【AS澳大利亚标准】AS1544.2-2003Methodsforimpacttestsonmetals-CharpyV-notch.doc

as 1544.22003licensed to colin m. lorrimar mts met on 22 may 2007. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.as 1544.2australian standardmethod for impact tests on metalspart 2: charpy v-notchthe standard is downloaded from standard sharingthis australian standard was prepared by committee mt-006, mechanical testing of metals. it was approved on behalf of the council of standards australia on15 august 2003 and published on 19 september 2003.the following are represented on committee mt-006: australasian railway associationaustralasian aluminium councilaustralian industry grouplicensed to colin m. lorrimar mts met on 22 may 2007. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.bureau of steel manufacturers of australiacsiro measurement laboratorycsiro telecommunications and industry physicsinstitute of materials engineering australasiakeeping standards up-to-datestandards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and systems. to maintain their currency, all standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. between editions, amendments may be issued. standards may also be withdrawn. it is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the standard was purchased.detailed information about standards can be found by visiting the standards australia web site at .au and looking up the relevant standard in the on-line catalogue.alternatively, the printed catalogue provides information current at 1 january each year, and the monthly magazine, the global standard, has a full listing of revisions and amendments published each month.we also welcome suggestions for improvement in our standards, and especially encourage readers to notify us immediately of any apparent inaccuracies or ambiguities. contact us via email at .au, or write to the chief executive, standards australia international ltd, gpo box 5420, sydney, nsw2001.this standard was issued in draft form for comment as dr 03087.as 1544.22003licensed to colin m. lorrimar mts met on 22 may 2007. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.australian standardmethod for impact tests on metalspart 2: charpy v-notchoriginated as as b188.21962. previous edition as 1544.21989. third edition 2003.copyright standards australia internationalall rights are reserved. no part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher.published by standards australia international ltdgpo box 5420, sydney, nsw 2001, australiaisbn 0 7337 5042 73as 1544.22003the standard is downloaded from standard sharingprefacethis standard was prepared by the standards australia committee mt-006, mechanicaltesting of metals, to supersede as 1544.21989, methods for impact tests on metals, part2: charpy v-notch.the objective of this standard is to specify a method for testing toughness in metals by impact testing.this standard is method 2 of a series of standards on the methods for impact testing of metals. the series comprises the following methods:as1544method for impact tests on metals1544.1part 1: izodlicensed to colin m. lorrimar mts met on 22 may 2007. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.1544.2part 2: charpy v-notch1544.3part 3: charpy u-notch and keyhole notch1544.4part 4: calibration of the test machine1544.5part 5: assessment of fracture surfaces appearance of steelresearch indicates that significant differences in absorbed energy are obtained using machines fitted with 2 mm radius strikers and 8 mm radius strikers at absorbed energy values exceeding 100 joules.the term normative has been used in this standard to define the application of the appendix to which it applies. a normative appendix is an integral part of a standard.licensed to colin m. lorrimar mts met on 22 may 2007. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.contentspageforeword . 41scope .5 2referenced documents . 53definitions . 54testing machine . 65test piece . 96procedure . 117report . 13appendicesainstallation, calibration and maintenance of thetesting machine . 14brecord of test results . 1717as 1544.22003the standard is downloaded from standard sharingforewordthe charpy v-notch impact test is a pendulum-type single-blow impact test in which the test piece, v-notched in the middle and supported at both ends as a simple beam, is broken by a falling pendulum which strikes the test piece opposite the notch. the energy absorbed is determined from the subsequent rise of the pendulum.the satisfactory operation of a pendulum impact testing machine is dependent on factors which include the design, the foundation, the accuracy of construction of machine components, the degree of wear, and the friction-free movement of the pendulum.licensed to colin m. lorrimar mts met on 22 may 2007. