2015年高考真题——英语(湖北卷) word版含解析

绝密启用前2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖北卷）英语本试题卷共16页，81题。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。祝考试顺利注意事项1答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用统一提供的2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。2选择题的作答每小题选出答案后，用统一提供的2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3完成句子和短文写作题的作答用统一提供的签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）（略）第二部分词汇知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节多项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例TOMAKEMEMBERSOFATEAMPERFORMBETTER,THETRAINERFIRSTOFALLHASTOKNOWTHEIR_ANDWEAKNESSESASTRENGTHSBBENEFITSCTECHNIQUESDVALUES答案A21WHENHEWASRUNNINGAFTERHISBROTHER,THEBOYLOSTHIS_ANDHADABADFALLABALANCEBCHANCECMEMORYDPLACE【答案】A考点名词词义辨析22HEGAVEHIMSELFANEWNAMETOHIDEHIS_WHENHEWENTTOCARRYOUTTHESECRETTASKAEMOTIONBTALENTCIDENTITYDTREASURE【答案】C【解析】试题分析句意他执行一项秘密任务时，给自己起了一个新的名字来掩盖身份。A项“情绪”；B项“才能”；C项“身份”；D项“财富”。故选C项。考点名词词义辨析23THETEAMAREWORKINGHARDTO_THEPROBLEMSOTHATTHEYCANFINDTHEBESTSOLUTIONAFACEBPREVENTCRAISEDANALYZE【答案】D考点动词词义辨析24INORDERNOTTOBEHEARD,SHEPOINTEDHERFINGERUPWARDSTO_THATSOMEONEWASMOVINGABOUTUPSTAIRSAWHISPERBSIGNALCDECLAREDCOMPLAIN【答案】B【解析】试题分析句意为了能够被听到，她手指向上指，示意有人正在楼上走动。A项“低声说，私语”；B项“发信号，（用手势）示意”；C项“（正式）宣称”；D项“抱怨”。故选B项。考点动词词义辨析25THEREISNODOUBTTHATTHISCANDIDATESADVANTAGE_HISABILITYTOCOMMUNICATEWITHFOREIGNERSINENGLISHALEAVESOUTBGOESAGAINSTCLIESINDMAKESUP【答案】C【解析】试题分析句意毫无疑问，这位候选人的优势在于他能够用英语和外国人交流。A项“遗漏，省略”；B项“违背，和作对”；C项“在于”；D项“编造，组成，化妆，和好”。故选C项。考点动词短语辨析26DONTWORRYIMSUREYOURMISSINGGLASSESWILL_SOONERORLATERASTANDOUTBBREAKUPCGETOUTDTURNUP【答案】D【解析】试题分析句意别担心。我相信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现的。A项“突出”；B项“结束，解散，分手”；C项“出去，出版，被泄露”；D项“出现，露面”。故选D项。考点动词短语辨析27EVENTHOUGHTHECONFERENCEHALLISNEARHISAPARTMENT,HEHASTOHURRYALITTLEIFHEWANTSTOBE_AACCURATEBPUNCTUALCEFFICIENTDREASONABLE【答案】B考点形容词词义辨析28IDONTTHINKWHATHESAIDIS_TOTHETOPICWEAREDISCUSSINGHEHASMISSEDTHEPOINTAFAITHFULBPARALLELCRELEVANTDSIMILAR【答案】C【解析】试题分析句意我认为他所说的和我们今天讨论的话题无关。他没有抓住要点。A项“忠实的，忠诚的”；B项“与平行”；C项“和相关”；D项“和相似”。BERELEVANTTO“和相关”。故选C项。考点形容词词义辨析29THEGIRLUSEDTOBESHY,BUTIS_GETTINGACTIVEINGROUPWORKANDISMOREWILLINGTOEXPRESSHERSELFAGRADUALLYBUSUALLYCPREVIOUSLYDMERELY【答案】A【解析】试题分析句意那个女孩过去很害羞，但现在团队合作越来越积极，（比以前）更愿意表达自己的想法。A项“逐渐地”；B项“通常，经常”；C项“以前”；D项“仅仅”。