unit 20 archaeology教案

精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创1/65UNIT20ARCHAEOLOGY教案UNIT20ARCHAEOLOGY教案教学内容一、学习目标学习并掌握本单元重点词汇与短语；并通过单元阅读认识古文物对研究古文化的重要性，进一步增强保护文物的意识；在语言知识方面，复习IT的用法；在语言运用能力方面，运用本单元知识，提高写作能力。二、语言点讲解1ANDWHATDIDTHEIRHOMESLOOKLIKE他们的家看起来像什么样LOOKLIKE其中LIKE是介词1像，看来像是EGSHELOOKSSOMUCHLIKEHERMOTHER她看起来很像她的母亲。2好像要EGLOOKATTHATDARKCLOUDITLOOKSLIKERAIN看看那乌云，好像要下雨了。2WHATOBJECTSHAVEWEFOUNDFROMTHEIRAGE从他们那个时代，我们已经发现了什么物品AGE1C本处AGE指的是“时代”（TIMES）EGTHEMIDDLEAGES（比较MIDDLEAGE中年）中世纪THESTONEBRONZE,IRONAGES石器（青铜器，铁器）时代精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创2/652C（用ANAGE,AGES）意为“长时间”VERYLONGTIMEEGITSBEENAGESSINCEWEMET我们好久好久不见面了。3U年龄，年纪（LENGTHOFTIMEAPERSONHASLIVEDORATHINGHASEXISTED）EGSHELOOKSYOUNGERTHANHERAGE她看起来比实际年龄小。注相关短语ATTHEAGEOF20在20岁的时候；FORONESAGE论年龄EGHELOOKSYOUNGFORHISAGE他看起来比实际年龄小。4VTVI（人）衰老，变老；（物）成熟EGILLNESSAGEDHERSOQUICKLY疾病使她衰老得很快。3CURIOSITYKJURISTIN1UBEINGCURIOUS好奇心，求知欲EGHISCURIOSITYMADEHIMSUCCEED他的好奇心，使他成功了。TOMSTAREDATMEINCURIOSITY汤姆好奇地盯着我。词组IN/WITHCURIOSITY好奇地；OUTOFCURIOSITY出于好奇2CCURIOUSTHINGSTRANGEORRAREOBJECT珍奇的东西（事物）；珍品EGSHEWASINTERESTEDINCURIOSITIES她对珍品感兴趣。ACURIOSITYSHOP古玩店精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创3/65注CURIOSITY的形容词形式是CURIOUS，相关词组BECURIOUSABOUT对感到好奇BECURIOUSTODO极想EGCHILDRENARECURIOUSABOUTEVERYTHINGAROUNDTHEM孩子们对周围的每件事都感到好奇。IMCURIOUSTOKNOWWHATHESAID我极想知道他说了些什么。4UNEARTHNVTDISCOVERSTHORBRINGSTHTOLIGHT发掘；发现，揭露EGTHEDOGHASUNEARTHEDSOMEBONES那只狗掘出了几根骨头。THEARCHAEOLOGISTUNEARTHEDABURIEDTREASURELASTYEAR去年，那位考古学家发掘了埋在地下的一个宝藏。注UN前缀（1）置于形容词，副词，名词之前，构成“不”，“无”，“非”等意之词。EGUNHAPPY不快乐的UNFORTUNATELY不幸地UNEMPLOYMENT失业（2）置于动词之前，构成相反动作之词。EGFOLD（折叠）UNFOLD（展开）DRESS（给某人穿衣服）UNDRESS（给某人脱衣）5DECORATIONDEKREINNBEINGDECORATEDSTHUSEDFOR精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创4/65DECORATING装饰（修）；装饰品EGTHEDECORATIONOFAROOM房间的装饰WEPUTCHRISTMASDECORATIONSONTHETREE我们将圣诞节装饰品挂在树上。注其动词形式是DECORATEDEKREITVT装饰词组DECORATESTHWITHSTHEGSHEDECORATEDHERROOMWITHFLOWERS她用鲜花装饰她的房间。