from drying up.Our skin keeps out sunshine. Too much sunshine can hurt us. Skin also keeps out dirt. Thats important because some kinds of dirt can make us sick. Our skin feels things. It feels warm things, cold things, things it touches, and things that hurt it. A campfire feels warm. A snowball thrown in our face feels cold and hurts us. A hug is the touch of another persons skin on our own.Our hair is a special kind of covering. It helps us keep things out of our eyes, ears and nose. Hair is also good for keeping us warm. When we get goose bumps(鸡皮疙瘩), our body hairs stand up. Then the hairs hold air close to our skin like a thick blanket(毯子). Hair keeps animals warm, too. Some animals have more hair than others, so they have a better blanket for cold weather.Our nails(指甲) are another special skin which are very hard. They help keep our fingers from getting hurt. Our nails arent as strong as the nails that animals have. But they are good for picking up coins.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。16Our skin is like a bag full of salt.()17Our skin keeps out dirt and sunshine.()18Our skin helps us feel things, touch or hurt others.()19Our hair helps protect our eyes, ears and nose.()20Our nails are weaker than the nails that animals have but can keep our fingers safe.()Test 3ATeeth are very important for our health. They will be our lifelong friends. So we should learn to protect them at a very young age. Here are some tips：First, we should eat right.*Dont eat too much candy or drink too much cola, or our teeth will go bad easily.*Have more cheese, milk and yogurt to make teeth strong.*Eat more vegetables and fruits to help clean teeth.Second, we should keep these numbers in mind.*2/DayBrush your teeth at least twice a day: in the morning and before bedtime.*23 MinutesBrush for at least two to three minutes every time.*3 MonthsGet a new toothbrush every three months.*6 MonthsGo to the dentist every six months for a checkup.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。1Were too young, so we neednt start protecting our teeth.()2Cheese, milk and yogurt can keep our teeth strong.()3We shouldnt brush our teeth after lunch.()4We can brush our teeth for only one minute each time.()5At least four toothbrushes should be used in a year.()BDo you have a nickname(昵称)? Most of us do by our looks, clothing, or personality. But for cities, the meaning of their nicknames has much more than that.Many big cities have nicknames, such as New YorkThe Big Apple, LondonThe Great Smog, and RomeThe Eternal(永恒的) City. Why do cities have such nicknames?In the 1920s, there were many races in New York. People called the prizes of these races apples. Writer John J. Fitzgerald first called New York the Big Apple, because New York is the place that many people dreamed of going to for the biggest prize of all.For Rome, as the name suggests, the answer is simple. Romans believed that no matter what happened to the world, Rome would go on forever. Rome has been an important center of power for more than 2，000 years.As for London, in the Victorian period, it had problems with its air. Later in 1952, serious air pollution made 10，000 people fall ill. But now the air of London has become better.Does that sound interesting? Does your city have a nickname?根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。6Most of us get our nicknames only by our looks.()7The Great Smog is the nickname of London.()8The nickname of New York was given by Writer John J. Fitzgerald.()9Rome has been an important center of power for 2，000 years.()10Later in 1952, the air of London became better.()CHave you ever seen a horse with toes? Millions of years ago, horses had many toes. They had four toes on each front foot. They had three toes on each back foot. The horses were no bigger than the cats. These small horses lived in the forest. The toes helped the horses run on the soft, wet ground.At first, it was very hot in the forest. But the weather changed. It became very cold. Many trees could not live in cold weather. The trees died and fell. Open fields took the place of forests. The sun made the ground dry and hard.Horses began to change, too. They began to get bigger. This took a long time. On the dry, hard land, horses needed only their middle toes for running. Their middle toes became hard. After a long time, horses had only one hard toe on each foot. Now we call this hard toe a hoof(蹄子)根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。11A horse had fourteen toes in total millions of years ago.()12At first the weather in the forest was very hot.()13The horses were much bigger than the cats millions of years ago.()14On the dry, hard land, horses needed only their middle toes for running.()15Horses didnt have any changes over the years at all.()DAs we know, all living things have to eat food. For a man, a tiger, a fish, a bird, or even a worm, food is necessary. Generally speaking, all living things are sure to die without food. In every part of the world, many different kinds of animals share living places and live in communities(群落) together. They are connected in a food chain(链)Within a food chain, some living things are producers and some are consumers(消费者). Plants are producers because they use sunlight, soil and other things to make their own food. Animals are consumers because they have to eat other animals or plants.There are four different kinds of consumers in the animal kingdom. A carnivore is an animal that only eats other animals. An herbivore is an animal that only eats plants. An omnivore is an animal that eats both plants and animals. A scavenger is an animal that eats dead animals.Look at the picture. It is an example of a food chain. The food chain shows the order that animals eat each other in a community. In the picture, you can see what animal or plant is food for another animal. See? A leaf is food for a grasshopper, which then becomes food for a hungry mouse. The mouse is food for a snake. The snake is eaten by an eagle. In this way, all of these animals are connected.根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。16The main idea of the passage is “Four kinds of consumers”()17The underlined word “scavenger” means “腐生动物” in Chinese.()18The food for a mouse according to the picture is a grasshopper.()19All kinds of animals share their living places with others.()20There are some living things which dont need to eat food.()Test 4ABuilding friendships is a lifelong job but is worth spending time. Also, its important to keep in touch with friends.Advice on making new friendsAdvice on keeping friendsTry to be open to new experiences and relationships.Join clubs or volunteer organizations. These activities will give you a chance to communicate with people who share similar interests.Go on with iteven if you dont feel comfortable. It takes time to build friendships