《N脑神经》PPT课件

1、Department of Anatomy ,Qingdao University Medical CollegeW.S.B 2006.12.3Part Five The Nervous SystemPeripheral Nervous Section 2The Cranial Nerves1医学PPTThe Cranial Nerves(脑神经) IntroductionI. Olfactory n. (嗅神经)II. Optic n. (视神经)III. Oculomotor n.(动眼神经)IV. Trochlear n. (滑车神经)V. Trigeminal n. (三叉神经)VI.

2、 Abducent n. (展神经)2医学PPTThe Cranial NervesIntroductionVII. Facial n. (面神经)VIII. Vestibulocochlear n. (前庭蜗神经) (位听神经)IX. Glossopharyngeal n. (舌咽神经)X. Vagus n. (迷走神经)XI. Accessory n. (副神经)XII. Hypoglossal n. (舌下神经)3医学PPT一嗅二视三动眼，四滑五叉六外展，七面八听九舌咽，迷副舌下十二全。4医学PPTA. Classification of the Cranial Nerves 1. Se

3、nsory nerves (感觉神经): I, II, VIII. 2. Motor nerves (运动神经): III, IV, VI, XI, XII. 3. Mixed nerves (混合神经):V, VII, IX, X.The Cranial NervesIntroduction5医学PPTB. Components of the Cranial Nerves 1. Sensory (afferent) fibers感觉(传入) 纤维 1) general somatic sensory fiber (GSA) (一般躯体感觉纤维): skin nerve endings (皮肤

4、神经末稍) muscle spindles (肌梭) 2) special somatic sensory fiber (SSA) (特殊躯体感觉纤维): visual (视), hearing (听), balance organs (平衡)The Cranial NervesIntroduction6医学PPT 3) general visceral sensory fiber (GVA) (一般内脏感觉纤维): all viscera (全部内脏) 4) special visceral sensory fiber (SVA) (特殊内脏感觉纤维): olfactory (嗅器) and

5、 taste (味器)7医学PPT2. Motor (efferent) fibers 运动 (传出）纤维 1) general somatic motor fiber (GSE) (一般躯体运动纤维): muscles of the eye and tongue (眼外肌和舌肌) 2) general visceral motor fiber (GVE) (一般内脏运动纤维): smooth mm. (平滑肌), cardiac mm. (心肌), glands (腺体) 3) special visceral motor fiber (SVE) (特殊内脏运动): skeletal mus

6、cles derive from branchial arch (源于鳃弓的骨骼肌) I鳃弓咀嚼肌,II鳃弓面肌,III-VII鳃弓咽喉肌,胸锁乳突肌,斜方肌 8医学PPTI. The Olfactory Nerve (嗅神经)-SVAolfactory bulb(嗅球)Olfactory cells(嗅细胞)within the olfactory epithelium of nasal cavity(在鼻腔内嗅区上皮)olfactory filaments(嗅丝) cribriform foraminaanosmia 嗅觉丧失9医学PPT II. The Optic Nerve (视神经)

7、 SSA total blindness 全盲 photoreceptor cells (感光细胞) rod cells(视杆细胞)cone cells(视锥细胞)Bipolar cells(双极细胞)Ganglionic cells(节细胞)Optic NerveOptic chiasma(视交叉)optic canal(视神经管)10医学PPT. The Oculomotor Nerve (动眼神经) GSE, GVE midbrain（中脑）脚间窝superior rectus levator palpebrae superioris(上直肌,上睑提肌)inferior rectus m

8、edial rectusinferior oblique(下直肌,内直肌,下斜肌)strabismus 斜视 眼睑下垂, 瞳孔扩大 , 眼球转向外下, 复视sphincter pupil, ciliary m.(瞳孔括约肌,睫状肌)III superior branch(上支)III inferior branch(下支)sup. orbital fissure (眶上裂)11医学PPT. The Oculomotor Nerve (动眼神经) GSE, GVE12医学PPT. The Trochlear Nerve (滑车神经) GSE midbrain(中脑)背侧superior obli