故选A项。考点副词词义辨析30THISMEETINGROOMISANONSMOKINGAREAIWOULDLIKETOWARNYOU_THATIFYOUSMOKEDHEREYOUWOULDBEFINEDAINADVANCEBINDETAILCINTOTALDINGENERAL【答案】A考点介词短语辨析第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。“DAILYSTAR,SIR”CALLEDJASON,CARRYINGSOMENEWSPAPERSUNDERHISARMTHELITTLEBOYHADBEENRUNNINGUPANDDOWNTHESTREET,BUTTHEREWERESTILLTWENTY_31_LEFTHISVOICEWASALMOSTGONEANDHISHEARTWAS_32_THESHOPSWOULDSOONCLOSE,ANDALLTHEPEOPLEWOULDGOHOMEHEWOULDHAVETOGOHOMETOO,CARRYINGTHEPAPERS_33_MONEYHEHADHOPEDTOSELLMOREPAPERSTONIGHTTOMAKEMOREMONEYTOBUYA_34_FORHISMOTHERANDSOMESEEDSFORHISBIRDTHATWASWHYHEHADBOUGHTTHEPAPERSWITHALLHISMONEYHE_35_ASHETHOUGHTOFHISFAILURETOSELLALLHISPAPERS“YOUDONTKNOWTHE_36_OFSELLINGPAPERSYOUMUSTSHOUT,“HOTNEWSBOMBBURSTING”ANOTHERNEWSBOYCHADTOLDJASON“_37_ITSNOTINTHEPAPERATALL,”REPLIEDJASON“JUSTRUNAWAYQUICKLY_38_THEYHAVETIMETOSEE,ANDYOULL_39_OUTANDGETYOURMONEY,”CHADSAIDITWASANEW_40_TOJASONHETHOUGHTOFHISBIRDWITHNO_41_ANDTHECAKEHEWANTEDTOBUYFORHISMOTHER,BUTWAS_42_THATHEWOULDNOTTELLALIETHOUGHHEWAS_43_APOORNEWSBOY,HEHADBEEN_44_SOMEGOODTHINGSTHENEXTAFTERNOONJASONWENTTOTHEOFFICEFORHISPAPERS_45_SEVERALBOYSWERECROWDINGAROUNDCHAD,WHODECLAREDWITHA_46_SMILETHATHESOLDSIXDOZENTHEDAYBEFOREHEADDEDTHATJASON_47_MONEYBECAUSEHEWOULDNOTTELLALIETHEBOY_48_ATJASON“YOUWOULDNTTELLALIEYESTERDAY,MYBOY”AGENTLEMANATTHEOFFICECAMEUPANDPATTEDJASONSSHOULDER_49_”YOUREJUSTTHEBOYIAMLOOKINGFOR”AWEEKLATERJASONSTARTEDHISNEW_50_HELOSTSALEOFTWENTYPAPERSBECAUSEHEWOULDNOTTELLALIE,BUTGOTAWELLPAIDJOBBECAUSEHETOLDTHETRUTH31ASHOPSBCOINSCPEOPLEDPAPERS32AOPENBHEAVYCPUREDWEAK33AINSTEADOFBINRETURNFORCREGARDLESSOFDINEXCHANGEFOR34ACUPBCARDCCOMBDCAKE35AGAVEINBBROKEDOWNCGOTAWAYDSHOWEDUP36ADIFFICULTYBPROCESSCGOALDSECRET37AANDBBUTCFORDSO38ABEFOREBSINCECTHOUGHDUNLESS39ACALLBDROPCSELLDREACH40AEDITIONBIDEACPOLICYDTASK41ABREADBINSECTSCSEEDSDWATER42ACONCERNEDBAMAZEDCEXCITEDDDETERMINED43ASTILLBALREADYCJUSTDALSO44ATAUGHTBHANDEDCAWARDEDDALLOWED45AATONCEBBYCHANCECASUSUALDONPURPOSE46APROUDBGENTLECWARMDPOLITE47ABORROWEDBLOSTCMADEDSAVED48ALAUGHEDBSHOUTEDCNODDEDDSTARTED49ABRAVELYBGRATEFULCFONDLYDMODESTLY50ADUTYBBUSINESSCJOBDMETHOD【答案】31D32B33A34D45B36D37B38A39C40B41C42D43C44A45C46A47B48A49C50C32B考查形容词。根据上文可知，小男孩还有20份报纸没卖完，因而心情十分沉重。A项“敞开心扉”；B项“心情沉重”；C项“纯粹，纯净”；D项“虚弱”。故选B项。33A考查介词短语。