考研考博-英语-南京体育学院考试押题三合一+答案详解篇

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-南京体育学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Thescentsoftheflowerswas______tousbythebreeze.

问题1选项

A.intercepted

B.detested

C.saturated

D.wafted

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.intercepted拦截；中途阻止B.detested厌恶，憎恨

C.saturated渗透；饱和D.wafted飘过，飘荡；吹拂

【答案】D

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】由breeze（微风）可知，Thescentsoftheflowers（花的香味）是被风吹过来的，因此D项词义最符合句意。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C项不符合句子意思。

【句意】微风向我们吹来了花香。

2.单选题

（）wingsforthecommonmanhadtoawaitthedawnofthespaceagetogobacktothesimplicityoftheirbeginnings.

问题1选项

A.Consequently

B.Regularly

C.Ironically

D.Comprehensively

【答案】C

【解析】考查副词辨析。consequently"因此,从而";regularly"定期地,有规律地";ironically"讽刺地";comprehensively"包括地,全面地"。句意：（）,普通人的翅膀必须等到太空时代的黎明才能回到最初的简单。选项C具有讽刺意味的是,符合句意。

3.单选题

Hydrogenisoneofthemostimportantelementsintheuniverse（

）itprovidesthebuildingblocksfromwhichtheotherelementsareproduced.

问题1选项

A.sothat

B.butthat

C.providedthat

D.inthat

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查语法结构。这里的空格考查前后两个句子之间的关系。根据后面句子的意思“itprovidesthebuildingblocksfromwhichtheotherelementsareproduced它提供了其他元素赖以产生的建构框架”，可知它表示的是前面句子的原因。这里选项D“inthat因为”适合前后句子语境意思，句意为：氢是宇宙中最重要的元素之一，因为它提供了其他元素赖以产生的建构框架。D为正确答案。

4.单选题

Desertplants（

）twocategoriesaccordingtothewaytheydealwiththeproblemofsurvivingdrought.

问题1选项

A.breakdown

B.fallinto

C.differin

D.referto

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。breakdown“分解，发生故障”；fallinto“落入，分成”；differin“在……方面存在不同”；referto“参考，涉及”。句意：沙漠中的植物根据其在干旱中的生活方式可以分为两钟。选项B符合题意。

5.单选题

Heavyfightinghasbeengoingonaftertheguerrillashad（）theiroffensiveattackonlocalforce.

问题1选项

A.undertaken

B.launched

C.begun

D.embarked

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。undertake“承担”；launch“发射”；begin“开始”；embark“出发”。本句意为“游击队开始对当地军队发动进攻后，激烈的战斗一直在进行”。begin符合句意，表达进攻从开始就一直进行着。因此选项C正确。

6.单选题

Thedinner________prepared,Itookanapbeforetheguestsarrived.

问题1选项

A.be

B.being

C.havingbeen

D.tobe

【答案】C

【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：晚餐做好了我在客人来之前打了个盹。主句的谓语动词“took”是过去时，而根据句意晚餐是在“我”睡觉之前就已经做好了，是一种完成的状态，所以答案要选C：现在分词的完成式。A选项会造成主句有两套主谓结构，而句子中间没有连词，所以不能选A；B选项表示现在而D选项表示将来，不符合题意。

7.单选题

Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Tounderstandthemechanismofthehumanbrain.

B.Toseeiftheyareinherenttraitsaffectinglearning.

C.Tocategorizedifferenttypesoflearners.

D.Tofindoutwhatstudentsprefertolearn.

问题2选项

A.Itwasoriginalindesign.

B.Itwasthought-provoking.

C.Itwasdefective.

D.Itwasmisguided.

问题3选项

A.Readingplaintextsismoreeffectivethanviewingpictures.

B.Scientificconceptsarehardtounderstandwithoutvisualaids.

C.Auditoryaidsareasimportantasvisualaids.

D.Visualaidsarehelpfultoalltypesoflearners.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

【解析】RecordingOne

Haveyoueverhadsomeonetrytoexplainsomethingtoyouadozentimeswithnoluck—butthen,whenyouseeapicture,theideafinallyclicks?Ifthatsoundsfamiliar,maybeyoumightconsideryourselfavisuallearner.Or,ifreadingorlisteningdoesthetrick,maybeyoufeellikeyou’reaverballearner.

