高压变电站电气一次系统毕业设计外文翻译

毕业设计（论文）外文翻译设计论文题目高压变电站电气一次系统设计专业与班级学生姓名指导教师1一般要求的变电站建设变电站所在电源系统的工业企业是一个至关重要的因素。他们接收,转换和发送电能。根据能源和需求,变电站分为中央配电变电站电压为110500KV；主要降压变电所电压为110220/61035KV；深入口变电站为110330/610KV；二次变电站的电压为610KV；车间变电所电压为610/038066KV。在主要的降压变电所,电源能量转化电压为110220KV，通常使用610KV有时为35KV变电所的电压分配给企业和被用来满足高压服务。中央配电变电站从电力系统接收能量并分发它不包括或者包括部分变换给企业不同区域，通过空中电缆和地下电缆线路电压为110220KV。中央分配变电站站不同于主配电变电它是一个更强大的电力设施,它的电压大部分在110220KV的电压。它可以简化初级电压、中级电压或地区的开关电路。中低级别变电站改造能量来自610KV的电压,它的二次侧电压为380/220或660/380。升压变压G3132变电站用于G4570电G2390G1147G10995的能量转化使发电G7438G1147G10995的电压升高,从G13792有G6940地G1955G4581在G17840G17329G12175G17767电能量的G6451G3845转换G3132变电站的G11458的是为G1114G4570G11464G8981转换G6116G1144G8981有时G11468G2465和转换G6116能量时改变G20069G10587。转换G3132变电站的能量转换是用G2334G4560G1319G6984G8981G3132来变G20069的。G5114G2334G4560G1319G6984G8981G3132的转化G3132变电站是G7380G13475G8994的。610KV的配电变电站主要G1393据主配电变电站有时G1393据中央配电变电站。110220KV变电站系统区域的G2022分时，根据变电站设G3803G2163能G2022分时是有G4410G19394的，610KV的变电站设G3803G2022分在变电站的入口。根据变电站变的G1313G13634，电站设G3803在可以G19718G3837或G4472G1881。610KV变电站的在电缆的G12879G3423主要是G1391给G17767G1998线。在35220KV变电站空中线路G7691G5347,在变电站G7562线和接线,主要G8892重G1391电G10995G1147的可G19764和G13475G8994。用工业的G7053G5347G5326设变电站，是使用大量的G6980G3371和在电G8680工G12255G13464G13467和工G2390电G8680工G12255G12573G15904业的车间的G1313G13634G17839G15904G13464G16025。变电站通常是G999为不G17842G13505G6817G1328的G17143G1231G1166G2604所设G16757,G1306用的是G3534G7424的自G2172设G3803和G1461G2507G16025G13634。G5415G5326G12447变电站G13479G7512的一部分,G5224G5415G18331用G15192G3423G5326造G13479G7512以G2462G11013G5379G8585G13464G6116的G13464G1226G7507G7460、地G7507G12573。G17837G1135G1815G1226是G20056G1820G4445G16025区G3818G19766G5326造区域并G1000G2494是在G17837个G1313G13634G13464G16025。G17837G7691可以有G6940的G2078G1955变电所G5326造G6116G7424。变电站G3534G7424电路G8022G5577设G16757的G17885G6333,是根据企业的G1391电系统G10317G9869G5483G2052的。变电站电压G10317G5627主要入口，变压G3132和G17767G1998电缆线路G4560线或G5415G2081G4560G1319的二次电压变电站G4445G16025的设G3803和G1815G1226，设G3803和G1815G1226的G14521G5190G12193可能的G13464G2524是G19762常G3921的。G5415G19428G17860G1114变电站的电路时G1117取切换G16025G13634G7380大的简化和G6980G11458的G7380小化。G17837G7691的变电站更可G19764、G13475G8994。电路简化是G18331用自G2172接入或自G2172转入储G3803的G7053法,允许快速和无错误的自G2172接入每一个G1815G1226和使用设G3803。2G5415设G16757工业企业全电压变电站时,下G19766的G3534G7424因素都要考虑在G1881。1优G1820使用G18331用两编G13464的单总线系统可以确保可G19764的和G13475G8994的G1391G5224电力。2配套G5326设和变电站广泛使用。3变电站使用自G2172化并G1000支持遥测技术如果变电站的设G16757并不支持使用自G2172化或遥测、线路G4445G13792G1000不允许添加设G3803，确保以后没有过度投资和返工。