外文翻译--浅谈自装卸汽车及附加装置的运用

附 录 motor vehicles and the use of additional devices Self-loading vehicle arm (also known as hydraulic multi-energy vehicles and fighting for self-loading and unloading trucks) is characterized by separate cargo body fight with the implementation of a goods vehicle and a number of joint fighting operations, the cycle of transport, which can Self-loading dump containers, precast, machine equipment, bulk materials. The use of the car changed a number of operating the previous system under which the motor transport vehicle must be equipped with cranes or loaders, forklifts, loading and unloading as well as the need for workers in many ways, and saved the car and truck loading of the waiting time, increased turnover of motor vehicles and utilization, thus saving a great deal of manpower, material and financial resources to enhance economic efficiency. At present, the arm-type self-loading vehicle mainly used for mining of mineral aggregate loading, transport and dump, factory parts and rough handling and waste dumping, and construction waste from the handling, more clearance for the urban sanitation sector transportation of refuse. Arm as a result of self-loading cargo vehicles and body is separate from the fighting, using fixed-point garbage collection from time to time. Thus, in particular focal point for residents, as well as the market changes with the seasons the amount of waste sites. Dump it and refuse collection vehicles and forklift formula and flip-shaped seal trash dump trash garbage truck with a circular intake compared Yun, can effectively overcome the operation of the secondary dust and noise pollution. Arm-type truck with a low investment and low operating costs, maintenance and convenient, less noise, no secondary dust pollution, etc. Yang. The drawback is the size of the litter bucket, and can not be placed in the narrow streets, while in transit light foam filled refuse to take full advantage of easy self-loading vehicle arm, some cities have begun to establish a centralized garbage removal station, the use of small land transport equipment (such as human dump 3) refuse to focus on narrow streets in the refuse collection points (floor), and then installed in self-loading arm dedicated junk car in the bucket, and then outward through the self-loading dump truck. It solved the problem of narrow streets could not place the issue of special garbage bucket. To address self-loading arm in the process of motor transport issues dusty materials, Special Purpose VehicleNanning has been designed and built two more effective anti-dust materials, additional devices and drivers can be manipulated to drive the entire operating room Process control device shaft. Are presented below. 1, the activities of the vehicle hydraulic cargo canopy This is to prevent the arm of a self-contained hopper car loading and unloading of materials from blowing out of the vehicle cargo canopy. The structure of the device as shown in Figure 1. Its working principle is: to promote the distribution of hydraulic valve joystick , hydraulic oil into the fuel tank on the cavity, the extended piston rod back, while driving the main arm to the car in front of swing in the tarp , under the canopy of the self and the main arm driven by its front-end articulated main arm , so that folding the sheeting under the lotus back then, under the support of opening up, in the cargo box form a closed top of the Ji Flip cover So that is not contained in the transportation field were filled. When the joystick struck the opposite side, the oil into the fuel tank of the cavity, the protruding rod back, while driving the main arm to the car in front of swing, in the sheeting , Peng-rod self-respect and the main arm Under the impetus of sheeting , Peng-rod and the main arm sequence neatly folded in boxes weeks before the edge, the canopy opened, is expected to facilitate loading and unloading cargo. The device structure is simple and easy to use, especially suitable for the shape of the size of cargo bucket inconsistent. Stacker hopper occasions too, such as good use of cover, fighting to prevent the material goods in the transportation out of dust. 2, swing-wing self-loading automatic car cover The new device structure as shown in Figure 2. When the arm-type self-loading vehicle operations, to manipulate the