Wecalltheselabelslearningstyles,butistherereallyawaytocategorizedifferenttypesofstudents?Well,itactuallyseemsthatmultiplepresentationformats,especiallyifoneofthemisvisual,helpmostpeoplelearn.

[16]Whenpsychologistsandeducatorstestforlearningstyles,they’retryingtofigureoutwhethertheseareinherenttraitsthataffecthowwellstudentslearn,insteadofjustapreference.Usually,theystartbygivingasurveytofigureoutwhatstyleastudentfavors,likevisualorverballearning.Then,theytrytoteachthestudentssomethingwithaspecificpresentationstyle,likeusingvisualaids,anddoafollow-uptesttoseehowmuchtheylearned.Thatway,theresearcherscanseeiftheself-identifiedverballearnersreallylearnedbetterwhentheinformationwasjustspokenaloud,forexample.

But,accordingtoa2008review,onlyonestudythatfollowedthisdesignfoundthatstudentsactuallylearnedbestwiththeirpreferredstyle.[17]Butthestudyhadsomebigflaws.Theresearchersexcludedtwothirdsoftheoriginalparticipantsbecausetheydidn’tseemtohaveanyclearlearningstylefromthesurveyatthebeginning,andtheydidn’tevenreporttheactualtestscoresinthefinalpaper.So...itdoesn’treallyseemlikelearningstylesareaninherenttraitthatweallhave.But,thatdoesn’tmeanthatallstudentswilldoamazinglyiftheyjustspendalltheirtimereadingfromatextbook.

Instead,mostpeopleseemtolearnbetterifthey’retaughtinseveralways,especiallyifoneisvisual.Inonestudy,researcherstestedwhetherstudentsrememberedlistsofwordsbetteriftheyheardthem,sawthem,orboth.Andeveryoneseemedtodobetteriftheygottoseethewordsinprint,eventheself-identifiedauditorylearners.Theirpreferencedidn’tseemtomatter.

Similarstudiestestedwhetherstudentslearnedbasicphysicsandchemistryconceptsbetterbyreadingplaintextorviewingpictures,too.[18]Andeveryonedidbetterwiththehelpofpictures.

16.Whydopsychologistsandeducatorsstudylearningstyles?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问为什么心理学家和教育家要研究学习方式？录音提到，当心理学家和教育学家为学习方式做测试时，他们试图弄清楚这些是否是影响学生学习效果的固有特征，因此B选项“看它们是否是影响学习的固有特征”符合录音原文表述。A选项“了解人类大脑的机制”和D选项“找出学生更喜欢学什么”在录音中均没有信息提及；C选项“对不同类型的学习者进行分类”，利用录音的categorizedifferenttypesofstudents设干扰，录音中只是质疑是否真的有办法把不同类型的学生分类，这并不是心理学家和教育家研究学习方式的原因，因此C选项不正确。

17.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutonestudymentionedinthe2008review?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问说话者对2008年评论中提到的一项研究有何看法？录音提到，这项研究存在一些重大缺陷，因此C选项“它是有缺陷的”正确。A选项“它在设计上是原创的”，利用录音的original设干扰，录音只是提到研究人员排除了三分之二的最初参与者，并未提到设计上的事，因此A选项不正确；B选项“它是发人深省的”和D选项“它被误导了”在录音中没有信息提及。

18.Whatmessagedoesthespeakerwanttoconveyaboutlearningattheendoftalk?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问在谈话的最后，说话者想传达关于学习的什么信息？录音最后提到，类似的研究测试了学生通过阅读纯文本或观看图片是否能更好地学习基本的物理和化学概念，所有人在图片的帮助下都做得更好。由此可知，D选项“视觉上的辅助对所有类型的学习者都有用”符合录音原文表述。A选项“阅读纯文本比看图片更有效”与录音最后提到的实验结果恰好相反，因此错误；B选项“没有视觉辅助，科学概念很难理解”，录音中未提及理解科学概念的难度，因此B选项属于无中生有的错误选项；C选项“听觉辅助和视觉辅助一样重要”，录音提到一项研究测试学生在听、看和听看并用的情况下记单词的效果。结果发现，所有学生在“看”单词时，记单词的效果最好，即使自认为偏好用“听”来学习的学生也是这样。由此可见，“看”应该比“听”效果更好，因此排除C选项。

8.单选题

ThecourtdecreedthatheshouldbetransportedtoAustralia.

