如何寻找线索解完形填空解读

1、如何寻找线索解完形填空新题型中，完形填空这种考察学生阅读理解及语言应用能力的基本题型在保留以往的完 全客观题的基础上，增加了半客观题（语言结构，其与完形填空有异曲同工之处），重要性更加突出了 如何帮助学生掌握完形填空题的解题方法也显得尤为重要了.笔者以为解完形填空题（以完全客观题为例）,有线索可寻特在此献上几点拙见，望对同学们有一定的帮助完形天空所涉及的是一系列与上下文相联系的空白，而不是孤立的空白”完形填空题的创始人威尔逊泰勒如是说。可见，我们首先应该忽略空白处，快速通读全文.要从整体上理解全文，又可以采取以下 两步：第一步，以句子为线索来判断文章体裁.篇章一（共两段）:第一段 Last S

2、un day I saw the worst storm in years.（首句，过去时，叙事） I ran out to get the notes，big drops of rain began to_ .（末句，过去时，叙事）第二段 As soon as I ran back into the house, the_began to pour in waves.（首句，过去时,叙事）However, we were_ that no one was hurt.（末句,过去时，叙事）提醒我们这篇文章（共两段）是记叙文.你需要的是按照故事发生发展的过程，顺着故事写作的口吻来读.篇章二（共两

3、段）:第一段 Can animals be made to work for us human beings?（首句）这一问句与紧随其后的Some scientists think that;告诉我们实际上这一问题也是本文要探讨的中心.那么这是一篇议论文或者介绍科学家研究成果的说明文.关键词是：animals ,work for,huma n bein gs, scie ntists think.第二段 Of course,_we know, dogs can be used to_ a house, and soldiershaveused geese to give warning by首

4、句）（这句以 soldiers 训练 dogs 为例证实了我们的判断.第二步，依文章体裁来分析全文的基本结构和表达层次，从而快速弄清文章的主要意思 .篇章一：读记叙文，请留意时间线索，哪怕是 later after that 或 When I got there, however, I. 这样不是很明显的时间词也应注意.经分析得知本文是以第一人称叙述的故事.篇章二:第一段 They 43 out that at a circus, for example, we may see elephants, mon keys, dogs andother animals_ quite skillful

5、 thi ngs.（ 第二句 ）第二段 And it may be_ to train animals to work in factories. In Russia,for example （第二句）由此进一步得知本文是scientists 的研究成果介绍.关键词是 pointed out, for example 等.值得一提的是，有的文章附有标题，有利于我们对文章内容更加明了.如篇章二的标题：What Things Can Animals Do for Us?让我们清晰地知道了文章的内容.也就让解题变得更容易了。其次,在理解了全文梗概的前提下，我们就可以进入做题环节了。在这一环节中，我们

6、可 以依据的线索主要有几种（以篇章二为例）.1.形态变化线索pigeons, 54 are birds with good eyesight, are 55_ used to watch out for faults in55 题.A been B being C keeping D kept补充谓语部分，因此要考虑时态和语态 be being + done 表示进行时被动态，所以选 B2词汇线索43 out 的选项：A spoke B found C said D pointed四个选项均为过去式，均符合文中时态要求 依句意，只有 point 与 out 搭配意为 指出”3. 句法线索54

7、题 A which B that C who D where要求填非限制性定语从句引导词，修饰动物 pigeons,因而选 A4. 上下文线索. one day animals may be 41 to do a number of simple 42 that are now done by human bei ngs. we may see elepha nts，mon keys，dogs and other ani mals 44 quite skillful thin gs.41 A trai ned Basked C forced D found42 A work B thi ng

8、C jobs D actio ns44 A eat B take C make D do根据上下文，这几句说到有那么一天，动物可能会经过训练，来做许多现在由人来完成的 简单的工作.因而，41 选 A42 其后的定语从句谓语动词是复数形式，先行词也应为复数.因此选 C44 做事情” do 与 things 相搭配，选 D.另外，在有些完形填空题中会出现社会文化线索如:The train was late，so we killed time by playing cards.（火车晚点了，我们打牌来打发时间。注意这里的kill 不能理解成“杀死”，而应该理解成“消磨（时间）或“打发（时间） ”之意

9、。）其实，除了将这几种线索单独运用到解题过程中外，很多时候我们可以将它们融合起来.这样可以提高解题的准确度.附：篇章二原文What Things Can Animals Do for Us?Can animals be made to work for us human beings? Some scientists think that one day animalsmay be 41 to do a number of simple 42 that are now done by human beings. They 43_ out that at acircus, for example

10、, we may see elephants, monkeys, dogs and other animals 44 quite skillful things.Perhaps you have seen them on 45 television or in a film. If you watch 46 you may notice that thetrainer always gives the animal a lump of sugar 47 a piece of fruit as a reward. The scientists say thatmany different ani

11、mals may be trained to do a number of simple jobs if they know they will 48 a rewardfor doing them.Of course, 49 we know, dogs can be used to 50_a house, and soldiers 51_both old and moderntimes have used geese to give warning by making a lot of noise when an enemy comes 52. And it maybe 53_to train

12、 animals to work in factories. In Russia, for example,pigeons, 54 are birds with good eyesight, are 55 used to watch out for faults in small steel balls thatare being made in one factory. When the pigeon sees a ball which looks different 56 the others, ittouches a steel plate 57its beak. This 58 on

13、light to warn the people in the factory. At the same time afew seeds are 59 to the pigeon to do this and one pigeon can inspect 3,000 to 4,000 balls an hour.41. A trained B asked C forced D found42 A work B thing C jobs D actions43 A spoke B found C said D pointed44 A eat B take C make D do45 A any B a C the D one46A quickly C closely C near D far47A with B or C in D and48 A accept B get C see D put49A since B for C because D as50A keep B guard C see D look at51A at B from C in D for52 A close B near C nearby D far53 A possible B good C important D e