根据下文“TOMAKEMOREMONEYTO”可知，小男孩准备把剩下的报纸而不是钱带回家。A项“代替，而不是”；B项“作为回报”；C项“不管，不顾”；D项“以换取”。故选A项。34D考查名词。根据下文“ANDTHECAKEHEWANTEDTOBUY”可知，小男孩想挣更多的钱给母亲买一块蛋糕和鸟食。A项“茶杯”；B项“卡片”；C项“梳子”；D项“蛋糕”。故选D项。35B考查动词短语。句意当他想到没能卖完报纸，他一下子垮掉了。A项“让步，屈服”；B项“精神崩溃”；C项“离开，逃走”；D项“出现，露面”。故选B项。36D考查名词。句意你不知道卖报纸的秘诀。你必须大喊“热点新闻爆炸新闻”A项“困难”；B项“过程”；C项“目标”；D项“秘诀”。故选D项。37B考查连词。句意“（事实上）报纸上根本就没有。”此处语义与上文转折，故用转折连词BUT。A项表示承接；B项表示转折；C项表示原因；D项表示结果。故选B项。38A考查连词。句意在他们有时间看之前，迅速跑掉。A项“在之前”；B项“自从”；C项“尽管”；D项“除非”。故选A项。41C考查名词。根据上文“HEWANTEDTOBUYA_34_FORHISMOTHERANDSOMESEEDSFORHISBIRD”可知，此处意为“没有鸟食”。A项“面包”；B项“昆虫”；C项“鸟食”；D项“水”。故选C项。42D考查形容词。句意,但他坚决不会说谎。A项“担心的”；B项“惊讶的”；C项“激动的，兴奋的”；D项“坚定的，坚决的”。故选D项。43C考查连词。句意尽管他仅仅是个贫穷的卖报郎，他受过良好的教育。A项“仍然”；B项“已经”；C项“仅仅”；D项“也”。故选C项。44A考查动词。根据句意可知，他受过良好的教育。A项“教授”；B项“上交”；C项“奖励”；D项“允许”。故选A项。45C考查固定搭配。句意第二天下午，JASON像往常一样去邮局取报纸。A项“立即”；B项“偶然”；C项“像往常一样”；D项“故意地”。故选C项。46A考查形容词。句意好几个男孩都簇拥着CHAD，他面带微笑，自豪地宣称前一天他卖了72份报纸。A项“自豪的”；B项“温和的”；C项“温暖的”；D项“有礼貌的”。故选A项。47B考查动词。句意他补充说道JASON因为不愿说谎没挣到钱。A项“借”；B项“失去（没挣到）”；C项“挣得”；D项“节省”。故选B项。48A考查动词。句意男孩们都对JASON嘲笑，“老弟，昨天你不愿撒谎”。A项“嘲笑”；B项“大叫，大嚷”；C项“点头”；D项“盯着看”。故选A项。49C考查副词。句意邮局里的一位绅士走上前来，喜爱地轻拍了JASON的肩膀。“你就是我在找的男孩。”A项“勇敢地”；B项“感激地”；C项“喜爱地”；D项“谦虚地”。故选C项。50C考查名词。根据下文可知，JASON获得了一份薪水丰厚的工作。A项“责任，义务”；B项“生意”；C项“工作”；D项“方法”。故选C项。考点记叙文阅读。第三部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A“ISEEYOUVEGOTABITOFWATERONYOURCOAT,”SAIDTHEMANATTHEPETROLSTATION“ISITRAININGOUTTHERE”“NO,ITSPRETTYNICE,”IREPLIED,CHECKINGMYSLEEVE“OH,RIGHTAPONY马驹BITMEEARLIER”ASITHAPPENED,THEBITEWASVIRTUALLYPAINLESSMORETHEKINDOFSMALLBITEYOUMIGHTGETFROMANAUGHTYCHILDTHEPONYRESPONSIBLEWASQUEUINGUPFORSOMEICECREAMINTHECARPARKNEARHAYTOR,ANDPERHAPSTHOUGHTIDJUMPEDINAHEADOFHIMTHEREASONWHYTHEPONIESHEREARENAUGHTYISTHATHAYTORISATOURISTHEAVYAREAANDTOURISTSARECONSTANTLYFEEDINGTHEPONIESFOODS,DESPITESIGHSASKINGTHEMNOTTOBYFEEDINGTHEPONIES,TOURISTSINCREASETHERISKOFTHEMGETTINGHITBYACAR,ANDMAKETHEMHARDERTOGATHERDURINGTHEAREASANNUALPONYDRIFT迁移THEPURPOSEOFAPONYDRIFTISTOGATHERTHEMUPSOTHEIRHEALTHCANBECHECKED,THEBABYONESCANBESTOOPEDFROMFEEDINGONTHEIRMOTHERSMILK,ANDTHOSEWHOVEGONEBEYONDTHEIRLIMITEDAREACANBERETURNEDTOTHEIRCORRECTAREASOMEOFTHEMAREALSOLATERSOLD,INORDERTOLIMITTHENUMBEROFPONIESACCORDINGTOTHERULESSETBYNATURALENGLANDTHREEWEEKSAGO,IWITNESSEDASMALLNEARDISASTERAFEWMILSWESTOFHEREWHILEWALKING,INOTICEDAPONYROLLOVERONHISBACK“HELLO”ISAIDTOHIM,ASSUMINGHEWASJUSTROLLINGFORFUN,BUTHEWASVERYSTILLAND,ASIGOTCLOSER,ISAWHIMKICKINGHISLEGSINTHEAIRANDBREATHINGHEAVILYIBEGANTOPROPERLYWORRYABOUTHIMFORTUNATELY,IMANAGEDTOGETINTOUCHWITHADARTMOORSLIVESTOCKPROTECTIONOFFICERANDSENDHERAPHOTOTHEOFFICERIMMEDIATELYSENTALOCALFARMEROUTTOCHECKONTHEPONYTHEPONYHADACTUALLYBEENTRAPPEDBETWEENTWOROCKSTHEFARMERFREEDHIM,ANDHEBEGANTORUNHAPPILYAROUNDAGAINDARTMOORHAS1,000ORSOPONIES,WHOPLAYACRITICALROLEINCREATINGTHEDIVERSITYOFSPECIESINTHISAREAMANYPEOPLEAREWORKINGHARDTOPRESERVETHESEPONIES,ANDTRYINGTOCOMEUPWITHPLANSTOFINDASUSTAINABLE可持续的FUTUREFORONEOFDARTMOORSMOSTFINANCIALLYTROUBLEDELEMENTS51WHYARETOURISTSASKEDNOTTOFEEDTHEPONIESATOPROTECTTHETOURISTSFROMBEINGBITTENBTOKEEPTHEPONIESOFFTHEPETROLSTATIONCTOAVOIDPUTTINGTHEPONIESINDANGERDTOPREVENTTHEPONIESFROMFIGHTING52ONEOFTHEPURPOSESOFTHEANNUALPONYDRIFTIS_ATOFEEDBABYPONIESONMILKBTOCONTROLTHENUMBEROFPONIESCTOEXPANDTHEHABITATFORPONIESDTOSELLTHEPONIESATAGOODPRICE53WHATASTHEAUTHORSFIRSTREACTIONWHENHESAWAPONYROLLONITSBACKAHEFREEDITFROMTHETRAPBHECALLEDAPROTECTIONOFFICERCHEWORRIEDABOUTITVERYMUCHDHETHOUGHTOFITASBEINGNAUGHTY54WHATDOESTHEAUTHORIMPLYABOUTTHEPRESERVATIONOFDARTMOORSPONIESAITLACKSPEOPLESINVOLVEMENTBITCOSTSALARGEAMOUNTOFMONEYCITWILLAFFECTTOURISMINDARTMOORDITHASCAUSEDANIMBALANCEOFSPECIES【答案】51C52B53D54B52B细节理解题。根据第四段内容“THEPURPOSEOFAPONYDRIFTISTOSOMEOFTHEMAREALSO,INORDERTOLIMITTHENUMBEROFPONIES”可知马驹迁移目的之一是为了控制马驹的数量。故选B项。53D细节理解题。根据第五段中的“,ASSUMINGHEWASJUSTROLLINGFORFUN,”可知作者认为小马驹很淘气，滚着玩的。故选D项。54B推理判断题。根据最后一段中尾句“MANYPEOPLEAREWORKINGHARDTOPRESERVETHESEPONIES,ANDTRYINGTOCOMEUPWITHPLANSTOFINDASUSTAINABLE可持续的FUTUREFORONEOFDARTMOORSMOSTFINANCIALLYTROUBLEDELEMENTS”可知保护马驹是对DARTMOOR来说是一笔很大的开销。故选B项。考点夹叙夹议文阅读BWHATTHERESALOEISDOINGPROVESTHATALARGEFARMISNTPREREQUISITEFORAMODERNGROWYOUROWNLIFESTYLEONAMERE1/10OFANACREINLOSANGELES,LOEANDHERFAMILYGROW,CAN（装罐）ANDPRESERVEMUCHOFTHEFOODTHEYCONSUMELOEISAMASTERFOODPRESERVER,GARDENERANDCANNINGEXPERTSHEALSOOPERATESAWEBSITE,WHERESHESHARESHERTIPSANDRECIPES,WITHTHEGOALOFDEMONSTRATINGTHATEVERYHASTHEABILITYTOCONTROLWHATSONTHEIRPLATELOEINITIALLYWENTTOSCHOOLTOBECOMEANENGINEER,BUTSHEQUICKLYLEARNEDTHATHERENTHUSIASMWASMAINLYABOUTGROWINGANDPREPARINGHEROWNFOOD“IGOTINTOCOOKINGMYOWNFOODANDSTARTEDGROWINGMYOWNHERBS香草ANDFOODSFORTHATFRESHFLAVOR,”SHESAIDENGINEERBYDAY,LOELEARNEDCOOKINGATNIGHTSCHOOLSHEULTIMATELYPURCHASEDASMALLPIECEOFLANDWITHHERHUSBANDANDBEGANGROWINGTHEIROWNFOODS“ITEACHPEOPLEHOWTOLIVEFARMFRESHWITHOUTAFARM,”LOESAIDTHROUGHHERWEBSITELOEEMPHASIZESTHAT“ANYBODYCANDOTHISANYWHERE”GOTANAPARTMENTWITHABALCONY（阳台）PLANTSOMEHERBSAWINDOWPERFECTSPOTFORGROWINGSTARTWITHHERBS,SHERECOMMENDS,BECAUSE“THEYREVERYFORGIVING”JUSTALITTLEOFTHEHERBS“CANTAKEYOURREGULARCOOKINGTOAWHOLENEWLEVEL,”SHEADDED“ITHINKITSAGREATPLACETOSTART”“THENTRYGROWINGSOMETHINGFROMASEED,SHESAID,LIKEATOMATOORSOMETEA”CANNINGISANATURALEXTENSIONOFTHEPLANTINGSHEDOESWITHEVERYPLANTEDFOODLOENOTED,THERESAMOMENTWHENITSBURSTINGWITHITSABSOLUTEPEAKFLAVOR“ITRYANDKEEPITINATIMECAPSULEINACANNINGJAR,”LOESAID“CANNINGFORMEISABOUTKNOWINGWHATSINYOURFOOD,KNOWINGWHEREITCOMESFROM”INADDITIONTOBEINGMOREINTOUCHWITHTHEFOODSHESEATING,ANOTHERJOYCOMESFROMPASSINGTHISKNOWLEDGEANDTHISDESIREFORGOODFOODTOHERCHILDREN“INFLUENCINGTHEMANDTELLINGTHEMYOUROPINIONONNOTONLYBEINGCAREFULWHATWEEATBUTUNDERSTANDINGTHEBIGGERPICTURE,”SHESAID,“THATIFWEDONTTAKECAREOFTHEEARTH,NOWILL”55THEUNDERLINEDWORD“PREREQUISITE”PARE1ISCLOSESTINMEANINGTO“_”ARECIPEBSUBSTITUTECREQUIREMENTDCHALLENGE56WHYDOESLOESUGGESTSTARTINGWITHHERBSATHEYAREUSEDDAILYBTHEYAREEASYTOGROWCTHEYCANGROWVERYTALLDTHEYCANBEEATENUNCOOKED57ACCORDINGTOLOE,WHATISTHEBENEFITOFCANNINGHERPLANTEDFOODSAITCANPRESERVETHEIRBESTFLAVORBITCANPROMOTEHERONLINESALESCITCANBETTERHERCOOKINGSKILLSDITCANIMPROVETHEIRNUTRITION58WHATISTHE“THEBIGGERPICTURE”PARA6THATLOEWISHESHERCHILDRENTOUNDERSTANDATHEKNOWLEDGEABOUTGOODFOODBTHEWAYTOLIVEAGROWOUROWNLIFECTHEJOYOFGETTINGINTOUCHWITHFOODSDTHERESPONSIBILITYTOPROTECTOUREARTH【答案】55C56B57A58D55C词义猜测题。根据首段第二句“ONAMERE1/10OFANACREANDPRESERVEMUCHOFTHEFOODTHEYCONSUME”可知面积并不是硬要求。该句句意为LOE在那里所做的一切证明，一个大农场对“自己种植”现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。故选C项。56B细节理解题。根据第四段中“STARTWITHHERBSJUSTALITTLEOFTHEHERBS”可知香草很容易生长。故选B项。57A细节理解题。根据第五段中“THEREISAMOMENTWHENITSBURSTINGWITHITSABSOLUTEPEAKFLAVORITRYTOKEEPITINATIMECAPSULEINACANNINGJAR,”可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选A项。