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.during a test, all the absorbed energy indicated by the machine is attributed to the fracturing of the test piece. however, it is known that there are other mechanisms by which small amounts of energy may be absorbed. it is suspected that items such as test piece supports, the machine foundation and frame work, the pendulum and striker, ejection and drag of the broken test piece cause some degree of energy absorption. this energy is not determined, as suitable methods and apparatus have not yet been developed for measuring energy absorption by these individual .au standards australialicensed to colin m. lorrimar mts met on 22 may 2007. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.standards australiaaustralian standardmethod for impact tests on metalspart 2: charpy v-notch1 scopethis standard specifies the conditions for performing the charpy v-notch impact test on metals. it also includes requirements for the installation of the testing machine, its initial and periodic calibration, and recommendations for its maintenance by the user.2 referenced documentsthe following documents below are referred to in this standard: as1544method for impact tests on metals1544.4part 4: calibration of the testing machine1544.5part 5: assessment of fracture surface appearance of steeliso148steelcharpy impact test (v-notch)astme23methods for notched bar impact testing of metallic materials3 definitionsfor the purpose of this standard, the definitions below apply.3.1 centre of percussionthat point in a pendulum at which a blow, delivered in a tangential direction, will cause no reaction at the centre of rotation.3.2 initial potential energythe energy theoretically available in a pendulum-type impact testing machine when the pendulum is returned from its striking position to its initial release position.3.3 length of pendulumthe distance from the axis of rotation of the pendulum to the impact point of the pendulum, on a standard test piece.3.4 point of impactthe midpoint of the line of contact between the striking edge and the test piece.3.5 samplea portion of material or a group of items selected from a batch or consignment by a sampling procedure.3.6 secondary standard test piecescharpy test pieces having an assigned impact value obtained from tests performed upon a verified testing machine.the standard is downloaded from standard sharing3.7 standardized test piecescharpy test pieces from a nationally recognized source which have certified impact values for testing machine verification purposes.3.8 striking energythe kinetic energy of the pendulum of the testing machine at the instant of impact.3.9 striking velocitythe linear velocity of the striking edge at the instant of impact.3.10 test piecea prepared piece for testing, made from a test specimen by some mechanical operation.3.11 test specimenlicensed to colin m. lorrimar mts met on 22 may 2007. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.a portion of material, or a single item taken from the sample, for the purpose of applying a particular test.3.12 verificationproving of calibration procedures by testing of standardized test pieces.4 testing machine4.1 generalthe testing machine shall be of the pendulum type, and shall be so constructed that the loss of energy (such as from translation, rotation or vibration) in the machine framework and pendulum during a test, is negligible (see iso 148).under certain circumstances, charpy machines meeting the requirements of astm e23 shall be deemed to comply with this standard.machines that have been calibrated to astm e23 may be used for testing with thisstandard provided that the minimum specified energy is equal to or less than 100 joules.note: machines complying with this standard and that have been calibrated to as 1544.4 do not meet the requirements of astm e23.4.2 installation, calibration and maintenancethe machine shall be installed and calibrated in accordance with paragraphs a1 and a2 of appendix a. it shall be recalibrated periodically, and when otherwise necessary, in accordance with paragraph a2 of appendix a.the machine should be maintained in satisfactory working order and condition in the intervals between successive recalibrations, in accordance with paragraph a3 of appendix a.4.3 test piece supportsthe test piece supports consist of two mutually perpendicular surfaces extending on each side of, and normal to, the plane of swing of the pendulum. essentially, one of these divided surfaces supports the weight of the test piece and the other takes the reaction from the impact blow on the test piece. the corresponding parts of the divided surfaces are coplanar. the level of the supports shall be such that the longitudinal axis of a supported test piece is parallel within 2:1000 to the reference surface of the machine.the supports shall be of hardened steel. they shall be attached rigidly to the frame of the machine and shall satisfy the following conditions (see figure 1):(a) distance between supports . 