英语词性变换归纳及练习

1、一、名词变为形容词的方法1. 在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词尤其是一些与天气有关的名词。例如：rain rainy, cloud cloudy,windwindy, snow snowy, health healthy, lucklucky 等。注意：1如果名词以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母，这时应双写词尾的辅音字母再加-y。如：sunsunny, fun funny 等。2少数以不 发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时，应去掉 e再加-y。例如：noise noisy, ice icy等。2. 一些抽象名词在词尾加 -ful 可以变为形容词。 例如： care careful,thank

2、 thankful,help helpful,useuseful, beautybeautiful等。3. 一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加 -ese, -ish或-n构成表示国籍、语言的形容词。例如：China Chinese, JapanJapanese, EnglandEnglish, America American, India Indian, Australia Australian 注 意 CanadaCanadian 。4. 在名词后加 -ous 变为形容词。例如： dangerdangerous 等。5. 在名词后加 -ly 变为形容词。例如： friend friendly,

3、 love lovely 等。6. 在名词后加 -less 构成含有否认意义的形容词。 例如： care careless 粗心的 ， useuseless 无用的 ， hopehopeless 没希望的，home homeless无家可归的 等。7. 一些以 -ence 结尾的名词，把 ence 改为 ent 变成形容词。例如： difference different, silence silent 等。二、动词变为名词的方法1. 词形不变，词性改变。例如： work, study, water, plant 等可以用作动词，也可以用作名词。2. 一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成

4、了表示“某一类人的名词。例如： work worker,teach teacher, sing singer, jump jumper, play player, learn learner, visitvisitor,invent inventor 等。注意： 1 以不发音的 e 结尾的动词，在词尾加 -r 。例如： drive driver, writewriter 等。2以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-er。例如：run runner, win winner ， begin beginner 等。3. 在动词词尾加 -ing 变成名词 方法与动

5、词变为现在分词的方法相同 。例如：meetmeeting,build building, wait waiting, wash washing, swim swimming, shop shopping,begin beginning 等。三、形容词变为副词的方法一般在形容词的词尾加 -ly 可以变成副词。例如： quick quickly, slow slowly, loud loudly, suddensuddenly 等。但是，以下几点值得注意：1. 一些以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词， 要把y改为i再加-ly。例如：happyhappily, angry angrily, lucky lu

6、ckily, heavy heavily, noisy noisily 等。2. 有些以-ble 或-le 结尾的形容词，去掉 e 加-y。例如：possible possibly, terrible terribly 等。3. 少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。例如：true truly 等。但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加 -ly 。例如： polite politely, wide widely 等。4. 以-l结尾的形容词变为副词时仍然要在词尾加-ly，而不是只加-y。除非是以-ll结尾的才在词尾只加-y 。例如： usual usually, careful carefu

7、lly, useful usefully, full fully 等。1. Would you mind making a little less They are having a meeting at the moment.(noisy)2. The Smiths live on the floor of the highrise. (nine)3. All the great are respected(尊敬) by the world. (invent)4. My pet is a cat. She is very lovely. (male)5. I ll do my homewor

8、k more next time. (care)6. Whenyou study a foreign language, it s important to makea good . (begin)7. Everyone knows such kind of books is to children. They shouldn tbe sold at any bookstore. (harm)8. In the past punishment (惩罚) was decided by the university.The student had no but to accept it. (cho

9、ose)9. Our teacher told us the story I had ever heard at yesterday s classmeeting. (sad)10. The Lesson is very difficult but very important. You must learn itby heart.(twelve)11. They looked very in the idea. (interest)12. After they got on the bus, they found two . (sit)13. Help to the fish, everyo

10、ne. (you)14. What we have had is just part of the truth. We should try to get information about it. (far)15. A sight stopped them from going forward. (frighten)16. He seemed very . He got a D in the English test. (happy)17. Before you start this work, you should try to realize its . (important)18. M

