考研考博-英语-安徽农业大学经济技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-安徽农业大学经济技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.不定项选择题

SoutheastAsiahasauniqueabundanceanddiversityofglidinganimals,flyingsquirrels,flyingfrogs,andflyinglizardswithwingsofskinthatenablethemtoglidethroughthetropicalforest.Whatcouldbetheexplanationforthegreatdiversityinthisregionandthescarcityofsuchanimalsinothertropicalforests?Glidinghasgenerallybeenviewedaseitherameansofescapingpredators,byallowinganimalstomovebetweentreeswithoutdescendingtotheground,orasanenergeticallyefficientwayoftravelinglongdistancesbetweenscatteredresources.ButwhatisspecialaboutSoutheastAsianrainforests?

ScientistshaveproposedvarioustheoriestoexplainthediversityofglidinganimalsinSoutheastAsia.Thefirsttheorymightbecalledthetall-treeshypothesis.TheforestsofSoutheastAsiaaretallerthanforestselsewhereduetothedominationofthedipterocarp(龙脑香料树)family:afamilyoftall,tropicalhardwoodtrees.Tallertreescouldallowforlongerglidesandtheopportunitytobuildupspeedinadivebeforegliding.Thelowerwindspeedsintall-treeforestsmightalsocontributebyprovidingamoreadvantageoussituationforglidingbetweentrees.Thisargumenthasseveralflaws,however.First,glidinganimalsarefoundthroughouttheSoutheastAsianregion,eveninrelativelyshort-statureforestsfoundinthenorthernrangeoftherainforestinChina,Vietnam,andThailand.Someglidersalsothriveinlowsecondaryforests,plantations,andevencityparks.Clearly,glidinganimalsdonotrequiretalltreesfortheiractivities.Inaddition,manyglidinganimalsbegintheirglidesfromthemiddleoftreetrunks,notevenascendingtothetopsoftreestotakeoff.

Asecondtheory,whichwemightcallthebroken-foresthypothesis,speculatesthatthetoplayeroftheforest-thetreecanopyhasfewerwoodyvinesconnectingtreecrownsinSoutheastAsianforeststhaninNewWorldandAfricanforests.Asaresult,animalsmustriskdescendingtothegroundorglidetomovebetweentrees.Inaddition,thetreecanopyispresumedtobemoreuneveninheightinAsianforests,duetothepresenceofthetalldipterocarptreeswithlowertreesbetweenthem,againfavoringglidinganimals.Yetecologistswhoworkindifferentregionsoftheworldobservetremendouslocalvariationintreeheight,canopystructure,andabundanceofvines,dependingonthesiteconditionsofsoil,climate,slopeelevation,andlocaldisturbance.OnecanfindmanylocationsinSoutheastAsiawherethereareabundantwoodyvinesandnumerousconnectionsbetweentreesandsimilarlymanyAmazonianforestswithfewwoodyvines.

Afinaltheorydiffersfromtheothersinsuggestingthatitisthepresenceofdipterocarptreesthemselvesthatisdrivingtheevolutionofglidingspecies.(A)Accordingtothisview.Dipterocarpforestscanbefood-desertsfortheanimalsthatliveinthem.(B)Theanimalslivingindipterocarpforeststhathaveevolvedglidingconsistoftwomainfeedinggroups:leafeatersandcarnivoresthatcatsmallpreysuchasinsectsandsmallvertebrates.(C)Forleaf-eatinggliderstheproblemisnottheabsenceofanyleavesbutthedesert-likeabsenceofedibleleaves.Dipterocarptreesoftenaccountfor50percentormoreofthetotalnumberofcanopytreesinaforestandover95percentofthelargetrees,yetdipterocarpleavesareunavailabletomostvertebrateplanteatersbecauseofthehighconcentrationoftoxicchemicalsintheirleaves.(D)Manyspeciesofglidinganimalsavoideatingdipterocarpleavesandsomusttravelwidelythroughtheforest,bypassingthedipterocarptrees,tofindtheleavestheyneedtoeat.Andglidingisamoreefficientmanneroftravelingbetweentreesthandescendingtothegroundandwalkingorelsejumpingbetweentrees.