40 +0.5,-0 mm. (b)radius of curvature . 1.0 mm to 1.5 .au standards australialicensed to colin m. lorrimar mts met on 22 may 2007. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.(c) taper of supports (see note 1) . 1 0.1 in 5. (d)angle of supports (see note 2) . 90 0.1 degrees.notes:1machines manufactured with supports having an included angle of 78 degrees to80 degrees are acceptable.2a relieving recess is provided at the junction of the two support surfaces.4.4 strikerthe striker and its components shall comply with the following requirements: (a)the striker shall be of hardened steel.(b) the striker shall be attached rigidly to the pendulum and shall satisfy the following conditions (see figure 1):(i) included angle of striker. 30 1 degrees. (ii)radius of curvature of striking edge .2.0 mm to 2.5 mm. (iii)maximum width of striker . 18 mm.note: the maximum width requirement applies to any part of the pendulum whichpasses between the supports for a distance of 7.5 mm from the centre of a supported standard test piece in a direction parallel to the striking edge. for reasons outlined in clause 4.5, widths less than 18 mm are desirable to ensure that adequate clearance can be maintained.(c) the striking edge shall be rounded with a smooth profile blending with the faces of the striker.(d) the plane of swing of the striking edge shall be within 0.5 mm of the centre of the gap between the supports. it shall also be vertical and normal to the supports.(e) when the striking edge is 10 mm away from the plane of the reaction surface of the supports, it shall be parallel within 0.03 mm in 10 mm to this plane.(f) when the striking edge makes contact with the test piece, the line of contact shall be perpendicular within 2 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the test piece.in addition, the striker shall be symmetrical about the plane of the swing of the striking edge.4.5 test piece clearancethe requirements for the geometry of the test piece, test piece supports and striker at the instant of impact are such as to ensure clearance between the striker, the broken halves of the test piece and the supports, during the test. however, this clearance can be lost as a result of asymmetry of the striker or a change in alignment of the pendulum.the clearance between the supports and striker, or any adjacent part of the pendulum which passes between the supports, shall be not less than 10.5 mm.the broken test piece should be free to leave the machine with the minimum of interference, and should not rebound into the pendulum.any end stop used for locating the test piece in the supports shall be retracted in order that it does not impede the movement of the test piece during the test.note: clearance of 13 mm should be used to ensure the specimen does not interfere with the striker.4.6 centre of percussionthe distance of the centre of percussion from the axis of rotation shall be equal to the length of the pendulum, 1 percent.the standard is downloaded from standard sharing4.7 striking velocitythe striking velocity shall be 4.5 to 7.0 m/s. in the case of a dispute 5 to 5.5 m/s shall be used.4.8 indicating equipmentfor scales graduated in joules, the scale intervals shall not exceed 1 j for machines having a striking energy of 160 j or less, or 2 j for machines having a striking energy greater than160 j.dimensions in millimetresfigure 1 arrangement of supports, test piece and strikerfor scales graduated in other units, the scale intervals shall not exceed 1 percent of the maximum scale value.the thickness of the scale marks and the width of the tip of the pointer shall not exceed one fifth of the minimum scale spacing. the pointer should permit a reading free from parallax error.the length of the smallest scale mark should not be less than 2.5 mm.4.9 zero readingwhen the machine is operated normally but without a test piece in position, the reading indicated by the pointer is the zero reading. this reading shall not exceed 0.5 percent of the nominal initial potential energy (see paragraph a3.4 of appendix a).4.10 friction losseslicensed to colin m. lorrimar mts met on 22 may 2007. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.energy is absorbed by friction, including air resistance, bearing friction and friction of the pointer. the total losses by friction for one swing shall not exceed 0.5 percent of the initial potential energy (see paragraph a3.5 of appendix a).licensed to colin m. lorrimar mts met on 22 may 2007. 1 user personal user licence only. storage, distribution or use on network prohibited.4.11 initial potential energythe initial potential energy shall not differ from the nominal value by more than 1 percent. (see as 1544.4 for the method of determining initial potential energy.)4.12 indicated absorbed energythe error in indicated absorbed energy shall not exceed 3 percent of the energy corresponding to