外文翻译--液压系统的设计与模具设计.doc -- 5 元

HydraulicsystemdesignandmolddesignHydraulicpresserdriveandairpressuredrivehydraulicfluidasthetransmissionismadeaccordingtothe17thcentury,Pascalsprincipleofhydrostaticpressuretodrivethedevelopmentofanemergingtechnology,theUnitedKingdomin1795BramanJosephJosephBraman,17491814,inLondonwaterasamediumtoformhydraulicpressusedinindustry,thebirthoftheworldsfirsthydraulicpress.Mediaworkin1905willbereplacedbyoilwaterandfurtherimproved.AftertheWorldWarI19141918,becauseoftheextensiveapplicationofhydraulictransmission,especiallyafter1920,morerapiddevelopment.Hydrauliccomponentsinthelate19thcenturyabouttheearly20thcentury,20years,onlystartedtoentertheformalphaseofindustrialproduction.1925VickersF.Vikerstheinventionofthepressurebalancedvanepump,hydrauliccomponentsforthemodernindustrialorhydraulictransmissionofthegradualestablishmentofthefoundation.Theearly20thcenturyGConstantimscofluctuationsoftheenergycarriedoutbypassingtheoreticalandpracticalresearchin1910onthehydraulictransmissionhydrauliccoupling,hydraulictorqueconverter,etc.contributions,sothatthesetwoareasofdevelopment.TheSecondWorldWar19411945period,intheUnitedStates30ofmachinetoolapplicationsinthehydraulictransmission.ItshouldbenotedthatthedevelopmentofhydraulictransmissioninJapanthanEuropeandtheUnitedStatesandothercountriesfornearly20yearslater.Beforeandafterin1955,therapiddevelopmentofJapanshydraulicdrive,setupin1956,HydraulicIndustry.Nearly20to30years,thedevelopmentofJapansfasthydraulictransmission,aworldleader.HydraulictransmissionTherearemanyoutstandingadvantages,itiswidelyused,suchasgeneralindustrialuseofplasticsprocessingmachinery,thepressureofmachinery,machinetools,etc.operatingmachineryengineeringmachinery,constructionmachinery,agriculturalmachinery,automobiles,etc.ironandsteelindustrymetallurgicalmachinery,liftingequipment,suchasrolleradjustmentdevicecivilwaterprojectswithfloodcontrolanddamgatedevices,bedliftsinstallations,bridgesandothermanipulationofinstitutionsspeedturbinepowerplantinstallations,nuclearpowerplants,etc.shipfromthedeckheavymachinerywinch,thebowdoors,bulkheadvalve,sternthruster,etc.specialantennatechnologygiantwithcontroldevices,measurementbuoys,movementssuchasrotatingstagemilitaryindustrialcontroldevicesusedinartillery,shipantirollingdevices,aircraftsimulation,aircraftretractablelandinggearandruddercontroldevicesandotherdevices.Acompletehydraulicsystemconsistsoffiveparts,namely,powercomponents,theimplementationofcomponents,controlcomponents,auxiliarycomponentsandhydraulicoil.Theroleofdynamiccomponentsoftheoriginalmotivefluidintomechanicalenergytothepressurethatthehydraulicsystemofpumps,itistopowertheentirehydraulicsystem.Thestructureoftheformofhydraulicpumpgearsaregenerallypump,vanepumpandpistonpump.Implementationofcomponentssuchashydrauliccylindersandhydraulicmotorswhichisthepressureoftheliquidcanbeconvertedtomechanicalenergytodrivetheloadforastraightlinereciprocatingmovementorrotationalmovement.Controlcomponentsthatis,thevarioushydraulicvalvesinthehydraulicsystemtocontrolandregulatethepressureofliquid,flowrateanddirection.Accordingtothedifferentcontrolfunctions,hydraulicpressurecontrolvalvecanbedividedintovalves,flowcontrolvalvesanddirectionalcontrolvalve.Pressurecontrolvalvesaredividedintobenefitsflowvalvesafetyvalve,pressurereliefvalve,sequencevalve,pressurerelays,etc.flowcontrolvalvesincludingthrottle,adjustingthevalves,flowdiversionvalvesets,etc.directionalcontrolvalveincludesaonewayvalve,onewayfluidcontrolvalve,shuttlevalve,valveandsoon.Underthecontrolofdifferentways,canbedividedintothehydraulicvalvecontrolswitchvalve,controlvalveandsetthevalueoftheratiocontrolvalve.Auxiliarycomponents,includingfueltanks,oilfilters,tubingandpipejoints,seals,pressuregauge,oillevel,suchasoildollars.Hydraulicoilinthehydraulicsystemistheworkoftheenergytransfermedium,thereareavarietyofmineraloil,emulsionoilhydraulicmoldingHopcategories.Theroleofthehydraulicsystemistohelphumanitywork.Mainlybytheimplementationofcomponentstorotateorpressureintoareciprocatingmotion.Hydraulicsystemandhydraulicpowercontrolsignaliscomposedoftwoparts,thesignalcontrolofsomepartsofthehydraulicpowerusedtodrivethecontrolvalvemovement.Partofthehydraulicpowermeansthatthecircuitdiagramusedtoshowthedifferentfunctionsoftheinterrelationshipbetweencomponents.Containingthesourceofhydraulicpump,hydraulicmotorandauxiliarycomponentshydrauliccontrolpartcontainsavarietyofcontrolvalves,usedtocontroltheflowofoil,pressureanddirectionoperativeorhydrauliccylinderwithhydraulicmotors,accordingtotheactualrequirementsoftheirchoice.Intheanalysisanddesignoftheactualtask,thegeneralblockdiagramshowstheactualoperationofequipment.Hollowarrowindicatesthesignalflow,whilethesolidarrowsthatenergyflow.BasichydrauliccircuitoftheactionsequenceControlcomponentstwofourwayvalveandthespringtoresetfortheimplementationofcomponentsdoubleactinghydrauliccylinder,aswellastheextendingandretractingthereliefvalveopenedandclosed.Fortheimplementationofcomponentsandcontrolcomponents,presentationsarebasedonthecorrespondingcircuitdiagramsymbols,italsointroducedreadymadecircuitdiagramsymbols.Workingprincipleofthesystem,youcanturnonallcircuitstocode.Ifthefirstimplementationofcomponentsnumbered0,thecontrolcomponentsassociatedwiththeidentifieris1.Outwiththeimplementationofcomponentscorrespondingtotheidentifierfortheevencomponents,thenretractingandimplementationofcomponentscorrespondingtotheidentifierfortheoddcomponents.Hydrauliccircuitcarriedoutnotonlytodealwithnumbers,butalsotodealwiththeactualdeviceID,inordertodetectsystemfailures.DINISO12192standarddefinitionofthenumberofcomponentcomposition,whichincludesthefollowingfourpartsdeviceID,circuitID,componentIDandcomponentID.Theentiresystemifonlyonedevice,devicenumbermaybeomitted.Practice,anotherwayistocodeallofthehydraulicsystemcomponentsfornumbersatthistime,componentsandcomponentcodeshouldbeconsistentwiththelistofnumbers.Thismethodisparticularlyapplicabletocomplexhydrauliccontrolsystem,eachcontrollooparethecorrespondingnumberwiththesystemWithmechanicaltransmission,electricaltransmissioncomparedtothehydraulicdrivehasthefollowingadvantages1,avarietyofhydrauliccomponents,caneasilyandflexiblytolayout.2,lightweight,smallsize,smallinertia,fastresponse.3,tofacilitatemanipulationofcontrol,enablingawiderangeofsteplessspeedregulationspeedrangeof20001.4,toachieveoverloadprotectionautomatically.5,thegeneraluseofmineraloilasaworkingmedium,therelativemotioncanbeselflubricatingsurface,longservicelife6,itiseasytoachievelinearmotion/7,itiseasytoachievetheautomationofmachines,whenthejointcontroloftheuseofelectrohydraulic,notonlycanachieveahigherdegreeofprocessautomation,andremotecontrolcanbeachieved.Theshortcomingsofthehydraulicsystem1,asaresultoftheresistancetofluidflowandleakageofthelarger,solessefficient.Ifnothandledproperly,leakageisnotonlycontaminatedsites,butalsomaycausefireandexplosion.2,vulnerableperformanceasaresultoftheimpactoftemperaturechange,itwouldbeinappropriateinthehighorlowtemperatureconditions.3,themanufactureofprecisionhydrauliccomponentsrequireahigher,moreexpensiveandhencetheprice.4,duetotheleakageofliquidmediumandthecompressibilityandcannotbestrictlythetransmissionratio.5,hydraulictransmissionisnoteasytofindoutthereasonsforfailuretheuseandmaintenancerequirementsforahigherleveloftechnology.Inthehydraulicsystemanditssystem,thesealingdevicetopreventleakageoftheworkofmediawithinandoutsidethedustandtheintrusionofforeignbodies.Sealsplayedtheroleofcomponents,namelyseals.Mediumwillresultinleakageofwaste,pollutionandenvironmentalmachineryandevengiverisetomalfunctioningmachineryandequipmentforpersonalaccident.Leakagewithinthehydraulicsystemwillcauseasharpdropinvolumetricefficiency,amountingtolessthantherequiredpressure,cannotevenwork.Microinvasivesystemofdustparticles,cancauseorexacerbatefrictionhydrauliccomponentwear,andfurtherleadtoleakage.Therefore,sealsandsealingdeviceisanimportanthydraulicequipmentcomponents.Thereliabilityofitsworkandlife,isameasureofthehydraulicsystemanimportantindicatorofgoodorbad.Inadditiontotheclosedspace,aretheuseofseals,sothattwoadjacentcouplingsurfaceofthegapbetweentheneedtocontroltheliquidcanbesealedfollowingthesmallestgap.Inthecontactseal,pressedintoselfsealstyleandselfstyledselftightsealie,sealedlipstwo.Thethreehydraulicsystemdiseases.1,asaresultofheattransmissionmediumhydraulicoilintheflowvelocityinvariouspartsoftheexistenceofdifferent,resultingintheexistenceofaliquidwithintheinternalfrictionofliquidsandpipelinesatthesametimethereisfrictionbetweentheinnerwall,whicharearesultofhydraulicthereasonsfortheoiltemperature.Temperaturewillleadtoincreasedinternalandexternalleakage,reducingitsmechanicalefficiency.Atthesametimeasaresultofhightemperature,hydraulicoilexpansionwilloccur,resultinginincreasedcompression,sothatactioncannotbeverygoodcontroloftransmission.Solutionheatistheinherentcharacteristicsofthehydraulicsystem,notonlytominimizeeradication.Useagoodqualityhydraulicoil,hydraulicpipingarrangementshouldbeavoidedasfaraspossibletheemergenceofbend,theuseofhighqualitypipeandfittings,hydraulicvalves,etc.2,thevibrationofthevibrationofthehydraulicsystemisalsooneofitsmalaise.Asaresultofhydraulicoilinthepipelineflowofhighspeedimpactandthecontrolvalvetoopentheclosureoftheimpactoftheprocessarethereasonsforthevibrationsystem.Strongvibrationcontrolactionwillcausethesystemtoerror,thesystemwillalsobesomeofthemoresophisticatedequipmenterror,resultinginsystemfailures.Solutionshydraulicpipeshouldbefixedtoavoidsharpbends.Toavoidfrequentchangesinflowdirection,cannotavoiddampingmeasuresshouldbedoingagoodjob.Theentirehydraulicsystemshouldhaveagooddampingmeasures,whileavoidingtheexternallocaloscillatoronthesystem.3,theleakageofthehydraulicsystemleakintoinsideandoutsidetheleakageleakage.Leakagereferstotheprocesswiththeleakoccurredinthesystem,suchashydraulicpistoncylinderonbothsidesoftheleakage,thecontrolvalvespoolandvalvebody,suchasbetweentheleakage.Althoughnointernalleakageofhydraulic