一般现在时-一般过去式和现在进行时知识点和练习题

...wd......wd......wd...一般现在时用法及练习题一、用法：1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。二、构成：1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，三单变化：多数在动词后加s

，play—plays

like—likes以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es

go—goes

wash—washes，以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es，fly—flies

。第三，我的变化--否认句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句：1.be动词的变化。否认句：主语+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?2.行为动词的变化。否认句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否认句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?同学们需要掌握的一般现在时第三人称单数形式：Lives,teaches,goes,watches,reads,does,works,does,doesn’t一般过去式及练习一、基本概念一般过去时(simplepasttense)表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格。二、基本构造主语+动词过去式+其他否认形式①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时复原行为动词一般疑问句Did+主语+do+其他例句Sheoftencametohelpusinthosedays.Ididn'tknowyouweresobusy.一般过去式的构成形式肯定式疑问式否认式疑问否认式IworkedDidIwork?IdidnotworkDidInotwork?He(she,it)workedDidhe(she,it)work?He(she,it)didnotworkDidhe(she,it)notwork?WeworkedDidwework?WedidnotworkDidwenotwork?YouworkedDidyouwork?YoudidnotworkDidyounotwork?TheyworkedDidtheywork?TheydidnotworkDidtheynotwork?三、一般过去时的用法(1)一般过去时表示在过去某个特定时间发生，也可以表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作。一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响，只说明过去的事情。句式：主语+过去动词+宾语+其他如：IhadawordwithJuliathismorning.今天早晨，我跟朱丽亚说了几句话。Hesmokedmanycigarettesadayuntilhegaveup.他没有戒烟的那阵子，抽烟抽得可凶了。一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday,lastweek,in1993,atthattime,once,duringthewar,before,afewdaysago,when等等。补充内容：〔句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时，取决于动作是否对现在有影响。Haveyouhadyourlunch?你吃过午饭了吗〔你现在不饿吗〕Yes,Ihave.是的，我已经吃过了。〔已经吃饱了，不想再吃了。〕Whendidyouhaveit?你是什么时候吃的〔关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。〕Ihaditabouttenminutesago.我大约是十分钟以前吃的。〕Usedtodosomething表示过去常做而现在已经停顿了的习惯动作。Iusedtoworkfourteenhoursaday.我过去常常一天干十四个小时。Iateitat6：45。我在六点四十五分吃了。注意：1、带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时如：yesterday〔昨天〕、twodaysago…〔两天前……〕、lastyear…〔去年…〕、theotherday〔前几天〕、onceuponatime〔很久以前〕、justnow〔刚刚〕、intheolddays〔过去的日子里〕、beforeliberation〔解放前…〕、WhenIwas8yearsold〔当我八岁时…〕、at+一个时间点Didyouhaveapartytheotherday前几天，你们开了晚会了吗LeiFengwasagoodsoldier.雷锋是个好战士。另外，在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。2、表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。Theboyopenedhiseyesforamoment，lookedatthecaptain，andthendied.那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。3、表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作，常与always，never等连用。Mrs.Peteralwayscarriedanumbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。〔只是说明她过去的动作，不说明她现在是否常带着伞。〕比较Mrs.Peteralwayscarriesanumbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞。〔说明这是她的习惯，说明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞〕Mrs.Peterisalwayscarryinganumbrella.彼得太太总是带着一把伞。〔表示说话者对这一动作或行为厌烦〕Ineverdrankwine.我以前从不喝酒。〔不涉及到现在，不说明现在是否喝酒〕如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用usedtodo(过去常常做，而现在不那样做了)Heusedtodrink.他过去喝酒。〔意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了〕Iusedtotakeawalkinthemorning.