问题1选项

A.predicted

B.ordered

C.decided

D.resolved

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。decree表示“颁布法令”；A项predict“预测”，B项order“命令”，C项decide“决定”，D项resolve“溶解”。句意：法院裁定他应该被遣送到澳大利亚。因此B项正确。

9.单选题

NASAiscastinganetinthespaceshuttleinvestigationastowhatcausedthespacecrafttoswingoutofcontroland（）momentsbeforeitwastoland.

问题1选项

A.disassemble

B.disembark

C.neglected

D.discarded

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项disassemble“拆开、分散”；B选项disembark“登陆、上岸”；C选项neglected“忽视、疏忽”；D选项discarded“丢弃”，句意为：美国国家航空航天局正在对航天飞机展开调查，以查明是什么原因导致航天飞机在着陆前失控。B选项符合句意。

10.单选题

Shoppingforclothesisnotthesameexperienceforamanasitisforawoman.Amangoesshoppingbecauseheneedssomething.Hispurposeissettledanddecidedinadvance.Heknowswhathewantsandhisobjectiveistofinditandbuyit;thepriceisasecondaryconsideration.Allmensimplywalkintoashopandasktheassistantforwhattheywant.Iftheshophasitinstockthesalesmanpromptlyproducesit,andthebusinessoftryingiton,proceedsatonce.Allbeingwell,thedealcanbeandofteniscompletedinlessthanfiveminutes,withhardlyanychatandtoeveryone'ssatisfaction.

Foraman,slightproblemsmaybeginwhentheshopdoesnothavewhathewants,ordoesnothaveexactlywhathewants.Inthatcasethesalesman,asthenameimplies,triestosellthecustomersomethingelse—heoffersthenearesthecantothearticlerequired.Nogoodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitutebluntly,hedoessowithskillandpolish."Iknowthisjacketisnotthestyleyouwant,sir,butwouldyouliketotryitforsize?Ithappenstobethecoloryoumentioned."Fewmenhavepatiencewiththistreatment,andtheusualresponseis"Thisistherightcolorandmaybetherightsize,butIshouldbewastingmytimeandyoursbytryingiton."

Nowhowdoesawomangoaboutbuyingclothes?Inalmosteveryrespectshedoessointheoppositeway.Hershoppingisnotoftenbasedonneed.Shehasneverfullymadeuphermindwhatshewants,andsheisonly"havingalookaround".Sheisalwaysopentopersuasion;indeedshesetsgreatstorebywhatthesaleswomantellsher,evenbywhatcompanionstellher.Shewilltryonanynumberofthings.Uppermostinhermindisthethoughtoffindingsomethingthateveryonethinkssuitsher.Contrarytoalotofjokes;mostwomenhaveanexcellentsenseofvaluewhentheybuyclothes.Theyarealwaysonthelook-outfortheunexpectedbargain.Facedwitharoomfulofdresses,awomanmayeasilyspendanhourgoingfromonerailtoanother,toandfro,oftenretracinghersteps,beforeselectingthedressesshewantstotryon.Itisalaboriousprocessbutapparentlyanenjoyableone.Somostdressshopsprovidechairsforthewaitinghusbands.

1.Whenamanisbuyingclothes,（

）.

2.Incommerceagoodsalesmanisonewho

（

）.

3.Whatdoesamandowhenhecannotgetexactlywhathewants?

4.Accordingtothispassage,whenshoppingforclothes,women

（

）.

5.Whatisthemostobviousdifferencebetweenmenandwomenshoppers?

问题1选项

A.hechoosesthingsthatothersrecommend

B.hebuyscheapthings,regardlessofquality

C.hebuysgoodthings,solongastheyarenottooexpensive

D.hedoesnotmindhowmuchhehastopayfortherightthings

问题2选项

A.sellssomethingacustomerdoesnotparticularlywant

B.alwayshasinstockthethingthecustomerwants

C.canfindoutquicklythegoodsrequired

D.doesnotwastehistimeondifficultcustomers

问题3选项

A.Hebuyssomethingthatissimilarenoughtotheidealone.

B.Heusuallydoesnotbuyanything.

C.Atleasttwoofhisrequirementsmustbemetbeforehebuys.

D.Solongasthestyleisright,hebuysthething.

问题4选项

A.oftenbuythingswithoutthinking

B.seldombuycheapclothes

C.welcomesuggestionsfromanyone

D.nevertakeanyadvice

问题5选项

A.Thefactthatmendonottryclothesoninashop.