distribution of multi-way valve stem so that the car swings arms back, when Hopper was slowly lifting, at the same time, as the arm and fixed in the frame side on the small pulley gradually widened the distance that the rope the role of the length of stretch, this time through the wire rope to pull pulley and shaft , with the shaft link a fixed rear cover. Then gradually open up. When the pendulum swing back to the largest angle (that is unloaded or loaded Doo Doo), the rear cover has also opened up to the maximum point of view, are not to affect the loading or unloading hopper. Action in the above-mentioned process, as a result of the front cover through the connecting arm empty set of fixed beams in the arm , so the former self-covered under the arm placed in the vertical with the ground manipulation of self-handling car so that after the swing arm for operating the dumping of operations in the interior height of the front cover lifted. Automatically cover the wing structure is simple and no special operation when used with other types of enclosures covered compared to savings of time and energy, elegant shape, covered with a good hopper to prevent the material from blowing out during transport . Arm of the two self-loading and unloading of motor vehicles Therefore, the role of the former self-cover, the arm placed in the vertical with the ground before the front cover is always tight cover of the hopper. When the arm continues to swing back, the front cover self-lap, the left (on the icon in terms of) when shaft can not continue to lap, when the front cover with the arm before and after lifted up, placed in the largest arm angle, the front and back covers are lifted up, the shape of the wings to take off. At this point, you can do for fighting and has no effect on operations. When the manipulation of self-handling car so that after the swing arm for operating the dumping of materials, dumping hopper to achieve perspective, the rear cover open up to the point of view of a considerable discharge does not affect operation. The front cover as a result of self-hood has always been tight right hopper Department, the work does not affect the discharge. The front cover is designed to sway with the weight and to reduce operations in the interior height of the front cover lifted. Automatically cover the wing structure is simple and no special operation when used with other types of enclosures covered compared to savings of time and energy, elegant shape, covered with a good hopper to prevent the material from blowing out during transport . Arm of the two self-loading and unloading of vehicles attached devices, can effectively prevent materials from blowing out during transport, but their advantages and disadvantages. General self-loading arm in loading and unloading motor vehicles, the workers can only stand on the side of the body, handling agencies to manipulate the distribution of multi-way valve, so that the arm raise hopper or hopper dumping of materials. This appeared in a lot of inconvenience. 浅谈自装卸汽车及附加装置的运用 摆臂式自装卸汽 车 (也叫液压多能车和可换斗式自装卸车 )的特点是货斗与车体分开，实行一辆车和数个货斗联合作业，循环运输，即能自装自卸集装箱、预制构件、整机设备、散装物料等。该车的使用使许多作业改变了以往那种汽车运输必须配备汽车吊车或装载机、叉车，以至需要许多装卸工人的方式，而该车节省了装载及卸车的等候时间，提高了汽车的周转率和利用率，因而节省了大量的人力、物力和财力，提高了经济效益。 目前，摆臂式自装卸汽车主要用于矿山矿料的装载、运输和自卸，工厂毛坯零件及废料的搬运与倾卸，及建筑垃圾的自装卸， 更多的是用于城市环卫部门清运垃 圾等。由于摆臂式自装卸汽车的车体与货斗是分开的，采用的是定点不定时地收集垃圾。因此，特别适用于居民集中点、集市以及垃圾量随季节变化的地点。它与自卸垃圾车和叉车配方形垃圾箱及倒装密封自卸垃圾车配圆形垃圾桶的收运方式相比，能有效地克服了作业时的二次扬尘和噪声的污染。 摆臂式自卸汽车具有投资少，经营费用低，保养维修方便，噪音少，无二次杨尘污染等优点。其缺点是专用垃圾斗体积大，在狭窄街道不能摆放，同时在运输过程中轻泡垃圾易飞扬为充分利用摆臂式自装卸汽车， 有些城市已开始建立集中的垃圾收运站，使用小型收运机具 (如人力 三轮斗车 )把狭窄街道的垃圾集中于垃圾站 (楼 )然后装于摆臂式自装卸汽车的专用垃圾斗中，再通过自装卸车外运倾卸。这就解决了狭窄街道不能摆放专用垃圾斗的问题。为解决摆臂式自装卸汽车运输过程中的物料飞扬问题， 广西南宁专用汽车改装厂已设计并制造了两种较为有效的防物料飞扬的附加装置和司机可在驾驶室内操纵整个作业过程的软轴操纵装置。现介绍如下。 1、 车辆货箱液压活动蓬盖 这是一种防止摆臂式自装卸汽车料斗所载物料往外飞扬的车辆货箱蓬盖其工作原理是：推动液压分配阀操纵杆，液压油进入油缸上腔，其伸出活塞杆缩回，同时拉动主摆 臂往车前方摆动，在篷布、篷杆的自重及主摆臂推动下其前端铰接的主摆臂 ,使折叠的蓬布在莲杆的支撑下向后依序撑张开，在货箱的上方形成一个密闭倒扣的冀盖，使所载物运输中不至于向外飞扬。当把操纵杆向相反方拨动 ,油进入油缸的上腔 ,其伸出的活塞杆缩回，同时拉动主摆臂往车前方摆动，在蓬布、蓬杆的自重及主摆臂的推动下，蓬布、蓬杆和主摆臂按序整齐地折叠在货箱前周缘上，蓬盖打开，便于货箱装卸料。该装置结构简单，使用方便，特别适用于货斗形状大小不一致。料斗堆料过高等场合使用遮盖性好，可防止货斗内的物料在运输时往外飞扬。 2、 自装 卸汽车翼式自动盖 该新型装置的结构当摆臂式自装卸汽车作业时，操纵多路分配阀的阀杆使该车两臂向后摆动 ,这时料斗被徐徐吊起，与此同时，由于摆臂与固定在车架侧板上的小滑轮距离逐渐拉大，即钢丝绳的作用长度拉长，此时通过钢丝绳拉转滑轮及转轴 ,与转轴联接固定的后盖。 随之逐渐向上打开。当摆臂向后摆至最大角度 (即卸斗或装斗 )时，后盖也向上开至最大角度，完全不影响装料斗或卸料。在上述动作过程中，由于前盖是通过连接臂空套在摆臂固定横梁上的，所以，在前盖自重作用下，在摆臂摆到与地面垂直前，前盖总是罩紧着料斗的。当摆臂继续往后摆 动时，前盖自