我过去是在早晨散步。〔意味着现在不在早晨散步了〕比较：Itookawalkinthemorning.我曾经在早晨散过步。〔只是说明过去这一动作〕5、有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时，这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！Idon'tknowyouwereinParis.我不知道你在巴黎。〔因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：ButnowIknowyouarehere.〕Ithinkyouwereill.我以为你病了呢。〔这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病〕四、一般过去时谓语局部的构成1．Be动词的一般过去时态.在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词，amis的过去式为was;are的过去式为were.构成：肯定句：主语+was(were)+表语如：Iwaslateyesterday.〔昨天我迟到了。〕否认句：主语+was(were)+not+表语如：Weweren'tlateyesterday.(我们昨天没迟到)疑问句：Was(Were)+主语+表语如：Wereyouillyesterday?〔你昨天病了吗〕肯定答复：Yes,Iwas.(是的，我病了。)否认句：No,Iwasn't.(不，我没病。)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was(were)+主语+表语如：Whenwereyouborn?你是什么时候出生的实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否认句和疑问句要使用助动词do和does的过去式did.肯定句为：主语+动词过去式+宾语如：Iwenthomeatnineo'clockyesterday.〔我昨天九点钟回的家。〕否认句：主语+didn't+动词原形+宾语如：Ididn'tgohomeyesterday.(我昨天没回家。)疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+宾语如：Didyougohomeyesterday?(你昨天回家了吗)肯定答复：Yes,Idid.(是的，我回了。)否认答复：No,Ididn't.(不，我没回家。)3．助动词和情态动词过去式如下：shall―should〔将要〕用于第一人称单数will―would〔将要〕用于所有人称can—could〔能，会〕may―might〔可以〕must―must〔必须〕haveto―hadto〔不得不〕助动词和情态动词的过去时态要使用他们的过去式，后面的动词还使用原形。如：Ihadtodomyhomeworkyesterday.(昨天我不得不做作业。)一般过去时讲解一般过去时也叫单纯过去时。例A：Heworkedveryhardlastyear.〔去年他很用功。〕例B：Mr.Smithboughtanewcaryesterday.〔史密斯先生昨天买了一辆新车。〕例C：Theywerehereonlyafewminutesago.〔几分钟前他们还在这里。〕一般过去时的用法如下：一般过去时最明显的现象就是常由表达过去之时间的副词或副词短语来修饰它〔如各例句的斜体字局部〕。这些常用于修饰一般过去时的副词有：yesterday,yesterdaymorning〔afternoon,evening〕,justnow〔刚刚〕,before〔以前〕,then〔atthattime〕〔当时〕,last+时间〔如lastweek,month,year,Monday,…January,…spring,…,etc.〕,that+时间〔如thatday,afternoon,summer,…,etc.〕,时间+ago〔如afewminutesago,twoweeksago,yearsago,…etc.〕“过去〞的概念并不是只指如“yesterday,lastweek,…〞等，实际上“与现在对立的过去〞，亦即“非现在的以前〞，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前〞，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在〞形成对立，就必须使用一般过去时来表达。例如：Hewashereonlyafewminutesago.〔仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。〕Icamehomejustnow.〔我刚回到家。〕五、特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?六、动词过去式变化规那么：1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4．以“辅音字母+y〞结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5．不规那么动词过去式〔详见书本〕现在进展时现在进展时：现在进展时表示正在发生或进展的动作。常与now，atthemoment等时间状语连用。其基本构造：be(is/am/are)+v-ing。例：Heissleepingatthemoment.表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进展的动作。例：IamstudyinginDatunHighSchool.Theyareworkinginafactorythesedays.某些动词的现在进展时可表将来。例：WearegoingtoBeijingthisafternoon.Thebusiscoming.表示经常、反复发生的动作，常与always，continually，constantly，forever等连用，常表示厌烦、不满和赞扬等情感。例：Heisalwaysworkinguntilmidnight.〔赞扬〕Theyareforeverquarrellingaboutsomething.〔不满〕动词v-ing的构成形式：规那么原形-ing形式一般在动词原形末尾加-ingwashcatchstaywashingcatchingstaying以不发音的字母e结尾的动词。先去掉e，再加-ingmaketakegivemakingtakinggiving以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写这个字母，再加-ingsitgetbeginsittinggettingbeginning以ie结尾的单词，改ie为y，再加-ingliedietielyingdyingtying练习一般现在时练习I.Choosetherightanswerstocloze.用括号内适当的形式填空。1.Weoften(play)intheplayground.2.