Manycarnivorousanimalsalsomayneedtosearchmorewidelyforfoodduetothelowerabundanceofinsectsandotherprey.Thisiscausedbydipterocarp’irregularfloweringandfruitingcyclesoftwo-toseven-yearintervals,causingascarcityoftheflowers,fruits,seeds,andseedlingsthatarethestartingpointofsomanyfoodchains.Thelowerabundanceofpreyindipterocarpforestsforcesanimalssuchaslizardsandgeckostomovebetweentreecrownsinsearchoffood,withglidingbeingthemostefficientmeans.

61.Accordingtoparagraph1,whatquestionaboutglidingspeciesareresearcherstryingtoanswer?

62.Accordingtoparagraph1,itisgenerallythoughtthattheabilitytoglideisusefultoforest-dwellingspeciesbecausegliding______.

63.Theword“scattered”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto______.

64.Allofthefollowingarementionedinparagraph2insupportofthetall-treeshypothesisEXCFPT:______.

65.SelecttheTWOanswerchoicesthatpointtoflawsinthetall-treehypothesis,accordingtoparagraph2.Toreceivecredit,youmustSelectTWOanswers.

问题1选项

A.WhyittookmillionsofyearsforglidinganimalstoevolveinthetropicalforestsofSoutheastAsia.

B.Whyglidinganimals,thoughrareinmosttropicalforests,haveevolvedinsomanydifferentfamiliesinSoutheastAsia.

C.WhyglidinganimalevolvedinmanytropicalforestsinSoutheastAsiabeforetheyevolvedinanyofthetropicalforestselsewhereintheworld.

D.Whyglidinganimalsevolvedonlyintropicalrainforests.

问题2选项

A.allowsthemtoadapttoawidevarietyofforestconditions

B.eliminatestheneedtotravellongdistancesinsearchoffood

C.providesarapid,energy-efficientwayofdescendingfromthetopofatreetotheground

D.enablesthemtomovethroughtheforestwithoutbeingexposedtopredatorsontheground

问题3选项

A.hardtofind

B.seasonallyavailable

C.widelyseparated

D.highlyvaried

问题4选项

A.Talltreesmakelongerglidespossible.

B.Talltreesmakebuildingupspeedinadivepossible.

C.Talltreesmakeglidingfromthemiddleoftreetrunkspossible.

D.Tall-treeforestshavelowerwindspeeds.

问题5选项

A.Manyglidinganimalsareunabletoascendtothetopsoftalltrees.

B.GlidinganimalsarenotevenlydistributedthroughouttheforestsoftheSoutheastAsianregion.

C.InSoutheastAsia,manyglidinganimalsarcfoundinplaceswheretreestendtoberelativelyshort.

D.Manyglidinganimalsbegintheirglidesfrompositionsmidwayupthetrunksoftrees.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:C、D

【解析】61.细节判断题。题干意思是“根据第一段，研究人员试图回答关于滑翔物种的什么问题？”。根据第一段中的一个问题Whatcouldbetheexplanationforthegreatdiversityinthisregionandthescarcityofsuchanimalsinothertropicalforests?（如何解释这一地区的物种多样性和其他热带雨林中此类动物的稀缺？），由此可推断，文章第一段想要回答的内容是：尽管其他热带雨林中滑翔动物稀缺，但是为什么在东南亚热带雨林中会衍生出许多滑翔物种呢？故B项“为什么滑翔动物，虽然在大多数热带森林很罕见，在东南亚有这么多不同的家族进化”符合题意。A项“为什么滑翔动物花了数百万年才在东南亚的热带森林中进化”，第一段没有提到滑翔物种进化的时间；C项“为什么滑翔动物在世界其他地方的热带森林中进化之前就在东南亚的许多热带森林中进化”表述与原文不符；D项“为什么滑翔动物只在热带雨林中进化”表述错误，文章第一段指出的是滑翔动物在大多数热带雨林中都稀缺。因此，该题选择B项正确。