4使用简单、便宜的G16025G13634，有绝缘G16025G13634的断路G3132、短路开关、过载保护隔G12175G3132、保险丝,G20056期G2052他们的G1144换容量可考虑大幅度G2078G1955昂贵的G3132G1226需要和临界油、真空、螺线管和空G8680开关电路使用。变电站和开关电路,G18331用G17837G7691的设G3803的每个G10995G1147线服从个G1319变压G3132、G16025配、允许他们同时的断开G13792不破坏断开G17842接的G10995G1147G8981G12255的G7438制的线条。变电站的线路的意义,G7380重要的一G9869是要妥善G4445排与G17885G6333转换G3132G1226开关、隔G12175者、电G8981限制G3132G12573、避雷G3132、高低压熔断G3132,G17837决定G1114变电站的G11458的、G2163能和意义。很多年以G2081，科G4410家们对电仍G2494有很模糊的G8022G5577。他们之中不G4581G1166认为电是一G12193“G8981G1319”，G17837G12193G8981G1319就像水G8981G13475管道一G7691G8981过G4560线。G1306他们并不G1114解是什么东西使电G8981G2172。他们之中的许多G1166觉G5483电是有某G12193极小的微粒G7512G6116的，G1306试图把电分G12175G6116单个的小颗粒他们却束手无策。此后，以为伟大的美国科G4410家密利坎于1909年，真正地G12228G1998G1114单个的电粒G4388的重量并G12651G1998它的电G14667G13792使科G4410界G19675G5790不G5062。G17837可能是G1166G12879G1582过的G7380G13466G14280的G16757量工G1328之一，因为一个单个的电粒G4388的重量G1177为一G11929的G11346G987分之一，G11346G987分之一的一G2334G5050G2503的重量。要G2524G6116一G11929重需要的电粒G4388G6980G4570要G8616大西G8927的全部水的水G9416G6980G17836要多。G17837G1135电粒G4388，他们对G6117们并不G19488G10995，因为G6117们G11705道他们就是电G4388。G5415大量电G4388G6682G14085G2419G4388G17317G1998来并通过G4560线G17828G2172时，G6117们把G17837G12193G10628G16949G16840G6116是电通过G4560线“G8981G2172”。是的，G7101G1820的科G4410家所G16840的电的“G8981G1319”G2494不过是G8851G11540G4560线G8981G2172的电G4388。G18039么，如G1321能使一G1135单个的电G4388G6682G14085G2419G4388的束G13550G13792G17317G1998来G2614G731G13792G1000，G2460G5602G7691能使G17837G1135自G11013电G4388G8851G4560线G17828G2172G2614G731G12544一个G19394G20076的G12584G7708就在于G2419G4388G7424G17535的G13479G7512G990。某G1135G2419G4388的G13479G7512使他们很容G7143G3845G2447电G4388。G1375如，一个G19120G2419G4388在正常G5785G1929下有29个电G4388，它们排G2027在G7692G4388G2620G3272的4个不同的G17724道G990。G7380G18336G4630的G17724道G990有2个电G4388。G12544二G4630G17751大的G17724道G990有8个电G4388。G12544G989G4630G17724道G990G6392满18个电G4388。G13792G3818G4630G17724道G990G2494有一个电G4388。正是G17837个G3818G4630电G4388，G19120G2419G4388不断G1014G6493它，因为G17837个电G4388G2475G2419G4388的G13434束不G18039么G13051。它G5585G13792G9228G12175G13792G2447，并被G2490一G9228G12175的电G4388所G7379G1207，G9994后，G17837后一个电G4388G1075G9228G12175G13792G2447。G13479果，在G19120G4560线中自G11013电G4388在G19120G2419G4388之间G2533G3247G19766G1855G7053G9430G9026。所以，G4625管对G13323们的G7234通的G13917G11536来G16840，G19120G4560线G11487来是G4448全不G2172的，G1306在它G1881部却不断地G17839G15904G11540大量的G8975G2172。