He(get)upatsixo’clock.3.

you(brush)yourteetheverymorning.4.What

(do)heusually(do)afterschool?5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6.Mikesometimes__________(go)totheparkwithhissister.7.

Ateightatnight,she(watch)TVwithhisparents.8.Mike(read)Englisheveryday?9.

Howmanylessonsyourclassmate________(have)onMonday?

10.

Whattimehismother(do)thehousework?11.Heusually_____(get)upatsixinthemorning.12.She______(have)blueseyes.13.We_______(go)toschooleveryday14.Theboy_________(like)playingfootball.15.We_______(have)noclassesonSundays.16.She________(write)tohermotheronceaweek.17.It_____(rain)quiteoftenduringthemonthofJulyeveryyear.18.Sheoften_________(watch)TVonSaturdays.19.Mikeusually_________(ride)abikewithhisfriendsinthepark.20PeterandMaryoften_______(play)badmintontogether.23.Mymother______(have)alotofcousins.21.Manypeopleoften_______(listen)totheradiointhemoring.22.______(do)she_______(like)playingtheviolin?Yes,she______(do).23.She_____(have)fourbrothers.She______(like)themverymuch.24.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.

25.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.

26.Sandyusually_______(play)thepianoonSundays.27.Thecat________(like)eatingfisheverymuch.28.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.29.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.II.Readandfillintheblanks.(选词填空)WatchesreadgoesgetseatslivesworksMyauntisanurse.Shelikesmusicverymuch.She______inabighospital.Everydayshe______upat6:30.She______breakfastat7:00.Afterbreakfastshe______toworkbybus.Sheusuallygoeshomeat5:30.Afterdinner,sheoften______TVand______books.At10:30,shegoestobed.III.Readthequestionsandcircletherightanswers.(读问题，圈出正确的答案)1.Wheredoesyourpenpallive?A.No,sheliveinthecountry.B.Sheliveinthecity.C.Shelivesinthecity.2.Whendoesshegotowork?A.Shegotoworkat7.B.Shegoestoworkat7.C.Yes,shedoes.3.DoesPetergotoschoolbysubway?A.No,hedoes.B.No,hedoesn’t.C.Yes,onfoot.4.WhatdoesMissGreendo?A.SheteachesEnglish.B.Yes,she’sateacher.C.Atschool.5.Doesshereadnewspapersatnight?A.Yes,shedo.B.Yes,shedoes.C.No,shedoes.6.What’syourpenpal’shobby?A.Shelikereading.B.Shelikeread.C.Shelikesreading.练习：1.-Whataboutthepenyouboughtyesterday?-It_____well.Ilikeitverymuch.A.waswrittenB.iswrittenC.wroteD.writes2.Thereisgoingto_____asportsmeetingnextweek.Ifit_____,we'llhavetocancelit.A.be;willrainB.have;willrainC.be;rains3.Tomisstrongandhe_____toschooleveryday.A.walkedB.walksC.willwalkD.haswalked4.-Whatwillyoudoifit_____tomorrow?-I'llstayathomeandwatchthematchonTV.A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.israining5.Everyyearmanyforeigners_____toChinatolearnChinese.A.havecomeB.comesC.cameD.come6.-Iwon'tgotobeduntiltheTVplay_____over.-You'dbetternotdothat.A.isB.wasC.willD.willbe7.Alargenumberofstudentsinthisschool_____fromthecountry.Theyworkveryhard.A.comeB.comesC.cameD.coming8.-IwonderifI_____tomorrow.-Don'tworry.Ifit_____,we'llstayathome.A.rains,rainsB.willrain,rainsC.rains,willrain9.-Whenwillyoucometoseeme,Dad?-Iwillgotoseeyouwhenyou_____thentrainingcourse.A.finishedB.finishC.arefinishingD.willfinish10.-Whatdoyoudo?-I'manengineer.I_____inacompanyinWuhan.Ilikemyjobverymuch.A.workB.hadworkedC.willworkD.worked11.-Howmuch_____theshoes?-Fivedollars_____enough.A.is;isB.are;isC.are;areD.is;are12.I'lldoitbetteriftheteacher_____meanotherchance.A.giveB.givesC.gaveD.willgive13.Inthecomingsummerholidays,myfamily_____goingtotakeaone-weektriptoQingdao.A.isB.areC.wasD.were14.Thechildrenwillclimbthehillifit_____tomorrow.A.won'trainB.didn'trainC.doesn'trainD.isn'training15.