9、que（上斜肌）sup. orbital fissure(眶上裂)13医学PPT. The Abducent Nerve (展神经) GSEpons（脑桥）lateral rectus（外直肌）strabismus 斜视 diplepia (double vision) 复视sup. orbital fissure(眶上裂)14医学PPT maxillary n(上颌神经) ophthalmic n(眼神经) mandibular nerve (下颌n)pons(脑桥)lacrim n(泪腺)frontal (额) nnasociliary(鼻睫) n眶上神经lacrimal gland(泪腺

10、)鼻背,腔,筛窦,眼球额皮infraorbital(眶下) n sup.alveolar(上牙槽) n auriculotemporal n buccal (颊) nlingual (舌) ninf. alveolar n 眼口间皮肤上牙,牙龈颞部皮肤颊部皮肤,粘膜舌前 2/3 一般感觉Taste.舌前2/3味觉mental 颏n 下唇皮肤lower teeth下牙,牙龈masticat. brs(咀嚼肌支)mastic.mm.咀嚼肌trigeminal neuralgia 三叉神经痛 trigeminal nerve block 三叉神经封闭鼓索下颌舌骨肌NZygomatic n.(颧神经)

11、颧部皮肤滑车上神经VII. The Trigeminal Nerve(三叉神经) GSA, SVEGanglion(三叉神经节)15医学PPT. The Trigeminal Nerve(三叉神经) GSA, SVE16医学PPT. The Trigeminal Nerve(三叉神经) GSA, SVE17医学PPT. The Trigeminal Nerve (三叉神经) GSA, SVE18医学PPT maxillary n(上颌神经) ophthalmic n(眼神经) mandibular nerve (下颌n)pons(脑桥)lacrim n(泪腺)frontal (额) nnaso

12、ciliary(鼻睫) n眶上神经lacrimal gland(泪腺)鼻背,腔,筛窦,眼球额皮infraorbital(眶下) n sup.alveolar(上牙槽) n auriculotemporal n buccal (颊) nlingual (舌) ninf. alveolar n 眼口间皮肤上牙,牙龈颞部皮肤颊部皮肤,粘膜舌前 2/3 一般感觉Taste.舌前2/3味觉mental 颏n 下唇皮肤lower teeth下牙,牙龈masticat. brs(咀嚼肌支)mastic.mm.咀嚼肌trigeminal neuralgia 三叉神经痛 trigeminal nerve blo

13、ck 三叉神经封闭鼓索下颌舌骨肌NZygomatic n.(颧神经)颧部皮肤滑车上神经VII. The Trigeminal Nerve(三叉神经) GSA, SVEGanglion(三叉神经节)19医学PPT CN I. The Olfactory Nerve (SVA) olfactory bulb I olfactory filaments (I) olfactory cells CN II. The Optic Nerve (SSA) optic chiasma II ganglionic cells bipolar cells rod & cone cells CN III. The

14、 Oculomotor Nerve (GSE,GVE) superior br. superior rectus, levator palpebrae superioris inferior br. inf. rectus, medial rectus, & inferior oblique CN IV. The Trochlear Nerve (GSE) midbrain IV superior oblique CN V. The Trigeminal Nerve (GSA,GVA,SVE) ganglion 1. ophthalmic n. (V1) lacrimal n. lacrima

15、l gland frontal n. supraorbital n. frontal skin supratrochlear n. frontal skin nasociliary n. nose, eyeball, & ethmoidal sinus Summary of CN I - VI20医学PPT 2. maxillary n. (V2) infraorbital n. skin between eye and mouth zygomatic n. zygomatic skin pterygopalatine n. nasal cavity, palatine & tonsil su

16、perior alveolar n. superior teeth 3 mandibular n. (V3) auriculotemporal n. temporal skin buccal n. buccal skin and mucosa lingual n. anterior 2/3 part of tongue inferior alveolar n. mental n. mental skin inferior teeth, gingiva submandibular ganglion mylohyoid and digastric mm. masticatory branches