B.Womenbargainfortheirclothesbutmendonot.

C.Womenstandupwhileshopping,butmensitdown.

D.Thetimetheytakeoverbuyingclothes.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。由文章第一段中Heknowswhathewantsandhisobjectiveistofinditandbuyit;thepriceisasecondaryconsideration.（他知道他想要什么，他的目标是找到它并购买它；价格是次要的考虑因素）可知选D。

第2题:细节事实题。由文章第二段中Inthatcasethesalesman,asthenameimplies,triestosellthecustomersomethingelse—heoffersthenearesthecantothearticlerequired.Nogoodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitutebluntly,hedoessowithskillandpolish.（在这种情况下，推销员，顾名思义，试图向顾客推销其他东西——他提供了最接近他所需要的物品。优秀的推销员不会直截了当地提出这样的替代方案，而是用技巧和变通来做的这点）可知选A。

第3题:推理判断题。由文章第二段中Thisistherightcolorandmaybetherightsize,butIshouldbewastingmytimeandyoursbytryingiton（这是对的颜色，可能是合适的尺寸，但试穿还是浪费你我的时间）可知选B。

第4题:细节事实题。由文章第三段中Sheisalwaysopentopersuasion;indeedshesetsgreatstorebywhatthesaleswomantellsher,evenbywhatcompanionstellher.Shewilltryonanynumberofthings.Uppermostinhermindisthethoughtoffindingsomethingthateveryonethinkssuitsher.（她总是乐于接受说服；事实上，她非常重视女售货员告诉她的话，甚至是同伴对她说的话。她会试穿很多东西。在她心中最重要的是应该找到每个人都认为适合她的东西）可知选C。

第5题:推理判断题。由文章第一段中thedealcanbeandofteniscompletedinlessthanfiveminutes（这笔交易可以而且经常在不到五分钟内完成）和最后一段中Somostdressshopsprovidechairsforthewaitinghusbands（所以大多数服装店都为等候的丈夫提供椅子）可知男女购物最大的区别是购物花费的时间，因此选D。

11.单选题

Maskedgunmen（）intheofficesofaFrenchsatiricalnewspaperonWednesday,thepolicesaid,withinitialreportssayingthatasmanyas11peoplehadbeenkilledand10wounded.

问题1选项

A.openedfire

B.wereopeningfire

C.openedfires

D.wasopeningafire

【答案】A

【解析】语法题。根据thepolicesaid可判断，这个句子的时态为一般过去时态，所以动词要用过去式，再有固定搭配“openfire”，意为“开火”。句意：警方称，蒙面枪手周三在一家法国讽刺新闻的办公室里开火了，最初报道称多达11人被杀，10人受伤。选项A符合题意。

12.单选题

Careshouldbetakentodecreasethelengthoftimethatoneis（）loudcontinuousnoise.

问题1选项

A.attachedto

B.subjectedto

C.filledwith

D.associatedwith

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组搭配辨析。A选项(be)attachedto“附属于；系于”；B选项(be)subjectedto“遭受；承受”；C选项(be)filledwith“充满”；D选项(be)associatedwith“与……有关”。句意：应注意缩短人们……连续噪音的时间。从句中的主语是one“人”，宾语是loudcontinuousnoise“响亮不间断的噪音”。人对噪音是难以忍受的，所以需要缩短人们承受噪音的时间。因此B选项符合题意。

13.单选题

Predictingthefutureisalwaysrisky.Butit’sprobablysafetosaythatatleastafewhistorianswillonedayspeakofthe20th-centuryasAmerica’s“DisneyEra.”Today,it’scertainlydifficulttothinkofanyothersinglethingthatrepresentsmodemAmericaaspowerfullyasthecompanythatcreatedMickeyMouse.Globally,brandslikeCoca-ColaandMcDonaldsmaybemorewidely-known,butneitherencapsulates20th-centuryAmericainquitethesamewayasDisney.

ThereasonsforDisney’ssuccessarevariedandnumerous,butultimatelythecreditbelongs

tooneperson—themanwhocreatedthecartoonandbuiltthecompanyfromnothing,WaltDisney.Ironicallyhecouldnotdrawparticularlywell.Buthewasageniusinplentyofotherrespects.Inbusiness,hisgreatestskillswerehisinsightandhismanagementability.AftersettinghimselfupinHollywood,hesingle-handedlypioneeredtheconceptsofbrandingandmerchandising—somethinghiscompanystilldoesbrilliantlytoday.