考点记叙文阅读CHILVERSUMISAMEDIUMSIZEDCITYBETWEENTHEMAJORCITIESOFAMSTERDAMANDUTRECHTINTHEGOOIAREAOFNORTHHOLLAND,THENETHERLANDSUNLIKEMOSTOFTHENETHERLANDS,HILVERSUMISACTUALLYINAHILLYAREAWITHTHESOILMOSTLYCONSISTINGOFSANDONCECALLEDTHEGARDENOFAMSTERDAM,ITSTILLATTRACTSTRAVELERSTOCOMEOVERTOCYCLEANDWALKTHROUGHTHESURROUNDINGFORESTSTHEYVISITITFORARELAXINGDAYOFFFROMTHEURBANMADNESSFORDUTCHPEOPLE,HILVERSUMISALLABOUTTEXTILE纺织ANDMEDIAINDUSTRIES,ANDMODERNARCHITECTUREINHISTORY,HILVERSUMWASLARGELYANAGRICULTURALAREADAILYLIFEWASMARKEDBYFARMING,SHEEPRAISINGANDWOOLPRODUCTIONARAILWAYLINKTOAMSTERDAMIN1874ATTRACTEDRICHTRADERSFROMAMSTERDAMTOHILVERSUMTHEYBUILDTHEMSELVESLARGEVILLAS别墅INTHEWOODEDSURROUNDINGSOFTHETOWNONEOFTHEFAMILIESMOVINGINWASTHEBRENNINKMEIJERS,CURRENTLYTHEWEALTHIESTFAMILYOFTHENETHERLANDSTHEYMOVEDINAFTERBIGSUCCESSINTHETEXTILEINDUSTRYANDAIDEDASUBSTANTIALTEXTILEINDUSTRYINHILVERSUMBUTTHETEXTILEBOOMLASTEDONLYSEVERALDECADESTHELASTFACTORYCLOSEDINTHE1960STHECHANGETOAMEDIAECONOMYSTARTEDIN1920,WHENTHENEDERLANDSESEINTOESTEDLLENFABRIEKNSFESTABLISHEDARADIOFACTORYINHIVERSUMMOSTRADIOSTATIONSCALLEDINTHELARGEVILLASINTHELEAFYAREASOFTHETOWNTELEVISIONGAVEANOTHERPUSHTOTHELOCALECONOMYHILVERSUMBECAMETHEMEDIACAPITALOFTHENETHERLANDS,ANDDUTCHTELEVISONSTARSMOVEDINTOTHELEAFYNEIGHBORHOODSSURROUNDINGTHETOWNINTHEEARLY1900S,MODERNARCHITCTSWMDUDOKANDJDUIKERPLACEDHUNDREDSOFREMARKABLEBUILDINGSINHILVERSUMTHESEMODERNARCHITECTURALMASTERPIECES杰作ARESOMANYTHATHILVERSUMALMOSTFEELSLIKEANOPENAIRMUSEUMDUDOKALONESHAPEDMOST20THCENTURYHILVERSUMANDAPPROXIMATELY75BUILDINGSIN19281931ITHASWIDEINTERNATIONALFAMEANDISINCLUDEDINMANYARCHITECTURETEXTBOOKSTHEBUILDINGHASAREMARKABLESHAPEANDLOOKSLIKEACOMBINATIONOF“BLOCKS”ACTUALLY,ONEMAYSTARTHISJOURNEYOFMODERNARCHITECTUREBYWALKINGORBIKINGTHEWMDUDOKARCHITECTURALROUTEINHILVERSUM59HILVERSUMISDIFFERENTFROMMOSTOFTHENETHERLANDSINTHAT_AITHASALARGEPOPULATIONBITISCUTOFFFROMBIGCITIESCITHASMANYBEAUTIFULGARDENSDITISINAHILLYAREAWITHSANDYSOIL60WHATWASTHEGREATESTCONTRIBUTIONOFTHEBRENNINKMEIJERSTOHILVERSUMABUILDINGARAILWAYLINKTOAMSTERDAMBHELPINGITSTEXTILEINDUSTRYTODEVELOPCCONSTRUCTINGLARGEVILLASFORTHEPOORDASSISTINGITSAGRICULTURALINDUSTRY61THEBEGINNINGOFTHEMEDIAINDUSTRYINHILVERSUMWASMARKEDBYTHEESTABLISHMENTOF_AARADIOFACTORYBTHEMEDIALCAPITALCARADIOSTATIONDATVSTATION62WHATISKNOWNABOUTWMDUDOKSHILVERSUMTOWNHALLAITCONSISTSOFAPPROXIMATELY75BUILDINGSBITLOOKSLIKEANOPENAIRMUSEUMINTHECITYCITISACLASSICEXAMPLEINARCHITECTURETEXTBOOKSDITHASSHAPEDMOSTOF20THCENTURYHILVESUM【答案】59D60B61A62C考点说明文阅读DTHEODDNESSOFLIFEINSPACENEVERQUITEGOESAWAYHEREARESOMEEXAMPLESFIRSTCONSIDERSOMETHINGASSIMPLEASSLEEPITSPOSITIONPRESENTSITSOWNCHALLENGESTHEMAINQUESTIONISWHETHERYOUWANTYOURARMSINSIDEOROUTSIDETHESLEEPINGBAGIFYOULEAVEYOURARMSOUT,THEYFLOATFREEINZEROGRAVITY,OFTENGIVINGASLEEPINGASTRONAUTTHELOOKOFAFUNNYBALLED（芭蕾）DANCER“IMANINSIDEGUY,”MIKEHOPKINSSAYS,WHORETURNEDFROMASIXMONTHTOURONTHEINTERNATIONALSPACESTATION“ILIKETOBEWRAPPEDUP”ONTHESTATION,THEORDINARYBECOMESSTRANGETHEEXERCISEBIKEFORTHEAMERICANASTRONAUTSHASNOHANDLEBARSITALSOHASNOSEATWITHNOGRAVITY,ITSJUSTASEASYTOPEDALVIOLENTLYYOUCANWATCHAMOVIEWHILEYOUPEDALBYFLOATINGAMICROCOMPUTERANYWHEREYOUWANTBUTSTATIONRESIDENTSHAVETOBECAREFULABOUTSTAYINGINONEPLACETOOLONGWITHOUTGRAVITYTOHELPCIRCULATEAIR,THECARBONDIOXIDEYOUEXHALE呼气HASATENDENCYTOFORMANINVISIBLE（隐形的）CLOUDAROUNDYOUHEADYOUCANENDUPWITHWHATASTRONAUTSCALLACARBONDIOXIDEHEADACHELEROYCHIAO,54,ANAMERICANRETIREDASTRONAUTAFTERFOURFLIGHTS,DESCRIBESWHATHAPPENSEVENBEFOREYOUFLOATOUTOFYOURSEAT,”YOURINNEREARTHINKSYOURREFALLINGMEANWHILEYOUREYESARETELLINGYOUYOURESTANDINGSTRAIGHTTHATCANBEANNOYINGTHATSWHYSOMEPEOPLEFEELSICK”WITHINACOUPLEDAYSTRULYTERRIBLEDAYSFORSOMEASTRONAUTSBRAINSLEARNTOIGNORETHEPANICKYSIGNALSFROMTHEINNEREAR,ANDSPACESICKNESSDISAPPEARSSPACETRAVELCANBESODELIGHTFULBUTATTHESAMETIMEINVISIBLYDANGEROUSFORINSTANCE,ASTRONAUTSLOSEBONEMASSTHATSWHYEXERCISEISCONSIDEREDSOVITALTHATNATIONALAERONAUTICSANDSPACEADMINISTRATIONNASAPUTSITRIGHTONTHEWORKDAYSCHEDULETHEFOCUSONFITNESSISASMUCHABOUTSCIENCEANDTHEFUTUREASITISABOUTKEEPINGANYINDIVIDUALASTRONAUTSRETURNHOME,AND,MOREIMPORTANTLY,HOWTOMAINTAINSTRENGTHANDFITNESSFORTHETWOANDAHALFYEARSORMORETHATITWOULDTAKETOMAKEAROUNDTRIPTOMARS63WHATISTHEMAJORCHALLENGETOASTRONAUTSWHENTHEYSLEEPINSPACEADECIDINGONAPROPERSLEEPPOSITIONBCHOOSINGACOMFORTABLESLEEPINGBAGCSEEKINGAWAYTOFALLASLEEPQUICKLYDFINDINGARIGHTTIMETOGOTOSLEEP64THEASTRONAUTSWILLSUFFERFROMACARBONDIOXIDEHEADACHEWHEN_ATHEYCIRCLEAROUNDONTHEIRBIKESBTHEYUSEMICROCOMPUTERSWITHOUTASTOPCTHEYEXERCISEINONEPLACEFORALONGTIMEDTHEYWATCHAMOVIEWHILEPEDALING65SOMEASTRONAUTSFEELSICKONTHESTATIONDURINGTHEFIRSTFEWDAYSBECAUSE_ATHEIRSENSESSTOPWORKINGBTHEYHAVETOSTANDUPSTRAIGHTCTHEYFLOATOUTOFTHEIRSEATSUNEXPECTEDLYDWHETHERTHEYAREABLETOGOBACKTOTHESTATION66ONEOFTHENASASMAJORCONCERNSABOUTASTRONAUTSIS_AHOWMUCHEXERCISETHEYDOONTHESTATIONBHOWTHEYCANREMAINHEALTHYFORLONGINSPACECWHETHERTHEYCANRECOVERAFTERRETURNINGHOMEDWHETHERTHEYAREABLETOGOBACKTOTHESTATION【答案】63A64C65D66B【解析】试题分析这是一篇说明文。