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2021年安徽省蚌埠市公共英语五级(笔试)知识点汇总(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________
一、1.ListeningComprehension(15题)1.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?
A.Computerlabservices.
B.Collegelibraryfacilities.
C.Theuseofmicro-computers.
D.Printoutsfromthelaserprinter.
2.Howlongdidittakeforchilipeppertobecomepopulararoundtheworld?
3.PartC
Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerthequestionsorcompletethenotesinyourtestbookletforQuestions21-30bywritingNOTMORETHANTHREEwordsinthespaceprovidedontheright.YouwillhearthetalkTWICE.
Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions21-30.
听力原文:Todaywetakeitforgrantedthatthemailwillbedelivereddailyatourdoor.Butmanyyearsagoitmighthavebeenplacedinatreetrunkorunderneatharock.Intheearlydaysofthemailnoonecouldbesureaboutwhereorwhenitwouldarrive.
AtthesoutherntipofAfricatherewasonceapostofficeunderarock.IntheolddaystheroutefromEnglandtoIndiawasaroundtheCapeofGoodHope.Thejourneywasstormyanddangerous.Ittooksixlongmonths.Sailorsoftenwishedtosendmailhome.buttheyseldommetshipsboundbacktoEngland.Soatthecapethesailorswouldgoashore.Theyheadedforacertainlargestone.Onthestonewerescratchedthewords“Lookhereunderforletters.”Theywouldleavetheirlettersthere.knowingthatthenexthomeward-boundshipwouldstopandpickthemup.
TherewasanotherpostofficelikethisatthesoutherntipofSouthAmerica.Duringthegoldrushdays,boatssailedaroundCapeHorntoCalifornia.AtCapeHornwasakegnailedtoapost.Boatscomingfromtheeastcoastwouldsendasmallboatashoretothispostoffice.Theypickedupanylettersinthekeg.Atthesametimetheymailedlettershomethatboatssailingeastcouldpickup.
InthestateofWashingtonstandsthestumpofahugecedar.It,too,wasonceapostoffice.Settlersneededaplaceforthemailcarrierstoleavetheirletters.Theirhousesweresowidelyscatteredthatthemailcarriercouldnotreachallofthem.andthepostofficewasfarawayoverroughroads.Sothesettlersfoundatreethatstoodwhereseveraltrailscrossed.Theycutthetreedowntenfeetfromtheground.holloweditout.andcovereditwitharoof.Inside,theynailedarowofwoodenboxes.Eachboxwasmarkedwithafamily'sname.Themailcarriercouldleavelettersthereforeveryoneformilesaround.
ForthefirstfewyearsaftertheEnglishcolonistscarnetoAmerica,therewasnoregularpostalservice.Peoplegavetheirletterstoanytravelerwhohappenedtobegoingintherightdirection.Oftentheygavethemtoapeddleroratravelingshoemaker.Whenthetravelerreachedthetownwheretheletterwasgoing,hemightstopataninn.Hewouldleavethelettersthere.Buttheretheystayeduntilthepersontheywereaddressedtohappenedtocomebyandstoppedattheinn.
WhataboutplaceslikeVirginiawheretherewereveryfewinns?Peoplewhowishedtosendletterswouldleavethematoneofthelargeplantations.Theownersoftheplantationwouldthensendthelettersontoaneighbor.Theneighborwoulddothesame.Itwasaslowmailsystem.
Aftermanyyears,regularmailcarriersonhorsebackwerehired.Theywentfromonebigtowntoanother.BetweenNewYorkandBoston,forexample.therewasone“postrider”amonth.Hetraveledonlybydayandtooktwoweeksforthetrip.Oftenthepostriderleftallthemailforawholetownatacrossroadsstore.ItstilltookmanyweeksforalettertoreachthepersonItwasaddressedto.
Finally,abouttwohundredyearsago,BenjaminFranklinwasmadepostmasterforallthecolonies.Hisfirstactwastomakealongjourneytofindoutthebestroutesforcarryingthemail.Thenhesetupalineofpoststationbetweenthenorthernandsoutherncolonies.Heorderedhispostriderstotravelbynightaswellasbyday.