ButwhatreallydistinguishedDisneywashisabilitytoidentifywithhisaudiences.Disneyalwaysmadesurehisfilmschampionedthe“littleguy,”andmadehimfeelproudtobeAmerican.Thisheachievedbycreatingcharactersthatreflectedthehopesandfearsoftheordinarypeople.SomecelebratedAmericanachievements—Disney’sveryfirstcartoonPlaneCrazy,featuringasilentMickeyhouse,wasinspiredbyCharlesLindbergh’sflightacrosstheAtlantic.Others,likethethreelittlePigsandSnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarves,showedhow,throughhardworkandhelpingone’sfellowman,ordinaryAmericanscouldsurvivesocialandeconomiccrisesliketheGreatDepression.

Disney’sothergreatvirtuewasthefactthathiscompany—unlikeotherbigcorporations—hadahumanface.HisHollywoodstudio—thepublicheard—operatedjustlikeademocracy,whereeveryonewasonfirst-nametermsandhadasayinhowthingsshouldberun.HewasalsoregardedasagreatpatriotbecausenotonlydidhiscartoonscelebrateAmerica,but,duringWorldWarII,hisstudiosmadetrainingfilmsforAmericansoldiers.

Thereality,ofcourse,waslessidyllic.Asthepublicwouldlaterlearn,Disney’spatriotismhadanunpleasantside.Afterastrikebycartoonistsin1941,hebecameconvincedthatHollywoodhadbeeninfiltratedbyCommunists.HeagreedtoworkfortheFBIasamole（间谍）,identifyingandspyingoncolleagueswhomhesuspectedweresubversives.

But,apartfromhisaffiliationswiththeFBI,Disneywasmoreorlessthegenuinearticle.Anewbook,TheMagicKingdom:WaltDisneyandtheAmericanWayofLife,byStevenWatts,confirmsthathewasverydefinitelyonthesideofordinaryAmericans―inthe30sand40shevotedforFranklinRoosevelt,believinghewasachampionoftheworkers.Also,DisneywasnotanapologistfortheFBI,assomehavesuggested.Infact,hewasalwayssuspiciousoflarge,bureaucraticorganizations,asisevidencedinfilmslikeThatDarnedCat,inwhichheportrayedFBIagentsasbunglingincompetents.

Bythetimehediedin1966,WaltDisneywasaniconlikeThomasEdisonandtheWrightBrothers.Tobusinesspeopleandfilmmakers,hewasarolemodel;tothepublicatlarge,hewas“UncleWalt”一themanwhohadentertainedthemalltheirlives,themanwhorepresentedallthatwasgoodaboutAmerica.

Inthe30yearssincehisdeath,notmuchhaschanged.In1986,hewasattackedasaMcCarthyist,asupporterofbigbusiness,andapurveyorof“sub-literate”entertainment.However,noneofithasmadeanydifferencetothegeneralpublic.TheirloyaltytoUncleWaltremainsasstrongasever.

1.WaltDisneyisbelievedtopossessthefollowingabilitiesEXCEPT（

）.

2.WaltDisneybecameaniconafterhisdeathnotbecause

（

）.

3.Inthesixthparagraphthesentence“Disneywasmoreorlessthegenuinearticle”means

that

（

）.

4.Thewriter’sattitudetowardWaltDisneycanbestbedescribedas

（

）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasthepleasantsideofDisney’spatriotism?

问题1选项

A.painting

B.creativity

C.management

D.merchandising

问题2选项

A.Hewasarolemodeltobusinesspeopleandfilmmakers

B.hecouldentertainthepublicatlargealltheirlives

C.hewasapurveyorof“sub-literate”entertainment

D.hecouldrepresentallthatwasgoodaboutAmerica

问题3选项

A.Disneywasacreativeandcapableperson.

B.DisneyonceagreedtoworkfortheFBI.

C.Disneyranhiscompanyinademocraticway.

D.Disneywassympatheticwithordinarypeople.

问题4选项

A.sympathetic

B.objective

C.critical

D.skeptical

问题5选项

A.HesidedwithordinaryAmericansinhisfilms.

B.HesupportedAmerica’swareffortsinhisownway.

C.Hehaddoubtsaboutlarge,bureaucraticorganizations.