本文通过举例说明了太空生活的奇妙在太空睡觉时，对宇航员来说主要的挑战在于恰当的睡眠姿势；宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛；宇航员的大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。最后告诉我们美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心是宇航员回家后的修养期和如何在太空长久地保持健康。63A细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句“FIRSTCONSIDERSOMETHINGASSIMPLEASSLEEPITSPOSITIONPRESENTSITSOWNCHALLENGES”可知在太空睡觉时，对宇航员来说主要的挑战在于恰当的睡眠姿势。故选A项。64C细节理解题。根据第三段中“BUTSTATIONRESIDENTSHAVETOBECAREFULABOUTSTAYINGINONEPLACETOOLONGYOUCANENDUPWITHWHATASTRONAUTSCALLACARBONDIOXIDEHEADACHE”可知宇航员在一个地方运动久了会出现碳毒性头痛。故选C项。65D细节理解题。根据第四段中“YOURINNEREARTHINKSYOUREFAILINGMEANWHILEYOUREYESARETELLINGYOUYOURESTANDINGSTRAIGHTTHATCANBEANNOYINGTHATSWHYSOMEPEOPLEFEELSICK”可知宇航员在大脑接收到矛盾的信息时会感到恶心。故选D项。66B细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第一、二句“THEFOCUSONFITNESSISASMUCHABOUTSCIENCEANDTHEFUTUREASISABOUTKEEPINGANYINDIVIDUALASTRONAUTHEALTHYNASAISWORRIEDABOUTTWOTHINGSAND,MOREIMPORTANTLY,HOWMAINTAINSTRENGTHANDFITNESS”可知美国国家宇航局对宇航员主要的担心之一是如何在太空长久地保持健康。故选B项。考点说明文阅读ESCIENCEHASALOTOFUSESITCANUNCOVERLAWSOFNATURE,CUREDISESEASES,MAKEBOMBS,ANDHELPBRIDGESTOSTANDUPINDEEDSCIENCEISSOGOODATWHATITDOESTHATTHERESALWAYSATEMPTATION诱惑TODRAGITINTOPROBLEMSWHEREITMAYNOTBEHELPFULDAVIDBROOKS,AUTHOROFTHESOCIALANIMALTHEHIDDENSOURCESOFLOVE,CHARACTER,ANDACHIEVEMENT,APPEARSTOBETHELATESTINALONGLINEOFWRITERSWHOHAVEFAILEDTORESISTTHETEMPTATIONBROOKSGAINEDFAMEFORSEVERALBOOKSHISLATESTBOOKTHESOCIALANIMAL,HOWEVER,ISMOREAMBITIOUSANDSERIOUSTHANHISEARLIERBOOKSITISANATTEMPTTODEALWITHASETOFWEIGHTYTOPICSTHEBOOKFOCUSESONBIGQUESTIONSWHATHASSCIENCEREVEALEDABOUTHUMANNATUREWHATARETHESOURCESOFCHARACTERANDWHYARESOMEPEOPLEHAPPYANDSUCCESSFULWHILEOTHERSARENTTOANSWERTHESEQUESTIONS,BROOKSSURVEYSAWIDERANGEOFDISCIPLINES（学科）CONSIDERINGTHIS,YOUMIGHTEXPECTTHEBOOKTOBEADRYRECITATIONOFFACTSBUTBROOKSHASSTRUCTUREDHISBOOKINANUNORTHODOX非常规的,ANDPERHAPSUNFORTUNATE,WAYINSTEADOFINTRODUCIINGSCIENTIFICTHEORIES,HETELLSASTORY,WITHINWHICHHETRIESTOMAKEHISPOINTS,PERHAPSINORDERTOKEEPTHEREADERSATTENTIONSOASHAROLDANDERICA,THEHEROANDHEROINEINHISSTORY,LIVETHROUGHCHILDHOOD,WEHEARABOUTTHESCIENCEOFCHILDDEVELOPMENTANDASTHEYBEGINTODATEWEHEAR