Franklin'spostriderscouldcarrymorelettersinashortertimefromonecolonytoanother.TheletterservicehelpedtheyoungAmericancolonieslearnmoreabouteachother.Theylearnedthattheywereallinterestedinthesamethings.Thisgavethemthefeelingofunitythatlaterhelpedthemwintheirindependence.
4.Ourhumanfriendssometimesmaymakeusbored,butthefriendsinbooksmayalsobehurtbyus.
A.RightB.Wrong
5.Theystartedworkingin1968basedontheobservationmadebyJung,thefounderof______.
6.Whatwasthenamegiventothegenerationthatcameofageduringthe1960s?
7.WhogavedairyproductstothenativeAmericans?
8.Whocanbedescribedas"amantohavehisnoseputoutofjoint"?
A.Agayman.
B.Asickman.
C.Amanwhowantstosmellaflower.
D.Amanwhofeelshurtanddepressed.
9.What'sthethirdmethodmentionedheretogivethelistenertimetothink?
10.Itsoundsabitunscientificthatagoodmanageris______ratherthan______.
11.MDdecidescompany'spoliciesandcarriesthemout.
A.RightB.Wrong
12.Whatisthecharacteristicofspecialtygoods?
A.Theyaregoodsthatcanbeboughtataspecialprice.
B.Theyarespecialkindsofproducts.
C.Theyarecharacterizedintheirbrands.
D.Theyneedspecialeffortstoget.
13.WhatdidEuropeansthinkofpotatoes?
14.WhatdidFranklinsetupbetweenthenorthernandsoutherncolonies?
15.PartA
Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerQuestions1-10bycirclingTRUEorFALSE.YouwillhearthetalkONLYONCE.Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions1-10.
听力原文:Thereareseveralplacesintheworldthatarefamousforpeoplewholiveforaverylongtime.Thesesplacesareusuallymountainousareas,farawayfrommodemcities.Doctors,scientistsandpublichealthexpertsoftentraveltotheseregionstosolveamysteriouslonghealthylife;theexpertshopetobringtothemodemworldthesecretsoflongevity.
HunzaishighintheHymalayanMountainsofAsia.There,manypeopleoveronehundredyearsofagearestillinphysicalhealth.Menofninetyarenewfathers.andwomenoffiftystillhavebabies.Whatarethereasonsforthisgoodhealth?ScientistsbelievethatthepeopleofHunzahavethesethreebenefits:first,physicalwork,usuallyinthefieldsorwithanimals;second,ahealthenvironmentwithcleanairandwater:andwhat'smore,asimplediethighinvitaminsandnutritionbutlowinfat,cholesterol,sugarandchemicals.
PeopleintheCaucasusMountaininRussiaarealsofamousfortheirlongevity.Inthisarea,thereareamazingexamplesofverylong-livedpeople.Birthrecordsarenotusuallyavailable.butawomancalledTsurbaprobablyliveduntilage160;amancalledShiraliprobablyliveduntil168.Hiswidowwas120yearsold.Ingeneral,peoplenotonlylivealongtime,buttheyalsolivewell.Theyarealmostneversick,andwhentheydie,theyhavenotonlytheirownteethbutalsoafullheadofhairandgoodeyesight.
Vilcabamba,Ecuador,isanotherareafamousforthelongevityofitshabitants.Thisregion—likeHunzaandtheCaucasus—isalsoinhighmountains.farawayfromcities.InVilcabamba.too.thereisverylittledisease.Onereasonforthegoodhealthofthepeoplemightbetheclean,beautifulenvironment:thetemperatureisabout70Fahrenheitallyearlong;thewindalwayscomesfromthesamedirection;andtheregionisrichinflowers,fruits,vegetablesandwildlife.
Insomeways,thedietsofthehabitantsinthethreeregionsarequitedifferent.Hunzukutseatmainlyrawvegetables,fruit(especiallyapricots),andchapattis—akindofpancake;theyeatmeatonlyafewtimesayear.TheCaucasiandietconsistsmainlyofmilk,cheese,vegetables,fruitandmeat;mostpeopletheredrinkthelocalredwinedaily.InVilcabamba,peopleeatasmallamountofmeateachweek,batthedietconsistslargelyofgrain,corns,beans,potatoesandfruit.
