初中英语被动语态讲解 练习及答案

初中英语被动语态讲解练习及答案被动语态考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】across,through穿过across指从一定范围的一边到另一边。动作是在物体的表面进行。常用于横穿街道、河流，穿过桥梁等。eg:Theywalkacrossthebridge.他们步行走过了这座桥。through侧重从物体的内部空间穿过，动作是在物体内部进行。常用于门、窗户、森林等。eg:Hewalksthroughthepark.他步行穿过公园。ill，sick“生病的”。ill只在系动词后作表语eg:Hermotherwasillinbed.

sick既可作表语eg:Hermotherwassickinbed.

也可作定语eg:Janeistakingcareofhersickmother.若ill作定语，译为“坏的，恶劣的”eg:anillperson一个坏人sick作表语时也常译为“恶心的，想吐的“eg:Theboyalwaysfeelssickwhenhetravelsbycar.【固定搭配】动词+名词/代词/副词+介词makeroomfor给腾出地方eg:Wecanmakeroomforheratthistable.playajokeon戏弄人；对人恶作剧eg:Wecan’tplayajokeonlaw.speakhighlyof称赞eg:Thecustomsspeakhighlyoftheirqualityofservice.saygoodbyeto告别；告辞eg:Idon'twanttosaygoodbyetothem.takeanactivepartin积极参加eg:Theytakeanactivepartinschoolactivities.takecareof照顾；照料；注意eg:CouldyoutakecareofmyplantswhileI'monvacation?【被动语态】（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。（二）被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am／is／are＋spoken一般过去时：was／were＋spoken一般将来时：will／shallbe＋spoken现在进行时：am／is／arebeing＋spoken过去进行时：was/werebeing＋spoken现在完成时：have／hasbeen＋spoken过去完成时：hadbeen+spoken（三）被动语态的用法（1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道是谁偷的）Thisbridgewasfoundedin1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。（2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：TheglasswasbrokenbyMike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedontime.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。（四）主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。（2）把谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词）（根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式）。（3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.→Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.→Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.Hecutdownatree.→Atreewascutdownbyhim.（五）含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.→Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Theyshoulddoitatonce.→Itshouldbedoneatonce.（六）特殊情况1.Hemadetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday.→Theboywasmadetoworkbyhimfortwohoursyesterday.2.MotherneverletsmewatchTV.→IamneverlettowatchTVbymother.3.JackgavePeteraChristmaspresentjustnow.→（1）AChristmaspresentwasgiventoPeterbyJackjustnow.→（2）PeterwasgivenaChristmaspresentbyJackjustnow.常见的句型结构：Itis(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought）that大家同意（相信、决定、希望、认为）Itis(was)wellknownthat众所周知Itis(was)takenforgrantedthat被视为当然Itmustberememberedthat务必记住Itmustn’tbeforgottenthat千万别忘记Itis(was)said(reported，heard，told，suggested)that据说(报道、听说、告知、建议)二、典型例题（）1．TheOlympicGames___________everyfouryears.Aareheld Bwereheld C．areholding D．willho1d（）2.Intheartshow，alotofenjoyment__toforeignfriendsbytheChinesepaintings．A．isgiving Bisgiven Cwillgive Dhasgiven（）3.TodayChineseisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.It_________in.manyschoolsaroundtheworld.A.teaches B.isteaching C.hastaught D.istaught（）4.BaJin,oneofthegreatestwritersinChina,________as"People'sWriter".A.isregardedB.hasregardedC.isregardingD.regards（）5.Usuallycomputers_________tosearchtheInternet.A.useB.areusingC.areusedD.used（）6.--Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?--Yes.Ourclassroom__________everyday.A.clean B.cleans C.iscleaned（）7.一DidyouhearthatwaterinTaiLakesmeltterrible?一Yes．Infact，it____.That'sallbecauseofthepeopleandthefactoriesaround．A．polluted Bwaspolluted Chaspolluted D．waspo11ute（）8.--Ourenvironmentisgettingworsethanbefore.--You'reright.ButthankstoEarthDay_______,peoplehavedonemoreandmoreusefulthingstoprotect(保护)theearthsinceEarthDay.A.isstartedB.wasstartedC.hasstarted（）9.IfeelveryhappythatI____tobethehost.Congratulations!A.chooseB.amchosenC.waschosenD.havenchosen（）10.Manytreesandflowers______inourschoollastyear，andtheymadeourschoolabeautifulgarden．A．plantB．plantedC．haveplantedD．wereplanted（）11.Somefamouspaintings__________inthehallnextweek.A.willshow B.wereshown C.isshown D.willbeshown（）12.Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnologyintheschoolhallnextweek.A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.gives（）13.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.Right.Manymoderntallbuildingshavebeen______thesedays.A.turnedup B.putup C.shownup D.fixedup（）14.Twelve-year-oldsshouldnottodriveinChina.A.allowB.beallowC.allowedD.beallowed（）15.

—Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom?

—Yes,ourclassroom______everyday.

A.clean

B.cleans

C.iscleaned

D.Cleaned三、课后练习（）1．—Susan,whyareyoustillhere?Theyareallreadytostart.