-Whentothehospital?-Whenhe_____there.I'llcallyou.A.hegoes;goesB.willhego;willgoC.hego;willhegoD.willhego;goes16.Theteachertoldusthatlight_____muchfasterthansound.A.traveledB.willtravelC.travelsD.istravelingl7.It_____twelvehourstogotoGuangzhoubytrain.A.istakingB.aregoingtotakeC.takesD.hastaken18.I'llcometoseeyouassoonasI_____back.A.willbeB.ambeingC.wasD.am19.JeanwantstogotoChinabutshe_____money.A.didn'thaveB.doesn'thavenoC.hadnoD.hasno一般过去时练习一、写出以下动词〔常考单词〕的过去式is\am_________fly_______plant________are________drink_________play_______go________make________does_________dance________worry________ask_____taste_________eat__________draw________put______throw________kick_________pass_______do________二、用be动词的适当形式填空。1.I______anEnglishteachernow.2.She_______happyyesterday.3.They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.4.HelenandNancy________goodfriends.5.Thelittledog_____twoyearsoldthisyear.6.Look,there________lotsofgrapeshere.7.There________asignonthechaironMonday.8.Today_____thesecondofJune.Yesterday______thefirstofJune.It_____Children’sDay.Allthestudents______veryexcited.二、句型转换。Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否认句：______________________________________________一般疑问句：___________肯定答复：___________否认答复：__________2Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.否认句：________________________________________________一般疑问句：___________肯定答复：___________否认答复：__________三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday.2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.3.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____(go)tothepark.4.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he______.6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.7.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.8.“What_____she_____(find)inthegardenlastmorning?〞“She____(find)abeautifulbutterfly.〞It____(be)Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday10.Weall___(have)agoodtimelastnight.He_____(jump)highonlastSportsDay.12.Shelikes______newspapers,butshe______abookyesterday.(read)13.He_______footballnow,butthey_______basketballjustnow.(play)14.Jim’smother_________(plant)treesjustnow.15.“_______they________(sweep)theflooronSunday?〞“No,they_____.〞16.I_______(watch)acartoononMonday.17.We____(go)toschoolonSunday.18.It____(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite___(go)tohisofficebycar.20.GaoShan________(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.21.Don’t______thehouse.Mum_______ityesterday.(clean)22.What____you______justnow?I_______somehousework.(do)23.They_________(make)akiteaweekago.24.Iwantto______apples.Butmydad_______allofthemlastmonth.(pick)25.“_______he______theflowersthismorning?〞“Yes,he_____.(water)〞26.She____(be)aprettygirl.Look,she_____(do)Chinesedances.27.Thestudentsoften_________(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.四、句型转换1.Itwasexciting.否认句：一般疑问句：肯、否认答复：2.Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否认句：一般疑问句：肯、否认答复：3.Theywereinhispocket.否认句：一般疑问句：肯、否认答复：五、对划线局部进展提问SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday.TheysangsomeEnglishsongsyesterdayafternoon.3.Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.练习：NevertroublemewhileI______inmyroom.A.willsleepB.asleepC.amsleepingD.slept—Hurryup!Weareallwaitingforyou.—I_____foranimportantphonecall.Gowithoutme.A.w