62.细节事实题。题干意思是“根据第一段，人们普遍认为滑翔能力对居住在森林里的物种是有用的，因为滑翔……”。根据第一段倒数第二句Glidinghasgenerallybeenviewedaseitherameansofescapingpredators,byallowinganimalstomovebetweentreeswithoutdescendingtotheground,orasanenergeticallyefficientwayoftravelinglongdistancesbetweenscatteredresources.（滑翔通常被认为是一种躲避捕食者的方法，因为它可以让动物在树间移动而不会落到地面上，或者是一种在分散的资源之间进行长距离运动的高效能量的方式）可知，滑翔可以使动物躲避捕食者，D项“使它们能够在森林中穿行而不暴露于地面上的捕食者”正确。A项“允许它们适应各种各样的森林条件”没有提及；B项“消除了长途跋涉寻找食物的需要”和C项“提供了一个快速、节能的方式从树的顶部下降到地面”不符合原文。因此，该题选择D项正确。

63.语义推测题。题干意思是“‘scattered’一词在文章中的意思最接近……”。scattered一词出现在第一段第三句byallowinganimalstomovebetweentreeswithoutdescendingtotheground,orasanenergeticallyefficientwayoftravelinglongdistancesbetweenscatteredresources（让动物在树间移动而不会落到地面上，或者是一种在分散的资源之间进行长距离运动的高效能量的方式），scatter本义是“使分散，使散开”；根据原文语境推断，这里的意思是“滑翔作为一种省力有效的方式能够使动物在分散的丛林中长途跋涉”，故C项“广泛的分散”符合题意。A项“很难找到”、B项“季节性”和D项“高度多样性”都不正确。因此，该题选择C项正确。

64.细节判断题。题干意思是“在第二段中提到了所有支持‘高大树木假说’的内容，除了……”。根据第二段第四句Tallertreescouldallowforlongerglidesandtheopportunitytobuildupspeedinadivebeforegliding.（树木越高，滑翔的时间越长，在滑翔之前就有机会提高速度）和第五句Thelowerwindspeedsintall-treeforestsmightalsocontributebyprovidingamoreadvantageoussituationforglidingbetweentrees.（高树森林中较低的风速也可能为树木之间的滑翔提供了更有利的条件）可推断，A项“高大的树木使更长时间的滑翔成为可能”、B项“高大的树木使在俯冲中加速成为可能”和D项“高大的森林有较低的风速”都是支持“高大树木假说”的内容；在第二段最后两句提到了“高大树木假说”的不足之处，Clearly,glidinganimalsdonotrequiretalltreesfortheiractivities.Inaddition,manyglidinganimalsbegintheirglidesfromthemiddleoftreetrunks,notevenascendingtothetopsoftreestotakeoff.（显然，滑翔动物的活动不需要高大的树木；此外，许多滑翔动物从树干中间开始滑翔，甚至不爬到树顶起飞），所以C项“高大的树使从树干中间滑行成为可能”是不支持“高大树木假说”。因此，该题选择C项正确。

65.细节推断题。题干意思是“根据第二段，选择两项有关‘高大树木假说’这一理论的不足的描述；要获得分，您必须选择两个答案”。根据题干定位到文章第二段，第二段后半部分讲述了“高大树木假说”的不足：First,glidinganimalsarefoundthroughouttheSoutheastAsianregion,eveninrelativelyshort-statureforestsfoundinthenorthernrangeoftherainforestinChina,Vietnam,andThailand.Someglidersalsothriveinlowsecondaryforests,plantations,andevencityparks.Clearly,glidinganimalsdonotrequiretalltreesfortheiractivities.Inaddition,manyglidinganimalsbegintheirglidesfromthemiddleoftreetrunks,notevenascendingtothetopsoftreestotakeoff.（首先，整个东南亚地区都有滑翔动物，甚至在中国、越南和泰国热带雨林北部的相对矮小的森林中也有。一些滑翔动物也在低矮的次生林、种植园甚至城市公园中茁壮成长。显然，滑翔动物的活动不需要高大的树木。此外，许多滑翔动物从树干中间开始滑翔，甚至不爬到树顶起飞。）由此可得出这一不足之处有两点：第一是在东南亚地区许多滑翔动物被发现生活在树木相对较矮的丛林里，第二是许多滑翔动物不一定爬到树木的顶端开始滑翔，有些也可以从树木的树干中间位置开始滑翔。故C项“在东南亚，许多滑翔动物在树木相对较矮的地方被发现”和D项“许多滑翔动物从树干中间的位置开始滑翔”是正确的。A项“许多能滑翔的动物不能爬到高高的树顶”，第二段没有提到滑翔动物不能爬到高高的树顶，这是无中生有；B项“滑翔动物在东南亚地区的森林中分布不均匀”，这与原文不符，原文提到“整个东南亚地区都有滑翔动物”。因此，该题选择C项和D项正确。

2.单选题

Thereissomediscrepancybetweenhisexplanationofthetheoryandyours.

