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WWW88DOC88COMWWWYANZIEDUCOM附录译文THEOPENSYSTEMMERITOFCOMPUTERNUMERICALCONTROLANDNUMERICALCONTROLOFPRODUCTIONEQUIPMENTSABSTRACTTHEOPENSYSTEMMERITISTHESYSTEMSIMPLE,THECOSTLOW,BUTTHESHORTCOMINGISTHEPRECISIONISLOWTHEREVERSEGAP,THEGUIDESCREWPITCHERROR,STOPINFERIORLYCANAFFECTTHEPOINTINGACCURACYBYMISTAKEFOLLOWINGSEVERALKINDOFIMPROVEMENTSMEASUREMAYCAUSETHEPOINTINGACCURACYDISTINCTIMPROVEMENTTHEKEYWORDNUMERICALCONTROL、NC、THEOPENSYSTERM1）REVERSEGAPERRORCOMPENSATESTHENUMERICALCONTROLENGINEBEDPROCESSINGCUTTINGTOOLANDTHEWORKPIECERELATIVEMOTIONISDEPENDSUPONTHEDRIVEIMPETUSGEAR,THEGUIDESCREWROTATION,THUSTHEIMPETUSWORKFLOORANDSOONMOVESTHEPARTTOPRODUCEMOVESREALIZESASTRADITIONALPARTGEAR,GUIDESCREWALTHOUGHTHEMANUFACTUREPRECISIONISVERYHIGH,BUTALWAYSUNAVOIDABLYHASTHEGAPASARESULTOFTHISKINDOFGAPEXISTENCE,WHENMOVEMENTDIRECTIONCHANGE,STARTSTHESECTIONTIMETOBEABLETOCAUSEINEVITABLYACTUATESTHEPARTWASTINGTIME,APPEARSTHEINSTRUCTIONPULSETOPUSHTHEMOTIONLESSFUNCTIONALELEMENTTHEASPECTTHISHASAFFECTEDTHEENGINEBEDPROCESSINGPRECISION,NAMELYTHEINSTRUCTIONPULSEANDACTUALENTERSFORTHESTEPDOESNOTTALLY,HASTHEPROCESSINGERRORTHEREFORE,THESPLITRINGNUMERICALCONTROLSYSTEMALLESTABLISHESGENERALLYHASTHEREVERSEGAPERRORCOMPENSATORYFUNCTION,WITHBYMAKESUPWHICHWASTESTIMETHESTEPREVERSEGAPDIFFERENCECOMPENSATESISFIRSTACTUALREVERSEENTERSFORTHEERROR,CONVERTSTHEPULSEEQUIVALENTNUMBERIT,COMPENSATESTHESUBROUTINEASTHEGAPTHEOUTPUT,WHENTHECOMPUTERJUDGMENTAPPEARSWHENINSTRUCTIONFORCOUNTERMOTION,TRANSFERSTHEGAPTOCOMPENSATETHESUBROUTINEIMMEDIATELY,COMPENSATESTHEPULSEAFTERTHEOUTPUTTOELIMINATETHEREVERSEGAPTOCARRYONAGAINNORMALLYINSERTSMAKESUPTHEMOVEMENT2）OFTENTHEVALUESYSTEMATICCHARACTERISTICPOSITIONERRORCOMPENSATESAKINDOFSTOREHOUSEBYTRANSFERSFORTHEDESIGNERLIKETHISINTHECOMPONENTSDESIGNSTAGE,THEDESIGNERONLYMUSTINPUTTHECHARACTERISTICTHEPARAMETER,THESYSTEMDIRECTPRODUCTIONCHARACTERISTICEXAMPLEMODELWEMUSTSAVETHERELATEDCHARACTERISTICCLASSINTHEDATABASETHESTRUCTUREINFORMATION,THEDATABASETABLECOLLECTIONAREUSEINSAVINGTHISPARTOFRELATEDINFORMATIONACCORDINGWWW88DOC88COMWWWYANZIEDUCOMTOTHECHARACTERISTICTYPEDEFINITIONNEED,WEDEFINEDTHECHARACTERISTICCLASSCODETABLE,THECHARACTERISTICCLASSEDITIONINFORMATIONHAVEOUTSTANDINGSHOWNTHECHARACTERISTICTYPE；DEFINEDTHECHARACTERISTICCLASSSTRUCTUREOUTSTANDINGTOREACHTHECHARACTERISTICCLASSTHESTRUCTURE；ANDRELATESTHROUGHTHECOMPONENTSCHARACTERISTICDISPOSITIONTABLEANDTHECOMPONENTSCHARACTERISTICLEVELINFORMATIONTHECHARACTERISTICLEVELDATASHEETCOLLECTIONISTHISCOMPONENTSMODELDATABASEDESIGNCORE,HASRECORDEDCHARACTERISTICEXAMPLEINFORMATIONANDSOONMODELDESIGN,CRAFTTHECHARACTERISTICSTRUCTURETABLEHASRECORDEDTHECHARACTERISTICGEOMETRYSTRUCTURE；THECHARACTERISTICSIZETABLE,THECHARACTERISTICSHAPEPOSITIONTABLEOFLIMITS,THECHARACTERISTICSURFACEROUGHNESSTABLEHASRECORDEDTHECHARACTERISTICPROJECTSEMANTICSQUOTATION；THESIZETABLE,THESHAPEPOSITIONTABLEOFLIMITS,THESURFACEROUGHNESSTABLESAVEDALLCOMPONENTSCHARACTERISTICDATAMESSAGEINTHECHARACTERISTICLEVEL,USINGCHARACTERISTICID,GEOMETRYPRINCIPALLINKAGEANDSOONESSENTIALFACTORID,SIZEID,COMMONDIFFERENCEID,ROUGHNESSIDCARRIESONTHEDATARETRIEVALWEAPPLYTHISCOMPONENTSINFORMATIONMODELDATABASEUNDERTHEFACTORYENVIRONMENTSOMEMODULECADINTHEAMINTEGRATIVESYSTEM,HASREALIZEDCADANDTHECAPPCHARACTERISTICINFORMATIONSHARINGWELLMAINUSEREADYMADECAD/THECAMSOFTWAREUNIGRA□PHICS1ICARRIESONTHEPRODUCTDESIGNANDTHENCPROGRAMMINGINTHISSYSTEM,ANDTHROUGHCARRIESONTWOTIMESOFDEVELOPMENTSGAINSCOMPONENTSTOTHISSOFTWARETHESIZEINFORMATION；ATTHESAMETIMEUSESTHEDIALOGUEWINDOWWHICHDEVELOPSVOLUNTARILY,LETSDESIGNTHEPERSONNELTOINPUTOTHERCHARACTERISTICINFORMATIONALTERNATELY,REALIZESTHISSOFTWAREANDTHESYSTEMSHARINGDATABASECONNECTIONWHENASSISTANCETECHNOLOGICALDESIGN,THETECHNOLOGICALDESIGNPERSONNELTHROUGHTHEPROCEDUREINQUIRYFUNCTION,INQUIRESTHECOMPONENTSINFORMATIONFROMTHESHARINGDATABASEWHICHNEEDS,CARRIESONTHEINTERACTIVETECHNOLOGICALDESIGNTHUSHASFACILITATEDTHECAPPCOMPONENTSINFORMATIONACQUISITION,ENHANCEDTHETECHNOLOGICALDESIGNEFFICIENCYWHENCARRIESONTHENCPROGRAMMINGUSINGUG,MAYFROMTHESHARINGDATABASEGAINTHECRAFTANDTHEMANUFACTUREINFORMATIONWHICHNEEDS,CARRIESONVARIOUSWORKINGPROCEDURESTHEKNIFEAXLEDESIGNANDTHEPROCESSINGSIMULATIONESTABLISHESANABSOLUTEZEROSPOTONTHENUMERICALCONTROLENGINEBED,THEACTUALVARIOUSCOORDINATEAXESSYZYGYCOMPLETELYPOSITIONERROR,MAKESTHECURVEINORDERTODETERMINEDCOMPENSATESTHESPOTATTEMPTSLTOSHOWISANACTUALPOSITIONERRORCURVE,ERRORCARRIESONTHISCURVEYCOORDINATETAKETHEPULSEEQUIVALENTASTHEUNITTHEDIVISION,MAKESTHEHORIZONTALLINE,EACHHORIZONTALLINEANDTHECURVEPOINTOFINTERSECTIONNAMELYCOMPENSATESTHESPOTFORTHEGOALCHART1THECENTER1TO6OCLOCKPLACEPOSITIONERRORSFOR,NEEDSTODOREDUCESTHEPULSETOCOMPENSATE；BUTNEEDSTOCARRYON6TO9ADDSTHEPULSETOCOMPENSATEINTHECHARTTHESHADOWPARTIALLYFORTOCOMPENSATETHEAREACOMPENSATESTHERANGEOFPOINTSTHESETOBECOMETHEERRORTHECALIBRATIONCORRECTIONSSTORESTHECOMPUTER,WHENWORKTABLEBYZERODISPLACEMENTINPOSITION,WWW88DOC88COMWWWYANZIEDUCOMINSTALLSSENDSOUTTHEABSOLUTEZEROPOINTLOCALIZATIONSIGNALINTHEABSOLUTEZEROPOINTMICROSWITCH,LATERCOMPUTERASNECESSARYWILLSENDOUTTHEGOALTOCOMPENSATETOCOMPENSATETHESIGNAL,WILLCARRYONTHEPOSITIONERRORTOTHEENGINEBEDTOCOMPENSATETHECOSINEGENERATORASSIGNSSLIDEGUAGEINITIATIONSIGNALAELECTRICITYANDBYSTEPOFTRANSMISSION3）FEEDBACKSCOMPENSATESTHEOPENLOOPCONTROLCHART2HASPRODUCEDTHISKINDOFSYSTEMSCHEMATICDIAGRAMTHISSYSTEMSURVEYSTWOPARTSBYTHEOPENLOOPCONTROLANDTHEINDUCTIONSYNCHROMESHDIRECTPOSITIONTOBECOMPOSEDHEREPOSITIONEXAMINATIONDOESNOTSERVEASTHEPOSITIONTHEFEEDBACK,BUTISCOMPENSATESTHEFEEDBACKASTHEPOSITIONERRORITSCARDINALPRINCIPLEISINSTALLSTHEINSTRUCTIONPULSEBYTHEENGINEBEDNUMERICALCONTROLWHICHCNCSENDSOUT,ONTHEONEHANDTHESUPPLIESOPENSYSTEM,THECONTROLSTEPBYSTEPSTHEELECTRICALMACHINERYACCORDINGTOTHEINSTRUCTIONREVOLUTION,ANDTHEDIRECTDRIVEPLATENMOVES,CONSTITUTESTHEOPENLOOPCONTROL；ONTHEOTHERHANDTHISINSTRUCTIONPULSESUPPLIESTHEINDUCTIONSYNCHROMESHTHEMEASUREMENTSYSTEMNAMELYDIGITALLY,COSINEGENERATOR,ASPOSITIONDEMANDSIGNALABYTHEWORKINTHEWARNINGWAYINDUCTIONSYNCHROMESHTHISTIMENOTONLYISTHEPOSITIONSENSOR,ALSOISTHECOMPARATOR,ITBY,THECOSINEGENERATORASSIGNSSLIDEGUAGEINITIATIONSIGNALAELECTRICITYANDBYSTEPOFTRANSMISSION4）CONCLUSIONSUNDERTHECIMSENVIRONMENTTHETECHNOLOGYWHICHDEVELOPSUNCEASINGLYBASEDONCHARACTERISTICCOMPONENTSINFORMATIONMODELING,HOWENHANCESTHECOMPONENTSORDEROFCOMPLEXITYWHICHTHECHARACTERISTICDESIGNCANCOMPLETE；HOWCAUSESQUESTIONANDSOONREQUESTWHICHTHECHARACTERISTICDESIGNADOPTIONTRICKRECOGNITION,THECHARACTERISTICSEMANTICSTRANSFORMSALSOTOWAITFORTHEPEOPLETOSOLVETHISARTICLEINTRODUCEDTHECHARACTERISTICTECHNOLOGYINTHECOMPONENTSINFORMATIONMODELINGAPPLICATION,DESCRIBESTHISCOMPONENTSDATAMODELDATABASEREALIZATIONWITHEMPHASIS；ESTABLISHESTHECOMPONENTSINFORMATIONDATABASESYSTEMMAYSATISFYTHECIMSSYSTEMWELLTOTHELETTERNUMERICALCONTROLNCISAFORMOFPROGRAMMABLEAUTOMATIONINWHICHTHEPROCESSINGEQUIPMENTISCONTROLLEDBYMEANSOFNUMBERS,LETTERS,ANDOTHERSYMBOLSTHENUMBERS,LETTERS,ANDSYMBOLSARECODEDINANAPPROPRIATEFORMATTODEFINEAPROGRAMOFINSTRUCTIONSFORAPARTICULARWORKPARTORJOBWHENTHEJOBCHANGES,THEPROGRAMOFINSTRUCTIONSISCHANGEDTHECAPABILITYTOCHANGETHEPROGRAMISWHATMAKESNCSUITABLEFORLOWANDMEDIUMVOLUMEPRODUCTIONITISMUCHEASIERTOWRITENEWPROGRAMSTHANTOMAKEMAJORALTERATIONSOFTHEPROCESSINGEQUIPMENTBASICCOMPONENTSOFNCANUMERICALCONTROLSYSTEMCONSISTSOFTHEFOLLOWINGTHREEBASICCOMPONENTSPROGRAMOFINSTRUCTIONSMACHINECONTROLUNITWWW88DOC88COMWWWYANZIEDUCOMPROCESSINGEQUIPMENTTHEGENERALRELATIONSHIPAMONGTHETHREECOMPONENTSISILLUSTRATEDINFIG21THEPROGRAMISFEDINTOTHECONTROLUNIT,WHICHDIRECTSTHEPROCESSINGEQUIPMENTACCORDINGLYTHEPROGRAMOFINSTRUCTIONSISTHEDETAILEDSTEPBYSTEPCOMMANDSTHATDIRECTTHEPROCESSINGEQUIPMENTINITSMOSTCOMMONFORM,THECOMMANDSREFERTOPOSITIONSOFAMACHINETOOLSPINDLEWITHRESPECTTOTHEWORKTABLEONWHICHTHEPARTISFIXTUREDMOREADVANCEDINSTRUCTIONSINCLUDESELECTIONOFSPINDLESPEEDS,CUTTINGTOOL,ANDOTHERFUNCTIONTHEMOSTCOMMONMEDIUMINUSEOVERTHELASTSEVERALDECADESHASBEEN1INWIDEPUNCHEDTAPEBECAUSEOFTHEWIDESPREADUSEOFTHEPUNCHEDTAPE,NCISSOMETIMESCALLED“TAPECONTROL”HOWEVER,THISISAMISNOMERINMODERNUSAGEOFNUMERICALCONTROLCOMINGINTOUSEMORERECENTLYHAVEBEENMAGNETICTAPECASSETTESANDFLOPPYDISKETTESTHEMACHINECONTROLUNITMCUCONSISTSOFTHEELECTRONICSANDCONTROLHARDWARETHATREADANDINTERPRETTHEPROGRAMOFINSTRUCTIONANDCONVERTITINTOMECHANICALACTIONSOFTHEMACHINETOOLOROTHERPROCESSINGEQUIPMENTTHEPROCESSINGEQUIPMENTISTHETHIRDBASICCOMPONENTOFANNCSYSTEMITISTHECOMPONENTTHATPERFORMSUSEFULWORKINTHEMOSTCOMMONEXAMPLEOFNUMERICALCONTROL,ONETHATPERFORMSMACHININGOPERATIONS,THEPROCESSINGEQUIPMENTCONSISTSOFTHEWORKTABLEANDSPINDLEASWELLASTHEMOTORSANDCONTROLSNEEDEDTODRIVETHEMTYPESOFCONTROLSYSTEMSTHEREARETWOBASICTYPESOFCONTROLSYSTEMSINNUMERICALCONTROLPOINTTOPOINTANDCONTOURINGINTHEPOINTTOPOINTSYSTEM,ALSOCALLEDPOSITIONING,EACHAXISOFTHEMACHINEISDRIVENSEPARATELYBYLEADSCREWSAND,DEPENDINGONTHETYPEOFOPERATION,ATDIFFERENTVELOCITIESTHEMACHINEMOVESINITIALLYATMAXIMUMVELOCITYINORDERTOREDUCENONPRODUCTIVETIMEBUTDECELERATESASTHETOOLREACHESITSNUMERICALLYDEFINEDPOSITIONTHUSINANPOTATIONSUCHASDRILLINGORPUNCHING,THEPOSITIONINGANDCUTTINGTAKEPLACESEQUENTIALLYAFTERTHEHOLEISDRILLEDORPUNCHED,THETOOLRETRACTS,MOVESRAPIDLYTOANOTHERPOSITION,ANDREPEATSTHEOPERATIONTHEPATHFOLLOWEDFROMONEPOSITIONTOANOTHERISIMPORTANTINONLYONERESPECTTHETIMEREQUIREDSHOULDBEMINIMIZEDFOREFFICIENCYPOINTTOPOINTSYSTEMSAREUSEDMAINLYINDRILLING,PUNCHING,ANDSTRAIGHTMILLINGOPERATIONSINTHECONTOURINGSYSTEM,ALSOKNOWNASTHECONTINUOUSPATHSYSTEM,POSITIONINGANDCUTTINGOPERATIONSAREBOTHALONGCONTROLLEDPATHSBUTATDIFFERENTVELOCITIESBECAUSETHETOOLCUTSASITTRAVELSALONGAPRESCRIBEDPATH,ACCURATECONTROLANDSYNCHRONIZATIONOFVELOCITIESANDMOVEMENTSAREIMPORTANTTHECONTOURINGSYSTEMISUSEDONLATHES,MILLINGMACHINES,GRINDERS,WELDINGMACHINERY,ANDMACHININGCENTERS
