外文翻译--铣床夹具设计特点.doc

MILLINGFIXTUREDESIGNFEATURESFIRST,THEMAINTYPESOFMILLINGMACHINEFIXTUREANDSTRUCTUREOFTHEFORMMILLINGFIXTUREFORMACHININGPARTSONTHEMAINPLANE,GROOVE,KEYWAY,SPLINE,ANDTHEGAPASWELLASFACESHAPEUSUALLYASARESULTOFMILLINGFIXTURETABLETOGETHERWITHTHEFEEDMOVEMENT,INDIFFERENTWAYSACCORDINGTOTHEFEEDMILLINGFIXTURECANBEDIVIDEDINTOSTRAIGHTLINEFEEDTYPE,FEEDCIRCULARMODEANDRELYONTHREETYPESOFFEEDTYPE1LINEARFEEDTYPEMILLINGFIXTURETHISTYPEOFMILLINGMACHINEWITHTHEMOSTFIXTUREINSTALLEDINTHEMILLINGMACHINETABLE,THEPROCESSINGINASTRAIGHTLINEWITHTHEFEEDTABLEBYWAYOFMOVEMENTACCORDINGTOTHEWORKPIECEQUALITY,STRUCTUREANDPRODUCTIONQUANTITIESWILLBEDESIGNEDASAONEPIECEFIXTUREPOINTSMORETHANTHEPARALLELANDMORETHANAROWFOLLOWEDBYCLAMPINGOFTHELINKAGEAPPROACH,SOMETIMESTHEUSEOFSUBDEGREEINSTITUTIONS,BOTHTOIMPROVEPRODUCTIONEFFICIENCY2CIRCLETYPEMILLINGMACHINEFIXTUREFEEDCIRCLEFEEDMILLINGINTHECASEOFNONSTOPLOADINGANDUNLOADINGTHEWORKPIECE,THEGENERALISAMULTITASKING,ANDINTHEMILLINGMACHINEROTARYTABLEUSETHISFIXTUREISCOMPACTANDEASYTOOPERATE,MOBILETIMEANDAUXILIARYTIMEOVERLAPISHIGHPERFORMANCEMILLINGFIXTURE,FORUSEINHIGHVOLUMEPRODUCTION3BYMOLDMILLINGFIXTURETHISMODULEDEPENDSONTHEMILLINGMACHINEWITHAFIXTUREUSEDINDEDICATEDORUNIVERSALMILLINGMACHINESONTHEPROCESSINGOFVARIOUSNONCIRCULARSURFACEONTHEROLEOFMOLDISTOMAKEACCESSTOSUPPLEMENTARYMOTORWORKPIECETOFORMAPROFILECAMPAIGNMOVEMENTBYWAYOFTHEMAINFEEDTHROUGHMODECANBEDIVIDEDINTOSTRAIGHTLINEMILLINGMACHINEFIXTUREANDCIRCLEINTOTHEFEEDTOTHETWOSECOND,THEDESIGNFEATURESOFMILLINGFIXTUREASARESULTOFMILLINGANDCUTTINGFORCECUTTINGMOREANDMOREINTERMITTENTCUTTINGEDGE,EASYPROCESSINGOFVIBRATION,SOTHEYSHOULDPAYATTENTIONTOTHEDESIGNOFMILLINGMACHINEFIXTURECLAMPINGFORCETOBESUFFICIENTSELFLOCKINGANDANTISTROKE；FIXTUREINSTALLATIONTOBEACCURATEANDRELIABLE,THATIS,WHENTHEPROCESSINGINSTALLATIONANDTHEPROPERUSEOFDIRECTIONALKEYSONTHEKNIFEDEVICE；SPECIFICFOLDERHAVESUFFICIENTSTIFFNESSANDSTABILITY,THESTRUCTUREMUSTBEREASONABLEASARESULTOFMILLINGANDCUTTINGFORCECUTTINGMOREANDMOREINTERMITTENTCUTTINGEDGE,EASYPROCESSINGOFVIBRATION,SOTHEYSHOULDPAYATTENTIONTOTHEDESIGNOFMILLINGMACHINEFIXTURECLAMPINGFORCETOBESUFFICIENTSELFLOCKINGANDANTISTROKE；FIXTUREINSTALLATIONTOBEACCURATEANDRELIABLE,THATIS,WHENTHEPROCESSINGINSTALLATIONANDTHEPROPERUSEOFDIRECTIONALKEYSONTHEKNIFEDEVICE；SPECIFICFOLDERHAVESUFFICIENTSTIFFNESSANDSTABILITY,THESTRUCTUREMUSTBEREASONABLE1DIRECTIONALKEYSDIRECTIONALKEYPOSITION,ALSOKNOWNASKEYS,INSTALLEDONTHEBOTTOMOFTHEVERTICALSLOTFIXTURE,GENERALLYWITHTWO,ANINASTRAIGHTLINE,THEFARTHERTHEDISTANCE,THEHIGHERTHEPRECISIONORIENTED,WITHSCREWFASTENINGINTHESPECIFICFOLDERDIRECTIONALKEYSWORKWITHTHEMILLINGMACHINEWITHTABLESHAPEDSLOTINTHEMACHINETOOLFIXTURETODETERMINETHECORRECTPOSITION；CANABSORBPARTOFTHECUTTINGTORQUE,REDUCINGTHELOADONCLAMPINGBOLTTOINCREASETHESTABILITYOFTHEFIXTURE,SOFLATANDSOMESPECIALDRILLINGJIGBORINGMACHINEFIXTUREISALSOFREQUENTLYUSEDDIRECTIONALKEYSARERECTANGULARANDROUNDTWO2OFTHEKNIFEDEVICEDEVICESONTHEKNIFEBLOCKANDKNIFEBYTHESIDEOFTHEFOOTOFTHEFIXTUREANDTOOLUSEDTODETERMINETHERELATIVEPOSITIONTHESTRUCTUREOFTHEFORMOFAKNIFEDEPENDSONTHESHAPEOFTHESURFACEPROCESSINGDIRECTIONALHIGHPRECISIONFIXTURESHOULDNOTBEUSEDORHEAVYDIRECTIONALKEYS,BUTINTHESPECIFICFOLDERONONEELONGATEDSIDEPROCESSINGASABASETOLOOKFORISTHEINSTALLATIONLOCATIONCALIBRATIONFIXTUREKNIFEBLOCKONTHEPINANDSCREWFASTENERCOMMONLYUSEDINTHESPECIFICFOLDER,ITSLOCATIONSHOULDBEEASYTOUSEPLUGFOOTONTHEKNIFE,WITHOUTPREJUDICETOTHEWORKPIECELOADINGANDUNLOADINGONTHEKNIFEWHENTHEKNIFECUTTERBLOCKWITHAPLUGINBETWEENTHEFEETWITHTHEKNIFETOOLTOAVOIDDIRECTCONTACTBLOCKORCAUSEDAMAGETOTHEKNIFEBLADEBLOCKPREMATUREWEARCYPRIOTCYPRIOTFEETAREFLATFEETANDTWOFOOTCYLINDRICALPLUG,THETHICKNESSANDDIAMETEROF35MM,MANUFACTURINGTOLERANCEH6SIDEOFTHEKNIFEBLOCKANDFEETHAVEBEENSTANDARDIZEDTHEDESIGNCANBEFOUNDINTHERELEVANTMANUAL,USETHETOTALFIXTURESEDATMAPSCALESHOULDBEMARKEDONTHEKNIFEBLOCKSIZEANDTHEWORKSURFACEANDPOSITIONINGTHELOCATIONBETWEENTHECOMPONENTSDEVICESSHOULDBEINSTALLEDONTHEBLADEOFTHEKNIFEANDISEASYTOCUTONEENDOFTHEWORKPIECE3FOLDERSPECIFICDESIGNTOIMPROVETHEMILLINGFIXTUREINSTALLEDINTHEMACHINETOOLSTABILITY,REDUCEITSINTERMITTENTCUTTINGMAYBECAUSEDBYVIBRATION,NOTONLYINTHESPECIFICFOLDERHAVESUFFICIENTSTIFFNESSANDSTRENGTH,THEIRHEIGHTANDWIDTHRATIOSHOULDALSOBEAPPROPRIATE,AGENERALH/B≤1125,INORDERTOREDUCETHEFIXTURECENTEROFGRAVITY,SOTHATASCLOSEASPOSSIBLETOTHEWORKPIECESURFACECOUNTERTOPSINADDITION,WEMUSTSETAREASONABLEANDEARBLOCKSTOSTRENGTHENTHETENDONSIFTHEFOLDERSPECIFICWIDE,CANBESETUPINTHESAMESIDEOFTWOTSLOTMILLINGMACHINETABLEEQUIDISTANTBETWEENTHEEARSBLOCK；OFHEAVYDUTYMILLINGFIXTURES,SPECIFICFOLDERSSHOULDALSOBESETUPATBOTHENDSOFTHERINGS,SUCHASLIFTINGHOLESORTOCARRYINTHEMILLINGPROCESS,THEOFTENINSTALLEDINTHEMILLINGFIXTURETABLE,TOGETHERWITHTHEJIGWITHTHEWORKPIECEFEEDTABLEFORMOVEMENTINTHEMILLINGPROCESS,THEOFTENINSTALLEDINTHEMILLINGFIXTURETABLE,TOGETHERWITHTHEJIGWITHTHEWORKPIECEFEEDTABLEFORMOVEMENTACCORDINGTOTHEWORKPIECEFEEDMEANSOFGENERALMILLINGFIXTURECANBEDIVIDEDINTOTHEFOLLOWINGTWOTYPES1LINEARFEEDTYPEMILLINGFIXTURE。INTHEMILLINGPROCESS,THEOFTENINSTALLEDINTHEMILLINGFIXTURETABLE,TOGETHERWITHTHEJIGWITHTHEWORKPIECEFEEDTABLEFORMOVEMENT2CIRCLEFEEDMILLINGFIXTURESUCHFIXTURESARECOMMONLYUSEDINTHEMILLINGMACHINEWITHROTARYTABLE,THEWORKPIECETABLE,TOGETHERWITHTHEFIXTUREWITHTHECONTINUOUS,SLOWMOVEMENTOFTHEROTARYFEED,NOPARKINGWILLBELOADINGANDUNLOADINGTHEWORKPIECEACCORDINGTOTHEPROCESSINGREQUIREMENTSOFTHETWOCUTTERHEADCANALSOBEROUGHATTHESAMETIME,FINISHINGMILLINGISAFLAT,KEYWAY,GEARANDAVARIETYOFFORMINGSURFACEPROCESSINGMETHODSCOMMONLYUSEDPROCESSINGTHEWORKPIECEINTHEMILLINGMACHINE,THEGENERALADOPTIONOFTHEFOLLOWINGTYPESOFCLAMPINGMETHODS1DIRECTLYINTHEMILLINGMACHINETABLECLAMPINGALARGEWORKPIECECLAMPINGOFTENDIRECTLYINTHETABLE,WITHSTUD,PLATECOMPACTOR,WHICHNEEDTODIALINDICATORMETHODS,TOOLSSUCHASZONEDTOFINDTHENEEDLESURFACEANDTHECUTTERISPROCESSINGRELATIVEPOSITION2VICEFLATTOOLUSEDFORCLAMPINGTHEWORKPIECEINTHESHAPEOFASIMPLE,SMALLPARTS,GENERALMACHINETOOLSCANBEUSEDINCLAMPINGVICEINTHEMOUTH,THENEEDTOENSURETHATWHENUSEDINMACHINEVICETHECORRECTPOSITION3DIVIDINGHEADWITHTHEWORKPIECECLAMPING,THENEEDFORINDEXINGOFTHEWORKPIECE,THEGENERALDIRECTCLAMPINGHEADINTHESUBDEGREESINADDITION,INDEXINGOFTHEWORKPIECEWITHOUTDIVIDINGHEADWITHCLAMPINGPROCESSINGISALSOVERYCONVENIENT4WITHVSHAPEDFRAMEWORKPIECECLAMPINGMETHODISGENERALLYAPPLICABLETOSHAFTPARTS,INADDITIONTOHAVINGABETTERTHANNEUTRAL,BUTALSOTOBEARAGREATERCUTTINGFORCE铣床夹具设计特点一、铣床夹具的主要类型及结构形式铣床夹具主要用于加工零件上的平面、凹槽、键槽、花键、缺口及各种成形面。由于铣削加工通常是夹具随工作台一起作进给运动，按进给方式不同铣床夹具可分为直线进给式、圆周进给式和靠模进给式三种类型。1．直线进给式铣床夹具这类铣床用得最多。夹具安装在铣床工作台上，加工中随工作台按直线进给方式运动。根据工件质量、结构及生产批量，将夹具设计成单件多点、多件平行和多件连续依次夹紧的联动方式，有时还要采用分度机构，均为了提高生产效率。2．圆周进给式铣床夹具圆周进给铣削方式在不停车的情况下装卸工件，一般是多工位，在有回转工作台的铣床上使用。这种夹具结构紧凑，操作方便，机动时间与辅助时间重叠，是高效铣床夹具，使用于大批量生产。3靠模铣床夹具这种带有靠模的铣床夹具用在专用或通用铣床上加工各种非圆曲面。靠模的作用是使工件获得辅助运动，形成仿形运动。按主进给运动方式，靠模铣床夹具可分为直线进给和圆周进给两种。二、铣床夹具的设计要点由于铣削加工切削用量及切削力较大，又是多刃断续切削，加工时易产生振动，因此设计铣床夹具时应注意夹紧力要足够且反行程自锁；夹具的安装要准确可靠，即安装及加工时要正确使用定向键、对刀装置；夹具体要有足够的刚度和稳定性，结构要合理。1．定向键