问题1选项

A.distinction

B.discredit

C.disparity

D.disjunction

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项distinction“区别”；B选项discredit“怀疑”；C选项disparity“不一致”；D选项disjunction“分离”。句意：他对这个理论的解释和你的不一致。划线部分discrepancy是不一致的意思。因此C选项正确。

3.单选题

Lastmonth,MarsandEarthwereattheclosestpointsintheir（）orbits.Thedistancebetweenthetwoworldswas68millionkilometers.

问题1选项

A.identical

B.respective

C.rigid

D.reverse

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。identical"恒一的,完全相同的";respective"各自的,分别的";rigid"严格的,僵硬的";reverse"反面的"。句意：上个月火星和地球在各自轨道上的距离最近,两个世界之间的距离是6800万公里。选项B符合句意。

4.单选题

Overthelast25years,Britishsocietyhaschangedagreatdealoratleastmanypartsofithave.Insomeways,however,verylittleliaschanged,particularlywhereattitudesareconcerned.Ideasaboutsocialclass—whetherapersonis"working-class"or"middle-class"—isoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow.

Inthepast,theworking-classtendedtobepaidlessthanmiddle-classpeople,suchasteachersanddoctors.Asaresultofthisandalsoofthefactthatworkers’jobsweregenerallymuchlesssecure,distinctdifferencesinlife-stylesandattitudescameintoexistence.ThetypicalworkingmanwouldcollecthiswagesonFridayeveningandthen,itwaswidelybelieved,havinggivenhiswifeher"housekeeping",wouldgooutandsquandertherestonbeerandbetting.

Thestereotypeofwhatamiddle-classmandidwithhismoneywasperhapsnearerthetruth.Hewasandstillisinclinedtotakealonger-termview.Notonlydidheregardbuyingahouseasanimportantthing,buthealsoconsideredtheeducationofhischildrenasextremelyimportant.Bothoftheseprovidedhimandhisfamilywithsecurity.Onlyinveryfewcasesdidworkershavetheopportunity(ortheeducationandtraining)tomakesuchlong-termplans.

Nowadays,agreatdealhaschanged.Inalargenumberofcasesfactoryworkersearnasmuch,ifnotmore,thantheirmiddle-classsupervisors.Socialsecurityandlaws,combinedwithageneralriseinthestandardoflivingsincethemid-fiftiesofthe20thcentury,havemadeitlessnecessarythanbeforetoworryabout"tomorrow".Working-classpeopleseemslowlytobelosingthefeelingofinferioritytheyhadinthepast.Infacttherehasbeenagrowingtendencyinthepastfewyearsforthemiddle-classestofeelslightlyashamedoftheirposition.

Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople.Theygenerallytendtoshareverysimilartastesinmusicandclothes,theyspendtheirmoneyinhavingagoodtime,andsaveforholidaysorlonger-termplanswhennecessary.Thereseemstobemuchlessdifferencethaninpreviousgenerations.Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid(whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave)andthelow-paid.Aslongasthisgapexists,therewillalwaysbeapossibilitythatnewconflictsandjealousieswillemerge,orratherthattheoldconflictswillre-appear,butbetweendifferentgroups.

1.Whichofthefollowingisseenasthecauseofclassdifferencesinthepast?

2.Thewriterseemstosuggestthatthedescriptionof（）isclosertotruth?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisnotatypicalfeatureofthemiddleclass?

4.Working-classpeople'ssenseofsecurityincreasedasaresultofallthefollowingfactorsexcept?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisincorrect?

问题1选项

A.lifestyleandoccupation

B.Attitudeandincome

C.incomeandjobsecurity

D.jobsecurityandhobbies

问题2选项

A.middle-classwaysofspendingmoney

B.working-classwaysofspendingtheweekend

C.working-classdrinkinghabits

D.middle-classattitudes

问题3选项

A.desiringforsecurity

B.Makinglongtermplans

C.havingprioritiesinlife

D.savingmoney

问题4选项

A.bettersocialsecurity

B.morejobopportunities

C.higherlivingstandard

D.betterlegalprotection.