D.HevotedforFranklinRooseveltinthe30sand40s.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据文章第二段中“Ironicallyhecouldnotdrawparticularlywell”讽刺的是他画得不太好，可知WaltDisney绘画能力不好，因此选A。

2.细节事实题。文章最后两段讲述了WaltDisney死后的影响，A、C、D选项在倒数第二段中都有提及，B选项在最后一段中提及，不符合题干中成为偶像的原因，因此选B。

3.推理判断题。根据文章第六段中“hewasverydefinitelyonthesideofordinaryAmericans”可知WaltDisney站在普通美国人这边，因此D选项“迪士尼对普通人很同情”符合题意。

4.观点态度题。根据文章第二段中“ThereasonsforDisney’ssuccessarevariedandnumerous,butultimatelythecreditbelongstooneperson—themanwhocreatedthecartoonandbuiltthecompanyfromnothing,WaltDisney.”和第五段中“Asthepublicwouldlaterlearn,Disney’spatriotismhadanunpleasantside.”可知作者既写了WaltDisney对迪士尼公司的成功有突出贡献，又写了他爱国主义不好的一面，因此作者对WaltDisney的态度是客观的，选B。

5.推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“HewasalsoregardedasagreatpatriotbecausenotonlydidhiscartoonscelebrateAmerica,but,duringWorldWarII,hisstudiosmadetrainingfilmsforAmericansoldiers.”他也被认为是一位伟大的爱国者，因为他不仅以他的动画片赞美美国，而且在二战期间，他的制作室也为美国士兵制作训练用影片。可知他以自己的方式支持美国的战争努力，因此选B。

14.单选题

Successatlanguageis（）ofintelligence.

问题1选项

A.amorematterofapplicationthan

B.amattermoreofapplicationthan

C.amatterofapplicationmorethan

D.moreamatterofapplicationthan

【答案】D

【解析】句意:语言的成功与其说是智力问题，不如说是应用问题。

语法题。考查比较结构。amatterof“事关……的事”，四个选项中，只有D项符合正确表达。

15.单选题

Thesamefactorspushwagesandpricesuptogether,theone（

）theother.

问题1选项

A.emphasizing

B.reinforcing

C.multiplying

D.increasing

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析题。emphasize强调；reinforce加强，加固；multiply增加；increase增强，提高。

句意：相同的因素推动工资和物价同时上涨，二者相互促进。这里指由于相互促进而增强，所以选项B最为恰当。

16.单选题

Hewrotedowntheaddress______heshouldforgetit.

问题1选项

A.incasenot

B.lest

C.inorderthat

D.offearthat

【答案】B

【解析】考查状语从句。句意：他写下了地址，以免忘记。横线到句尾部分是原因状语从句。A选项incase“以免”，不加not；B选项lest“以免”；C选项inorderthat“以便”；D选项fear“担心”，offearthat不合语法。写下地址是为了防止忘记和语法正确性，B选项lest“以免”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

17.单选题

Thisdiplomaisimportant,which（

）thatyouhavecompletedhighschool.

问题1选项

A.amplifies

B.certifies

C.clarifies

D.magnifies

【答案】B

【解析】动词辨析。A选项amplify“放大，扩大”；B选项certify“证明”；C选项clarify“澄清，阐明”；D选项magnify“赞美，夸大”。

句意：这个文凭很重要，它能证明你已经完成高中学业。选项B符合句意。

18.单选题

WhenIemergedfromthetelephonebox,Icamefacetofacewithalittleman,whowaslookingas（）asastraydog.

问题1选项

A.humble

B.pathetic

C.dreadful

D.merciful

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项humble“谦逊的，简陋的”；B选项pathetic“可怜的，悲哀的”；C选项dreadful“可怕的，糟透的，令人不快的”；D选项merciful“仁慈的，慈悲的，宽容的”。句意：当我从电话亭出来时，迎面遇到一个小个子男人，他看上去像一只流浪狗一样（）。这里表达的意思是男人像流浪狗一样可怜，因此B选项符合题意。

19.单选题

Ifyouknowwhatthetroubleis,whyyoudon’thelpthemto___thesituation?