11、arch 8 is Day. (woman)19. This book belongs to you. Where is (me)20. The visitors are students. (main)21. Do you know about the _ of the book (write)22. Can you show me your _ of coins (collect)23. To my , I got full marks for maths last week. (surprised)24. In this new housing estate there stand a

12、lot of high and magnificent .(build)25. In winter, most of the rivers and lakes are . It becomes a world ofice. (freeze)26. Then he slowly walked the house. (pass)27. Do you know who is the of the English contest (win)28. Peter is very . I m sure he will come to takecare of your baby when he s asked

13、 to. (help)29. The Yangtze River is the longest river in the world. (three)30. to meet all of you here. (please)31. Now more and more gardens are being built in our . (neighbour)32. It s very important for us to learn English . (good)33. Both our teacher and my mother are satisfied with my . (honest

14、)34. Oliver Twist ate the cake . (hungry)35. Of all the boys, Li Ming studies . (hard)36. We are all pleased to hear that the went on very well. ( operate)37. The children in this kindergarten have been trained to take care of though they are only six years old. (they)38. Could you tell mewho will g

15、ive us a on children s education (speak)39. These modern machines work. (automatic)40. This cartoon film is than the one I saw last Saturday. (fun)41. Will you please tell me how much the is (post)42. The twin sisters used to be in Hollywood. (act)43. Actions speak more than words. (loud)44. I am ab

16、out my schoolwork because I havent worked hard this term. (worry)45. Your pet dog is so that all of us like to play with it. (love)46. It has been snowing _ for a whole day. (heavy)47. We have been told the of the case. (true)48. Have you made your yet (decide)49. People from Italy are called . (Ita

17、ly)50. I where he comes from. (wonderful)51. The weather in April is , so you d better take more clothes with you.(change)52. Ferries come and go on the river as as boats. (quick)53. Listen, everybody, we will meet at the of the cinema at 4 pm. (enter)54. You cannot eat so much fast food, because it

18、 is . (health)55. It is reported that three have been put into prison. (Canada)56. Time flies and never returns. (swift)57. We saw her running the street just now. (cross)58. Do English people shake hands as often as (Germany)59. We all know that there s no thing on the moon. (live)60. In order to m

19、ake the trip for his children, Mr. Green kept the nameof the destination (目的地 ) a secret. (excite)61. A team from China will arrive in America next week. (medicine)62. This morning I lost my handbag and this afternoon I fell off my bike and brokemy leg. I think it is an day. (luck)63. Many students

20、are not able to pay their college . (expensive)64. British people eat a large number of . (potato)65. She seems an girl. (honesty)66. We tried all sorts of , but they were all useless. (medical)67. The digital (数码 ) camera is one of the of the modern science.(wonderfully)68. I wouldn t do business w

21、ith such a man. (fool)69. Carl looks much than before. (health)70. I was to meet Jane in a foreign country. (surprise)71. The mother was to the brave man who had saved her son. (thank)72. I happened to meet a group of on my way home yesterday. (France)73. The little boy can run a marathon in than th

22、ree hours. (little)74. I was told that my class teacher s daughter would leave school thisJuly. (second)75. It s a to have a picnic with all the family members. (please)76. The lost calculator has been returned to its . (own)77. Be sure to let me know whenever you are in . ( dangerous)78. The comple

23、tion ( 完成 ) of the big bridge made every one of us and happy.(exciting)79. The _ is not so good as we expected. (perform)80. What a day it is today! Shall we go to have a picnic in the countryside(sun)81. The tall is one of my father s best friends. (art)82. Have you decided to take the headmaster s

24、 (advise)83. Even , he lost his job. (bad)84. Please answer the questions. (follow)85. Many people became after the fire. (home)86. Theof the restaurant is quite good. (serve)87. speaking, the computer has become an important part of our life.(general)88. I thought the was quite dull at yesterday s party. (recite)89. The of the river is still a secret. (long)90. No one knew why the baby kept. (cry)91. Life today is becoming harder and busier, so everyone should have his own wayof . (relax)92. In to hard work, we need some good