问题5选项

A.ChangesareslowlytakingplaceinallsectorsoftheBritishsociety.

B.Thegapbetweenworking-classandmiddle-classyoungpeopleisnarrowing.

C.differenceinincomewillremainbutthoseinoccupationwilldisappear.

D.middle-classpeoplemaysometimesfeelinferiortoworking-classpeople.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。第二段指出:Inthepast,theworking-classtendedtobepaidlessthanmiddle-classpeople,suchasteachersanddoctors.Asaresultofthisandalsoofthefactthatworkers’jobsweregenerallymuchlesssecure,distinctdifferencesinlife-stylesandattitudescameintoexistence(过去，工人阶级的工资往往低于中产阶级，如教师和医生。由于这一点，也由于工人的工作普遍不太稳定，生活方式和态度出现了明显的差异),因此选C“收入和工作稳定”。

2.细节事实题。第三段指出:Thestereotypeofwhatamiddle-classmandidwithhismoneywasperhapsnearerthetruth(中产阶级花钱的旧模式或许更接近真实),因此A项“中产阶级花钱的方式”正确。

3.细节事实题。A:渴望安全,C:在生活中有优先考虑的事情,第三段指出:Notonlydidheregardbuyingahouseasanimportantthing,buthealsoconsideredtheeducationofhischildrenasextremelyimportant.Bothoftheseprovidedhimandhisfamilywithsecurity(他(中产阶级)不仅将买房子看成是一件重要的事情，且他还认为自己孩子的教育非常重耍。这两个方而为他和自己的家庭提供了安全),因此A和C属于中产阶级的典型特点。B:制定长远的计划,由第三段“Hewasandstillisinclinedtotakealonger-termview(他（即中产阶级）过去且现在仍然倾向于去采取更长远的观点)”可知B项属于中产阶级的典型特点。只有D项“攒钱”没提及,故选D。

4.细节事实题。A:更好的社会保障,B:更多的工作机会,C:更高的生活水平,D:更好的法律保护,第三段指出:Socialsecurityandlaws,combinedwithageneralriseinthestandardoflivingsincethemid-fiftiesofthe20thcentury,havemadeitlessnecessarythanbeforetoworryabout"tomorrow"(社会保障和法律，以及20世纪以来生活水平的普遍提高，让大家相比以前更没有必要去担心‘明天’),故A、C、D属于导致工人阶级安全感提升的因素。B项文章未提及。

5.细节事实题。A:英国社会的各个方面都正在发生缓慢变化,第一段指出:Overthelast25years,Britishsocietyhaschangedagreatdealoratleastmanypartsofithave.Insomeways,however,verylittlehaschanged,particularlywhereattitudesareconcerned(过去25年里，英国社会发生了很大变化或至少它的很多方而发生了很大的变化，但有些方而却没什么变化),因此A项与原文不符。B:工人阶级和中产阶级年轻人之间的差距正在缩小,由最后一段“Thechangesinbothlife-stylesandattitudesareprobablymosteasilyseenamongstyoungerpeople(（工人阶级与中产阶级）在生活方式和态度上的改变可能最容易在年轻人身上被看到)”可知B与原文相符。C:收人差异将仍然存在，但是在职业上的那些差异将会消失,最后一段指出:Nevertheless,westillhaveawidegapbetweenthewell-paid（whateverthetypeofjobtheymayhave）andthelow-paid(然而，我们在收入高的人（无论他们可能有的工作种类是什么）和收人差的人之间仍然将会有大的落差),因此C与原文相符。D:中产阶级有时感觉不如工人阶级,第四段指出:Infacttherehasbeenagrowingtendencyinthepastfewyearsforthemiddle-classestofeelslightlyashamedoftheirposition(实际上，在过去数年里中产阶级为自己的位置感到有些羞愧的倾向在不断增加),因此D项与原文相符。故答案选A。

5.单选题

Manypeoplethinkofdesertsas（

）regions,butnumerousspeciesofplantsandanimalshaveadaptedtolifethere.