问题1选项

A.simplify

B.modify

C.verify

D.rectify

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项simplify“简化；使单纯；使简易”；B选项modify“修改，修饰；更改（略微改变某事物，尤指为了使其更适合于某一特定目的）”；C选项verify“核实；查证”；D选项rectify“改正（纠正错误的事物）；精馏；整流”。句意：如果你知道问题出在哪里，为什么不帮他们___情况。本句表达“帮助他们核实情况”，因此C选项正确。

20.单选题

Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn’taffecther.Priestlyexplainshowthedeepbluecoloroftheassistant’ssweaterdescendedovertheyearsfromfashionshowstodepartmentstoresandtothebargainbininwhichthepoorgirldoubtlessfoundhergarment.

Thistop-downconceptionofthefashionbusinesscouldn’tbemoreoutofdateoratoddswiththefeverishworlddescribedinOverdressed,ElizabethCline’sthree-yearindictmentof"fastfashion”.Inthelastdecadeorso,advancesintechnologyhaveallowedmass-marketlabelssuchasZara,H&M.andUniqlotoreacttotrendsmorequicklyandanticipatedemandmoreprecisely.Quickerturnaroundsmeanlesswastedinventory,morefrequentrelease,andmoreprofit.Theselabelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable—meanttolastonlyawashortwo,althoughtheydon’tadvertisethat~andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks.Byofferingon-trenditemsatdirt-cheapprices,Clineargues,thesebrandshavehijackedfashioncycles,shakinganindustrylongaccustomedtoaseasonalpace.

Thevictimsofthisrevolution,ofcourse,arenotlimitedtodesigners.ForH&Mtooffera$5.95knitminiskirtinallits2,300-plusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wageoverseaslabor,orderinvolumesthatstrainnaturalresources,andusemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.

Overdressedisthefashionworld’sanswertoconsumer-activistbestsellerslikeMichaelPollan’sTheOmnivore’sDilemma.“Mass-producedclothing,likefastfood,fillsahungerandneed,yetisnondurableandwasteful,”Clineargues.Americans,shefinds,buyroughly20billiongarmentsayear~about64itemsperperson~andnomatterhowmuchtheygiveaway,thisexcessleadstowaste.

TowardstheendofOverdressed,Clineintroducedherideal,aBrooklynwomannamedSarahKateBeaumont,whosince2008hasmadeallofherownclothes―andbeautifully.ButasClineisthefirsttonote,ittookBeaumontdecadestoperfecthercraft;herexamplecan’tbeknockedoff.

Thoughseveralfast-fashioncompanieshavemadeeffortstocurbtheirimpactonlaborandtheenvironment—includingH&M,withitsgreenConsciousCollectionline—Clinebelieves

lastingchangecanonlybeeffectedbythecustomer.Sheexhibitstheidealismcommontomanyadvocatesofsustainability,beitinfoodorinenergy.Vanityisaconstant;peoplewillonlystartshoppingmoresustainablywhentheycan’taffordto.

1.Priestlycriticizesherassistantforher（

）.

2.AccordingtoCline,mass-marketlabelsurgeconsumersto

（

）.

3.Theword“indictment”(Line3,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

5.Whatisthesubjectofthetext?

问题1选项

A.poorbargainingskill

B.insensitivitytofashion

C.obsessionwithhighfashion

D.lackofimagination

问题2选项

A.combatunnecessarywaste

B.shutoutthefeverishfashionworld

C.resisttheinfluenceofadvertisements

D.shopfortheirgarmentsmorefrequently

问题3选项

A.accusation

B.enthusiasm

C.indifference

D.tolerance

问题4选项

A.Vanityhasmoreoftenbeenfoundinidealists.

B.Thefast-fashionindustryignoressustainability.

C.Peoplearemoreinterestedinunaffordablegarments.

D.Pricingisvitaltoenvironment-friendlypurchasing.

问题5选项

A.Satireonanextravagantlifestyle

B.Challengetoahigh-fashionmyth

C.Criticismofthefast-fashionindustry

D.Exposureofamass-marketsecret

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。由题干关键词Priestlycriticizesherassistant定位至第一段:Inthe2006filmversionofTheDevilWearsPrada,MirandaPriestly,playedbyMerylStreep,scoldsherunattractiveassistantforimaginingthathighfashiondoesn’taffecther(在2006年的电影版‘穿普拉达的女王’中，由MerylStreep扮演的MirandaPriestly因猜想高级时尚没有影响自己没有魅力的助手而斥责她),因此可推知B项“对时尚不敏感”正确。