ExpertsfindonesurprisingfactinthemountainsofEcuador.Mostpeoplethere,eventheveryold,consumealotofcoffee,drinkalargeamountofalcohol,andsmokefortytosixtycigarettesdaily.
However,thedietsaresimilarintwogeneralways:first,thefruitsandvegetablesthattheinhabitantsofthethreeareaseatareallnatural;thatis,theycontainnochemicalsandsecond,thepeopleconsumefewercaloriesthanpeopledointheotherpartsoftheworld.AtypicalNorthAmericantakesinallaverageof3,300calorieseveryday;atypicalinhabitantofthesemountainousareasbetween1,700and2,000calories.
Inhabitantsinthethreeregionshavemoreincommoncalories,naturalfood,theirmountainsandtheirdistancefrommodemcities.becausethesepeopleliveincountrysideandaremostlyfarmers,theirlivesarephysicallyhard.Thus,theydonotneedtogotohealthclubsbecausetheygetalotofexerciseintheirdailywork.Inaddition,although,theirlivesarehard,thepeopledonotseemtohavetheworriesofcitypeople.Theirlivesarequiet.Consequently,someexpertsbelievethatphysicalexerciseandfreedomfromworrymightbethetwomostimportantsecretsoflongevity.
Somemodemcitiesareusuallyfamousforpeoplewholiveaverylongtime.
A.RightB.Wrong
二、2.UseofEnglish(10题)16.(50)
17.(34)
18.
【C12】
19.
【C7】
20.(48)
21.
【C11】
22.
【C3】
23.
【C5】
24.
【C16】
25.(38)
三、3.ReadingComprehension(15题)26.
Inthe3rdsentenceofthefirstparagraphtheword"pressing"isclosestinmeaningto______.
A.urgentlyimportantB.pushingC.invitingD.charming
27.
WhatdidtheUNcallonnationstodoaboutCO2andothergreenhousegasesin1992?
A.TosignanewclimatetreatyatRio.
B.TodraftanagreementamongUNnations.
C.ToforcetheUnitedSatestoreduceitsemissions.
D.TolimitthereleaseofCO2andothergases.
28.(69)
29.(80)
30.(77)
31.
Theeffectsofalmostuniversalemploymentwereoverwhelminginthat_______.
A.thehouseholdandvillagecommunitydisappearedcompletely
B.mennowtravelledenormousdistancestotheirplacesofwork
C.youngandoldpeoplebecamesuperfluouscomponentsofsociety
D.theworkstatusofthosenotinpaidemploymentsuffered
32.(74)
33.
WhereliessuccessofacountryintheNewAgeofSuperstuff?
A.Itliesinresearch.
B.Itliesininvestment.
C.Itliesininnovation.
D.Itliesinapplication.
34.Theideaofafishbeingabletoproduceelectricitystrongenoughtolightlampbulbs-oreventorunasmallelectricmotor—isalmostunbelievable,butseveralkindsoffishareabletodothis.Evenmorestrangely,thiscuriouspowerhasbeenacquiredindifferentwaysbyfishbelongingtoverydifferentfamilies.
Perhapsthemostknownaretheelectricrays,ortorpedoes,ofwhichseveralkindsliveinwarmseas.Theypossessoneachsideofthehead,behindtheeyes,alargeorganconsistingofanumberofhexagonal-shapedcellsratherlikeahoneycomb.Theceilsarefilledwithajelly-likesubstance,andcontainaseriesofflatelectricplates.Oneside,thenegativeside,ofeachplate,issuppliedwithveryfinenerves,connectedwithamainnervecomingfromaspecialpartofthebrain.Currentgetsthroughfromtheupper,positivesideoftheorgandownwardtothenegative,lowerside.Generallyitisnecessarytotouchthefishintwoplaces,completingthecircuit,inordertoreceiveashock.