17、masticatory mm. CN VI. The Abducent Nerve (GSE) pons VI lateral rectus mSummary of CN I - VI21医学PPTfacial paralysis面神经瘫facial spasm面痉挛VII. The Facial Nerve (面神经)SVE, SVA, GSA, GVEpons(脑桥)延髓沟geniculate ganglion(膝神经节)VIIVIIstapedius(镫骨肌)taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue(舌前味觉)facial mm.(面肌)Lingualn(舌神经)t

18、ympanic chord (鼓索)temporal branches (颞支)zygomatic branches (颧支)buccal branches (颊支)marginal mandibul. br(下颌缘)cervical branch (颈支)V1 lacrimal nlacrimal glandnasal glands palatine glands(泪,鼻腔,腭腺)submandibular gland, sublingual gland(下颌下腺,舌下腺)pterygo-palatinegangliongreater petrosal n(岩大神经) 腭,蝶腭Nstaped

19、ial n(镫骨肌神经)22医学PPTVII. The Facial Nerve (面神经)SVE, SVA, GSA, GVE23医学PPTfacial paralysis面神经瘫facial spasm面痉挛VII. The Facial Nerve (面神经)SVE, SVA, GSA, GVEpons(脑桥)延髓沟geniculate ganglion(膝神经节)VIIVIIstapedius(镫骨肌)taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue(舌前味觉)facial mm.(面肌)Lingualn(舌神经)tympanic chord (鼓索)temporal b

20、ranches (颞支)zygomatic branches (颧支)buccal branches (颊支)marginal mandibul. br(下颌缘)cervical branch (颈支)V1 lacrimal nlacrimal glandnasal glands palatine glands(泪,鼻腔,腭腺)submandibular gland, sublingual gland(下颌下腺,舌下腺)pterygo-palatinegangliongreater petrosal n(岩大神经) 腭,蝶腭Nstapedial n(镫骨肌神经)24医学PPT VII. The

21、 Facial Nerve (面神经) SVE, SVA, GSA, GVE25医学PPT VII. The Facial Nerve (面神经) SVE, SVA, GSA, GVE26医学PPTfacial paralysis面神经瘫facial spasm面痉挛VII. The Facial Nerve (面神经)SVE, SVA, GSA, GVEpons(脑桥)延髓沟geniculate ganglion(膝神经节)VIIVIIstapedius(镫骨肌)taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue(舌前味觉)facial mm.(面肌)Lingualn(舌神经)t

22、ympanic chord (鼓索)temporal branches (颞支)zygomatic branches (颧支)buccal branches (颊支)marginal mandibul. br(下颌缘)cervical branch (颈支)V1 lacrimal nlacrimal glandnasal glands palatine glands(泪,鼻腔,腭腺)submandibular gland, sublingual gland(下颌下腺,舌下腺)pterygo-palatinegangliongreater petrosal n(岩大神经) 腭,蝶腭Nstaped

23、ial n(镫骨肌神经)27医学PPTVII. The Facial Nerve (面神经) SVE, SVA, GSA, GVE28医学PPTVII. The Facial Nerve (面神经) SVE, SVA, GSA, GVE29医学PPTmacullae of saccule(椭圆囊) macullae of utricle(球囊) ampullarycrest(壶腹嵴). The Vestibulocochlear Nerve (前庭蜗神经) SSAnervous deafness 神经性耳聋brain stem(脑干)延髓脑桥沟vestibular n.(前庭神经)cochle

24、ar n.(蜗神经)vestibular ganglion(前庭神经节)spiral ganglion(螺旋神经节)头位置觉听觉spiral organs（螺旋器）Int.acous. meatus & pore(内耳道,内耳门)30医学PPT. The Vestibulocochlear Nerve(前庭蜗神经) SSA31医学PPT. The Glossopharyngeal Nerve (舌咽神经) SVE, GVE, SVA, GVA,GSA IXmedulla oblongata(延髓)sup. ganglioninf. gangliontympanic n(鼓室N) otic ga

25、ngparotid gland(腮腺)carotid sinus branchcarotid sinus & glomuslingual br (舌支)post. 1/3 of tongue (tastepharynxstylopharyngeal br (茎突咽肌支)stylopharyn.(茎突咽肌)tonsillar br.(扁桃体支)palantine tonsil(腭扁桃体)post.auricular br(耳后支)pharyngeal mm.pharyngeal branch(咽支)post. auricul. skin(耳后皮肤)& other sensory)32医学PPT.