三、课前准备针对性练习（30分，25分钟）（一）单项选择（每小题1分，共10分）1MARYISANXIOUS_HERMOTHERSHEALTHAFORBTOCINDABOUT2THESTREETSWERE_FLAGSADECORATEDWITHBDECORATEDONCDECORATEDINDDECORATEDBY3YOUDISLIKETHEWAYSHEWORKED,_ADONTYOUBDOYOUCDIDNTSHEDDIDSHE4INFACT,_ENGLISHHAVE_WONDERFULSENSEOFHUMOURATHE/BTHETHEC/ADTHEA5DOYOUTHINKYOURSONSHOULDGOTOCOLLEGEYES,OFCOURSE_,HESHOULDALSOGOABROADFORHI精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创5/65GHEREDUCATIONAWHATSMOREBINOTHERWORDSCBYTHEWAYDAFTERALL6DIDTHEPOLICEMANLETYOUINNO,_ITOLDHIMWHOIWASAIFBONCECASTHOUGHDEVENIF7_,HEDOESGETANGRYWITHHERSOMETIMESAASHELIKESHERMUCHBTHOUGHMUCHHELIKESHERCMUCHASHELIKESHERDMUCHEVENIFHELIKESHER8WEWERETALKINGABOUTTHENEWPLAY_DAY,REMEMBERYES,IENJOYEDITVERYMUCHATHEOTHERBANOTHERCSOMEDOTHER9YOUHAVENOTYETANSWEREDMYQUESTION_ICANJOININTHEPARTYTONIGHTAWHETHERBIFCWHICHDTHAT10HEMADEAMISTAKE,BUTTHENHECORRECTEDTHESITUATION_ITGOTWORSE（2003，北京，1分）AUNTILBWHENCBEFOREDAS（二）单句改错（每小题1分，共10分）1THATSALLWHATSHEWANTSTOSAY_2THESEHOUSESARESOLDATSUCHALOWPRICETHATPEOPLEEXPECT精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创6/65ED_3IWOULDNTSTAYINAHOTELWHEREREFUSEDTOACCEPTCHILDREN_4LOOKITLOOKSLIKETORAIN_5MYDAUGHTERISALWAYSCURIOUSFORTHEUNIVERSE_6THEWHOLECLASSAREALLDECORATINGTHECLASSROOMINPICTURES_7THISISTHEVERYREASONWHATWEALLKNOW_8IFHEWILLCOMEDOESNTMATTER_9LETSDOITFORTHEM,WONTYOU_10HESGOTANICEPRESENT,BUTHEDOESNTKNOWTODOWITHIT_（三）阅读理解（每小题2分，共10分）THEROMANSBUILTGREATAQUEDUCTSTOCARRYFRESHWATERFROMTHEMOUNTAINSTOTHECITIESMANYOFTHESEAQUEDUCTSARESTILLSTANDINGTODAYTHEROMANSALSOBUILTGREATPIPESUNDERTHEGROUNDTOCARRYAWAYTHESEWAGE（污水）INROME,ONEOFTHESESEWAGEPIPESISSTILLUSEDTODAYITIS2000YEARSOLDTHEROMANEMPERORSEVENSETUPAGOVERNMENTHEALTHSERVICETHEYBUILTTHEFIRSTGREATPUBLICHOSPITALSINEUROPE,ANDTHEYPAIDDOCTORSTOLOOKAFTERPOORPEOPLE精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创7/65THENTHEROMANEMPIREFELLTOPIECES,THESE_CIVILIZED_METHODS_OF_TREATMENTDISAPPEAREDFROMMOSTOFEUROPE,FORMORETHANATHOUSANDYEARSPEOPLE_WENT_BACK_TO_THE_OLD_WAYSTHEYLIVEDINDIRTYCONDITIONSWHICHHELPEDTOCAUSEDISEASEANDTHEYASKEDGODTOCURETHEDISEASETHEYSHUTUPMENTALLYSICKPEOPLEINPRISONSORTHEYBURNTTHEMALIVEBECAUSETHEYWERESUPPOSEDTOHAVEMAGICPOWERSBUTTHEWORKOFTHEGREEKANDROMANDOCTORSWASNOTLOSTOVERATHOUSANDYEARSAGO,THEARABSMOVEDINTOMANYOFTHEMEDITERRANEAN（地中海）COUNTRIESTHEYTOOKBIGPARTSOFTHEOLDROMANLANDSTHEYTRANSLATEDTHEGREEKANDROMANMEDICALBOOKSINTOARABICARABDOCTORSTHEMSELVESMADEMANYNEWDISCOVERIESWHENCIVILIZATIONATLASTCAMEBACKTOEUROPE,MENONCEAGAINTRANSLATEDTHEGREEKANDROMANWORKSONMEDICINEINTOLATINSLOWLYVERYSLOWLYEUROPEANDOCTORSDISCOVEREDAGAINTHETHINGSTHATTHEGREEKSANDROMANSHADKNOWNSOLONGAGOSLOWLY,THEYBEGANTOMAKENEWDISCOVERIESTHEYFOUNDOUTMOREABOUTTHEWAYTHEBODYWORKSTHEWAYTHESEMUSCLESMOVEOURBODIES1THEWORD“AQUEDUCT”INTHEFIRSTPARAGRAPHPROBABLYMEANS_精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创8/65ASOMETHINGBUILTTOCARRYAWAYTHESEWAGEBSOMETHINGINVENTEDBYAROMANEMPERORCABIGPIPEUNDERTHEGROUNDDSOMETHINGBUILTTOSUPPLYCLEANWATERFORTHECITIZENS2INTHISARTICLE,“CIVILIZEDMETHODSOFTREATMENT”REFERTO_AADVANCEDFORMSOFHEALTHCASEBTHEWAYTHEYBURNTTHEBODIESOFTHEDEADCTHEWAYTHEYSHUTUPBODIESOFTHEDEADDWHATWASCALLEDMAGICPOWERS3WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGISNOTWHATTHEWRITERMEANSBYSAYING“PEOPLEWENTBACKTOTHEOLDWAYS”APEOPLELIVEDINDIRTYCONDITIONSAGAINBPEOPLEASKEDGODFORHELPWHENTHEYWEREILLCPEOPLEDIDNOTTREATMENTALLYSICKPEOPLEPROPERLYDPEOPLEBUILTHOSPITALSFORTHEMSELVES4FROMTHISPASSAGEWEVELEARNEDTHATTHEARABS_AMADEMOREDISCOVERIESTHANTHEROMANSBHELPEDTOKEEPTHEROMANMEDICALWORKSCDISCOVEREDMOREABOUTTHEWAYTHEHUMANBODYWORKSDTOOKUPBIGPARTSOFTHEOLDROMANLANDS2000YEARSAGO精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创9/655ASUITABLETITLEFORTHISPASSAGECOULDBE_ATHEDEVOTIONMADEBYTHEROMANSANDARABSTOTHEDEVELOPMENTOFPUBLICHEALTHBHOWTHEARABSSEIZEDTHEROMANEMPIREBYFORCECTHERISEANDFALLOFTHEROMANEMPIREDHOWARABIANDOCTORSHELPEDTOTRANSLATETHEMEDICALBOOKS【听力导读】一、语言点讲解1MAKEADRAWINGOFSTHMAKEAPICTUREOFSTH绘的图EGIMADEADRAWINGOFSOMEFRUIT我画了一幅水果素描。2WHATELSECOULDTHEOBJECTBEUSEDFOR你认为这个物体还有什么别的用途吗USE使用，利用EGWHATDOYOUUSETHISTOOLFOR这个工具用途何在ITISUSEDFORCUTTINGWIRE它用于切割金属。相关词组USEUP用完，耗尽COMEINTOUSE开始使用INUSE使用之中，使用着MAKEUSEOF利用，使用ITISNOUSEDOING做某事是没有用的USEDTODO过去常常做某事BEUSEDTODO被用于做BEUSEDTODOING习惯于二、如何听的建议讲究方法，提高短时记忆能力精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创10/65人的记忆方式分为短时记忆和长时记忆两种。短时记忆对英语听力测试尤为重要，因为只有记住刚听完的内容，才有可能对所听内容进行加工处理，最后确定答案。然而，人的短时记忆的时间和容量是有限的，要提高短时记忆力，需要进行记忆力的训练，掌握一些记忆方法。在平时的听力练习中，我们可尝试以下几种方法1重点记忆法认真、快速地读题，从而确定记忆的重点，增强有意识的记忆。2复述记忆法在平时的听力训练中，听完一篇对话或独白后，立即用自己的语言复述其中的主要内容。开始时不要因回忆不出很多的内容而泄气。能记住主要内容，就算成功。经过多次这样的训练，短时记忆的能力会有明显的提高。3情景记忆法如果孤立地去记所听到的人名、地名、数字等，是难以记住的。但如果把他们放到特定的场合中去，与情景联系起来，弄清文章中的时间（WHEN）、地点（WHERE）、人物（WHO）和情节（WHY,WHAT,HOW）四大要素，往往就比较容易了。此外还有用简单符号和简图记录所听内容的方法。【口语导读】一、语言点讲解1YOUCANREADSOMEBOOKSABOUTTHAT你可以阅读一些有关那精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创11/65方面的书籍。ABOUT与ON都可表示“关于”的意思。