Thestrengthofthisshockdependsonthesizeoffish,butnewly-bornonesonlyabout5centimetersacrosscanbemadetolightthebulbofapocketflashlightforafewmoments,whileafullygrowntorpedogivesashockcapableofknockingamandown,and,ifsuitablewiresareconnected,willoperateasmallelectricmotorforseveralminutes.
Anotherfamousexampleistheelectriceel.Thisfishgivesanevenmorepowerfulshock.Thesystemisdifferentfromthatofthetorpedointhattheelectricplatesrunlongitudinallyandaresuppliedwithnervesfromthespinalcord.Consequently,thecurrentpassesalongthefishfromheadtotail.Theelectricorgansofthesefisharereallyalteredmusclesandlikeallmusclesareapttotire,sotheyarenotabletogenerateelectricityforverylong.PeopleinsomepartsofSouthAmericawhovaluetheelectriceelasfood,takeadvantageofthisfactbydrivinghorsesintothewateragainstwhichthefishdischargetheirelectricity.Thehorsesarelessaffectedthanamanwouldbe,andwhentheelectriceelshaveexhaustedthemselves,theycanbecaughtwithoutdanger.
TheelectriccatfishoftheNileandofotherAfricanfreshwatershasadifferentsystemagainbywhichcurrentpassesoverthewholebodyfromthetailtothehead.Theshockgivenbythisarrangementisnotsostrongastheothertwo,butisnonethelessunpleasant.Theelectriccatfishisaslow,lazyfish,fondofgloomyplacesandgrowstoabout1metrelong;itiseatenbytheArabsinsomeareas.
Thepowerofproducingelectricitymayservethesefishbothfordefenceandattack.Ifalargeenemyattacks,theshockwilldriveitaway;butitappearsthatthecatfishandtheelectriceelusetheircurrentmostoftenagainstsmallerfish,stunningthemsothattheycaneasilybeoverpowered.
Whichofthefollowingcanproducethestrongestshock?
A.Theelectriceel.
B.Theelectriccatfish.
C.Thenewly-bornelectrictorpedoes.
D.Thefully-grownelectricray.
35.(70)
36.
Whatdoestheauthormeanby"betteroff"(Line4,Paragraph3)?
A.Richer.B.Wiser.C.Happier.D.Luckier.
37.(67)
38.
WhatisNOTtrueabouttheeightgirls?
A.Theyareallbetween12and17.
B.Theyhavetriedavarietyofmeasures.
C.Theyattendasuicidesquad.
D.Alltheirattemptstocommitsuicidearevital.
39.(79)
40.At18,AshanthiDeSilvaofsuburbanClevelandisalivingsymbolofoneofthegreatintellectualachievementsofthe20thcentury.Bornwithanextremelyrareandusuallyfataldisorderthatleftherwithoutafunctioningimmunesystem(the"bubble-boydisease",namedafteranearliervictimwhowaskeptaliveforyearsinasterileplastictent),shewastreatedbeginningin1990witharevolutionarynewtherapythatsoughttocorrectthedefectatitsverysource,inthegenesofherwhitebloodcells.Itworked.Althoughherlastgene-therapytreatmentwasin1992,sheiscompletelyhealthywithnormalimmunefunction,accordingtooneofthedoctorswhotreatedher,W.FrenchAndersonoftheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Researchershavelongdreamedoftreatingdiseasesfromhemophiliatocancerbyreplacingmutantgeneswithnormalones.Andthedreamingmaycontinuefordecadesmore."Therewillbeagene-basedtreatmentforessentiallyeverydisease,"Andersonsays,"within50years."
It'snotentirelyclearwhymedicinehasbeensoslowtobuildonAnderson'searlysuccess.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthbudgetofficeestimatesitwillspend$432millionongene-therapyresearchin2005,andthereisnoshortageofpromisingleads.Thetherapeuticgenesareusuallydeliveredthroughvirusesthatdon'tcausehumandisease."ThevirusissortoflikeaTrojanhorse,"saysRonaldCrystalofNewYorkPresbyterian/WeillCornellMedicalCollege."Thecargoisthegene."