–I’msorry,butI_____whentomeet.A.don’ttell

B.didn’ttell

C.haven’ttold

D.wasn’ttold（）2．Manyoldhousesaroundourschool____nextyearandalargegreenareawillappear.A.pulldown

B.willbepulleddown C.willpulldown

D.arepulleddown（）3．Mywatch______.Don’tworry.Let’sgototheLost&Found.A.islost B.isbroken C.hasfound D.hasstopped（）4．DidyougotoSam’sweekendparty?No,I___________.A.amnotinvited B.wasn’tinvited C.haven’tinvited D.didn’tinvite（）5．--Howoften______yourschoolsportsmeeting______?--Onceayear.A.does;hold B.was;hold C.is;held D.did;hold（）6．OnMay30th,,onebowlintheMingdynasty(明朝)_______atthepriceof30.36millionHongKongdollars.A.sell B.sold C.issold D.wassold（）7．The"Thousand-handGuanyin"____bymanypeopleasthebestperformanceatCCTV'sSpringFestivalEvening.A.hasbeenregarded B.areregarded C.hasregarded D.regards（）8．—Thoseeggsofdifferentcolorsareverybeautiful.—Yes,they______inHangzhou.A.painted B.werepainting C.werepainted D.hadpainted（）9．Don’tlittertheground,boy,Lookatthesign::“Rubbishintothedustbin.”Sorry.A,hasthrow B,wasthrow C,mustthrow D,mustbethrown（）10．The29th0lympicGames__inBeijingin2008．A．willhold Bwillbeheld C．hold（）11.Thegirlwasoftenheardhappilyinherroom.A.sing B.tosing C.singing D.sings（）12.Itisreportedthatmorenewteachingbuildings_________inourschoolinthenextterm.A.willbebuiltB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.willbuild（）13.Itisreportedthatmorenewteachingbuildings_________inourschoolinthenextterm.A.willbebuiltB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.willbuild（）14.Thesickboy_________tohospitalbythepoliceyesterday.A.istakenB.wastakenC.takesD.took（）15.--It’sdifficultforthevillagechildrentocrosstheriverforschool.--Ithinkabridge_________overtheriver.A.wasbuiltB.isbeingbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.shouldbebuilt（）16.--David,turnofftheTV________nooneiswatchingit.

--Butit________offalready!Themusicisfromtheradio.

A.sothat,hasbeenturned

B.when,hasturnedC.if,hasbeenturned

D.because,hasturned（）17.UsuallyJohntoschoolinhisfather’sbeautifulcar.A.hastakenB.istakingC.istakenD.hasbeentaken（）18.Don’tputofftoday’sworkfortomorrow.Imean,today’swork_________today.A.maydoB.mustdoC.maybedoneD.mustbedone（）19.--Look,whatanoldpalace!Itlookssogreat!--Yeah,it________nearly800yearsago.A.wasbuildingB.wasbuilt C.hasbuilt D.isbuilt（）20.Don’tdiscusstheproblemswithyourpartnerunlessyou_________todoso.A.askB.areasked C.willaskD.willbeaskedPAGEPAGE18典型例题一般现在时1A。[解析]考查被动语态，根据句意，“奥运会每四年举行一次”可见须用一般现在时的被动语态，故排除了B、C、D。2[答案]B。[解析]本题考查被动语态，句中alotofenjoyment是动作的承受者。“在这次艺术展中，一些有趣的东西通过中国国画展示给外国朋友。”3[答案]D。[解析]考查被动语态。物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性，不能用被动语态。4[答案]A。[解析]选用一般现在时态的被动语态，表示人们对这位伟大作家的爱戴。5[答案]C。[解析]从句子看，电脑作主语，是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态，故选C。6.[答案]C。[解析]考查被动语态物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性，不能用被动语态。一般过去时1[答案]B。考查被动语态。物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性，不能用被动语态。2[答案]B。[解析]从句意：“……自从‘地球日’开始以来，人们已做了一些越来越有用的事保护环境。”可知，“地球日”的开始，要用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为wasstarted故选B。3.We________intofivegroupstogototheoldpeople'shome.Wedidmanythingstocheerthemup.[太原市]A.dividedB.aredividedC.weredivided3[答案]C。[解析]本题主要考查被动语态的用法。根据句意及语境可推知空格处应用被动语态的形式。由后一句"Wedidmanythings．”可推断，时态应该是一般过去时。因此选C。4C5D一般将来过去1[答案]D。[解析]本题综合考查时态和语态。主语为“一些名画”，在此为动作“展出”的承受者，故应用被动语态，时间状语为nextweek，是表示将来的时间状语，所以句子时态是一般将来时，所以D项正确。2B答案B答案：D。情态动词用于被动结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词。答案为C。句中有everyday，主语为ourclassroom，故要用一般现在时的被动语态。【参考答案】1．答案D解析：依据句意：对不起，但我不知道什么时候见面。强调动作发生在过去，I和tell之间是被动关系。2．答案B解析：由题干时间nextyear科知识将来时态，句子主语是oldhouses,应用被动语态。故选B。3．答案A解析：由Let’sgototheLost&Found.可知，说明表丢失了。故选4．答案B解析：由DidyougotoSam’sweekendparty?可知陈述过去的动作的发生，I和invite之间存在着被动关系。故选B。5．答案C解析：Howoften+一般疑问句？此句型用来提问在某一特定时间内进行某个动作的次数，表示“多长时