（1）ABOUT侧重叙事，ON侧重论述；ABOUT多用于个人事迹、故事内容、一般的书籍、文章等较浅显的问题，ON多用于比较重大的，涉及比较深广的诸如国际形势、政治、理论、学术、报告、专著等方面的问题。EGABOOKONTHERADIO关于无线电方面的专著STORIESABOUTLEIFENG关于雷锋的故事注ABOOKONTHERADIO中，若ON改用ABOUT时，指一本关于无线电的科普故事书；STORY后只能用ABOUT，不能用ON。（2）ABOUT常与LEARN,TEACH,READ,TELL,KNOW等动词连用。EGWHATDOYOUKNOWABOUTIT对此你知道些什么HETALKEDALOTABOUTHISFAMILY他说了许多关于家庭的事。2WHATIDREALLYLIKETOFINDOUTISWHETHERPEOPLEWOULDSOMETIMESWANTTOGOONAHOLIDAY,ASWEDO我真正想弄清楚的是人们有时是否想去度假，就像我们一样。（1）WHATIDREALLYLIKETOFINDOUT在句中做主语，WHETHERPEOPLEWOULDSOMETIMESWANTTOGOONAHOLIDAY在句中做表语。（2）AS引导非限制性定语从句，代表整个主句，在从句中精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创12/65做宾语。EGHEMARRIEDHER,ASWASNATURAL他跟她结婚了，这是很自然的事。注WHICH与AS都可引导非限制性定语从句，代表整个主句，但有区别AS引导的从句可以放在主句之前，主句之后，甚至还可以分割主句；WHICH引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，AS常有“正如，正像”的含义。EGJOHN,ASYOUKNOW,ISAWRITER正如你所知，约翰是个作家。HEWASVERYRUDETOTHECUSTOMSOFFICER,WHICHOFCOURSEMADETHINGSEVENWORSE他对海关官员非常无礼，这当然使事情更糟糕了。（1998，上海高考）AS作为关系代词还可用于THESAMEAS和SUCHAS中。EGIVENEVERHEARDSUCHSTORIESASHETELLS我从未听过他讲的这样的故事。THISISTHESAMEDICTIONARYASILOST这本字典跟我丢失的一样。二、交际用语讲解1IWONDERWHAT/WHO2IMCURIOUSTO3IWONDERIF/WHETHER精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创13/654IMCURIOUSABOUT5IREALLYWANTTOKNOW6IDLOVETOKNOW7WHATIDREALLYLIKETOFINDOUTIS8IDLIKETOKNOWMOREABOUT三、口语针对性练习（28分，20分钟）（一）单项选择（每小题1分，共10分）1HE_GOTOWORKBYBUS,BUTNOWHE_RIDINGABICYCLETOWORKAUSEDTOUSEDTOBUSEDTOISUSEDTOCISUSEDTOUSEDTODISUSEDTOISUSEDTO2LETSPRACTISE_ENGLISHWHENANDWHERE_ASPEAKINGIMPOSSIBLEBTOSPEAKPOSSIBLECSPEAKINGPOSSIBLEDTOSPEAKIMPOSSIBLE3HELEARNEDENGLISH_WATCHINGEDUCATORS_TVOR_ACOMPUTERSCREENABYONINBINONONCBYONONDININON4IWONDER_HEWILLSPENDTHEWEEKENDWITHUSONTHEFARMATHATBWHERECWHENDIF5JANESPALEFACESUGGESTEDTHATSHE_ILL,ANDHERPARENTSSUGGESTEDTHATSHE_AMEDICALEXAMINATION精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创14/65ABESHOULDHAVEBWASHAVECSHOULDBEHADDWASHAS6HERSUGGESTIONTHATYOU_ONCEMORESOUNDSREASONABLEATRYBTRIESCMUSTTRYDCANTRY7I_HIMTOGIVEUPSMOKING,BUTIFAILEDATRYTOPERSUADEBSUGGESTEDCMANAGEDTOPERSUADEDPERSUADED8WHATWOULDYOULIKETODRINK_ATODRINKACOFFEEBDRINKACUPOFCOFFEECACOFFEEDILIKEACUPOFCOFFEE9HEWASABOUTTOTELLMETHESECRET_SOMEONEPATTEDHIMONTHESHOULDER（2002，上海，1分）AASBUNTILCWHILEDWHEN10DOESYOURFAMILYLIVE_BEIJINGAFARBFARAWAYCFARAWAYFROMDFARNEAR（二）单句改错（每小题1分，共10分）1MYSUGGESTIONISTHATYOUWILLNOTTAKETHISMEDICINE_2IMSURETHATHEWILLCOMEBUTIWONDERWHENHEWILLCOMEON精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创15/65TIME_3THEBOYISTOOYOUNGTOWEARHIMSELF_4HEDLIKETOBETAKINGTOTHENEWCOUNTRY_5HEWASINATRAFFICJAM,THATMADEHIMLATEFORSCHOOL_6HEPRACTICEDSPEAKENGLISHWHENEVERHEMETAFOREIGNER_7ITHINKYOULLSOONBEUSEDTHEWEATHERHERE_8ITALKEDFORALONGTIME,ANDINTHEENDITRIEDTOMAKEHERBELIEVEME_9THEDOCTORSUGGESTEDTHATTHEBOYWASSENTTOHOSPITALATONCE_10THEUSEOFSATELLITESMAKESTHISPOSSIBLETOTELEPHONESOMEBODYONTHEOTHERSIDEOFTHEWORLD_（三）阅读理解（每小题2分，共8分）WHENWESAYTHATCAMBRIDGEISAUNIVERSITYTOWN,WEDONOTMEANJUSTTHATITISATOWNWITHAUNIVERSITYINITMANCHESTERANDMILANHAVEUNIVERSITIES,BUTWEDONOTCALLTHEMUNIVERSITYTOWNSAUNIVERSITYTOWNISONEWHERETHEREISNOCLEARSEPARATIONBETWEENTHEUNIVERSITYBUILDINGSANDTHERESTOFTHECITYTHEUNIVERSITYISNOTJUSTONEPARTOFTHETOWNITISALLOVERTHETOWNTHEHEARTOFCAMBRIDGEHASITSSHOPS,PUBS（小酒馆）精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创16/65,MARKETPLACEANDSOON,BUTMOSTOFITISUNIVERSITYCOLLEGES,FACULTIES（各系部）,LIBRARIES,CLUBSANDOTHERPLACESFORUNIVERSITYSTAFF（教职员工）ANDSTUDENTSSTUDENTSFILLTHESHOPS,CAFES,BANKS,ANDCHURCHES,MAKINGTHESEASWELLPARTOFTHEUNIVERSITYTHETOWNWASTHEREFIRSTTWOROMANROADSCROSSEDTHERE,ANDTHEREARESIGNSOFBUILDINGBEFOREROMANTIMESEARLIERTHANAD43CAMBRIDGEBECAMEACENTEROFLEARNING,ANDTHEAUTHORITY（权威）OFTHEHEADOFTHEUNIVERSITYWASRECOGNIZEDBYTHEKINGIN1226WITHABOUT8250UNDERGRADUATESANDOVER2000POSTGRADUATES,THECITYISABUSYPLACEIN“FILLTURN”（全体学生在校上课时）UNDERGRADUATESARENOTALLOWEDTOKEEPCARSINCAMBRIDGE,SONEARLYALLOFTHEMUSEBICYCLESDONTTRYTODRIVETHROUGHCAMBRIDGEDURINGTHEFIVEMINUTESBETWEENLECTURESYOURBICYCLEMUSTGOTHROUGHABOILINGSEAOFOTHERBICYCLESHURRYINGINALLDIRECTIONSIFYOUAREINCAMBRIDGEATFIVEMINUTESTOTHEHOURANYMORNINGOFFULLTERM,YOUKNOWTHATYOUAREINAUNIVERSITYTOWN1WHATISCALLEDAUNIVERSITYTOWN精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创17/65AATOWNWITHAUNIVERSITYINITBAUNIVERSITYWITHATOWNINITCONEWHERETHEREISNOCLEARSEPARATIONBETWEENAUNIVERSITYANDATOWNDONEWHERETHEREAREBOTHAUNIVERSITYANDATOWN2HOWMANYSTUDENTSDOESCAMBRIDGEHAVEAEIGHTTHOUSAND,TWOHUNDREDANDFIFTYBTWOTHOUSANDCTENTHOUSANDDMORETHANTENTHOUSAND3WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGISNOTMENTIONEDINTHEPASSAGEINCAMBRIDGE_ATHEUNIVERSITYISALLOVERTHETOWNBTHETOWNCAMEEARLIERTHANTHEUNIVERSITYCDURINGTHEFIVEMINUTESBETWEENLECTURES,YOURBICYCLEMUSTGOTHROUGHOTHERBICYCLESHURRYINGINALLDIRECTIONSDTHETEACHERSHAVEMANYSTRANGEWAYSOFMAKINGTHEIRLECTURESLIVELYANDINTERESTING4WHATSTHETITLEOFTHEPASSAGEACAMBRIDGEAUNIVERSITYTOWNBCAMBRIDGEACENTREOFLEARNINGCCAMBRIDGEWITHMANYSTUDENTSDCAMBRIDGEWITHALONGHISTORY【阅读指导】精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创18/65一、生词和词组1DATEBACKTOHAVINGEXISTEDSINCE自某时代存在至今，追溯回，始于EGTHISBUILDINGDATESBACKTOTHE14THCENTURY这座房子建于14世纪。注DATEBACKTO也可以说成DATEFROMEGOURPARTNERSHIPDATESFROM1970我们从1970年就合伙了。2WARRIORWRINPERSONWHOFIGHTSINBATTLE战士，武士，勇士EGJINGKEISAWARRIOR荆轲是一名勇士。3PINPIN1NSHORTTHINPIECEOFSTIFFWIREWITHASHAREPOINTATONEENDANDAROUNDHEADATTHEOTHER大头针EGPLEASEFASTENTWOSHEETSOFPAPERWITHAPINS用大头针把两张纸别在一起。2VATTACHSTHWITHAPINORPINS用针固定或别住某物EGPINTHEBILLSTOGETHERSOYOUDONTLOSETHEM把账单别在一起以防遗失。ATTACHORFIXSTHTOSB将某事附加在某人身上常用于PINSTHONSBEGWEREPINNINGALLOURHOPESONYOU我们把希望完全寄托在你身上了。精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创19/654AVARIETYOFMANYDIFFERENTKINDSOF各种各样的EGHELEFTFORAVARIETYOFREASONS他由于种种原因而离开了。5TENDTEND1VTTAKECAREOFORLOOKAFTERSB/STH照料，照管EGTHENURSESARETENDINGTHEINJURED护士正在照料受伤者。THEYARESHEPHERDSTENDINGTHEIRSHEEP他们是照管羊的牧人。SERVECUSTOMSINASHOP,BAR,ETC在（店铺、酒吧等）中接待顾客、服侍EGIWOULDLIKETOTENDTHESTOREFORYOUWHILEYOUREAWAY你不在时，我愿意替你照看店铺。BELIKELYTOBEHAVEINACERTAINWAYORTOHAVEACERTAININFLUENCE倾向；趋于EGHETENDSTOGETANGRYWHENPEOPLEOBJECTTOHISPLAN别人反对他的意见时，他很容易生气。2VITAKEACERTAINDIRECTION朝某方向EGTHETRACKTENDSUPWARDS这痕迹是朝着上方的。6FORTHISREASON因为这个理由FORNOGOODREASON无缘无故，没有正当的理由EGYOUMUSTNTLEAVEFORNOGOODREASON没有合适的理由，你不许离开。7HAVEAHANDINBEINVOLVEDINSTHWHICHHAPPENSBEPARTLY精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创20/65RESPONSIBLEFORSTH参与，插手，对某事负部分责任EGJOHNSHOULDHAVEAHANDINTHIS约翰应对这件事负责任。注相关词组LENDSBAHAND帮助某人FROMHANDTOMOUTH仅够糊口地HANDINHAND手牵手ONTHEOTHERHAND另一方面SHAKEHANDSWITHSB与某人握手HANDIN交出；提出HANDOUT分发，分配HANDDOWN（将传统，习惯等）传给后世，流传下来8INTERMSOF意思是“用的话”，“以的观点”，“就而说”EGHETHOUGHTOFEVERYTHINGINTERMSOFMONEY他每件事都从钱的角度考虑。THEFIGURESAREEXPRESSEDINTERMSOFAPERCENTAGE那些数字是以百分数表示的。9SPARESPEVTUSEASLITTLEASPOSSIBLE吝惜，节约，舍不得用EGHEDIDNTSPAREANYEFFORTONHISSTUDIES他在研究方面不遗余力。SPARETHERODANDSPOILTHECHILD谚孩子不打不成器，娇养忤逆儿。（省了棍子坏了孩子。）SHOWMERCYTODONTHURTORHARMSB饶恕；不伤害某人EG精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创21/65PLEASESPAREME请饶了我吧BEABLETOAFFORDTOGIVETIMEORMONEYTOSB匀出，拨出，分出，提供。