如果G4560线把电G17767送G2052一G11427电G9795或者G2490G3818某个电G8680设G3803G18039G18336，G17837G1135电G4388就不G1262G7446G1093无G12468地G2052G3800G17317来G17317G2447，G13792是它们中的许多电G4388G4570G1262G2533一个G7053G2533G3880G2447从G4560线的一G12483G3880G2533G2490一G12483。G17837就把G6117们G5353G2533G12544二个G19394G20076，如G1321G6177能使自G11013电G4388G8851G4560线G17828G2172G2614G731G3921G2874，G1166们G5062G13475G6226G2052G1972G12193G7053法来G1582G2052G17837一G9869。一G12193就是化G4410G7053法。G1251G10317电G3546，或者G2495电G8756，就是能使电G8981在G4560线中G8981G2172的一G12193化G4410G16025G13634。G2490一G12193G7053法就是电G11925法。法G6301G12544和G1148利发G10628G1114G5602G7691能把G11925G19093用来使电在G4560线中G8981G2172的G2162法。G11925G19093G1972G1058每个G1166都G16277过G20544G17432G5430G11925G19093之所以G17837G7691G2495他是因为他们的G5430G10378G1582G6116G20544G17432G5430的。可能G1332们都用G11925G19093G1582过试G20576，并G1000G11487G2052它是G5602G7691G2572G17227G6365G19037，小G19037G4388或者G1866他一G1135小G19093G1226的。G1166们G1114解G11925G19093G5062G13475G1972G2327年G1114。据G1268G16840，G1972G2327年G2081有个G2529G2495G21626格尼斯的牧羊G1166住在地中海的克G18336G10317岛G990。他有一根牧羊G1166用的G5114G19093头的棍杖。一G3837，他发G10628一G3371奇G5430怪G10378的黑石头黏在G19093头G990。后来，G5415G2460发G10628许多G17837G12193石头时，G1166们就G2495它们为G11925G19093。G17837G1135就是G3837G9994G11925G19093。近年来，G1166们G5062G13475掌握G5602G7691使用G19093来制G6116G11925G19093。尤G1866重要的是，G1166们发G10628G1114如G1321使用G11925G19093推G2172电G4388通过G4560线G1075就是G5602G7691使电G8981G2172。在G6117们讨论G17837G9869之G2081，G11925G19093有某G1135G10317G5627G6117们G5224G5415G1114解。如果把一G3371玻璃放在G20544G17432G5430G11925G19093的G12483部，G9994后把一G1135G19093粉末撒在玻璃G990，G18039么G19093粉自己就G1262排G6116许多线。如果用一根棒G1582的话，就更容G7143G11487G1998G17837G1135G19093粉排G6116的线条G1114。G17837G1135实G20576演示G1114科G4410家们所谓的G11925力线。他们解释G16840。G11925G19093通过G11925G19093两G12483之间延伸G1998来的G11925力线G17227G1328用。G1306是，在电G4388G2620G3272似G1058G1075有G11925力线。把一根G4560线穿过一G3371硬纸G7507，在纸G7507G990撒G990G19093粉，并把电G8756与G4560线G17842通在一G17227，G17837G9869就可以G5483G2052证明。G11013于G17828G2172的电G4388的G11925G5627的G13479果，G19093粉就G1262绕G4560线G2620G3272G5430G6116一G1135圆环。因此，G6117们可以G11487G2052，在G17828G2172者的电G4388和G11925G5627之间有一G12193关系。G11925G5627就是G11013电G4388的G17828G2172G5353G17227的。G5415G9994，电G4388并不是在G11925棒G18336真的“G8981G2172”，G1306它们却是在G17828G2172，在绕G19093G2419G4388G7692G1582旋转G17828G2172。G9994G13792，在G11925G19093中，G2419G4388都排G2027的使它们的电G4388都G2533同一G7053G2533旋转。G1075许可打一个恰G5415的G8616喻，就像许多小孩在他们头顶G990以顺时针G7053G2533甩G2172系在线G990的小球一G7691。