26、 The Glossopharyngeal Nerve(舌咽神经) SVE, GVE, SVA, GVA,GSA33医学PPT. The Vagus Nerve (迷走神经) SVE, GVE, GVA,GSAmedulla oblongataXLsup. ganglioninf. ganglionsup.laryng.n(喉上N) phary.br.(咽支)sup.cerv.card.br.(颈上心支)inf.cerv.card.br.(颈下心支)rec.laryng. n.(喉返N)inf.laryng.n(喉下N)bronc.br.(支气管支)esophag.br.(食管支)ant.va

27、gal tr.(前干)post.vagal tr.(后干)int.br.(内支)laryn.mucosa(喉粘膜)cricothyroideus(环甲肌)phary.mm(咽肌)& mucosa(粘膜)cardiac plexus(心丛)heart mm(心肌)laryng.mm喉肌& mucosa(粘膜)esoph.br(食管支)trac. br(气管支)食管腺,肌气管腺,肌& mucosa(粘膜)& mucosa(粘膜)hepat.br.(肝支)ant.gast.br(胃前支)post.gast.br(胃后支)celiac br.(腹腔支)hepat. plxgast. plxgast.

28、plxceliac plx肝腺,肌senssenssenssens胃腺,肌胃腺,肌肠腺,肌pulmonary plxesoph. plx支气管腺,肌食管腺,肌& mucosa(粘膜)& mucosa(粘膜)sense耳支耳廓,硬脑膜ext.br.(外支)R34医学PPT. The Vagus Nerve (迷走神经) 35医学PPT XI. The Accessory Nerve (副神经) SVE Medulla oblongata(脑干)spinal cord(脊髓)sterno-cleido-mastoideus(胸锁乳突肌) trapezius(斜方肌)pharyngeal mm.la

29、ryngeal mm(咽喉肌)spinal root(脊根)XIcranial root (颅根36医学PPTXII. The Hypoglossal Nerve (舌下神经)GSEmedulla oblongata(延髓)XIIlingual branches(舌支)mm of tongue(舌肌)descending br(降支)ansa cervicalis(颈袢)infrahyoid mm(舌骨下肌群)cervical plexus (颈丛)hypoglossal canal舌下神经管C1C2C3paralysis of tonguemm. 舌肌瘫痪(伸舌时舌歪向患侧)37医学PPTS

30、ummary of CN VII - XIICN VII. The Facial Nerve (SVE,GVE,SVA,GSA) pons VII geniculate ganglion deep petrosal n. greater petrosal n. n. of pterygoid canal pterygopalatine ganglion lacrimal gland 1. stapedial nerve stapedius 2. tympanic chord lingual n. taste of anterior 2/3 of tongue ganglion submandi

31、bular & sublingual gland 3. temporal branches frontal muscle, orbicularis oculi 4. zygomatic branches zygomaticus, orbicularis oculi 5. buccal branches buccinator, muscles around the mouth 6. marginal mandibular branch muscles of lower lip 7. cervical branch platysma 8. posterior auricular n. auricu

32、lar muscles and occipitalis CN VIII. The Vestibulocochlear Nerve (SSA) 1. vestibular n. vestibular ganglion maculae of saccule & utricle, ampullary crest 2. cochlear n. cochlear ganglion spiral organs38医学PPTSummary of CN VII - XIICN IX. The Glossopharyngeal Nerve ) (SVE,GVE,SVA,GVA,GSA) superior gan

33、glion parotid gland otic ganglion inferior ganglion tympanic n. tympanic plexus lessor petrosal n 1. carotid sinus branch carotid sinus & carotid glomus 2. lingual branches posterior 1/3 of tongue (taste and other sensory) 3. pharyngeal branch pharyngeal mucous 4. stylopharyngeal branch stylopharyngeus 5. tonsillar b