EGCANYOUSPAREMEAFEWMINUTESOFYOURTIME我能耽搁您几分钟吗ICANTSPARETHETIMEFORAHOLIDAYATTHEMOMENT目前我抽不出时间去度假。注SPARENOEFFORT不遗余力SPAREADJKEPTINRESERVEFORUSEWHENNEEDED多余的；备用的；剩余的EGWEHAVENOSPAREROOMFORATABLE我们没有放桌子的空地方。DOYOUCARRYASPAREWHEELINYOURCAR你的汽车上有备用备车轮吗IHAVENOSPAREMONEYTHISMONTH这个月我没有余钱。FORLEISUREFREEUNOCCUPIED空闲的；未占用的EGHEPAINTSINHISSPARETIME他在空闲时绘画。SHEISABUSYWOMANWITHLITTLESPARETIME她是一位忙得没有空的女子。THIN瘦的EGATALLSPAREMAN又高又瘦的男子精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创22/65注词组INONESSPARETIME在某人的空闲时间10INTHEEYESOFSBINSBSEYESINTHEOPINIONOFSB在某人的心目中，在某人看来EGINYOURFATHERSEYESYOURESTILLACHILD在你父亲的眼里你仍是个孩子。注相关词组KEEPANEYEONSB留神，看守，看管LOOKSBINTHEEYE目不转睛地看某人SHUTCLOSEONESEYESTOSTH闭目不看，装着没看到，视而不见11REMOTERIMTADJFARAWAYFROMOTHERHOUSES（与其他房子）远离的，遥远的，偏僻的EGHEUSEDTOLIVEINAREMOTEVILLAGE他曾住在一个偏僻的山村里。AHOUSEREMOTEFROMTHETOWN一座远离城镇的房子FARAWAYINTIME（在时间上）遥远的，久远的EGINTHEREMOTEPAST/FUTURE在遥远的过去（未来）COLDANDUNFRIENDLY冷淡的，漠不关心的EGHEISRATHERREMOTE他相当冷淡。12ASWELLAS1同一样好EGSHECOOKSASWELLASHERMOTHERDOES她和她母亲的烧菜水平一样好。精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创23/652（除之外）又，不但而且EGHEGROWSFLOWERSASWELLASVEGETABLES他既种菜也种花。注AASWELLASB短语为主语时，谓语动词要随A的人称、数而变化。EGHISCHILDRENASWELLASHISWIFEWEREINVITEDTOTHEPARTY不但他的太太，连他的孩子们都被邀请参加了那次聚会。二、同、近义词辨析1SURE与CERTAIN确信，有把握相同点（1）都可接ABOUT/OF，意思是“确信”，“对有把握”，只能用人做主语。EGAREYOUSURE/CERTAINOFTHAT你确信那件事吗（2）都可接不定式，意思是“一定会”，人或物均可做主语。EGHEISSURE/CERTAINTOSUCCEED他一定会成功。THEPROJECTISSURE/CERTAINTOBEASUCCESS这个计划一定会成功。（3）后面跟“连接词（疑问词、连词WHETHER）不定式”结构，意思是“确定”，只能用人做主语。EGIMNOTSURE/CERTAINWHATTODO我不知道怎么办。（4）都可跟从句，意思是“肯定”，“确定”，只能用人做主语。EGIMNOTSURE/CERTAINWHETHERIVEMETHIMBEFORE精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创24/65我不能确定以前是否见到过他。不同点SURE不能用于ITISCERTAINTHAT句型。EGITISCERTAINTHATYOURTEAMWILLWIN你们队肯定会赢。2CLOTH,CLOTHES与CLOTHING1CLOTH指做衣服用的材料（布料、毛料、丝绸等），是物质名词，不可数，没有复数形式。EGAPIECEOFCLOTH一块布料（不能说ACLOTH）HOWMUCHCLOTHDOESITTAKETOMAKEACOATFORTHECHILD给这个孩子做件上衣要多少布注CLOTH指“具体用途的布”时，是可数名词。EGATABLECLOTH一块桌布ADISHCLOTH擦盘子布（2）CLOTHES统指各种衣服，包括外套、西装、衬衣、裤子、裙、鞋、帽等。不指单件衣服。它既不能用作单数，也不能和表示具体数目的数词连用。做主语时，谓语用复数形式。不能说ACLOTHES（）SIXCLOTHES但可以说MANYTHESE,AFEW,MYCLOTHESEGHEHADTOBUYMANYCLOTHES他只好买很多衣服。THESECLOTHESARENEW这些衣服都是新的。（3）CLOTHING是衣服、服装的总称，是集合名词，只有单数形式。做主语时，谓语用单数形式。