2.细节事实题。第二段指出:Theselabelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable―meanttolastonlyawashortwo,althoughtheydon’tadvertisethat—andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks(这些服装品牌怂恿有时尚意识的'消费者将衣服看成是一次性的（意味着只洗一次或两次，尽管这些品牌没有做那样的广告），且每隔几周就去更新自己的服装)。因此D项“更频繁地为自己买衣服”正确。

3.词义题。单词“indictment”后面的句子提到:Theselabelsencouragestyle-consciousconsumerstoseeclothesasdisposable—meanttolastonlyawashortwo,althoughtheydon’tadvertisethat―andtorenewtheirwardrobeeveryfewweeks(这些服装品牌公恵有时尚意识的消级者将衣服看成是一次性的（意味着只洗一次或两次，尽管这些品牌没有做那样的广告），且每隔几周就去更新自己的服装)。因此推测“indictment”在这里有“控告”的意思；故选A。

4.判断推理题。最后一段:Vanityisaconstant;peoplewillonlystartshoppingmoresustainablywhentheycan’taffordto(虚荣心是一种不变的事物；人们在自己不能承担去购买东西时才会开始更可持续性地购物)。由此可推知D项“价格对有利于环境的购物是至关重要的”正确。

5.主旨大意题。由全文主要围绕“批评快时尚行业浪费资源、劳动力，且污染环境”进行分析和论述可推知C项“批评快速时尚行业”正确。

21.单选题

Theperformanceofthisreasonablypricedrecordplayeris（）inqualitytothatofsomemoreexpensivehi-fisets.

问题1选项

A.comparable

B.compared

C.parallel

D.alike

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项comparable“可比较的，同等的，相当的”例如：Nohorsehasaspeedcomparabletothatofhis。（没有一匹马的速度能比得上他的马。）B选项compared“比较的，对照的”例如：Happinessistobefelt,nottobecompared.（幸福，是用来感觉的，而不是用来比较的。）C选项parallel“平行的，类似的”例如：Theroadrunsparalleltotheriver.（这条路和这条河是平行的。）；D选项alike“相似的；相像的”例如：MysisterandIdonotlookalike.（我和我妹妹外貌不相像。）句意：这部定价合理的录音机在性能上可与那些昂贵的高保真音响设备相比。由选项意思和句意可知，A选项符合句意。

22.单选题

Outof（

）revenge,hedidhisworsttoblackenhercharacterandruinherreputation.

问题1选项

A.perfect

B.total

C.sheer

D.integral

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。Perfect“完美的”；total“全部的”；sheer“绝对的；纯粹的”；integral“完整的”。句意：纯粹是出于报复，他拼命诋毁她的人品，毁坏她的名誉。选项C符合题意。

23.单选题

Thousandsofanti-capitalistprotesterstook（）thestreetsinscoresofcitiesaroundtheworld.

问题1选项

A.in

B.into

C.to

D.off

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词短语辨析。A选项takein“吸收，领会，欺骗，接待，接受，理解，拘留，欺骗，让……进入，改短”；B选项takeinto“考虑到，说服”；C选项taketo“喜欢，走向，开始从事”；D选项takeoff“起飞，脱下，离开，突然成功”。句意：成千上万的反资本主义抗议者在世界各地的城市街头上走着。因此C选项正确。

24.单选题

Thatpartofthecityhaslongbeen

foritsstreetviolenceanddisorder.

问题1选项

A.notorious

B.famous

C.illegal

D.responsible

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。Notorious“臭名昭著的”；famous“著名的”；illegal“非法的”；responsible“负责的”。句意：该市那个地区由于街头暴力和无秩序而长时间臭名昭著。选项A符合题意。

25.单选题

There’s______whenweshallmeetagain.

问题1选项

A.notknow

B.noknowing

C.nottoknow

D.neverknowing

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定句型。句意：我们什么时候再见面还不知道。考查therebe句型，横线处应该填名词，knowing是动名词，B选项noknowing正确，A选项notknow和C选项nottoknow错误。结合语境，这里没有永远都不知道的意思，D选项neverknowing错误。因此B选项正确。

26.单选题

Ifitwereonlynecessarytodecidewhethertoteachelementarysciencetoeveryoneonamassbasisortofindthegiftedfewandtakethemasfarastheycango,ourtaskwouldbefairlysimple.Thepublicschoolsystem,however,hasnosuchchoice,