变电站综G2524自G2172化技术发展趋势4GENERALREQUIREMENTSTOCONSTRUCTIONOFSUBSTATIONSUBSTATIONSAREAVITALELEMENTINAPOWERSUPPLYSYSTEMOFINDUSTRIALENTERPRISESTHEYSERVETORECEIVE，CONVERTANDDISTRIBUTEELECTRICENERGYDEPENDINGONPOWERANDPURPOSE,THESUBSTATIONSAREDIVIDEDINTOCENTRALDISTRIBUTIONSUBSTATIONSFORAVOLTAGEOF110500KVMAINSTEPDOWNSUBSTATIONSFOR110220/61035KVDEEPENTRANCESUBSTATIONSFOR110330/610KVDISTRIBUTIONSUBSTATIONSFOR610KVSHOPTRANSFORMERSUBSTATIONSFOR610/038066KVATTHEMAINSTEPDOWNSUBSTATIONS,THEENERGYRECEIVEDFROMTHEPOWERSOURCEISTRANSFORMEDFROM110220KVUSUALLYTO610KVSOMETIMES35KVWHICHISDISTRIBUTEDAMONGSUBSTATIONSOFTHEENTERPRISEANDISFEDTOHIGHVOLTAGESERVICESCENTRALDISTRIBUTIONSUBSTATIONSRECEIVEENERGYFROMPOWERSYSTEMSANDDISTRIBUTEITWITHOUTORWITHPARTIALTRANSFORMATIONVIAAERIALANDCABLELINESOFDEEPENTRANCESATAVOLTAGEOF110220KVOVERTHEENTERPRISETERRITORYCENTRALDISTRIBUTIONSUBSTATIONDIFFERSFROMTHEMAINDISTRIBUTIONSUBSTATIONINAHIGHERPOWERANDINTHATBULKOFITSPOWERISATAVOLTAGEOF110220KVITFEATURESSIMPLIFIEDSWITCHINGCIRCUITSATPRIMARYVOLTAGEITISFEDFROMTHEPOWERTOANINDIVIDUALOBJECTORREGIONLOWANDMEDIUMPOWERSHOPSUBSTATIONSTRANSFORMENERGYFROM610KVTOASECONDARYVOLTAGEOF380/220OR660/380STEPUPTRANSFORMERSUBSTATIONSAREUSEDATPOWERPLANTSFORTRANSFORMATIONOFENERGYPRODUCEDBYTHEGENERATORSTOAHIGHERVOLTAGEWHICHDECREASESLOSSESATALONGDISTANCETRANSMISSIONCONVERTERSUBSTATIONSAREINTENDEDTOCONVERTACTODCSOMETIMESVICEVERSAANDTOCONVERTENERGYOFONEFREQUENCYTOANOTHERCONVERTERSUBSTATIONSWITHSEMICONDUCTORRECTIFIERSARECONVERTENERGYOFONEFREQUENCYTOANOTHERCONVERTERSUBSTATIONSWITHSEMICONDUCTORRECTIFIERSAREMOSTECONOMICDISTRIBUTIONSUBSTATIONSFOR610KVAREFEDPRIMARILYFROMMAINDISTRIBUTIONSUBSTATIONSSOMETIMESFROMCENTRALDISTRIBUTIONSUBSTATIONSWITHASYSTEMOFDIVIDINGSUBSTATIONSFOR110220KV,THEFUNCTIONSOFASWITCHGEARAREACCOMPLISHEDBYSWITCHGEARSFOR610KVATDEEPENTRANCESUBSTATIONSDEPENDINGONLOCATIONOFSUBSTATIONSTHEIRSWITCHGEARMAYBEOUTDOORORINDOORTHEFEEDANDOUTPUTLINESAT610KVSUBSTATIONSAREMAINLYOFTHECABLETYPEAT35220KVSUBSTATIONSOFTHEAERIALTYPEWHENERECTINGANDWIRINGTHESUBSTATIONS,MAJORATTENTIONISGIVENTORELIABLEANDECONOMICPOWERSUPPLYOFAGIVENPRODUCTIONSUBSTATIONSAREERECTEDBYINDUSTRIALMETHODSWITHTHEUSEOFLARGEBLOCKSAND5ASSEMBLIESPREPAREDATTHESITESHOPSOFELECTRICENGINEERINGORGANIZATIONSANDFACTORIESOFELECTRICALENGINEERINGINDUSTRYSUBSTATIONSAREUSUALLYDESIGNEDFOROPERATIONWITHOUTCONTINUOUSATTENDANCEOFTHEDUTYPERSONNELBUTWITHTHEUSEOFELEMENTARYAUTOMATICANDSIGNALINGDEVICESWHENCONSTRUCTINGTHESTRUCTURALPARTOFASUBSTATIONITISADVISABLETOUSELIGHTWEIGHTINDUSTRIALSTRUCTURESANDELEMENTSPANELS,FLOORS,ETCMADEOFBENTSECTIONSTHESEELEMENTSAREPREMADEOUTSIDETHEERECTIONZONEANDAREONLYASSEMBLEDATSITETHISCONSIDERABLYCUTSTHETERMSANDCOSTOFCONSTRUCTIONBASICCIRCUITRYCONCEPTSOFSUBSTATIONSARECHOSENWHENDESIGNINGAPOWERSUPPLYSYSTEMOFTHEENTERPRISESUBSTATIONSFEATUREPRIMARYVOLTAGEENTRANCESTRANSFORMERSANDOUTPUTCABLELINESORCURRENTCONDUCTORSOFSECONDARYVOLTAGESUBSTATIONSAREMOUNTEDFROMEQUIPMENTANDELEMENTSDESCRIBEDBELOWTHENUMBEROFPOSSIBLECOMBINATIONSOFEQUIPMENTANDELEMENTSISVERYGREATWHENELABORATINGASUBSTATIONCIRCUITRY,ITISNECESSARYTOSTRIVEFORMAXIMUMSIMPLIFICATIONANDMINIMIZINGTHENUMBEROFSWITCHINGDEVICESSUCHSUBSTATIONSAREMORERELIABLEANDECONOMICCIRCUITRYISSIMPLIFIEDBYUSINGAUTOMATICRECLOSUREORAUTOMATICCHANGEOVERTORESERVEFACILITYWHICHALLOWSRAPIDANDFAULTLESSREDUNDANCYOFINDIVIDUALELEMENTSANDUSINGEQUIPMENTWHENDESIGNINGTRANSFORMERSUBSTATIONSOFINDUSTRIALENTERPRISESFORALLVOLTAGES,THEFOLLOWINGBASICCONSIDERATIONSARETAKENINTOACCOUNT1PREFERABLEEMPLOYMENTOFASINGLEBUSSYSTEMWITHUSINGTWOBUSSYSTEMSONLYTOENSUREARELIABLEANDECONOMICPOWERSUPPLY2WIDEUSEOFUNITIZEDCONSTRUCTIONSANDBUSLESSSUBSTATIONS3SUBSTANTIATEDEMPLOYMENTOFAUTOMATICSANDTELEMETRYIFTHESUBSTATIONDESIGNDOESNOTENVISAGETHEUSEOFAUTOMATICSORTELEMETRY,THECIRCUITRYISSOARRANGEDASTOALLOWFORADDINGSUCHEQUIPMENTINFUTUREWITHOUTEXCESSIVEINVESTMENTSANDREWORK4USEOFSIMPLEANDCHEAPDEVICESISOLATINGSWITCHES,SHORTCIRCUITINGSWITCHES,LOADBREAKINGISOLATORS,FUSES,WITHDUEREGARDFORTHEIRSWITCHINGCAPACITYMAYDRASTICALLYCUTTHENEEDFOREXPENSIVEANDCRITICALOIL,VACUUM,SOLENOIDANDAIRSWITCHESSUBSTATIONANDSWITCHGEARCIRCUITRIESARESOMADETHATUSINGTHEEQUIPMENTOFEACHPRODUCTIONLINEISFEDFROMINDIVIDUALTRANSFORMERS,ASSEMBLIES,THELINESTOALLOWTHEIRDISCONNECTIONSIMULTANEOUSLYWITHMECHANISMSWITHOUTDISRUPTINGOPERATIONOFADJACENTPRODUCTIONFLOWSWHENELABORATINGCIRCUITRYOFASUBSTATION,THEMOSTVITALTASKISTOPROPERLY6CHOOSEANDARRANGESWITCHINGDEVICESSWITCHES,ISOLATORS,CURRENTLIMITERS,ARRESTERS,HIGHVOLTAGEFUSESTHEDECISIONDEPENDSONTHEPURPOSE,POWERANDSIGNIFICANCEOFTHESUBSTATIONMANYYEARSAGO,SCIENTISTSHADVERYVAGUEIDEASABOUTELECTRICITYMANYOFTHEMTHOUGHTOFITASASORTOFFLUIDTHATFLOWEDTHROUGHWIRESASWATERFLOWSTHROUGHPIPES,BUTTHEYCOULDNOTUNDERSTANDWHATMADEITFLOWMANYOFTHEMFELTTHATELECTRICITYWASMADEUPOFTINYPARTICLESOFSOMEKIND,BUTTRYINGTOSEPARATEELECTRICITYINTOINDIVIDUALPARTICLESBAFFLEDTHEMTHEN,THEGREATAMERICANSCIENTISTMILLIKAN,IN1909,ASTOUNDEDTHESCIENTIFICWORLDBYACTUALLYWEIGHINGASINGLEPARTICLEOFELECTRICITYANDCALCULATINGITSELECTRICCHARGETHISWASPROBABLYONEOFTHEMOSTDELICATEWEIGHINGJOBSEVERDONEBYMAN,FORASINGLEELECTRICPARTICLEWEIGHSONLYABOUTHALFOFAMILLIONTHOFAPOUNDTOMAKEUPAPOUNDITWOULDTAKEMOREOFTHOSEPARTICLESTHANTHEREAREDROPSOFWATERINTHEATLANTICOCEANTHEYARENOSTRANGERSTOUS,THESEELECTRICPARTICLES,FORWEKNOWTHEMASELECTRONSWHENLARGENUMBERSOFELECTRONSBREAKAWAYFROMTHEIRATOMSANDMOVETHROUGHAWIRE,WEDESCRIBETHISACTIONBYSAYINGTHATELECTRICITYISFLOWINGTHROUGHTHEWIREYES,THEELECTRICALFLUIDTHATEARLYSCIENTISTSTALKEDABOUTISNOTHINGMORETHANELECTRICALFLOWINGALONGAWIREBUTHOWCANINDIVIDUALELECTRONSBEMADETOBREAKAWAYFROMATOMSANDHOWCANTHESEFREEELECTRONSBEMADETOALONGAWIRETHEANSWERTOTHEFIRSTQUESTIONLIESINTHESTRUCTUREOFTHEATOMSTHEMSELVESSOMEATOMSARESOCONSTRUCTEDTHATTHEYLOSEELECTRONSEASILYANATOMOFCOPPER,FOREXAMPLE,ISCONTINUALLYLOSINGANELECTRON,REGAININGITORANOTHERELECTRON,ANDLOSINGITAGAINACOPPERATOMNORMALLYHAS29ELECTRONS,ARRANGEDINFOURDIFFERENTORBITSABOUTITSNUCLEUSTHEINSIDEORBITHAS2ELECTRONSTHENEXTLARGERORBITHAS8THETHIRDORBITISPACKEDWITH18ELECTRONSANDTHEOUTSIDEORBITHASONLYONEELECTRONITISTHISOUTSIDEELECTRONTHATTHECOPPERATOMISCONTINUALLYLOSING,FORITISNOTVERYCLOSELYTIEDTOTHEATOMITWANDERSOFF,ISREPLACEDBYANOTHERFREEROVINGELECTRON,ANDTHENTHISSECONDELECTRONALSOWANDERSAWAYCONSEQUENTLY,INACOPPERWIREFREEELECTRONSAREFLOATINGAROUNDINALLDIRECTIONSAMONGTHECOPPERATOMSTHUS,EVENTHROUGHTHECOPPERWIRELOOKSQUITEMOTIONLESSTOYOURORDINARYEYE,THEREISAGREATDEALOFACTIVITYGOINGONINSIDEITIFTHEWIREWERECARRYINGELECTRICITYTOANELECTRICLIGHTORTOSOMEOTHERELECTRICALDEVICE,THEELECTRONS7WOULDNOTBEMOVINGAROUNDATRANDOMINSTEAD,MANYOFTHEMWOULDBERUSHINGINTHESAMEDIRECTIONFROMONEENDOFTHEWIRETOTHEOTHERTHISBRINGSUSTOTHESECONDQUESTIONHOWCANFREEELECTRONSBEMADETOMOVEALONGAWIREWELL,MENHAVEFOUNDSEVERALWAYSTODOTHATONEWAYISCHEMICALVOLTA,SVOLTAICPILE,ORBATTERY,ISACHEMICALDEVICETHATMAKESELECTRICITYORELECTRONSFLOWINWIRESANOTHERWAYISMAGNETICFARADAYANDHENRYDISCOVEREDHOWMAGNETSCOULDBEUSEDTOMAKEELECTRICITYFLOWINAWIREMAGNETSALMOSTEVERYONEHASSEENHORSESHOEMAGNETSSOCALLEDBECAUSETHEYARESHAPEDLIKEHORSESHOESPROBABLYYOUHAVEEXPERIMENTEDWITHAMAGNET,ANDNOTICEDHOWITWILLPICKUPTACKSANDNAILS,OROTHERSMALLIRONOBJECTSMENHAVEKNOWNABOUTMAGNETSFORTHOUSANDSOFYEARSSEVERALTHOUSANDYEARSAGO,ACCORDINGTOLEGEND,ASHEPHERDNAMEDMAGNESLIVEDONTHEISLANDOFCRETE,INT