问题1选项

A.barren

B.void

C.virgin

D.wretched

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。barren意为“贫瘠的，荒凉的，不毛的”；void意为“无效的，空的”；virgin意为“未开发的，原始状态的”；wretched意为“不幸的，悲惨的”。

句意：许多人认为沙漠是不毛之地，但许多动植物已经适应了那里的生活。

6.单选题

Don’t（meddle）inmyaffairs,andinfactIcanhandlethemproperlybymyself.

问题1选项

A.interfere

B.interest

C.involve

D.attend

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。meddle表示“干涉，管闲事”；A项interfere“干涉，妨碍”，B项interest“感兴趣”，C项involve“包含，牵涉”，D项attend“参加”。句意：不要干涉我的事情，事实上我自己能处理得很好。根据句意可知，该题选择A项正确。

7.翻译题

与你的个人外表和自我态度一样，你做生意的方式也可以使客户产生良好的印象。当拜访客户时，很重要的一点是谈话开门见山。他并不会真的对你所谈论的天气情况，前一天晚上的总统演说，或是星期天的橄榄球赛感兴趣。他也不会对你夸奖他的西装好看，和墙上的照片中他女儿的模样令人倾倒感兴趣。这样的闲聊是一种不真诚的表现形式，而且侵占了他的时间。我一直认为直截了当是最有效的，因此我向你保证任何一个商人都会因为你能这样做而对你尊重有加。

正如外表决定了人的第一印象，外表也同样决定了产品、地点以及公司的第一印象。

比方说，你也许注意到了生意兴隆饭店的泊车服务生会把劳斯莱斯、奔驰、凯迪拉克等汽车停在最显眼的位置，这样你在走向饭店门口的时候一定会看到它们。我过去以为这么做是因为有钱人给了更多的消费，但真实的原因是每个成功的饭店经营者都懂得良好的形象能推销食品。他想告诉公众：我们招待的是懂格调的客人。因此，很明显，我们的食物一定是精心烹饪的。

一个干净整洁的外表也表示你讲效率有条理——我所知道的公司无不希望拥有这样的形象。如果你曾经走进过汽车维修站一间干净而整齐的车库，我确信你会和我一样，认为把车留在那里进行维护感觉更舒服一些。

【答案】Justlikeyourpersonalappearanceandattitude,themanneryouadoptindoingbusinesscanalsomakeagoodimpressiononyourcustomers.Whenvisitingclients,it’simportanttogetrighttothepoint.He’snotreallyinterestedintheweatheryou’retalkingabout,thePresident’sspeechthenightbefore,orSunday’sfootballgame.Hewon’tbeinterestedinyoucomplimentinghimonhissuitorthewayhisdaughterlooksinthepicturesonthewall.Suchsmalltalkwasaformofinsincerityandencroachedonhistime.Ihavealwaysbelievedthatitismosteffectivetobedirect,soIcanassureyouthatanybusinessmanwillrespectyouforbeingabletodoso.

Justasappearancedeterminesaperson’sfirstimpression,appearancealsodeterminestheproduct,placeandcompany’sfirstimpression.

Forexample,youmayhavenoticedthattheparkingattendantsatathrivingrestaurantparkrollsRoyce,MercedesBenz,Cadillacandothercarsinthemostprominentlocations,sothatyouaresuretoseethemwhenyouwalktothedooroftherestaurant.Iusedtothinkitwasbecauserichpeoplegavethemmoremoney,buttherealreasonisthateverysuccessfulrestaurateurknowsthatgoodlookssellfood.Hewantedtotellthepublic:we’reentertainingstyle-consciousguests.Therefore,itisobviousthatourfoodmustbecarefullycooked.

Acleanandtidyappearancealsoindicatesthatyouareefficientandorganized—animagethateverycompanyIknowwouldliketohave.Ifyou’veeverwalkedintoaclean,tidygarageinagarage,I’msureyou’llagreewithmethatitfeelsbettertoleaveyourcarthereformaintenance.

8.翻译题

residentialarea,leavesofblackbarrier,plaque,arch

二大门

二大门建于1909年，是清华大学的老校门。1933年，校园扩大，西区住宅区延伸，（同时）新校门修建（即现在的西校门）。梁实秋在清华大学读书的时候，这样描述它的老校门：清华大学的老校门由灰砖砌成，复以白漆，笼罩在淡淡的乳白色中，与总是半开着的两扇黑色棚栏相映衬。

在拱形大门的横匾上刻着三个醒目的中国字“清华园”，为清朝末期一个叫作那同的达官所书写。大门在文化革命初期被损毁，直到1991年才重新修复。

【答案】TheSecondGate,builtin1909,istheoldgateofTsinghuaUniversity.In1933,thecampuswasexpanded,theWestSideresidentialareawasextended,andthenewschoolgate(nowtheWestGate)wasbuilt.