AttheUniversityofPennsylvania'sAbramsonCancerCenter,immunologistCarlJunerecentlytreatedHIVpatientswithageneintendedtohelptheircellsresisttheinfection.AtCornellUniversity,researchersarepursuinggene-basedtherapiesforParkinson'sdiseaseandararehereditarydisorderthatdestroyschildren'sbraincells.AtStanfordUniversityandtheChildren'sHospitalofPhiladelphia,researchersaretryingtofigureouthowtohelppatientswithhemophiliawhotodaymustinjectthemselveswithexpensiveclottingdrugsforlife.Animalexperimentshaveshowngreatpromise.
Butsomehow,thingsgetlostinthetranslationfromlaboratorytopatient.Inhumantrialsofthehemophiliatreatment,patientsshowaresponseatfirst,butitfadesovertime.Andthefieldhasstillnotrecoveredfromthesetbackitsufferedin1999,whenJesseGelsinger,an18-year-oldwithararemetabolicdisorder,diedafterreceivinganexperimentalgenetherapyattheUniversityofPennsylvania.Someexpertsworrythatthefieldwillbetarnishedfurtherifthenextpeopletobenefitarenotpatientsbutathletesseekinganedge.Thissummer,researchersattheSalkInstituteinSanDiegosaidtheyhadcreateda"marathonmouse"byimplantingagenethatenhancesrunningability;already,officialsattheWorldAnti-DopingAgencyarepreparingtotestathletesforsignsof"genedoping".Buttheprincipleisthesame,whetheryou'retryingtohelpahealthyrunnerrunfasterorallowamuscular-dystro-phypatienttowalk."Everybodyrecognizesthatgenetherapyisaverygoodidea,"saysCrystal."Andeventuallyit'sgoingtowork."
ThecaseofAshanthiDesilvaismentionedinthetextto
A.showthepromiseofgene-therapy
B.giveanexampleofmodemtreatmentforfataldiseases
C.introducetheachievementofAndersonandhisteam
D.explainhowgene-basedtreatmentworks
四、阅读理解(5题)41.
第
45
题
seemsdifficulttosavethegame?__________
42.
第
40
题
Whycouldnotceramicsbeusedwidelyinthepast?
43.
根据下列文章回答36~40题:
第
36
题
ThetwoBrooklynitesinthefirstparagraphwere__________.
44.
第
25
题
Thevalueofcompetitionworksagainstthespiritofnationalcooperationinthat__________.
45.
第
33
题
Whatisthebasicdifferencebetweenthetwoclassesoftheories?
参考答案
1.B
2.100years.
3.Intreetrunk/Underneatharock.
4.B
5.analyticpsychology
6.BabyBoomgeneration.
7.TheEuropeans
8.D
9.Usefillerwords
10.Borntrained.
11.B
12.C
13.Poisonous
14.Poststations.
15.B
16.normalnormal解析:根据上下文可以判断此处句意为“很正常的事情”,因此此处应填“normal”。
17.thatthat解析:此空后的内容为maintain的内容,即此空后的句子为maintain的宾语,应填一个可引导宾语从句的词。
18.butbut解析:这里表达的前后句意是一种转折关系。前面说“hemayhavedreams.”而后面“hedoesnotallowthemtoblockhisknowledge…”的意思却是“但是他也不会让这些梦想阻挡自己对什么是现实的理解。”故答案为but。
19.amongamong解析:此句意为“后一种观点得到了许多支持者,尤其…教育家。”显然,空处应填“在…中”,介词among即有此意。
20.werewere解析:考查被动语态的用法,注意分析句子成分。所以此处应填“were”。
21.areare解析:分析句子结构,这里缺少系动词be来构成动词的被动形式。故答案为are。
22.oppositeopposite解析:从文章第二段的内容可以看出,Adown-to-earthperson和那些表面上装的很重要的人物正好相反。所以这里应填“相反的”,故答案为opposite。
23.asas解析:thinkofsth.assth.为固定短语,意为“把某物想成某物”。
24.takestakes解析:要注意时态,这里意为“占据”,所以所以此处应填“takes”。
25.whichwhich解析:由37题解析可知此空应为一个引导定语从句的词,即which,其后的定语修饰“several(typesofcontamination)”。
26.A解析:pressing意为“紧
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