EGFOODANDCLOTHING衣食精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创25/65ANARTICLEOFCLOTHINGAPIECEOFCLOTHING一件衣服三、语言点讲解1BURIEDWITHHIMWERETHETOOLSOFAHUNTERORWARRIOR猎人或是武士的工具跟他埋在一起。此句是倒装句，正常的语序应是THETOOLSOFAHUNTERORWARRIORWEREBURIEDWITHHIM当一个句子没有宾语而主语又比较长，为了保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或为了使上下文紧密衔接，可将状语提到句子前头，同时把谓语也放到主语的前面。EGEASTOFTHETOWNLIESABEAUTIFULLAKE城东有一美丽的湖泊。NEXTTOTHEMLAYACUSHIONSTONE,UPONWHICHTHEMANCOULDWORKMETAL在它们的旁边放着一块垫东西的石头，这个人有可能在上面锻造金属。2THISWASATIMEWHENTHEFIRSTMETALSWEREBROUGHTTOBRITAIN那时第一批金属被带到了英国。ATIME特定的一段时间，在这指的是THATPERIOD。WHEN引出的是定语从句，修饰先行词ATIME，等于ATWHICH。EGTHISWASATIMEWHENTHEREWERESTILLSLAVESINTHEUSA那时美国还有奴隶。精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创26/653IRONCAMELATER,INWHATWASCALLEDTHEIRONAGE后来，在所谓的铁器时代出现了铁。句中WHATWASCALLEDTHEIRONAGE是WHAT引出的名词性从句做IN的宾语，连接词WHAT在从句中充当成分，做主语，因此不用THAT。EGEINSTEINSMOSTFAMOUSTHEORYISWHATWECALLTHETHEORYOFRELATIVITY爱因斯坦最著名的理论就是我们所说的相对论。4ATFIRSTITWASTHOUGHTTHATITWASTHROUGHWARANDARMEDCONFLICT,BUT起初，人们认为铁是由于战争和武装冲突才出现的。但句中ITWASTHOUGHTTHATIT是形式主语，真正的主语是THAT从句，第二个IT指上文的“铁”（IRON）。掌握句型ITISSAID/THOUGHT/BELIEVEDTHATPEOPLESAY/THINK/BELIEVETHATSB/STHISSAID/BELIEVED/THOUGHTTODOEGITISSAIDTHATTHEBOOKHASBEENTRANSLATEDINTOENGLISHPEOPLESAYTHATTHEBOOKHASBEENTRANSLATEDINTOENGLISHTHEBOOKISSAIDTOHAVEBEENTRANSLATEDINTOENGLISH据说，这本书已经被译成了英文。四、典型病句诊断1病句THEWOMANWASSAIDTHATSHEHADNOSON精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创27/65诊断THEWOMANWASSAIDTOHAVENOSONITWASSAIDTHATTHEWOMANHADNOSON点拨表示“据说”可用两种句型一种是ITIS/WASSAIDTHAT从句；另一种是据说的人或物为主语，SAID之后接动词不定式。2病句THESCIENTISTSTHEORYISPROVEDTOBECORRECT诊断THESCIENTISTSTHEORYPROVESTOBECORRECT点拨PROVE表示“证明是，表明是”时是不及物动词，类似系动词，后接名词或（TOBE）形容词，所以没有被动式。3病句ITISSURETHATHEWILLCOME诊断ITISCERTAINTHATHEWILLCOME点拨SURE和CERTAIN为“确信，有把握”讲时，基本上都能互换，但在ITISCERTAINTHAT句型中，只能使用CERTAIN，不能用SURE。4病句HEISPOSSIBLETOSUCCEED诊断HEISLIKELYTOSUCCEED点拨POSSIBLE的主语不能是人，而LIKELY的主语可以是物也可以是人。5病句THETEACHERASWELLASHISSTUDENTSAREPRESENT诊断THETEACHERASWELLASHISSTUDENTSISPRESENT点拨ASWELLAS连接两个名词做主语时，谓语动词的人称精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创28/65要与ASWELLAS前的名词保持一致。6病句MYCLOTHESISHANGINGBEHINDTHEDOOR诊断MYCLOTHESAREHANGINGBEHINDTHEDOOR点拨CLOTHES指各种衣服，做主语时，谓语动词用复数。五、类文阅读针对性练习（24分，20分钟）（一）单项选择（每小题1分，共6分）1JACKISABRIGHTANDDILIGENTBOY_HISBROTHER,TOMISJUSTTHEOPPOSITEAWHENBASCWHILEDHOWEVER2HE_THEVILLAGERSTOPLANTMORETREESONTHEHILLSASTOPPEDBSUGGES