WhenLiangShiqiuwasastudentatTsinghuaUniversity,hedescribeditsoldgatethisway:TheoldgateofTsinghuaUniversitywasbuiltofgreybrick,cladinwhitepaint,andenvelopedinapalemilkywhite,setoffbytwoleavesofblackbarrierthatwerealwayshalfopen.

OnthehorizontalplaqueofthearchedgatearethreestrikingChinesecharacters“QingHuaYuan”,writtenbyanofficialnamedNatonginthelateQingDynasty.ThegatewasdamagedatthebeginningoftheCulturalRevolutionandwasnotrestoreduntil1991.

9.单选题

He（）incourtthathehadseentheprisonerrunoutofthebankafterithadbeenrobbed.

问题1选项

A.justified

B.witnessed

C.testified

D.identified

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A选项justify“证明合法，证明……是正当的”；B选项witness“目击，证明，为……作证”；C选项testify“作证，证明”；D选项identify“确定，鉴定，识别”。四个选项都可以表示“作证，证明”，但testifyincourt是固定用法，表示“出庭作证”，所以选项C正确。

10.单选题

OnJanuary,11th,2009,aremarkablelegalcaseopensinaSanFranciscocourtroom—onitsway,itseemsalmostcertain,totheSupremeCourt.Perryv.SchwarzeneggerchallengestheconstitutionalityofProposition8,theCaliforniareferendumthat,inNovember,2008,overturnedaStateSupremeCourtdecisionallowingsame-sexcouplestomarry.Itsleadlawyersareunlikelyallies:TheodoreB.Olson,theformersolicitorgeneralunderPresidentGeorgeW.Bush,andaprominentconservative;andDavidBoies,theDemocratictriallawyerwhowashisopposingcounselinBushv.Gore.Thetwoaremountinganambitiouscasethatpointedlycircumventstheincremental,narrowlycraftedlegalgambitsandthecarefulstate-by-statestrategythatleadinggay-rightsorganizationshavechampionedinthefightformarriageequality.TheOlsonBoiesteamhopesforarulingthatwilltransformthelegalandsociallandscapenationwide,somethingontheorderofBrownv.BoardofEducationin1954,orLovingv.Virginiathelandmark1967SupremeCourtrulingthatinvalidatedlawsprohibitinginterracialmarriage.

Olson’sinterestinthiscasehaspuzzledquiteafewpeople.What’sinitforhim?Ishesincere?DoeshereallythinkhecanswaythecurrentCourse?ButwhenIspokewithOlson,whoissixty-nine,inearlyDecember,hesoundedconfidentandimpassioned;thecaseclearlyfascinatedhimbothasanintellectualchallengeandasawaytomakehistory.“Thelovingcasewasforty-twoyearsago.”hesaid,perchedontheedgeofhischairinthelawofficesofGibson,Dunn&CrutcherinWashingtonDC,whereheisapartner,“It’sinconceivabletoustheredaystosaythatacoupleofadifferentracialbackgroundcan’tgetmarried.”Olsonworeabrightlystripedshirtandapaisleytie,withoutajacket;therewassomethingfolksyinhisspeech,whichremindedmethathe’saWesterner,whogrewupandwaseducatedinNorthernCalifornia.Hesaid,“Separateisnotequal.Civilunionsanddomesticpartnershipsarenotthesameasmarriage.We’renotinventinganynewright,orcreatinganewright,oraskingthecourtstorecognizeanewright.TheSupremeCourthassaidoverandoverandoveragainthatmarriagesisafundamentalrightandalthoughouropponentssay,‘Well,that’salwaysbeeninvolvingamanandawoman.’WhentheSupremeCourthastalkedaboutitthey’vesaidit’sanassociationalright,it’salibertyright,it’saprivacyright,andit’sanexpressionofyouridentity,whichisallwrappedupintheConstitution.”TheJusticesoftheSupremeCourt,Olsonsaid,“areindividualswhowillconsiderthisseriously,andgiveitgoodattention,”andhewasoptimisticthathecouldpersuadethem.(ThelosingsideinSanFranciscowilllikelyappealtotheNinthCircuit,andfromtherethecasecouldproceedtotheSupremeCourt.)Olson’sself-assurancehasasoundbasis:hehasarguedfifty-sixcasesbeforethehighcourt—hewasoneofthebusiestlawyersbeforetheSupremeCourtbenchlastyear—andprevailedinforty-fourofthem.JusticesSandraDayO’ConnorandAnthonyKennedyattendedhisweddingthreeyearsago,inNapa.Olsonsaidthathewantedthegay-marriagecasetobea“teachingopportunity,sopeoplewilllistentoustalkabouttheimportanceoftreatingpeoplewithdignityandrespectandequalityandaffectionandloveandtostopdiscriminatingagainstpeopleonthebasisofsexualorientation”.

IfthePerrycasesucceedsbeforetheSupremeCourt,itcouldmeanthatgaymarriagewouldbepermittednotonlyinCaliforniabutineverystate.And,iftheCourtrecognizedhomosexualsasindistinguishablefromheterosexualsforthepurposesofmarriagelaw,itwouldbehard,ifnotimpossible,toupholdanyotherlawsthatdiscriminatedagainstpeopleonthebasisofsexualorientation.

However,alossforOlsonandBoiescouldbeamajorsetbacktothemovementformarriageequality.SoonafterOlsonandBoiesfiledthecase,lastMay,someleadinggay-rightsorganizations—amongthemtheA.C.L.U.,HumanRightsCampaign,LambdaLegal,andtheNationalCenterforlesbianRights—issuedastatementcondemningsuchefforts.Theoddsofsuccessforasuitweren’tgood,thegroupssaid,becausethe“SupremeCourttypicallydoesnotgettoofaraheadofeitherpublicopinionorthelawinthemajorityofstates.”Thelegalprecedentthatthesegroupswerefocusedonwasn’tLovingv.Virginiabut,rather,Bowersv.Hardwick,the1936SupremeCourtdecisionthatstunnedgay-rightsadvocatesbyupholdingGeorgia’santiquatedlawagainstsodomy.ItwasseventeenyearsbeforetheCourtwaswillingtorevisittheissue,inLawrencev.Texas,thoughbythenonlythirteenstatesstillhadanti-sodomystatutes;thistime,theCourtoverturnedthelaws,witha6-3voteandanacerbicdissentfromJusticeAntoninScalia,whodeclaredthattheCourthadaligneditselfwiththe“homosexualagenda,”adding,“ManyAmericansdonotwantpersonswhoopenlyengageinhomosexualconductaspartnersintheirbusiness,asscoutmastersfortheirchildren,asteachersintheirchildren’sschools,orasboardersintheirhome.Theyviewthisasprotectingthemselvesandtheirfamiliesfromalifestylethattheybelievetobeimmoralanddestructive.”

Seventeenyearswasalongtimetowait.“Alossnowmaymakeithardertogotocourtlater,”theactivists’statementread.“ItwilltakeusalotlongertogetagoodSupremeCourtdecisioniftheCourthastooverruleitself.”Besides,thegroupsargued,“WelosttherighttomarryinCaliforniaattheballotbox.That’swhereweneedtowinitback.”Plentyofgay-marriagesupportersagreedthatitwassmartertowaituntilthemovementhadbeensuccessfulinmorestates—and,possibly,thecompositionoftheSupremeCourthadshifted.(DuringthelastyearofasecondObamaterm,Scaliawouldbeeighty-one.)

1.ThefirstsentenceofParagraph1means（）.

2.Theword“unlikely”inthesentence“ItsleadlawyersareunlikelyalliesofParagraph1means（）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

4.Someleadinggay-rightsorganizationsdidnotsupportthecasebecause（）.

5.Themostsuitabletitleofthepassagewouldbe（）

问题1选项

A.theSanFranciscocourtcannotmakethefinaldecision

B.onlytheSupremeCourthastheauthoritytorulefororagainstthecase

C.it’sveryhardtowinthecaseforsame-sexmarriageintheSanFranciscocourtandprobablytheywouldhavetofieldthecaseintheS